2021學(xué)年第二學(xué)期高三英語適應(yīng)性練習(xí)

2021學(xué)年第二學(xué)期高三英語適應(yīng)性練習(xí)

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（時間120分鐘）考生注意：.本練習(xí)共12頁。練習(xí)時間120分鐘。.答題前，考生務(wù)必在答題紙上用鋼筆或水筆清楚填寫姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號，并用鉛筆正確涂寫準(zhǔn)考證號。.答案必須全部涂寫在答題紙上。選擇題使用2B鉛筆涂點(diǎn)，其他試題不可使用鉛筆作答。ListeningprehensionSectionADirections:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper;anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard..【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】A.Atachurch.B.Atasnackbar.C.Ataphotostudio.D.Atabeautysalon.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Adoublecheeseburger,somelargecurlyfriesandamediumPepsi.M:Ok.Yourtotalis$6.88.Eatinortakeaway?Q:Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablylakeplace?.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】A.Waiter.B.Doctor.C.Mechanic.D.Driver.【答案】C【解析】［原文】W:HowmuchshouldIpay?M:Well,Ihavepaintedthescratchonthefrontleftdoorandadjusted(hebrakes,soitwouldbe$130.Q:What'sprobablytheman?sjob?.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】A.Supportive.A.Supportive.A.Supportive.B.Negative.C.Unconcerned.D.Neutral.A.Supportive.B.Negative.C.Unconcerned.D.Neutral.考查情態(tài)動詞。句意：野生動物保護(hù)區(qū)的部落部門經(jīng)理hispcrCamcLMcans說，在魚類和野生動物管理局的監(jiān)督下，那里的展品之前用了不同部落的詞來形容野牛，他們不會接受。根據(jù)句意，可用情態(tài)動詞would或者could與動詞原形accept構(gòu)謂語。故填would/couldo【28題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：游客中心現(xiàn)已開放，展出的新展品更好地反映了部落參與野牛保護(hù)的情況。分析句子可知，feature（以為特色，以為主要組成）是非謂語動詞，與其邏輯主語Thevisitorcenter之間是主動關(guān)系，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞表主動，作伴隨狀語。故填featuring?！?9題詳解】考查原因狀語從句和連詞。句意：我們聽長輩說一些我們必須保護(hù)的東西，因為如果我們不把它放在那里，我們就會失去它給我們的東西。根據(jù)句意，前后文是因果關(guān)系,“ifwedon'tputitoutthere,welosewhatitgivestousv是wsomestuffwehavetoprotectM的原因,用從屬連詞because引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句。故填because?！?。題詳解】考查形容詞比較級。句意：這些部落正在努力建造一個更大的博物館，它將更靠近美國93號公路。根據(jù)句意和下文usharetheirhistorywithmorepeoplen可推知，一個更大的博物館能與更多的人分享歷史，應(yīng)使用比較級。故填bigger。SectionBDirections:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.nutritionalB.objectedC.sustainableD.parisonE.motivationalF.projectedG.necessarilyH.popularityI.unsweetenedJ.previouslyK.sourcePlant-basedMilkTherearenutritionaldifferencesbetweentypesofmilk,fromoattosoytocow's.Plant-basedmilkshavebeengrowingin31foryears,butthenutritionalcontentofdifferentmilksandmilkalternativesvary,withdisagreementsbetweenbrandsloo.Theglobaldairyalternativesmarketis32togrowfrom$22.25billionin2021to$53,97billionin2028,accordingtoareportbyFortuneBusinessInsights.InFebruary2022,theworld'sfirstpotatomilklaunchedintheUK,whichbillsitselfas“themost33plant-baseddairyalternativeonthemarket.”Whilesomepeoplechoosedairyalternatives,cowsmilkisanexcellent34ofcalcium,protein.andvitaminDll'salsoworkingbetterthanwaterwhenpeoplefeelthirsty,accordingtoasmallstudybyStAndrewsUniversityinScotland.However,somepeoplestayawayfromdairybecauseofintoleranceofthemouthfeelorenvironmentalconcerns,andforsome,the35factorishealth.Nutritionalreportsofmilksvary,withsomeofferingmorefiber,fat,protein,carbs,sugar,andcaloriesthanothers.Dietitiansremendchoosingfortifiedplant-basedmilks.Plant-basedmilksarenot36"healthier”thandairy,andwhenfollowingaplant-baseddiet,dietitiansremendensuringyourdairy-freemilkalternativesarefortifiedwithessentialvitaminsandminerals.4tFortifiedmeansthattheyareaddedbythemanufacturerandsowillbeontheingredientslist,oradvertisedonthefront,dietitianNicholaLudlam-Rainc37toldInsider.