2022湖南省衡陽市 市第二十中學(xué)高三英語上學(xué)期期末試題含解析

2022湖南省衡陽市市第二十中學(xué)高三英語上學(xué)期期末試題含解析一、選擇題1.ThisisSpringvacation,soIwantto_________fromhousework—atleastforawhile.A.comeout

B.stayup

C.turnoff

D.get

away參考答案：D2.--Doyouhaveenoughto____allyourdailyexpenses?

---Oh,yes,enoughandtospare.

A.contain

B.afford

C.cover

D.include參考答案：C略3.Susanwasbusywhenwewenttoseeheryesterdaymorning.She______someguestsfromAustralia.A.received B.wasreceiving C.hadreceived D.hasbeenreceiving參考答案：B4.Theprojectistoeducateteensontherulesofsafedrivingandthesevere____thatcanresultifthoserulesarenotfollowed．

A．contribution

B．outcome

C．consequence

D．punishment參考答案：C5.-Frequentlackofbreakfastdoesharmtohealth.-________,whydoyoualwaysdothat?A.Sowhat B.Ifso C.Ifany D.Evenso參考答案：BB考查情景交際。句意：—經(jīng)常不吃早餐對身體有害。—如果是這樣的話，那你為什么總不吃早餐呢？故選B。sowhat“那又怎樣”；ifany“若有的話，即便要”；evenso“即使如此”。6..Itwasnotwhoisrightbutwhatisright_______isofimportance.

A.which

B.it

C.that

D.this參考答案：C略7.Beingawareofthe

ofthedisaster,somefamousstarsorganizedacharityconserttoraisemoneyforthevictims.A.importance

B.severity

C.influence

D.effect參考答案：B8.

Recently,asurvey_____pricesofthesamegoodsintwodifferentsupermarketshascausedheateddebateamongcitizens.A.compared

B.comparing

C.compares

D.beingcompared參考答案：B9.Notuntil___onTV___thattheChinesewasrescuedbytheEuropeanUnionTaskForce.A.didIturn;didIknow

B.didIturn;IknewC.Iturned;didIknow

D.Iturned;Ihadknow參考答案：C10.—We’dbettergodownstairsrightnowforlunch．

—____Theyservefood24hoursaday．

A.Hurryup!

B.Takeyourtime．

C.Itdoesn’tmatter.

D.Noway!參考答案：B略11.Ifyou____carrywithyouthebeliefthatwhateveryoudoisright,it’snoneofmybusiness．A．should

B．can

C．may

D．must參考答案：D12.BarackObamahastakenpersonalblame_______thesecurityfailureswhichled________theattempttoblowupaplaneonChrismasDay.A.of;to

B.for;to

C.on;on

D.in;on參考答案：B略

-----Doyouhaveaminute?I’vegotsomethingtotellyou.

-----Ok,______youmakeitshort.

A.nowthat

B.ifonly

C.solongas

D.everytime參考答案：C。解析：本題考查引導(dǎo)狀語從句的連接詞。四個連接詞的詞義分別是nowthat既然；ifonly要是……多好；solongas只要；everytime每次，每當。題意為“—你有一會空嗎？我有點事告訴你?！梢裕灰喍灾?。14.InFrance,______yougo,youwillalwaysseeagentlemanholdsadoorforalady.

A.however

B.whoever

C.wherever

D.whichever參考答案：C15.Don’tbe_______byproductspromisingtomakeyouloseweightquickly.A.takenoff B.takenoutC.takenaway D.takenin參考答案：D【詳解】考查動詞短語詞義辨析。句意：不要被那些承諾能讓你快速減肥的產(chǎn)品所欺騙。takein意為“欺騙”,表示“不要受許諾很快減肥的產(chǎn)品的欺騙”。takeoff意為“拿掉,取消,脫衣”；takeout意為“拿出,取出,去掉,出發(fā)”；takeaway意為“取走”。根據(jù)題意，故選D。16.Surelyitdoesn’tmatterwherethestudentassociationgettheirmoneyfrom,what___iswhattheydowithit.

