初中英語中考復(fù)習(xí) 01 動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)-沖刺2022年中考英語重難考點(diǎn)精講精練

英語時(shí)態(tài)專項(xiàng)總結(jié)練習(xí)

時(shí)態(tài)(Tense)是表示行為,動(dòng)作和狀態(tài)在各種時(shí)間條件下的動(dòng)詞形式.簡單地說,就是英語中在不同的時(shí)間條件下,謂語動(dòng)詞要作相應(yīng)的變化.初中英語中我們要學(xué)習(xí)8種時(shí)態(tài).一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí),一般過去時(shí),過去進(jìn)行時(shí),一般將來時(shí),現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),過去將來時(shí),過去完成時(shí).英語時(shí)態(tài)Summary一般現(xiàn)在時(shí):是指經(jīng)常,反復(fù),一直發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或行為及現(xiàn)在的某種狀況,比如現(xiàn)在的特征,愛好,習(xí)慣,能力等等.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)中如果謂語動(dòng)詞是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞時(shí),考慮三單變化,變否定句和疑問句用do/does幫忙.謂語動(dòng)詞是be動(dòng)詞I后am,三單is,其余are,謂語動(dòng)詞是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞不做變化.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)

動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)的變化規(guī)則:1.一般情況+s.eg.plays,picks,camps,stays,shouts,jumps,looks2.以s,x,sh,ch結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞+es.eg.brushes,teaches,fixes,guesses,finishes3.輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞,把y變i+es.

eg.study-studies,worry-worries

4.以o結(jié)尾的+es.eg.do-does.go-goes

一般過去時(shí)表過去進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作及行為或發(fā)生的事,我們用一般過去時(shí),除根據(jù)情境判斷外,用于一般過去時(shí)的標(biāo)志詞一般有:justnow,yesterday,thedaybeforeyesterday,…ago,last…等.一般過去時(shí)的句子中,謂語動(dòng)詞要變成相應(yīng)的過去式現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表現(xiàn)階段或說話時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作及行為,我們用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí),除根據(jù)情境判斷外,用于現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的標(biāo)志詞一般有:now,rightnow,atthistime,thesedays,listen,look在句首時(shí),atthemoment,atpresent等.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu):助動(dòng)詞be+doing(現(xiàn)在分詞)表示過去某一時(shí)刻或某一段時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作.除根據(jù)情境判斷外,用于過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的標(biāo)志詞一般有:atthattime,atthetimeof…,then,when/while時(shí)間狀語從句和過去的某個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)等.過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu):was/were+doing過去進(jìn)行時(shí)

動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞的變化規(guī)則:1.一般情況加ing.eg.reading,cleaning,talking,playing,helping,asking,looking2.不發(fā)音e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞去e加ing.eg.make-making,take-taking,have-having3.以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾,且結(jié)尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母的動(dòng)詞雙寫最后一個(gè)字母再加ing.

一般將來時(shí)表示將來某一時(shí)段的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài),或?qū)砟骋欢螘r(shí)間內(nèi)經(jīng)常的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài).除根據(jù)情境判斷外,用于一般將來時(shí)的標(biāo)志詞一般有:tomorrow,nextweek,inthefuture,inayear等.一般將來時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu):1.(助動(dòng)詞)will/shall+do2.begoingtodo3.bedoing過去將來時(shí)表示從過去的某一時(shí)間來看將來要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或呈現(xiàn)的狀態(tài),即出發(fā)點(diǎn)是過去.主要是根據(jù)情境判斷過去將來時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu):1.(助動(dòng)詞)would+do2.was/weregoingtodo3.was/weredoing4.was/wereabouttodo一.表示發(fā)生在過去,強(qiáng)調(diào)對現(xiàn)在造成影響或后果.二.發(fā)生在過去,并持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在.除根據(jù)情境判斷外,用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的標(biāo)志詞有:already,yet,never,ever,before,just等副詞和for+時(shí)間段,since/eversince(自從),since…ago,sofar等.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu):(助動(dòng)詞)have/has+動(dòng)詞過去分詞pp.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示在過去某個(gè)時(shí)間或某個(gè)動(dòng)作之前發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,他表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間是過去的過去.除根據(jù)情境判斷外,用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的標(biāo)志詞有:bytheendof+過去的時(shí)間點(diǎn),bythetime+從句,by+過去的時(shí)間點(diǎn),before+過去時(shí)從句等.過去完成時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu):(助動(dòng)詞)had+動(dòng)詞過去分詞(pp)過去完成時(shí)