“ChoosemilkalternativesthatarefortifiedwithvitaminssuchasvitaminB12andvitaminD,inadditiontothemineralscalciumandiodine,“shesaid.The38contentofmilkvariesintermsofprotein,carbs,andfiber.Cow'smilk,fbrexample,containslotsofcalciumandvitaminD,aswellasprotein.Soymilkisoftenfortifiedwithcalcium,andisalsohighinprotein.For(hepurposeofthis39.Insiderselectedpopularbrandsofeachmilk,selecting40optionswhereverpossible,percup.Here'ssomenutritionalinformationonourwebsitetobearinmindwhenchoosingwhichmilktohaveinyourcoffee,onyourcereal,oralongsideacookie.【答案】31.H32.F33.C34.K35.E36.G37.J38.A39.D40.1【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇新聞報道。主要介紹了植物性乳制品是可以替代牛奶。[31題詳解】考查名詞。句意：植物性牛奶多年來越來越受歡迎，但不同牛奶和牛奶替代品的營養(yǎng)成分不同，品牌之間也存在分歧。分析可知，空前是介詞，所以空處應(yīng)填名詞，根據(jù)后文“Theglobaldairyalternativesmarketis2togrowfromS22.25billionin2021to$53.97billionin2028”可知,牛奶市場越來越大,所以空處應(yīng)選popularity意為“受歡迎”，符合句意。故選H項。【32題詳解】考查動詞。句意：根據(jù)《財富》商業(yè)觀察的一份報告，全球乳制品替代品市場預(yù)計將從2021年的222.5億美元增長到2028年的539.7億美元。根據(jù)后文中“I。$53.97billionin2028”，可推測，現(xiàn)在還未到2028年,所以應(yīng)該是表預(yù)測，所以應(yīng)填project意為“預(yù)測”，又本句主語是market與project之間是被動關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)，空前已有be動詞is,空處用project的過去分詞。故選F項[33題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：2022年2月，世界上第一款土豆牛奶在英國推出，它標(biāo)榜自己是“市場上最可持續(xù)的植物性乳制品替代品”。根據(jù)空前的themost可知空處應(yīng)填形容詞，表示“最……的”，此處分析選項，可知應(yīng)在A,C,E,I中選，帶入句子中，可知sustainable意為“可持續(xù)的”符合句意。故選C項?？疾槊~。句意：雖然有些人會選擇乳制品的替代品，但牛奶是鈣、蛋白質(zhì)和維生素D的極佳來源。根據(jù)空前是excellent為形容詞，所以空處應(yīng)填名詞，再根據(jù)空后“ofcalcium,prolein,andvilaminD”可知，應(yīng)選source意為“來源”，符合句意。故選K項?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：然而，有些人不吃乳制品是因為對?口感的不耐受或?qū)?環(huán)境的擔(dān)憂，對另一些人來說，健康是激勵因素。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空前是冠詞the,空后是名詞factor,所以空處應(yīng)填形容詞，根據(jù)后文“factorishealth.”可推知,此處應(yīng)填motivational意為“激勵的”，激勵因素是健康,符合句意。故選E項?！?6題詳解】考查副詞。句意：植物性牛奶不?定比乳制品“更健康”，在遵循植物性飲食時，營養(yǎng)師建議確保不含乳制品的牛奶替代品含有必要的維生素和礦物質(zhì)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處修飾空后的healthier,應(yīng)用副詞，根據(jù)后文“whenfollowingaplant-baseddiet,dietitiansremendensuringyourdairy-freemilkalternativesarefortifiedwithessentialvitaminsandmineralsM可知本句表達(dá)意思為植物性牛奶不一定比乳制品“更健康”，所以應(yīng)選necessarily意為“必然地”，符合句意。故選G項?！?7題詳解】考查副詞。句意：營養(yǎng)學(xué)家尼古拉?拉德拉姆-雷恩此前告訴Inside亡“強(qiáng)化意味著制造商添加了它們，所以它們會出現(xiàn)在配料表上，或在食品包裝上?！狈治鼍渥咏Y(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處修飾空后的動詞，應(yīng)用副詞，用排除法,分析句子選項可知G,J為副詞，帶入句子中可知，previously意為“先前”符合句意，表示此前告訴之意。故選J項?！?8題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：牛奶的營養(yǎng)成分在蛋白質(zhì)、碳水化合物和纖維方面各不相同。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空前是冠詞the,空后是名詞content,所以空處應(yīng)填形容詞，再根據(jù)后文“intermsofprotein,carbs,andfiber”,此處說的是牛奶的營養(yǎng)，所以應(yīng)先nulritional“營養(yǎng)的”，符合句意。故選A項?！?9題詳解】考杳名詞。句意：為了進(jìn)行比較，Insider選擇了每種牛奶的流行品牌，每杯牛奶盡可能選擇不加糖的。根據(jù)空前是指示代詞，所以空處應(yīng)填名詞,在根據(jù)前文acontainslotsofcalciumandvitaminD.aswellasprotein.Soymilkisoftenfortifiedwithcalcium,andisalsohighinprotein."