A.counts

B.applies

C.stresses

D.function參考答案：A17.TheBrownsheld_____theycalled“familyday”onceayear.A.that

B.what

C.which

D.when參考答案：B18._______hehasmadeadecision,itisnoteasyforyoutomakehimchangehismind.A.Though

B.Unless

C.Once

D.Until參考答案：C二、完型填空19.NowU.S.researchershaveidentifiedanewwaytotreatpeopleinfectedwithtuberculosis(肺結(jié)核)beforetheygetsick.Tuberculosisisoneoftheworld’smost___41___healththreats.TheWorldHealthOrganizationsaystuberculosiskillsnearlytwomillionpeopleeachyear.Anothertwobillionare___42___:theyareinfected,butdon’thavesymptomsofthedisease.Thoseathighestriskcantakemedicine,butVanderbiltUniversityresearcherTimothySterlingsaysnoteveryone___43___withthetreatment,whichisadailydoseofisoniazid(異煙肼，抗結(jié)核藥)forninemonths.Soalthoughthemedicationishighlyeffectiveifpeopletakealloftheirmedication,manypeopledonottakealltheirmedicationandthereforetheeffectivenessofthetreatmentplanis___44___.Asa(n)___45___,Sterlingandhiscolleagues___46___isoniazidwithanotherdrug,rifapentine(利福噴汀).Thecombinationwastakenweekly,notdaily,forjustthreemonths.Andtheresultsofthisstudyshowedthatthenewtreatmentplan----thethreemonthsofisoniazidandrifapentine----wasaseffectiveasthenine–monthisoniazidtreatmentplan.___47___,theshort-course,three-monthtreatmentplanhadhighertreatmentcompletionratesandwasalsowell___48___.Therewassomeotherdifference.Thetwo-drug,combinationtreatmentwasadministeredasdirectly___49___therapy.Thatmeansthepatientstooktheirmedicineinthepresenceofahealthcareworker,toensurethattheyfollowedthetreatmentplan.Thiswasalargestudy,involving7,500participantsinNorthAmerica,Spain,andBrazil.Sterling___50___thatmostofthepeopleinthisstudywereHIV-negative.Theresultsmightbe___51___forHIV-positivepeople.ArecentstudyinSouthAfricaindicatedthatthecombinationtherapyworkswellinpeopleinfectedwithHIVaswellastuberculosis,butthestudywastoosmalltobe___52___.TimothySterling’sresearch,publishedinTheNewEnglandJournalofMedicine,hasbeen___53___bytheU.S.CentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention,theCDC.Thegovernmenthealthagencyrecommendsthe12-doseweeklycombinationtreatmentasanequalalternativetothe270–dosedailytreatmentplanthathasbeenthe___54___therapy.Butbecauseofpossible___55___issues,theCDCstillrecommendsthedailytreatmentplanforHIV–positivepatientswhoaretakingantiretroviraldrugsorwomenwhoarepregnant.Alsobecauseofalackofdata,theCDCsayschildrenunderage12shouldstaywiththenine-monthdailytreatment.41.A.public B.persistent C.predictable D.mild42.A.outofcontrol B.beyondexpectation C.withouthope D.underthreat43.A.putup B.followthrough C.getalong D.comeup44.A.decreased B.maximized C.measured D.enhanced45.A.supplement B.substitute C.promotion D.alternative46.A.mixed B.replaced C.associated D.connected47.A.Asaresult B.Inaddition C.Infact D.Forinstance48.A.imposed B.tolerated C.cultivated D.infected49.A.isolated B.implemented C.observed D.required50.A.argues B.suggests C.commands D.warns51.A.inevitable B.negative C.distinct D.indirect52.A.definite B.desired C.logical D.detailed53.A.conducted B.proved C.demonstrated D.approved54.A.similar B.unique C.standard D.peculiar55.A.personal B.crucial C.age D.safety參考答案：41.B