動(dòng)詞過去式和過去分詞的變化規(guī)則:1.一般情況+ed.ked,picked,camped,stayed,shouted,jumped,looked2.不發(fā)音e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞+d.eg.moved,lived,closed,hoped,used3.以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾,且結(jié)尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母的動(dòng)詞雙寫最后一個(gè)字母再+ed.

eg.stopped,shopped4.輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞,把y變i+ed.

eg.study-studied,worry-worried

一部分動(dòng)詞過去式和過去分詞不規(guī)則,需要特殊記憶.

初中英語時(shí)態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般過去時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)一般將來時(shí)過去將來時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)意義經(jīng)常的,習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作表現(xiàn)在的性質(zhì),特點(diǎn),愛好發(fā)生在過去發(fā)生在此時(shí)此刻或這階段發(fā)生在過去的某個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)發(fā)生在將來發(fā)生在過去的將來發(fā)生在過去,強(qiáng)調(diào)對現(xiàn)在的影響,或一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在發(fā)生在過去的過去結(jié)構(gòu)is/am/are/do/does+v/can等+v過去式is/am/are+doingwas/were+doing1will+do2begoingto+do3be+doing1would+do2was/weregoingto+do3was/were+doinghas/have+pphad+pp一.選擇題:1.Look,myteacher_____tomyfriendTom.A.talksB.talkingC.istalking2.Tomdoesn'tplantoBeijingwithhissister,becausehe_______theretwice.A.went

B.hasbeenC.hasgone3.Everyoneintheneighborhood______apartincleaningthestreetyesterday.A.playedB.playdC.play4.Hesaidhe_______volunteerattheoldpeople'shomenextweekend.A.wasgoingtoB.isgoingtoC.will5.WhenIwentoutofmyhouse,he_________fortheschoolbus.A.waswaitingB.iswaitingC.haswaited6.BythetimeIgottotheparty,mostofmyfriend________.A.showedupB.haveshownupC.hadshownupCBAAA現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)標(biāo)志過去已經(jīng)去過兩次,對現(xiàn)在的影響是沒計(jì)劃去,現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),去某地已回來用havebeento一般過去時(shí)的標(biāo)志C一般將來時(shí)的標(biāo)志主句一般過去時(shí)+=過去將來時(shí)when引導(dǎo)的狀語從句一般過去時(shí),主句

通常過去進(jìn)

行時(shí)過去完成時(shí)的標(biāo)志Exercise一.選擇題:7.TheSmiths________tothemountainsunlessit______tomorrow.A.willgorainsB.willgowillrainC.goeswillrain8.Mary_________toHenryforthreeyears.A.marriedB.hasmarriedC.hasbeenmarried9.Thecleaningrobot________myfather1000yuan.A.costsB.costC.costed10.Hismotheralways_________himwithotherchildren.A.comparedB.comparingC.compares11.It_____apitythatonlysixpiecesofmusicintotal________recordedforfutureworldtohear.A.waswasB.iswereC.ishave12.What_____youusetodothatyou_____donow?A.diddon’tB.doaren’tC.werehaven’tACBCB一般將來時(shí)標(biāo)志引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的標(biāo)志,時(shí)間段謂語