可知，這里是作比較,所以選parison意為“比較”，符合句意。故選D項。【40題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：為了進(jìn)行比較，Insider選擇了每種牛奶的流行品牌，每杯牛奶盡可能選擇不加糖的。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空后是名詞options,所以空處應(yīng)填形容詞修飾，根據(jù)后文“Herdssomenutritionalinformationonourwebsitetobearinmindwhenchoosingwhichmilktohaveinyourcoffee,onyourcereal,oralongsideacookie.”可推知，營養(yǎng)信息是為了健康，所以應(yīng)是選擇不加糖的牛奶，所以應(yīng)選unsweelened意為“未加糖的”，符合句意。故選I項。III.ReadingprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.ItwasthoughtthatMicrobes(細(xì)菌)insediments—solidmaterialthatsettlesatthebottomofaliquidbeneaththeseafloordiedabove80℃,butscientistshavefoundsomethatcansun-iveupto120℃andpossiblyhighertemperatures.Thediscoveryshowsthatlifeinseafloorsedimentscansurvivehighertemperaturesthanpreviouslythought.“Iwouldthinkthatwhereverthere'senergythatcanbeexploitedbymicroorganisms,41find(s)away."saysTinaTreudeattheUniversityofCalifornia,LosAngeles,itispossiblethatthereislifeatevenhighertemperatures.44Theonlywaytofindoutistogobackand42deeper,shesays,thoughinlabexperimentssofar,nomicrobeshavebeenfound(ogrowabove122℃.Theresearcherswerealsoableto43outandcountcellsusingaspecialdevice.Together,thefindingsshowthatrelativelyfewcellssurviveattheselemperalures,butthosethatdohaveveryhighmetabolic(新陳代謝的)rates.*4Itwasastonishinglyhigh,“saysTrcudc.Thissurprisedtheteambecauseitisthe44ofwhathasbeenfoundinshallowersediments,whereitismuchcolder.Microbesare45there,buttheirmetabolismsareextremelyslowandindividualmicrobesmightlivefbrmillionsofyears.At120℃,(hehealisdoingalolofdamagetocells,somicrobesmayneedhighmetabolismstogenerateenoughenergytorepairthisdamage.Itisa(n)46tostayalive,saysTreude.Itisn'tclearwhattheseheat-loving,orthermophilic,microbesare,astheteamwasunableto47theirDNA.Norisitclearhowtheycametobeinthesediments,giventhatthiswouldhavebeenaverycoldenvironmentforalongtimeafterthesedimentsthatthesamplescamefromwerefirst48.However,afewthermophilicmicrobeswouldhavebeenpresentwhenthesedimentsweredeposited,andtheymayhavesomehow49untiltemperaturesbegancoriseduetobeing50undermorematerial,saysteammemberFelixBeuligalAarhusUniversityinDenmark.Asthetemperaturesrose,allthemicrobesthatweren't5]ofheatwouldgraduallyhavediedoff,saysteammemberFlorianSchubertattheGermanResearchCentrefbrGeosciencesinPotsdam,"Themicrobesthatcannot52,theyjustdie,^^hesays.PatrickForterreatthePasteurInstituteinParissaysthatwhilethereare53resultsshowingmicrobegrowthat106℃,nobodyhasbeenabletoexactlycopythetwolabstudiesclaiminggrowthat122°C."It'sverydifficultto54theuppertemperaturelimit,“hesays.Heistherefore55oftheideaofmicrobeslivingnormallyat120℃,buthedocsthinkitispossiblethattheycouldsomehowsunivcandbecameactiveagainatlowertemperatures.41.A.lifeB.energyC.bacteriaD.voyage42.A.(hinkB.researchC.practiseD.drill43.A.spreadB.figureC.separateD.reach44.A.oppositeB.evidenceC.coincidenceD.resemblance45.A.moderateB.existentC.swiftD.plentiful46.A.gameB.approachC.raceD.solution47.A.explodeB.identifyC.locateD.attack48.A.formedB.depositedC.taggedD.covered49.A.stuckonB.movedawayC.diedoffD.runout50.A.exposedB.removedC.buriedD.washed51.A.tolerantB.afraidC.tiredD.careful52.A.translateB.adaptC.escapeD.furnish53.A.variousB.falseC.reliableD.different54.A.passB.breakC.outstepD.determine55.A.capableB.doubtfulC.sickD.ignorant【答案】41.A42.D43.C44.A45.D46.C47.B48.B49.A50.C51.A52.B53.C54.D55.