42.D

43.B

44.A

45.D

46.A

47.C

48.B

49.C

50.D

51.C

52.A

53.D

54.C

55.D本文屬于新聞，介紹結(jié)核病是世界上最嚴重的疾病之一，但是研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)了新的混合療法用于肺結(jié)核疾病的治療，效果更佳，但是仍不完善，對于HIV呈陽性的病人治療時，政府機構(gòu)持謹慎態(tài)度?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：肺結(jié)核是世界上最持久的健康威脅之一。A.public公共的；B.persistent固定的，持久的；C.predictable可預(yù)測的；D.mild溫和的。根據(jù)后文TheWorldHealthOrganizationsaystuberculosiskillsnearlytwomillionpeopleeachyear可知，每年有大約200萬人死于肺結(jié)核，故可知該病最持久，故選B。【42題詳解】考查介詞詞義辨析。句意：還有二十億人遭受肺結(jié)核病的威脅，沒有任何癥狀。A.outofcontrol擺脫控制；B.beyondexpectation超出期望；C.withouthope沒有希望；D.underthreat遭受威脅。根據(jù)后文沒有任何癥狀可知，遭受威脅，故選D?！?3題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：有更高風(fēng)險患肺結(jié)核的人可以服藥，但是VanderbiltUniversity研究人員TimothySterling說不是每個人完成這個治療，需要連續(xù)服藥異煙肼九個月。A.putup忍受；B.followthrough堅持到底；C.getalong處理；D.comeup提出。根據(jù)后文可知，需要服藥九個月，故可知很難堅持到底，故選B?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：因此治療的有效性會降低。A.decreased減少，降低；B.maximized最大化；C.measured測量；D.enhanced提升。根據(jù)前文manypeopledonottakealltheirmedication可知，很多人無法服用他們的藥，可知效果降低，故選A?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：作為一種替代性藥品，Sterling和他的同事把異煙肼與利福噴汀混合。A.supplement補充；B.substitute代替者；C.promotion促進；D.alternative替代性用品。根據(jù)文章可知，做成一種新藥替代之前的藥品，故選D?！?6題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：作為一種替代性藥品，Sterling和他的同事把異煙肼與利福噴汀混合。A.mixed混合；B.replaced代替；C.associated聯(lián)系；D.connected連接。根據(jù)文章可知，把兩種藥相結(jié)合，故選A?！?7題詳解】考查介詞詞義辨析。句意：事實上，短期療程，三個月的治療在治療過程中完成率更高，更容易被患者接受。A.Asaresult因此；B.Inaddition另外；C.Infact事實上；D.Forinstance例如。根據(jù)前后句可知，本句講述短期療程的好處，故選C。【48題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：事實上，短期療程，三個月的治療在治療過程中完成率更高，更容易被患者接受。A.imposed強加，利用；B.tolerated容忍；C.cultivated培養(yǎng)；D.infected感染。根據(jù)前文highertreatmentcompletionrates更高的治療完成率可知，更容易被患者接受，故選B。【49題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這兩種藥物結(jié)合療治是通過直接觀察的療法進行的。A.isolated孤立的；B.implemented落實的；C.observed觀察的；D.required要求的。根據(jù)后文Thatmeansthepatientstooktheirmedicineinthepresenceofahealthcareworker可知，病人當著醫(yī)護人員的面服藥，故選C?！?0題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：Sterling警告說這份研究中的大多數(shù)人都是HIV呈陰性。A.argues爭論；B.suggests建議；C.commands要求；D.warns警告。根據(jù)后文可知，研究人員研究的對象沒有感染HIV，因而對感染HIV的患者意義不一樣，故選D?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這個結(jié)果可能對HIV呈陽性的患者不同。A.inevitable無法避免的；B.negative消極的，陰性的；C.distinct明顯的，不同的；D.indirect間接的。根據(jù)后文ArecentstudyinSouthAfricaindicatedthatthecombinationtherapyworkswellinpeopleinfectedwithHIVaswellastuberculosis可知，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，混合療法對患有HIV和肺結(jié)核病人的效果很好，故選C?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但是這個研究樣本太小而不能確定。A.definite明確的；B.desired渴望的；C.logical

