賓語從句復(fù)習(xí)

會(huì)計(jì)學(xué)1賓語從句復(fù)習(xí)LearningAims1Learnaboutwhattheobjectiveclauseisandthentellwhichsentencesaretheobjectiveclausesfromthepassage.2Graspthethreekeypointsoftheobjectiveclause.3Tobeabletodoallkindsofexercisesabouttheobjectiveclause.第1頁/共39頁Haveadiscussioningroup1IloveEnglish.2Didyourememberhisname?3Thesewordsareveryeasy.5Itwokeeverybodyup.6Itwaswrongtopullleavesoffplants.7I’llencouragehertoworkharderathislessons.8Whathappenedinourschoolyesterday?第2頁/共39頁

We

know

him．

We

know

helikesEnglish.主s主s謂v謂v賓o賓o賓語從句就是賓語由一個(gè)句子來構(gòu)成的.主s謂v賓o簡單句復(fù)合句一

什么是賓語從句？試比較第3頁/共39頁

賓語從句是主從復(fù)合句的一種。主從復(fù)合句是由一個(gè)主句和一個(gè)或一個(gè)以上的從句構(gòu)成的。主句是復(fù)合句的主體，從句僅僅是主句的一個(gè)成分，它從屬于主句，不能獨(dú)立。從句在全句中充當(dāng)什么成分，就叫什么從句。賓語從句當(dāng)中的從句在全句中作賓語。了解賓語從句第4頁/共39頁DoyouknowwhoisthefirstChineseastronaut(宇航員)?Ourteachertoldusthattheearthgoesaroundthesun.

Pleasetellme

whereshehasgone.Idon’tknowifhewillcometonight.Let’sfindoutwhat’sontonight.FindouttheObjectClauses

WeareproudofthatBeijingisoneofthebiggestcitiesintheworld.第5頁/共39頁Theteacherasked

Iwaslatetoday.Doyoustillremember

hesaidinthemeeting?Doyouknow

theyarewaitingfor?Canyoutellme

countryyouarefrom,AmericaorEngland?Ireallywanttoknow

yourhometownis.Nooneknows

theyopenedthebox.what,which,who,whom,when,why,where,how,whatever,whoever…whywhatwhom/whowhichwherehow第6頁/共39頁2.由連接代詞Who,whom,whose,which,what和連接副詞where,how,why,when引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。這些連詞既有詞義又充當(dāng)句子成份。e.g.1)Doyouknowwhosebookitis?（誰的，作定語）2)Couldyoutellmewhythetrainislate?（為什么，作狀語）3)Heaskedwhocouldanswerthequestion.（誰，作主語）注：that在句中無詞義，在從句中不能充當(dāng)句子成分，在口語中往往被省略。e.g.Ihear(that)

hewillbebackinanhour.1.由從屬連詞that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句二.賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞第7頁/共39頁3.由從屬連詞whether,if引導(dǎo)的賓語從句e.g.Iwanttoknowif/whethersheisright.Theydidn’tknowwhetherTomcouldcomebackornot.if/whether引導(dǎo)賓語從句表示“是否”之義，在句中不充當(dāng)句子成份。if/whether可互換,但whether…ornot為固定搭配.看一看：Idon’tknowifitwillraintomorrow.Ifitrains,I’llstayathome.Iwanttoknowwhenhewillcomeback.Whenhecomesback,pleasetellme.想一想：when和if可以引導(dǎo)什么從句？它們的時(shí)態(tài)有什么特點(diǎn)？when和if既可以引導(dǎo)賓語從句，也可以引導(dǎo)狀語從句。在賓語從句中，時(shí)態(tài)根據(jù)需要確定；在狀語從句中，遵循主將從現(xiàn)的原則。第8頁/共39頁HelensaysthatshewilllearnFrenchnextyear.

Doyouknowwherehecomesfrom?

HeaskedmeifIcouldgettothebusstationontime.三.賓語從句的語序無論主句是陳述句還是疑問句，賓語從句都是運(yùn)用陳述句的語序，即是“主語在前，謂語在后”的順序。第9頁/共39頁四.賓語從句中時(shí)態(tài)的變化Ihear(that)Jim

(be)

aworkertwoyearsago.Jim

(be)anEnglishteachernow.

Jim(cook)dinnertomorrow.Jim(sing)apopularsongnow.Jim(be)totheGreatWalltwice.Jim(play)basketballwhenhisfathercameback.Jim

(learn)1000Chinesewordsbytheendoflastsemester.