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，主要講的是科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)，?些微生物可以存活到12CTC甚至更高的溫度。這一發(fā)現(xiàn)表明，海底沉積物中的生命可以在比之前認(rèn)為的更高的溫度下生存。[41題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我認(rèn)為只要有微生物可以利用的能量，生命就會找到一條出路。A.life生命；B.energy能量;C.bacteria細(xì)菌;D.voyage航行。由上文的°whereverthere'senergythatcanbeexploitedbymicroorganisms”和后文的“thereislifeatevenhighertemperatures”可知,句子表示“只要有微生物可以利用的能量，生命就會找到一條出路”，故選A?？疾閯釉~詞義辨析。句意：唯一的辦法就是阿I去再往深處鉆。A.ihink思考；B.research研究；C.practise練習(xí)；D.drill鉆孔。由后文的“deeper”可知，此處表示往深處鉆，故選D。43題詳解】考杳動詞詞義辨析。句意：研究人員還能夠使用一種特殊的設(shè)備分離和計數(shù)細(xì)胞。A.spread傳播；B.figure理解,弄懂;C.separate分開;D.reach到達(dá)。由后文的"andcountcellsusingaspecialdevice”可知,研究人員使用一種特殊的設(shè)備分離和計數(shù)細(xì)胞，故選C?！?4題詳解】考杳名詞詞義辨析。句意：這讓研究小組感到驚訝，因為這與在較冷的淺層沉積物中發(fā)現(xiàn)的情況相反。A.opposite對立的人（或物）；B.evidence證據(jù)；C.coincidence巧合；D.resemblance相似之處。由上文的“Together,thefindingsshowthatrelativelyfewcellssurviveatthesetemperatures,butthosethatdohaveveryhighmetabolic（新陳代謝的）rates”和后文的“whereitismuchcolder”可知，這與在較冷的淺層沉積物中發(fā)現(xiàn)的情況相反，空格處意為“對立的人（或物）"，故選A?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：那里有大量的微生物，但它們的新陳代謝極其緩慢，單個微生物可能會存活數(shù)百萬年。A.moderate溫和的；B.existent現(xiàn)存的；C.swift快速的；D.plentiful大量的。由后文的“individualmicrobes”可知，此處表示“那里有大量的微生物”，故選D?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：特魯?shù)抡f，生存是■場賽跑。A.game游戲：B.approach方法；C.race賽跑；D.solution解決辦：去。由上文umicrobesmayneedhighmetabolismstogenerateenoughenergytorepairthisdamage”可知，微生物可能需要高代謝來產(chǎn)生足夠的能量來修復(fù)這種損傷，因此這是一場賽跑，故選C。【47題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：目前還不清楚這些喜熱或嗜熱的微生物是什么，因為研究團(tuán)隊無法識別它們的DNA。A.explode爆炸；B.identify識別；C.locate定位；D.attack攻擊。由上文的“Ilisn'tclearwhattheseheat-loving,orthermophilic,microbesaren可知，研究團(tuán)隊無法識別它們的DNA,所以目前還不清楚這些喜熱或嗜熱的微生物是什么，故選B。【48題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：也不清楚它們是如何出現(xiàn)在沉積物中的，因為在這些樣本所來自的沉積物第一次沉積下來之后，很長一段時間里，環(huán)境都非常寒冷。A.formed形成；B.deposited沉積；C.tagged給……貼標(biāo)簽;D.covered覆蓋。由上文的“thesedimentsthatthesamplescamefrom”和下一段的“thesedimentsweredeposited”可知，此處表示沉積物的沉積，故選B?？疾閯釉~短語辨析。句意：然而，丹麥奧胡斯大學(xué)的研究小組成員菲利克斯?貝尤利格說，當(dāng)沉積物沉積時，一些嗜熱微生物可能已經(jīng)存在了，由于被埋在更多的物質(zhì)下，它們可能以某種方式粘在上面，直到溫度開始上升。A.stuckon貼t.；B.movedaway移開;C.diedoff相繼死亡;D.runout用完。由上文的“afewthermophilicmicrobeswouldhavebeenpresent”可知,當(dāng)沉積物沉積時,一些嗜熱微生物可能已經(jīng)存在了?以某種方式粘在上面，故選A?！?0題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，丹麥奧胡斯大學(xué)的研究小組成員菲利克斯?貝尤利格說，當(dāng)沉積物沉積時，一些嗜熱微生物可能已經(jīng)存在了，由于被埋在更多的物質(zhì)下，它們可能以某種方式粘在上面，直到溫度開始上升。A.exposed暴露：B.removed去除；C.buried埋葬；D.washed洗。由后文的"undermorematerialv可知，此處表示“埋在更多的物質(zhì)下”，故選C。(51題詳解】考杳形容詞詞義辨析。句意：波茨坦德國地球科學(xué)研究中心的研究小組成員弗洛里安?舒伯特說，隨著溫度的上升，所有不能耐受高溫的微生物都會逐漸死亡。A.tolerant忍受的;B.afraid害怕的；C.tired累的；D.careful仔細(xì)的。由后文的“graduallyhavediedoff"可知，此處表示不能耐受高溫的微生物都會逐漸死亡,空格處意為“忍受的”，故選A?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：微生物不能適應(yīng)，它們就會死亡。A.iranslate翻譯;B.adapi適應(yīng)；C.escape逃跑:D.furnish為(房間或房屋)配備家具。由上文的“allthemicrobesthatweren't11ofheatwouldgraduallyhavediedoff”可知,微生物不能適應(yīng),它們就會死亡,故選B。