高中英語教資語音課知識(shí)點(diǎn)梳理

1.語調(diào)intonationYburenewhere,aientyou?/Yes,IamMynameisBill.You'reIbny.aren'tyou?/Thafsright.ItsrealI、crowdedhere,isnLit7/A:Yes,itis.Allrightguys,itstimetolearnsomethingnew.(Itistheintonationofdisjunctivequestions反義疑問句)Herearesomewords/sentencesfromthepassage.Lookattheblackboard.Pleasereadthesentencesandthinkaboutwhattheyhaveincommon.Youcanhaveadiscussionwithyourpartners.Iwillgiveyou5min.Herewego.Time'sup.Whowouldliketotry?Mary,please.Yes,youfindthatallthesentencesarequestions.Yes,great,youareright.Letmeexplainmore.Allthesentencesaredisjunctivequestions.Therearetwoparts,forthefirstparthere,wereaditinafallingtone;andforthesecondpart,wereaditinarisingtone.Forexample"You'renewhere,aren'tyou?""You'reTony,aren'tyou?""It'sreallycrowdedhere,isn'tit?"降調(diào)whentousefallingtonedeclarativesentence陳述句Ihavealreadyeatentheapple.specialquestion特殊疑問句Whatcoloristhecar?imperativesentence祈使句Gobacktoyourseat.exclamatorysentence感嘆句Whatabeautifulday!升調(diào)whentouserisingtone.generalquestion一般疑問句Didyoueatthatapple?.alternativequestion選擇疑問句 WehaveA,Bandc..連讀liaisonMMetherwasaself-taerglntmandolinplayel?waserneof-thebeststringinstrumentplayersincurtown?Hecouldnot-readmusic,butifheheardatuneafewtimes,hecouldplayit.Whenhewasyounger,hewasamemberofasmallcountrymusicband.Theywouldplayatlocaldancesandonafewoccasionstheywouldplayforthelocalradiostation.HeoftentoldushowhehadauditionedandearnedapositioninabandthatfeaturedPatsyClineastheirleadsinger.Hetoldthefamilythatafterhewashiredheneverwentback.Dadwasaveryreligiousman.Hestatedthattherewasalotofdrinkingandcursingonthedayofhisauditionandhedidnotwanttobearoundthattypeofenvironment.Nowwhocanreadthispassageforus?OK,Lily,please.Nicetry!Anyoneelse?Jack,youplease.Great!Whichonedoyouthinkisbetter?Yes,Jackisbetter.Why?Hereadsitmorefluentlyandnaturally.Actually.Jackpaysattentiontoliaison,whichmakeshisreadingmuchbetter.Guys,please,lookattheblackboard:oneof.WecanpronouncethewordsasHoneof”.(示范連讀)Reada代erme,oneof.Next,toldus.Wecanpronouncethewordsas“toldus〃(示,在連讀)Readafterme,toldus.Youcanseeitcanbebetterifwereaditwithliaison,right?OK,nowIwillplaythetapeagain,andyoushouldreadafterit.InEnglish,wordsarenotpronouncedonebyone.Usually,theendofonewordattachestothebeginningofthenextword.1.Consonant&Vowel:Wordsareconnectedwhenawordendsinaconsonantsoundandthenextwordstartswithavowelsound.MynameisAnn.[mynaymizaen].Consonant&Consonant:Wordsareconnectedwhenawordendsinaconsonantsoundandthenextwordstartswithaconsonantthatisinasimilarposition.Ijustdidn'tgetthechance.[Ijussdidn'tge(t)thechance]..Vowel&VowekWhenawordendinginavowelsoundisnexttoonebeginningwithavowelsound,theyareconnectedwithaglidebetweenthetwovowels.Ialsoneedtheotherone.[ai(y)alsoneedthe(y)otherone].3,失去爆破lossofplosiveBritishandAmericanEnglisharedifferentinmanyways.Thefirstandmostobviouswayisinthevocabulary.TherearehundredsofdifferentwordswhicharenotusedontheothersideoftheAtlantic,orwhichareusedwithadifferentmeaning.SomeofthesewordsarewellknownAmericansdriveautomobilesdownfreewaysandfillupwithgas;theBritishdrivecarsalongmotorwaysandfillupwithpetrol.Asatourist,youwillneedtousetheundergroundinLondonorthesubwayinNewYork,ormaybeyoupreferredtogetaroundthetownbytaxi(British)orcab(American).It'stimetolearnsomethingnew.Herearesomesentencesontheblackboard.Canyoureadit?Howaboutthefirstone?Yes,(thefirstandmostobviouswayisinthevocabulary).Andhowaboutthesecondone?