邏輯的；D.detailed詳細的。根據(jù)文章可知，樣本太小，不夠明顯，故選A。【53題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：TimothySterling的研究發(fā)表在新英格蘭醫(yī)學(xué)雜志上，受到美國疾病控制和預(yù)防中心的支持和認可。A.conducted實施；B.proved證明；C.demonstrated證明；D.approved同意，認可。根據(jù)后文Thegovernmenthealthagencyrecommendsthe12-doseweeklycombinationtreatmentasanequalalternativetothe270–dosedailytreatmentplan可知CDC采用了混合療法，故選D?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：政府醫(yī)療機構(gòu)推薦每周12劑量的混合療法作為對每天270劑量的標準療法的替代性療法。A.similar相似的；B.unique唯一的；C.standard

標準的；D.peculiar特殊的。根據(jù)文章可知，新療法是標準療法的替代性療法，故選C?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞和名詞詞義辨析。句意：因為可能出現(xiàn)安全問題，CDC對HIV呈陽性且正在服用抗轉(zhuǎn)錄病毒藥以及孕婦依然推薦日常療法。A.personal個人的；B.crucial關(guān)鍵的；C.age年齡；D.safety安全。分析句子可知，此做法是為了安全，故選D。

20.Myearliestbeeexperiencetookplaceatasummercamp.Onedayourteachertoldustoheadupthehillnearby.Weallbegantoraceourdestination.Thegirlstooktheconcrete(混凝土的)

41

,buttheboysranstraight

upthegrassyhill,atthetopofwhichsatalongwoodenfence.Without

42

theboysaheadofmejumpedoverthefencebravely.WhatshouldIdo?Takethestairsand

43

agirl,orjumpthefenceandlook___44

_?ThenItookmychancewiththefence.Iplacedboth

45

onthetopandjumped,feelinguneasy.Ididn’t

46

it.AsItried,myfoot

47

_onthetopofthefence.DownIwent!Ilandedonmybackside.Itriedto

48

offtheaccident,butthenIfeltsomethingmoving

49

me.JustthenIsawwhatseemedlikehundredsofbees50

towardme.Ihadlandedonabeehive(蜂巢)!I

51

upandrushedasfastasIcould.Butthebeesflewfaster.Whata(n)

52

situationIwasin!Myclotheswerecoveredwith

53

.Iparked

54

inthecampandIwasataloss.Atthis,myteacherquicklytook

55

allmyclothesbutunderwear.Beesflewoutofmyclothesand

56

outofmymouth!Ihadgainedthe

57

ofallthecampers,butIdidn’tfeelcool.Ihadbeen

58

almost40beesstings(蟄)allovermybody.Ilearnedamost__59

_lessonthatday.Whenweareledbythe_

60

_toshowoff,wemightfindourselvessittingonabeehive.41.A.stairs B.floors C.road D.land42.A.fear B.fun

C.help

D.luck43.A.lookafter

B.looklike

C.careabout

D.waitfor44.A.excited

B.worried

C.strong

D.cool45.A.hands

B.feet

C.arms

D.legs

46.A.do

B.climb

C.make

D.succeed47.A.arrived

B.got

C.caught

D.stepped48.A.fall

B.laugh

C.put

D.take49.A.above

B.beside

C.for

D.under50.A.driving

B.flying

C.shooting

D.running51.A.sat

B.put

C.picked

D.jumped52.A.difficult

B.hopeless

C.embarrassing

D.pleasing53.A.bees

B.grass

C.dust

D.tears54.A.itself

B.myself

C.herself

D.himself55.A.off

B.on

C.In

D.up56.A.almost

B.again

C.even

D.still57.A.attention

B.experience

C.knowledge

D.respect58.A.got

B.given

C.found

D.put59.A.successful

B.deepest

C.difficult

D.valuable60.A.courage

B.desire

C.goal

D.teacher參考答案：41-45.AABDA

46-50.CCBDB

51-55.DCABA

56-60.CABDB【文章大意】本文是一篇小故事。作者和同學(xué)們參加夏令營，為了炫耀，男孩子全部從山坡上爬上山，女孩子則從臺階走上去，作者猶豫再三最終從山坡爬上去，結(jié)果在翻越籬笆時摔在了蜂窩上，最后弄得非常尷尬。41.A