[53題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：巴黎巴斯德研究所(PasteurInstitute)的帕特里克?福泰爾(PatrickForterre)表示，雖然有可靠的結(jié)果顯示微生物在106。(2下生長，但沒有人能夠完全復(fù)制兩項聲稱微生物在122。(3下生長的實(shí)驗室研究。A.various各種各樣的;B.false錯誤的;C.reliable可靠的；D.的fferenl不同的。由后文的"nobodyhasbeenableloexactlycopy(hetwolabstudiesclaiminggrowthat122℃v可知,句子表示“雖然有可?靠的結(jié)果顯示微生物在106℃下生長，但沒有人能夠完全復(fù)制兩項聲稱微生物在122℃下生長的實(shí)驗室研究”，故選C?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意:很難確定溫度上限。A.pass經(jīng)過;B.break打破；C.outstep超過；D.determine決定，確定。由上文的“nobodyhasbeenabletoexactlycopythetwolabstudiesclaiminggrowthat1220C”和下文的"theuppertemperaturelimit"可知，句子表示“很難確定溫度上限”,故選D?？疾樾稳菰~詞義辨析。句意：因此，他對微生物在I2(rc下正常生存的想法持懷疑態(tài)度，但他認(rèn)為它們有可能在更低的溫度下以某種方式存活并再次活躍起來。A.capable有能力的；B.doublful懷疑的：C.sick病的：D.ignorant無知的。由后文的“hedoesthinkitispossiblethattheycouldsomehowsurviveandbecameactiveagainatlowerlemperalures.”可知，句子表示“他對微生物在120℃卜正常生存的想法持懷疑態(tài)度”，故選B。SectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)Iusedtoprocrastinate(keepleavingthingsthatshouldbedoneuntillater).Yearsago,aneighborkidkickedafootballandshatteredasmallbasementwindowofourhouse.Wewereafamilyofsixlivingonasmallsalaryatthetime,so1boardeditup,thinkingI'dgettoitsomeday.However,theframewasrustedshut.Icouldn'tfixit.Overtheyears,Tdsometimesgetestimatesfromwindowpanies.Theplanwastoupgradetoenergy-efficientwindowsforthewholehouse.$15,000.Itwassimplyoutofreach.Onecontractorexplainedthatwhoeverreplaceditwouldneedtocutandshapebyhand,alabor-intensiveandexpensiveprocess.Honestly,thethoughtofthatwindowateatmeforyears.EverytimeIwentdownthere,everytimeIwenttothehardwarestore,itkepttroublingme.IknewIneededtoaddressit,butIhadbuiltuptheprocess(andtheprice)somuchinmymindthatIwasunabletoact.Thenmywifehadajobchange,andweneededtomove.Apotentialbuyercouldn'tgetaloanonthepropertyiftherewasabrokenwindow.SoIpulledoff(heboardstofacethisthinghead-on.Ithadbeenatleast5years.Igrabbedsomerustremover,sprayedallaround(herustedframe,andgaveitastrongpull.Tomyastonishment,i(movedforthefirst(ime.Ipulledthewindowoutandtookitdowntown.Itwasa$12fix.Icouldhavefixedtheproblemfor$12thesamedayithappened.ButIletithauntmeforyears,shuttingoutlightandlettinginbugs.Itdidn'tneedtobethemostefficient.Itjustneededtobeawindow.OK,thisisn'treallyaboutmywindow.1meanthestoryistrue,butit'salsoadecentfable.Manyofus,especiallythosewithanxiety,tendtolivewithbrokenwindowsofonetypeoranotherforyears.AfterIpostedmystoryonline,manysharedtheirstorieswithme.Onemenied,“Thisremindedmeofastatement,4Wesuflermoreinimaginationthaninreality.Anotherresponded,uThisiswhymybusinesspartnertellsme,'Perfectistheenemyofdone.'"Stepforward,andyou'llfindasolution.ByNathanHoweWhydidtheauthordelayfixingthebrokenwindowforyears?Hedevelopedatolerantattitude.Hewasconvincedthatthewindowwasbeyondrepair.Hethoughttherewasnoharmifleavingthewindowbroken.Hebelievedthewholeprocesstobetroublesomeandexpensive.Whatdoestheauthormeanby“thethoughtofthatwindowateatme”inParagraph3?A.1(frightenedmeterribly.B.Itpuzzledmedeeply.C.Itmotivatedmeslightly.D.Itworriedmecontinuously.Whatfinallyledtotheauthor'sdeterminationtodealwiththewindow?Hiswife'sjobswitching.Thesupereffectiverustremover.Theobstacletogettingthehousesold.Thewindow'slettinginbugsbutnotlight.Whichof(hefollowingadviceistheauthorunlikelytoshareonline?Youdon'thavetofixitallnow;juststartbystarting.Makealistofthethingsyouareputtingoffandstartwiththehardest.Doingthethingisoftenlesspainfulthanthinkingaboutdoingthething.Animperfectsolutionnowisbetterthanaperfectonethatwillneverhappen.