(Maybeyouprefertogetaroundthetownbytaxiorbycab).Boysandgirls,howcanwemakeourselvesmorenativewhenwereadingthesesentences?Yes,weneedtopayattentiontothetonesandlinksounds.Why?Letmetellyou.Whenwereadtheplosivesoundssuchas〃/b/./p/./d/?/t/,/g/,/k/"?weusuallyreadthemfastandgently.Wecallthem“l(fā)ossofplosive".Buthowabouttherulesofit?Iwillgiveyoufiveminutestodiscussit.Later,Iwillinvitesomeofyoutoshowyourideas.Pleasestart.Boysandgirls,stophere!Whowouldliketoshowusyourideas?Alice,youplease.Great!Alicesays:"Thefirstruleiswhentwoplosivesaretogether,thefirstoneisalwaysskipped.Likethephrasepreferredto".Anyothervolunteers?Yes,Kevin.Hesaid/'Thesecondruleisthatwhenplosivemeetsothervowels,wewillnotgiveafullsound.Likethephrases"firstandmostobvious.1'Wow,boysandgirls,youallgettherulesofit..意群和停頓sensegroupandpausePeopleoftenrememberwhattheyweredoingwhentheyheardthenewsofimportanteventsinhistory.IntheUnitedStates,forexample,manypeoplerememberwhattheyweredoingonApril4,1968.ThiswasoneofthemostimportanteventsinmodernAmericanhistory.Onthisday,Dr.MartinLutherKingwaskilled.Althoughsomepeoplemaynotrememberwhokilledhim,theyrememberwhattheyweredoingwhentheyheardthenews.Boysandgirls,thistimeyoureadthesentencebyyourselvesfirstandthenlistentothetapecarefully.Afterthatyouneedtotellmethedifferencesbetweenyouandthetape.Clear?Let'sbegin.Em,class,doyoufindthedifferences?Elsa,youplease.Wow,yousaidthetapepausesinsomeplaces.Bravo.Doyouguysagreewithher?Em,let'sseethesentencetogether.Lookattheblackboard.Thetapepausesatrememberdoingevents.Sothesentencecanbedividedintofourparts.Theyare"Peopleoftenremember","whattheyweredoing","whentheyheardthenewsofimportantevents""inhistory."Right?InEnglish,wecallitsensegroup.Asensegroupisameaningunit.Sohowmanysensegroupsdoesthesentencecontain?Yeah,great,four!But,howdoIdividesensegroupinasentence?Canyouguess?Yes,IheardsomeofyousaidHgrammar"Hmm,Goodguess.Anymore?Ah,maybepunctuation.Yeah,exactly.Youaresosmart.Guys,lookatPPT,weusuallvdividesensegroupfromthefollowingthreeasuects:grammar;meaning;ardpunctuation.Sowhenwereadasentence,weshouldpausebetweensensegroups.Gotit?.重音stressStressinwords:Inmulti-syllablewords,thestressfallsononeofthesyllables.Theothersyllablestendtobespokenquickly.Usually,westressthefirstsyllableofmost2syllablenounsandadjectives.LikePICture/HUNgryTHIRSty.Westressthesecondsyllableofmost2syllableverbs.LikeaLLOW/rePEAT.Threesyllables:firstsyllablestressed:Energy/Operate/ORganize.secondsyllablestressed:meMORial/aSSUMPtion/caNAdianthirdsyllablestressed:employEE/japanESE/voluntEERWordsthatendin?cy,?ty,?phy,and-gy-alstressthethird-from-endsyllable:deMOcracy/PsyCHOIogy/creaTIvity/geOGraphy/phiLOsophy

Stressinsentences:CorrectintonationandstressarethekeytospeakEnglishfluentlywithgoodpronunciation.Tobegin,youneedtounderstandwhichwordswegenerallystressandwhichwedonotstress.Stresswordsareconsideredcontentwordssuchas:Nouns(e.g.,kitchen,Peter)/(Most)mainverbs(e.g.zvisit,construct)/Adjectives(e.g.,beautiful,interesting)/Adverbs(e.g.,often,carefully)Non-stressedwordsareconsideredfunctionwordssuchas:Determiners(e.g.,the,a,some,afew)/Auxiliary(e.g.,don't,am,can,were)/Preposition(e.g.before,nextto,opposite)/Conjunctions(e.g.,but,while,as)/Pronouns(e.g.they,she,us).*6?節(jié)奏rhythmstress+intonationInphon