根據(jù)下文＂Takethestairs…orjumpthefence＂可知有兩種選擇：從臺階上走上去，或翻越籬笆過去，此處是說女孩們都從混凝土臺階上去，故選A。42.A

根據(jù)后面bravely一詞，可知在我前面的男孩們毫不害怕地翻過了籬笆，故選A。43.B

lookafter照顧；looklike看起來像；careabout

關(guān)心；waitfor等待；根據(jù)語境可知此處應(yīng)表示＂看起來像個女生似的走臺階上去＂，故選B。44.D

像女孩兒似的走臺階，還是跳過籬笆看起來非?？幔抗蔬xD。45.A

根據(jù)常識可知我把雙手放在籬笆上，然后跳。故選A。46.C

makeit成功。根據(jù)后文可知我沒有成功，故選C。47.C

caught

on卡在……上。根據(jù)句意可知我的腳卡在了籬笆上。故選C。48.B

laughoff一笑了之

。根據(jù)句意可知我想對這個意外一笑了之。故選B。49.D

根據(jù)上文可知我背部朝下摔了下去，所以此處應(yīng)為在我的下面有東西在動，故選D。50.B

driving

駕駛；flying

飛；shooting射擊；running跑；就在這時，我看到數(shù)百只蜜蜂朝我飛過來，故選B。51.D

sat

坐；put放；picked

撿；jumped；根據(jù)常識作者躺在了蜂巢上，應(yīng)立即跳起來趕緊跑，故選D。52.C

difficult

困難的；hopeless

失望的；embarrassing

令人尷尬的；pleasing令人高興的；根據(jù)常識可知這是一件令人尷尬的事。故選C。53.A

根據(jù)上文可知作者被蜜蜂追，所以衣服上應(yīng)滿是蜜蜂。故A正確。54.B

根據(jù)句意可知作者在帳篷里停了下來（不再跑了），故選B。55.A

takeoff脫下衣服，句意：老師快速脫下了我的衣服，故選A。56.C

almost

幾乎；again

再一次；even甚至；still仍然；此處表達程度，蜜蜂甚至從我嘴里飛出去，故選C。三、閱讀理解21.

BaekelandandHartmannreportthatthe"shortsleepers"

hadbeenmoreorlessaveragein

theirsleepneedsuntilthemenwereintheirteens.Butataboutage150rso,themenvoluntarily

begancuttingdowntheirnightlysleeptimebecauseofpressuresfromschool,work,andother

activities.Thesementendedtoregardtheirnightlyperiodsofunconsciousnessasbothersomeinterruptionsintheirdailyroutines.

Ingeneral,these"shortsleepers"appearedambitious,active,energeticandcheerful.They

stucktotheiropinions,andwereverysureabouttheirjobchoices..Theyoftenheldseveraljobsat

once,orworkedfull-orpart-timewhilegoingtoschool.Andmanyofthemhadastrongurgetoappear"normal"

or"acceptable"

totheirfriendsandcolleagues.

Whenaskedtoremembertheirdreams,

the"shortsleepers"

didpoorly.Morethanthis,

theyseemedtoprefernotremembering.Similarly,theirusualwayofdealingwithpsychologicalproblemswasnottoadmitthattheproblemexisted,andthentokeepbusyinthehopethatthetroublewouldgoaway.

Thesleeppatternsofthe"shortsleepers"

weresimilarto,

butlessextremethan,

sleeppatternsshownbymanymentalpatientscategorizedasmanic

(躁狂者).

The"longsleepers"werequitedifferentindeed.BaekelandandHanmannreportthattheseyoungmenhavebeenl