【答案】56.D57.D58.C59.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文，主要介紹的是作者本可以在家里窗戶發(fā)生問題的當(dāng)天花12美元修好，但是卻一直拖延，讓這個問題困擾自己很多年，作者覺得事情發(fā)生時，應(yīng)該勇敢向前，解決問題?！?6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的“Overtheyears,Tdsometimesgetestimatesfromwindowpanies.Theplanwastoupgradetoenergy-efficientwindowsforthewholehouse.$15,000.Itwassimplyoutofreach.Onecontractorexplainedthatwhoeverreplaceditwouldneedtocutandshapebyhand,alabor-intensiveandexpensiveprocess.(這些年來，我有時會從櫥窗公司得到一些估算。計劃是將整棟房子的窗戶升級為節(jié)能窗戶。15000美元。費(fèi)用太高了。一位承包商解釋說，無論是誰來替換它，都需要手工切割和定型，這是一個勞動密集型和昂貴的過程。)”可知，作者多年來遲遲沒有修好那扇破窗戶是因為他認(rèn)為整個過程既麻煩又昂貴。故選D。詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第三段的“EverytimeIwentdownthere,everytimeIwenttothehardwarestore,itkeptiroublingme.（每次我去那里，每次我去五金店，它一直困擾著我。）”可知，這個問題一直讓作者擔(dān)心，因此“Ihethoughtofthatwindowatea（me”的意思是“Itworriedmecontinuously（它一直讓我擔(dān)心）”，故選Do【58題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段的"Thenmywifehadajobchange,andweneededtomove.Apotentialbuyercouldn'tgetaloanonthepropertyiftherewasabrokenwindow.（后來我妻子換了工作，我們需要搬家。如果房子的窗戶破了，潛在買家就無法獲得貸款。）”可知，最終讓作者下定決心處理窗戶的原因是這個窗戶成了把房子賣出去的障礙。故選C?！?9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第四段的"hdidn'tneedtobethemostefficient.Itjustneededtobeawindow.（它不需要是最高效的。它只是需要,扇窗。）”可知，A項“Youdon*havetofixitallnow;juststartbystarting.（你不需要現(xiàn)在就去解決所有的問題，只需要從頭開始。）”可能是作者在網(wǎng)上會分享的建議，根據(jù)最后一段的“Stepfbrward,andyoullfindasolution.（向前一步，你會找到解決辦法的。）可知，作者認(rèn)為不要總是想，要去做,因此C項uDoingthethingisoftenlesspainfulthanthinkingaboutdoingthething.（做這件事通常沒有想做這件事那么痛苦。）”可能是作者在網(wǎng)上會分享的建議，根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的“AfterIpostedmystoryonline,manysharedtheirstorieswithme.Onemented,"Thisremindedmeofastatement,"Wesuffermoreinimaginationthaninreality.'"Anotherresponded,uThisiswhymybusinesspartnertellsme,4Perfectistheenemyofdone.’"（在我把我的故事發(fā)布到網(wǎng).上后，許多人與我分享了他們的故事。有人評論說：“這讓我想起了一句話，'我們在想象中承受的痛苦比在現(xiàn)實(shí)中承受的要多。'”另一位回答說，“這就是為什么我的商業(yè)伙伴告訴我，'完美是完成的敵人。'"）”可知，D項“Animperfectsolutionnowisbetterthanaperfectonethatwillneverhappen.（一個不完美的解決方案總比一個永遠(yuǎn)不會發(fā)生的完美方案要好。）”可能是作者在網(wǎng)上會分享的建議，因此作者不太可能在網(wǎng)上分享的建議是B選項“Makealistofthethingsyouarcputtingoffandstartwiththehardest.（列出你正在拖延的事情，從最難的開始。）”，故選B。(B)JWORLDBANKGROUPJWORLDBANKGROUPJWORLDBANKGROUPJWORLDBANKGROUPTheWorldBankGroup(WBG),headquarteredinWashingtonDC,haslaunchedaglobalsearchfbrtheSeniorVicePresident&GroupGeneralCounsel.Asoneoftheworld,slargestsourcesof【答案】B【解析】［原文］M:JerryandIhavedecidedtogocampingintherainforestthissummerholiday.W:Areyoucrazy?Whydon'tyougiveitasecondthought?Q:Whatisthewoman'sattitudetowardstheman'splan?.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】A.Shehadherlegbroken.B.Shelostherwalkingstick.C.Shewaslatewithherassignment.D.ShelostcontactwithLisa.【答案】A【解析】［原文］W:Howisyoursister?Iamtoooccupiedinthedeadline-drivenassignmentthesedaystocontacther.M:Muchbetter.Thanks,Lisa.Sheisoffthewalkingsticknow.Q:Whatprobablyhappenedtotheman'ssister?.