英語語法主語

subjectGrammarReviewthesubject主語是一個句子的主題，是句子所訴說的主體。它的位置一般在句首?？梢杂米鲋髡Z的有單詞、短語、從句,甚至句子。名詞作主語。Atreehasfallenacrossthestreet.Theambulanceisarriving.

2.代詞作主語。Youareamiddleschoolstudent.He

lentmehisnewbike.Theyliveonabusymainroad.______mustbeverynoisy.ThereB.ItC.ThatD.TheyBWewrotealetterofthanksto_____hadhelpedus.whoB.whoseC.whomeverD.whoeverD3.數(shù)詞作主語。Threeisenough.Twofromfiveleavesthree.Fiveintothirtyequalssix.＋and/plus－minus×times÷dividedby=is/equals/makesPs:在加乘中可用單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)，在減除中只可用單數(shù)4.不定式作主語。Tofindthetruthisverydifficult.It’sverydifficulttofindthetruth.5.動名詞作主語。Smokingisbadforyourhealth.Seeingisbelieving.（眼見為實。）6.名詞化的形容詞作主語。Therichshouldhelpthepoor.Theoldandtheyoungwalkedsidebyside.theblind瞎子thedeaf聾子

thedead死者theliving活著的人7.名詞化的過去分詞作主語。Thedisabledarebeingcarefullytakencareof.thedisabled殘疾人thewounded傷者8.介詞短語作主語。ToBeijingisnotveryfar.9.從句作主語。Wheneveryoucomewillbefine.10.引語作主語?！癏owdoyoudo?”isagreetingwhenpeoplemeetforthefirsttime.Exercise:1.UnderlinetheSubjectineachofthefollowingsentencesandthentranslatethesentenceintoChinese.TellwhatisusedasSubject(anoun,anadjective,etc).EXAMPLE:Greatthinkershaveusedcreativityandimaginationtochangetheworld.(noun)偉大的思想家運用創(chuàng)造力和想象力改變世界。（名詞）2.Thewoundedtakenfromthefrontneedimmediatetreatmentinthefieldhospital.3.Tomasteraforeignlanguagecallsforagreatdealofmemorywork.

從前線送來的傷員需要在戰(zhàn)地醫(yī)院迅速接受治療。掌握一門外語需要大量的記憶。adjective形容詞infinitive不定式1.Self-cofidenceisthekeytosuccess.自信是成功的關(guān)鍵。noun名詞6.2012istheyearwhenthe30thOlympicGameswillbeheldinLondon.第30屆奧運會將于2012年在倫敦舉行。5.WhetherJennywillpasstheinterviewdependsonherconfidenceinherself.詹妮是否能通過面試取決于她有沒有信心。4.Takingexerciseearlyinthemorninghasbecomepartofherretiredlife.

早晨進行體育鍛煉成為她退休生活的一部分。sentencenumbergerund動名詞3．WhilewatchingTV,_______.

A.theboycamein

B.mymotherwascooking

C.Iheardaterriblenoise

D.thedoorbellrang4.Thereare73studentsinourclass.Someareboys.

aregirls.TheotherB.TheothersC.AnotherD.Other5．YouandI

ofthesameage.

A.amB.areC.beD.is6.There_____only

anothertwomiles

togo.

（時間距離長度重量作整體看）A.isB.areC.hasD.have1.

名詞用作主語。如：

Videogames

canbeapoorinfluenceifleftinthewronghands.

(湖南2015)名詞作主語，主要考查主謂一致1)Dr.Smith,togetherwithhiswifeanddaughters,______visitBeijingtomorrow.A.isgoingto B.aregoingtoC.wasgoingto D.weregoingto當主語后面有aswellas,with,alongwith,togetherwith,except,beside等時，謂語動詞不受這些詞或短語的影響，仍與主語保持一致。此題的謂語動詞應(yīng)與Dr.Smith保持一致，故排除選項B、D；。2)ThenumberofforeignstudentsattendingChineseuniversities______risingsteadilysince1997.A.isB.areC.hasbeenD.havebeenthenumberof意為“……的數(shù)目”，后接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)，故排除選項B、D；再根據(jù)since1997可排除選項A。anumberof意為“許多；若干”，后接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，作主語時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。3)—Didyougototheshowlastnight?—Yeah.Everyboyandgirlinthearea______invited.A.wereB.havebeenC.hasbeenD.was由and連接的兩個并列的名詞被each，every，no，manya等修飾并且作主語時，謂語動詞通常用單數(shù)形式。故此題排除選項A、B，再根據(jù)lastnight可排除選項C。4)Apoetandartist______comingtospeaktousaboutChineseliteratureandpaintingtomorrowafternoon.A.is B.are C.was D.were由and連接的兩個名詞作主語，并且表示同一人、物或概念或由兩個部件配成的物品時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)，故此題排除選項B、D；再根據(jù)tomorrowafternoon可排除選項C。若and連接的兩個名詞作主語，表示不同的人、物或概念時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。3.

