山東省濱州市惠民縣李莊鎮(zhèn)中學(xué)2023年高二英語下學(xué)期期末試題含解析

山東省濱州市惠民縣李莊鎮(zhèn)中學(xué)2023年高二英語下學(xué)期期末試題含解析一、選擇題1.I'llcometopayavisittoyouif________thisweekend.A．you'reconvenient

B．itisconvenientforyouC．youfeelconvenient

D．itisconvenientwithyou參考答案：B2.Ifyouhaveanyquestions_______thismatter,pleasefeelfreetocontactourofficeat866-473-4373.A.accordingto

B.regardingC.connecting

D.providing參考答案：B3.Alicestoodinfrontofthewindow,____shecouldwatchherclassmatesplayingfootball.Awhich

Bfromwhere

Cfromthere

Dthere參考答案：B4.Filmhasamuchshorterhistory,when_______suchartformsasmusicandpainting.A.havingcomparedto B.comparingto

C.comparedto D.beingcomparedto參考答案：C5.Inthereunionafterbeingapartfortenyears,wedranktogetherandtalkedmerrily_______farintothenight.

A.even

B.by

C.so

D.till參考答案：D6.—I’vegotthemoneybackfromHenry.

--________?Afterall,heneedsourhelpnow.

A.What’swrongwithyou?

B.Howcouldyoudothat?

C.Howmuchdidyouget?

D.Whendidyoudothat?參考答案：B7.In_____casewheresomebodyisbleedingheavily，_______goodknowledgeoffirstaidcanmake_____realdifference.A.the;/;a B.a;/;the C.a;a;the D.a;a;a參考答案：D略30.Shespokeveryconfidentlybecauseshewantedtomakeagreat

onheremployeratthefirsttime.A.influence

B.pressure

C.impression

D.effect參考答案：C略9.Notuntilhetoldme

itwasChristmasDay.A.didIrealize

B.doIrealize

C.Irealize

D.Irealized參考答案：A10.Theconferencewasheldtodiscusstheeffectthattourismhas________thewildlifeinthearea.A.in

B.on

C.at

D.with參考答案：B11.Scientistshavemanytheoriesabouthowtheuniverseintobeing.

A.came B.wascomingC.hadcome D.wouldcome參考答案：A提示:考查時態(tài)的用法。句意為:“對于宇宙是如何形成的科學(xué)家有很多理論?！币驗橛钪娴男纬蛇@個動作已經(jīng)發(fā)生,所以用一般過去時。

12.Notuntilhehadlefthisfriend_______howimportantfriendshipwasforhim.A.didherealize

B.herealized

C.hadherealized

D.hehadrealized參考答案：A略13.Mr.White,whocomesfrom____Europeancountry,hasformed_____habitofattending____churchonSundays.

A.an;/;the

B.a;a;a

C.an;the;/

D.a;the;/參考答案：D略14.Infrontofthefarmhouse______.

A.aboylay

B.laidaboy

C.layaboy

D.didaboylie參考答案：C考查完全倒裝。句意：農(nóng)舍前面躺著一個男孩。當(dāng)表示地點的介詞短語置于句首時，句子的主語和謂語要完全交換位置，構(gòu)成全部倒裝，“infrontofthefarmhouse”表示地點，故該空用完全倒裝。lie的過去式為lay，故C選項正確。B選項中，laid的原形為lay，意為“放置，擱置，產(chǎn)卵，下蛋”，不合題意。15.Doyouknowhowmanypartsthismachine__________?A.consistsin B.consistsofC.isconsistedof D.consistswith參考答案：B【詳解】考查短語辨析。句意：你知道這臺機(jī)器有多少零件組成嗎？A.consistsin在于；B.consistsof由組成，沒有被動語態(tài)。C.isconsistedof因為consistof沒有被動，所以是錯誤的；D.consistswith…與……一致的。分析句子的語境可知，此處是指由“由……構(gòu)成”，故選B。16.