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Thewomandidn'tthinkhighlyofthefilm.Themandidn'tlikethefilmbutthewomandid.Themanmissedthefilmbecauseofthewoman.Themansawthefilmupontheadviceofthewoman.【答案】D【解析】［原文］W:Well,youarebackfromthecinema.Howdidyoulikethefilm?M:1(waswellworth(heticket.Butforyourremendation,Iwouldhavemissedit.Q:Whatcanweleamfromtheman'sremarks?.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Itisrathercoolinthelecturehall.Noonewillbeabletoseewhatheiswearing.Heexpectstheweathertochangelaterintheday.Theairconditionerinthelecturehalldoesn'twork.【答案】A【解析】［原文］W:That'sanawfullyheavysweaterfbradayliketoday.developmentassistanceandglobalexpertknowledgefordevelopingcountries,theWBGbrings16,000expertsindiversefieldstoworkinmorethan100developingeconomieswithtwingoalsofendingextremepovertyandpromotingsharedprosperity.Inthatcontext,theWBGislookingforaleadertooverseetheWBG'sLegalVicePresidencywithastrongmitmenttodevelopmentandidentificationwithWBGinstitutionalvaluesofcollaboration,respect,diversityandinclusion.Onthisposition,youareexpectedtobring:IntellectualleadershipandsubstantiallegalexpertiseindevisinginnovativesolutionstoenabletheWBGtomeetitsdevelopmentalobjectivesandchallenges.Deepunderstandingofinternationallawandtheplexgeopoliticallandscapeincludingknowledgeoftheglobaldevelopmentagenda.,Strongleadershipexperiencewithatrackrecordofdeveloping,inspiringandempoweringmulticulturalteamswithinplexorganizations.,Strongmunicationskillsandabilitytobuildrelationshipswithallstakeholders(月殳東)andworkcooperativelyacrosstheWBG.TheSeniorVicePresident&GroupGeneralCounselwillreporttotheWBGPresidentandserveontheSeniorLeadershipTeamtoensurethesuccessoftheWBGinfulfillingitsmissionsinasustainableway.ThepositionisbasedinWashington,DC.Applicationsshouldbesubmittedby31stMarch2022.Inthepursuitofexcellence,theWBGcontinuallyemploysqualifiedindividualswithdiversebackgroundsfromaround(heglobeandisanequalopportunityandinclusiveemployerandencouragesdiversecandidatestoapply.Whichofthefollowingcanbestserveasthetitleofthispassage?CallforBankingTalentsLookingForwardtoYourArrivalAccess(oaOnce-in-a-lifeOpportunityWanted:SeniorVicePresident&GroupGeneralCounselWhatisthemiddlepartofthisadvertisementabout?A.Termsandconditions.B.Rightsandduties.C.Responsibilitiesandqualifications.D.Expectationsandpersonalrecords.Whatcanbelearnedfromthispassage?EmployeeswithvariedculturalbackgroundsarerarelyseeninWBG.WBG'smissionissolelyconcernedwithboostingeconomyindevelopedcountries.Thepositionadvertisedattachesgreatimportancetolegalandgeographicalknowledge.ThepositioninvolvesworkingundertheWBGPresident'ssupervisionandintheteam.【答案】60.D61.C62.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。是世界銀行集團(tuán)招聘高級副總裁兼集團(tuán)總法律顧問的廣告?！?（）題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段第一句"TheWorldBankGroup（WBG）,headquarteredinWashingtonDC,haslaunchedaglobalsearchfortheSeniorVicePresident&GroupGeneralCounsel.（總部位于華盛頓特區(qū)的世界銀行集團(tuán)（WBG）已開始在全球范圍內(nèi)招聘高級副總裁兼集團(tuán)總法律顧問）”可知，本文是?篇招聘廣告，所以D項44Wanted:SeniorVicePresident&GroupGeneralCounsel（招聘:高級副總裁兼集團(tuán)總法律顧問）”是本文最好的標(biāo)題。故選D項。[61題詳解】推理判讀題。