填一填wasiswillcookissinginghasbeenwasplayinghadlearned1.當(dāng)主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，賓語從句的時(shí)態(tài)不作限制，我們可以根據(jù)句子的需要使用任何一種時(shí)態(tài)。（需要性原則）第10頁/共39頁2.當(dāng)主句是一般過去時(shí)的時(shí)候，賓語從句必須運(yùn)用相應(yīng)的過去的某一種時(shí)態(tài)，從而達(dá)到主句和從句的相互一致。（呼應(yīng)性原則）1)HewillgotoHongKong.2)Heissick.3)Heisreadingabook.4)Hehasfinishedhiswork.1)HetoHongKong.2)Hesick.3)He

abook.4)HeHesaid辨一辨wouldgo

waswasreading

hiswork.hadfinished第11頁/共39頁確定從句的時(shí)態(tài)(根據(jù)主句時(shí)態(tài))主句時(shí)態(tài)從句時(shí)態(tài)連接前連接后一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)時(shí)態(tài)保持不變一般過去時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般過去時(shí)一般過去時(shí)一般過去時(shí)一般將來時(shí)過去將來時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)haddone第12頁/共39頁3.當(dāng)賓語從句說明的是客觀存在的事實(shí)或者是客觀存在的真理時(shí)，就不用受到主句時(shí)態(tài)的限制，仍是用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。（特殊性原則）Hetoldme(that)SummerisafterSpring.Iwastold(that)thesunismuchbiggerthanthemoon.

Myparentstoldme(that)nonewsisgoodnews.比一比,想一想第13頁/共39頁1．could/would是委婉語氣，而不是過去式，因此賓語從句的時(shí)態(tài)根據(jù)實(shí)際情況用不同時(shí)態(tài)。注意事項(xiàng)Couldyoupleasetellmewherewe_______ourtickets?(show)Wouldyouliketoknowwhenhe_________back?

(come)showwillcome第14頁/共39頁引導(dǎo)詞陳述句(主+v/主+adj.):

特殊疑問句:

一般疑問句:祈使句:

先____后_____(that)

特殊疑問詞如what/where/when/who/howmuch/howmany...

if/whethertell/asksb.(not)todo.主謂語序時(shí)態(tài)賓語從句

三要素主句為現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句的時(shí)態(tài)根據(jù)_________而定。

主句為過去時(shí)，從句的時(shí)態(tài)用___________時(shí)態(tài)。實(shí)際情況相應(yīng)的過去第15頁/共39頁主句時(shí)態(tài)從句時(shí)態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、一般將來時(shí)、祈使句時(shí)根據(jù)句意的需要用任意一種時(shí)態(tài)一般過去時(shí)與原句相對應(yīng)的過去的時(shí)態(tài)客觀事實(shí)、真理、自然現(xiàn)象、名言警句、諺語等一律用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)3.從句的時(shí)態(tài)必須和主句保持一致。注意：第16頁/共39頁correctourmistakes第17頁/共39頁曾老師問他為什么遲到了。MissZengaskedwhywashelateforschool。2.我不知道他昨天做了什么事情。Idon’tknowwhatdidhedoyesterday.3.晏主任問她怎么了。DirectorYanaskedwhatthematterwaswithher.4.何老師說過月亮繞著地球轉(zhuǎn)。MissHesaidthatthemoonmovedroundtheearth第18頁/共39頁5.我有信心你們明天一定考得好。I’mconfidentthatyouwilldowellintheexamtomorrow.6.他們不確定明天是否轉(zhuǎn)冷。Theyareuncertainthatifitwillturncoldornottomorrow.第19頁/共39頁1.MissZengaskedwhywashelateforschool.(集英社）語序必須先主語后謂語。主句為過去時(shí)，從句的時(shí)態(tài)用相應(yīng)的過去時(shí)態(tài)。2.Idon’tknowwhatdidhedoyesterday.（WarmHome)hewasa.賓語從句的助動(dòng)詞要去掉.

主句為現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句出現(xiàn)yesterday的過去時(shí)間，因此從句用過去時(shí)。hedid第20頁/共39頁3.DirectorYanaskedwhatthematterwaswithher.4.MissHesaidthatthemoonwentroundtheearth.whatwasthematterwithhergoes