Inmanyshopsthecustomerhastowaitforsomeoneto________him.Andwhenfinallysomeclerkappearskindenoughtonoticeyou,youaremadetofeelasifyouwereinterruptinghim.A.catchon

B.callon

C.waiton

D.takeon參考答案：C二、新的題型17.Learningscienceinvolvesknowledgeandapplication.Duringyourundergraduateyears,applicationsstartinthesciencelaboratory.36

Thefollowingarewaysonhowtohandleandcleanscienceequipment:

Glassware（器皿）.37Iftheglasshasimpurities,theexperimentcanfail.Ingeneral,therearefourwaystocleantheequipment:1.Completelycleaningtheglasswareusingflowingtapwater.2.Usingthecleanerthatisspecificallydesignedforlaboratoryglassware.3.Boilingwaterinthewaretocompletelyremovethesolutions.4.Usingchemicalsolventandwater-basedsoakingsolutions.

Plasticware.Sincethisismoresensitivethanglass,mildlabcleanerisenoughtocleanit.38Washwithclean,preferablydistilledwater.Useheatandchemicalsolutionsforremovingdifficultgrease,oilandotherorganicmatter.However,notalltypesofplasticscanbearheatandchemicalapplication.39

Stainlesssteellabware.Neverusehydrochloricacidonsteelproducts.Asoftandcleanclothcanbeused.Therearealsostainlesssteelpadsthatcanbeused.40Usuallythesesteelproductshavevisiblepolishinggrainsorlinesthatmustbefollowedasdirectionsforcleaning.Filteredwateristherecommendedliquidforcleaning.Someunfilteredwatercancontaindepositbuiltupthatcanprotecttheequipment.A.Notethateachchemicalisunique.

B.Notethatthecleanerdoesn’thavestrongPH.C.Thereareinstancesinwhichwaterisusedforthelastcleaning.D.Itisstillbestthatyoucheckcleaninginstructionsinthepackaging.E.However,themannerofcleaningorpolishingmustbecorrectlyobserved.F.Thistypeofequipmentisusuallyusedasaholderforchemicalstobetested.G.Youusedifferentscienceequipmenttohelpyouproduceconclusionsongivenproblems.參考答案：36-40：GFBDE三、閱讀理解18.Gettingridofdirt,intheopinionofmostpeople,isagoodthing.However,thereisnothingfixedaboutattitudestodirt.Intheearly16thcentury,peoplethoughtthatdirtontheskinwasameanstoblockoutdisease,asmedicalopinionhaditthatwashingoffdirtwithhotwatercouldopenuptheskinandletillsin.Aparticulardangerwasthoughttolieinpublicbaths.By1538,theFrenchkinghadclosedthebathhousesinhiskingdom.SodidthekingofEnglandin1546.ThusbeganalongtimewhentherichandthepoorinEuropelivedwithdirtinafriendlyway.HenryⅣ，KingofFrance,wasfamouslydirty.Uponlearningthatanoblemanhadtakenabath,thekingorderedthat,toavoidtheattackofdisease,thenoblemanshouldnotgoout.Thoughthebeliefinthemeritofdirtwaslong－lived,dirthasnolongerbeenregardedasaniceneighboureversincethe18thcentury.Scientificallyspeaking,cleaningawaydirtisgoodtohealth.Cleanwatersupplyandhandwashingarepracticalmeansofpreventingdisease.Yet,itseemsthatstandardsofcleanlinesshavemovedbeyondsciencesinceWorldWarII.Advertisementsrepeatedlyselltheidea:clothesneedtobewhiterthanwhite,clothseversofter,surfacestoshine.Hasthehatefordirt,however,gonetoofar?Attitudestodirtstilldifferhugelynowadays.Manyfirst－timeparentsnervouslytrytowarntheirchildrenofftouchingdirt,whichmightberesponsibleforthespreadofdisease.Onthecontrary,

MaryRuebush,anAmericanimmunologist(免疫學(xué)家),encourageschildrentoplayinthedirttobuildupastrongimmunesystem.Andthelatterpositionisgainingsomeground.12.ThekingsofFranceandEnglandinthe16thcenturyclosedbathhousesbecause____.A.theylivedhealthilyinadirtyenvironmentB.theythoughtbathhousesweretoodirtytostayinC.theybelieveddiseasecouldbespreadinpublicbathsD.theyconsideredbathingasthecauseofskindisease13.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesHenryⅣ'sattitudetobathing？A.Afraid.