根據(jù)本文中間部分”?IntellectualleadershipandsubstantiallegalexpertiseindevisinginnovativesolutionstoenabletheWBGtomeetitsdevelopmentalobjectivesandchallenges.,Deepunderstandingofinternationallawandtheplexgeopoliticallandscapeincludingknowledgeoftheglobaldevelopmentagenda.,Strongleadershipexperiencewithatrackrecordofdeveloping,inspiringandempoweringmulticulturalteamswithinplexorganizations.*StronginunicationskillsandabilitytobuildrelationshipswithallstakeholdersandworkcooperativelyacrosstheWBG.（?在制定創(chuàng)新解決方案方面發(fā)揮智慧領(lǐng)導(dǎo)力和豐富的法律專業(yè)知識，使世行集團(tuán)能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)其發(fā)展目標(biāo)和挑戰(zhàn)。?深刻理解國際法和復(fù)雜的地緣政治格局，了解全球發(fā)展議程。?具有豐富的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)經(jīng)驗，在復(fù)雜的組織中發(fā)展、激勵和授權(quán)多元文化團(tuán)隊。?具有較強(qiáng)的溝通能力，能夠與所有股東建立良好的關(guān)系，并在整個世行集團(tuán)內(nèi)開展合作。）“可知，中間部分是對應(yīng)聘者職責(zé)和資格的要求。故選C項?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)表格最后部分的第一段“TheSeniorVicePresident&GroupGeneralCounselwillreporttotheWBGPresidentandserveontheSeniorLeadershipTeamtoensurethesuccessoftheWBGinfulfillingitsmissionsinasustainableway.（高級副行長兼集團(tuán)總法律顧問將向世行集團(tuán)行長匯報匚作，并加入世行集團(tuán)高級領(lǐng)導(dǎo)團(tuán)隊，以確保世行集團(tuán)以可持續(xù)的方式成功完成其使命）”可知，該職位需要在世界銀行行長的監(jiān)督下在團(tuán)隊中工作。故選D項。(C)WhenCarolynKurlefirstvisitedAlaska'sHawadaxIsland,thenknownasRatIsland,sheimmediatelynoticedthesilence.tkWhenyou'reonanislandihal'sneverhadrats,it'sjustlikebirdseverywhere—it'sreallyloud,“shesays."Sowhenyougettoanislandthatdoeshaverats,youreallynoticebecauseit'scacophonyversusquiet.,,NowadaysHawadaxisonceagainanoisyplace.Roughlyadecadeafterasuccessfulefforttoridtheislandofitspredatoryrodents（捕食性嚙齒動物），amassofseabirdshasreturned.Andthebenefitshaveextendedacrosstheisland'sentireseashoreecosystem,whichisagainfullofdiverselife.Thesefindings,publishedinScientificReports,showthatcertainecosystemscanrecoverwithsurprisingspeedifgiventhechance.“Thisstudyisanexampleofsomethingpositive（hatcanhappenwhenwehumanstakeactiontocleanupafterourselves,5,saysKurle,whoisleadauthorofthestudyandaconservationecologistattheUniversityofCalifornia,SanDiego.uItalsohighlightshoweverythingisinterlinked,especiallyincoastalsystems.”ThegreedyrodentscolonizedHawadaxafteraJapaneseshipwreckinthe1780s.andtheyquicklywipedoutseabirdmunities.Kurlc'sfirstfindings,publishedin2008,showedthattheratsaffectednotjustbirdsbuttheentirefoodchain-allthewaydowntoalgae（藻類）.Withoutbirdstoeatseashoreinvertebrates（無脊椎動物），populationsofsnailsandotherspeciesfeedingonplantsexplodedandconsumedmuchofthemarinekelp（巨藻）,whichprovidescrucialhabitatfbrotherorganisms.t4Certaininvasivespeciescanhaveimpactsbeyondthosethataremostobvious,MKurlesays.ThoseearlyfindingsinspiredtheU.S.FishandWildlifeService,inpartnershipwithTheNatureConservancyandIslandConservation,towipeouttheratsbydroppingpoisononHawadax.Kurleandhercolleaguessecuredfundingtosurveytheisland5and11yearsaftertakingtheaction.TheyfoundthatitsecosystemhadsteadilyrecoveredandnowresemblesthatofotherAleutianIslandsthatwereneverinvadedbyrats,withsignificantlyfewermarineinvertebratesandmuchmorekelpcover.“Veryfewrat-eradicationprojectshavefocusedontheimpactonmarineecosystems,sotheHawadaxIslandcaseisreallynoteworthy,saysUniversityofTennessee.Knoxville,ecologistDanielSimberloff,whowasnotinvolvedinthestudy."Thisisaverycool,elegantresultfromanacademicecology