從句用作主語。謂語動詞常用單數(shù)形式。如：

Howweunderstandthings

____alottodowithwhatwefeel.

(北京2015)has下列各句均有一處錯誤，請改正并分析原因。1.Lighttravelsfasterthansoundiscommonknowledge.2.Ifshe’scomingornotdoesn’tmattermuch.Thatthat雖無詞義但引導(dǎo)主語從句位于句首時不能省略。Whetherif,whether都可表示“是否”,但if不能引導(dǎo)位于主句之前的主語從句，它可以引導(dǎo)位于主句之后帶有形式主語it的主語從句。主語從句常見錯誤3.Thattheprofessorsaidisofgreatimportance.Whatthat引導(dǎo)主語從句時無詞義。Whattheprofessorsaid表示“教授所說的”。5.Nomatterwhobreakstherulewillbepunished.6.Whenandwherethemeetingwillbeheldstillremainaquestion.引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時二者可互換，但引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時只能用whoever。Whoever主語從句表示單一概念時，謂語要用單數(shù)形式。remain8._____wasresponsiblefortheaccidentisnotyetclear.9.____________________theywillhavethesportsmeetisstillaquestion.10.Itdoesn’tmatter______shelookslike.WhoWhen/Where/Whetherwhat謂語predicate說明主語的動作，狀態(tài)或特征。指出“做什么”、“是什么”或“怎么樣”.動詞在句子中作謂語,一般放在主語之后.1.Thenewterm__________(開始)onthefirstofSeptember.2.Herfather__________(是)ataxidriver.3.She__________(似乎)tiredandthirsty.4.MissLin_________(給…看)meherEnglishnotebook.beginsisseemsshowed謂語分為簡單謂語和復(fù)合謂語兩類一.簡單謂語

由一個動詞或短語動詞構(gòu)成的謂語,就是簡單謂語.不管這些謂語動詞是什么時態(tài),語態(tài),語氣,都是簡單謂語.例如:

1.We

plant

trees

in

spring

every

year.

我們每年春天都種許多樹.

2.The

plane

tookoff

at

seven

o'clock.

飛機已在7點起飛.

復(fù)合謂語由兩部分構(gòu)成,其有不同的情況:1.由情態(tài)動詞/助動詞加一個不帶to的不定式構(gòu)成：

1)These

students

shallvisitthemuseumtomorrow.2)Whatdoesthiswordmean?3)Iwon’tdoitagain.4)I’ll

goandmoveawaythebagofricewithLinTao.

5)You’dbetter

catchabus.

二.復(fù)合謂語

2.由個別情態(tài)動詞和一個帶to的動詞不定式構(gòu)成:<1>You

oughttobegin

with

English

900.

你應(yīng)從<<英語900句>>開始學(xué).<2>They

usedtorespect

the

oldprofessor

very

much.

他們過去非常尊敬這位老教授.

(usedto/haveto/oughtto…)3.許多帶復(fù)合賓語的句子在變成被動結(jié)構(gòu)后,也包含了一個復(fù)合謂語。Jack

wasseentoswim

across

the

river.

有人看到杰克游過河了.(toswim做補語）Jackwasseenswimmingacrosstheriver.Peterwasfoundcheatingintheexam.Theoldmanwasfounddeadinbed/inhospital.

4.由連系動詞加表語構(gòu)成:

The

weather

has

turned

cold.

Youlook

thesame.Theweathergetswarmer,andthedaysgetlonger.Keepquietandlistentome.Helookedworried.IsBillin?比爾在嗎？Schoolisover.Let’sgohome.Mypenisinmybag.Ifelttiredallthetime.Heseemedrathertiredlastnight.

5.由情態(tài)動詞和連系動詞加表語構(gòu)成He

mustbe

wron