B.Curious.C.Approving.

D.Uninterested.14.Howdoesthepassagemainlydevelop？A.Byprovidingexamples.B.Bymakingcomparisons.C.Byfollowingtheorderoftime.D.Byfollowingtheorderofimportance.15.Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthepassage？A.Tostresstheroleofdirt.B.Tointroducethehistoryofdirt.C.Tocallattentiontothedangerofdirt.D.Topresentthechangeofviewsondirt.參考答案：12.C

13.A

14.C

15.D試題分析：文章大意：本文為議論文。介紹了不同時期人們對污垢的不同理解以及持有的不同態(tài)度。過去人們認(rèn)為污垢有助于保護(hù)皮膚抵御疾病，所以拒絕洗澡。而現(xiàn)在免疫學(xué)家聲稱污垢有利于加強(qiáng)人的免疫系統(tǒng)，并且有一定的依據(jù)證明此觀點?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的第一、二、三、四句可知當(dāng)時的人們認(rèn)為洗凈污垢會使疾病侵入，而浴室更是疾病容易傳播的地方，所以英法國王下令關(guān)閉公共浴室，這樣可排除A、B、D，而C項正確?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的最后兩句可知法國國王HenryⅣ因身體臟而出名，聽說有位貴族洗澡后，就下令禁止這位貴族外出以防止疾病的入侵?？梢酝茢嗨麑ο丛璧膽B(tài)度是恐懼的。A：恐懼；B：好奇；C：贊同；D：不感興趣。選A【14題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文，從16世紀(jì)早期人們認(rèn)為污垢有利于抵御疾病，到18世紀(jì)人們從科學(xué)的角度認(rèn)為洗凈污垢有利身體健康，再到現(xiàn)今人們對污垢的態(tài)度又有所不同可以看出文章的寫作是以時間為順序的。選C【15題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段的“thereisnothingfixedaboutattitudestodirt”和最后一段的第一句“Attitudestodirtstilldifferhugelynowadays.”可以看出作者寫這篇文章的目的是要呈現(xiàn)不同時期的人們對污垢的不同態(tài)度。選D19.

CWhen,afterayearofbeingaloneonhisisland,RobinsonCrusoeseesafootprintinthesand,thereaderofRobinsonCrusoetrembles.WillCrusoefindanotherhumanbeingtoendhisloneliness?Isthefootprintthesignofanenemy?Since1719,whenDanielDefoewroteRobinsonCrusoe,thousandsofpeoplewhoenjoyEnglishnovelshavethrilledtothisgreatadventurestory.Butfewknowhowthestorycametobewritten.RobinsonCrusoewasthefirstEnglishnovel.ItsbirthbroughttogetherthemisadventuresofaScotch“failure”andtheuntappedimaginationofanagingEnglishscribbler.

NeartheendoftheSeventeenthCentury,thehot-temperedAlexanderSelkirkwaschargedwithbadconductwhileinchurch.Ratherthanfacethischarge,heranawaytosea.Severalyearslater,SelkirkfoundhimselfontheshipofanEnglishprivateer.TheprivateerwaspreyingonSpanishshipping.ButSelkirkquarreledbitterlywiththeCaptain.So,whentheshipcametotheislandofJuanFemandezintheSouthSeas,Selkirkaskedtobeputashore.Whenhesawthattherewerenopeopleontheisland,hebeggedtobetakenbackonboard.ButtheCaptainrefused—Selkirkhadgonetoofar.Overfouryearslater,Selkirkwasrescuedbyanothership.WhenSelkirkgotbacktoEngland,thestoryofhislifeontheislandfiredtheimaginationofDanielDefoe.Defoehadbeenearningalivingbyhispensincehewasthirty.Hewasamazinglyhard-working.Hewroteawholenewspaperthreetimesaweek.Healsomadepartofhislivingfrompolitics.Hesupportedbothpoliticalparties.Hetoldeachpartythatithadhissolesupport.【小題1】AlexanderSelkirkspentfouryearsonadesertislandbecause

.

A.hesoughtadventure

B.hewashot-tem