從句內(nèi)容為真理時(shí)，從句的時(shí)態(tài)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。what在這里既做引導(dǎo)詞，也做主語。仍用疑問句語序。who..,whichis…同理。第21頁/共39頁5.I’mconfidentthatyouwilldowellintheexamtomorrow.whetherb.只能用whether:(1)與

ornot連用(2)不定式前：whether+todo(3)介詞

+whether…6.Theyareuncertainthatifitwillturncoldornottomorrow.主語+形容詞，賓語從句用that引導(dǎo).a.賓語從句不能同時(shí)用兩個(gè)引導(dǎo)詞?！痰?2頁/共39頁AttentionIaskedher__________shehadabike.We’reworriedabout________heissafe.Idon’tknow_________hehasrecoveredornot.Hecan’tdecide

tostay.if/

whetherwhetherwhetherwhether第23頁/共39頁whetherorif?Letmeknow_______youcancomeornot.Iwonder________Icangetsomeadvicefromyou.Idon’tknow________toacceptorrefuse.whetherwhether/ifwhether第24頁/共39頁當(dāng)主句的謂語動(dòng)詞是think,believe,suppose,expect等時(shí)，從句的否定要轉(zhuǎn)移到主句中。Idon'tthinksheisright.我認(rèn)為她不對。我相信他不會(huì)通過考試。注意三：否定轉(zhuǎn)移Idon’tbelievehewillpasstheexam.第25頁/共39頁否定轉(zhuǎn)移在含有賓語從句的主從復(fù)合句中，當(dāng)主句的主語為第一人稱，謂語動(dòng)詞是think，believe,guess,suppose等時(shí)，要將從句的否定詞轉(zhuǎn)移到主句中，即主句的謂語動(dòng)詞用否定式，賓語從句的謂語動(dòng)詞用肯定式。

eg:(5)Idon’tthinkhewillcomewithyou.

注意：這種句子在其后接附加問句時(shí)，要特別小心。

eg:(6)Idon’tbelievehehasfinishedthework,________?(7)HeknewwhyJimwasn’tatschool,___________?

解析：例6，當(dāng)主句的主語為第一人稱時(shí)，附加問句的主語由賓語從句的主語充當(dāng)。例7，如果主句的主語非第一人稱時(shí)，則附加問句的主語由主句的主語充當(dāng)。hashedidn’the第26頁/共39頁1.Someoneisringingthedoorbell.Goandsee_______.A.whoishe

B.whoheis

C.whoisit

D.whoitis2.Canyoumakesure_______thegoldring?A.whereAlicehadput

B.wherehadAliceputC.whereAlicehasput

D.wherehasAliceput

即時(shí)練習(xí)第27頁/共39頁1.--Canyoumakesure_______?--Sorry,Ican’t.ButIsawherjustnow.A.wheredidshegoB.whereshehadgoneC.whereshehasgoneD.wherewillshego

2.Iwantedtoknow_________.A.whatdidshesayB.whydoesshegotobedlateC.whyshewenttobedlateD.whyshegoestobedlateCC第28頁/共39頁3.Heisnotsure_______towatchTVorgotobed.A.ifB.whetherC.thatD./4.Idon’tknow_______hewillcomeornot.A.ifB.whetherC.thatD./BB第29頁/共39頁5.--Idon’tknowifhe_____toKate’sbirthdayparty.--He’ssuretogoifhe______.A.goes,knowsB.willgo,knowsC.goes,willknowD.go,know6.Sheaskedthedoctor______keephealthy.A.howtoB.howcouldsheC.howshecouldD.howcansheB是否假如A.C賓語從句與特殊疑問詞+不定式可互換。第30頁/共39頁howtodoit與whattodo的區(qū)別D

7.--Couldyoutellme_________?--It’snexttothepostoffice.A.wherethesupermarketisB.whereisthesupermarketC.wherewasthesupermarketD.wherethesupermarketwasAcould表示委婉的語氣,不是過去時(shí)8.Couldyoutellme___________it.A.whatcanIdoB.howcanIdoC.whattodoD.howtodo特殊用法5第31頁/共39頁Theradiosaysit_________cloudytomorrow.(be)Theheadmasterhopeseverything______well.(go)Tomsaysthatthey____________(play)basketballatsixo’clockyesterdayevening.Ihearthey__________(return)italready.Heaskedwhatthey__________ateightlastnight.(do)Theteachertoldhisclassthatlight_______fasterthansound.(travel)Ithinkyou__________abouttherelayracenow.(talk)Ididn’tknowwhomtheletters_________from.(be)

willbe

goes

wereplaying

havereturned

travels

aretalking

were

weredoing第32頁/共39頁9.Ididn’tknowwhattimehe_______theletter.(write)10.MissWangtoldmethattheearth______(move)roundtheearth.11.Couldyoutellmewho_________awaythebookalready?(take)12.Ourteachertoldusinclassthesun_______intheeast.(rise)13.Canyoutellmewhatthey______yesterday?(do)

wrote

moves

hastakenrisesdid第33頁/共39頁將下列句子合并為一句:1.Wheredotheystopontheway?Iasked.2.Whatwillyouspeakatthemeeting?Couldyoutellme?3.Dotheyliketomakefrien