動(dòng)詞要用延續(xù)性意義的詞A非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞已經(jīng)買完了,一般過去時(shí)+=主將從現(xiàn)過去式同原形一貫如此,一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),主語三單一直是遺憾，一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)只有六首曲子被流傳后世的事發(fā)生在過去,一般過去時(shí)usedtodo過去做某事,一般過去時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)標(biāo)志二.適當(dāng)形式填空:1.We____________(buy)manythingsinterestinglastweek.2.There____________(is)morerobotsin20years.3.Howmanyapples____we_______(need)tomakeapplepies.4.IrealizedI__________(leave)mybagathome,whenIgottoschool.5.IwanttoknowWhat_____________(happen)justknow.6.Tom________________(fight)withhisyoungerbrotherateightlastnight.7.Theteachersaidtheearth_______(run)aroundthesun.8.ThisisthebestmusicwhichI_______________(listen)to.9.Listen!Someone____________(shout)aloud.10.He___________(is)inShanghaisincethreeyearsago.11.She_________(finish)readingabookaboutrobotsthreedaysagoand______________(write)abookreportaboutitthedayaftertomorrow.boughtwillbedoneedhadleft一般過去時(shí)標(biāo)志一般將來時(shí)一般過去時(shí)標(biāo)志happened

主句一般過去式,過去的過去過去完成時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)標(biāo)志做蘋果派的平常需要蘋果量現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)標(biāo)

志主句是過去時(shí),但從句客觀真理,一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)

三單從過去到現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)一般過去時(shí)標(biāo)志現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)標(biāo)志wasfightingrunshavelistenedisshoutinghasbeenfinishedwillwrite一般將來時(shí)標(biāo)志二.適當(dāng)形式填空:12.Theoldman__________________(die)fortwomonths.13.She_____(is)interestinginscienceand________(love)toimaginewhattheworld_________(is)likeinthefuture.14.YesterdayI___________(sell)mytoys_____________(buy)forthirteenyears.15.He__________(meet)himtwicesofar.16.He__________________(sleep)whileBeibeiwasstudying.17.Wouldyoumindnotplayingthepiano?I____________________(memorize)words.18.Tom_________(join)theEnglishclublastyearand_______________(improve)hisEnglishalot.19.Tom_______(is)fromEnglandandhe________(speak)English.20.Whatareyou_______________(do)whenyougrowup?21.Hesaidhe___________(go)fishingifhe__________(finish)hiswork.hasbeendeadisloveswillbeammemorizing一般將來時(shí)標(biāo)志現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的標(biāo)志,時(shí)間段謂語動(dòng)詞要用延續(xù)

性意義的詞sold一般過去時(shí)標(biāo)志喜好,一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),三單兩事過去同時(shí)發(fā)生,主句跟從句都用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)標(biāo)志根據(jù)情境,現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)一般過去時(shí)標(biāo)志havehadhasmetwassleepingjoinedhasimprovedisspeaksgoingtodo根據(jù)情境,現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),從加入俱樂部到現(xiàn)在國籍,能力,一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般將來時(shí)begoingtodo結(jié)構(gòu)

引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句,主將從現(xiàn).wouldgofinished主句過去時(shí)三.句型轉(zhuǎn)換.1.Igetupateighto'clockeveryday.(改為否定句和一般疑問句)Idon'tgetupateighto'clockeveryday.Doyougetupateighto'clockeveryday?2.Hismotherallowshimtogooutontheweekend.(改為否定句和一般疑問句)Hismotherdoesn'tallowhimtogooutontheweekend.Doeshismotherallowhimtogooutontheweekend?3.Hesentthemouttoaskforhelpwhenintrouble.(改為否定句和一般疑問句)Hedidn'tsendthemouttoaskforhelpwhenintrouble.Didhesendthemouttoaskforhelpwhenintrouble?關(guān)鍵是找謂語動(dòng)詞實(shí)義動(dòng)詞原形作謂語,do幫忙實(shí)義動(dòng)詞三單作謂語,does幫忙實(shí)義動(dòng)詞過去式作謂語,did幫忙助動(dòng)詞后+動(dòng)詞原形三.句型轉(zhuǎn)換.4.Tomhasfinishedreadingthebook.(改為否定句和一般疑問句并做肯定回答)Tomhasn'tfinishedreadingthebook.HasTomfinishedreadi