非謂語動詞的區(qū)別及例題(2015.4.11)

非謂語動詞三種非謂語動詞的區(qū)別1、作主語todo：一次性、具體性、將要發(fā)生動作doing：一般性、抽象性、經常性的動作done：沒有作主語的情況e.g.Tocompromiseappearsadvisable.（一次性）Walkingismysoleexcercise.（一般性）1、作主語例題分析：1.

withChineseculturewithoverseasculturesisachallengingjob,butyouwilllearnalotfromit.A.ComparingB.ComparedC.HavingcomparedD.Tocompare1、作主語例題分析：2.

isagoodformofexcerciseforbothyoungandold.A.ThewalkB.WalkedC.TowalkD.Walking1.作主語例題分析：3.

alanguagerequirestimeandeffort.A.LearnB.LearningC.TolearnD.Beingleaned1.作主語例題分析：4.

nowseemsimpossible.A.TosavemoneyB.SavingmoneyC.BeingsavedmoneyD.Tobesaved2.作表語doing:一般性、抽象性、經常性的動作（動名詞）todo：一次性、具體性、將要發(fā)生動作Forexample:Hisjobistopaintthewalls.（將要發(fā)生）Hisjobispaitingwalls.（經常性）2.作表語done:表示被動，通常翻譯為“感到....."doing:表示一些情緒的詞，表示主動，通常翻譯為“令人....;使人...."

對比下列詞匯：-ing-edfrightening令人害怕的frightened感到害怕的astonishing令人驚呆的astonished感到驚呆的delighting令人高興的delighted感到高興的disappoiting令人失望的disappoiting感到失望的satisfying令人滿意的satisfied感到滿意的astonishing令人驚呆的astonished感到驚呆的touching觸動人心的touched感動的boring令人無聊的bored感到無聊的puzzling令人困惑不解的puzzled感到困惑的2.作表語對比下列句子：1)Thedirtystreetisdisgusting.Peopleisdisgustedwiththedirtystreet.2）Thisinterruptionisveryannoying.Weareannoyedatthisinterruption.3）Thenewswasverydisappoiting.Weweredisappoitedatthenews.4）I’minterestedininterestingpeople.

Hisbehavior

isveryastonishing.Everyonearoundhimisastonishedathim.2.作表語例題分析1.Herwishis

anengineer.A.tobecomeB.becomingC.becameD.beingbecoming2.Thereportwasso

thattheywereall.A.inspiring;excitingB.inspiring;excitedC.inspired;excitedD.inspired;excied

2.作表語例題分析3.Heseems

hereforthereyears.A.tobelivingB.tohavelivedC.tohavebeenlivedD.tolive4.Thelittleboyisn’tgettingonwellinmathsandworsestill,heisevenunwillingtogotoschool.Withherson_____,shefeelsvery______.A.disappointing;worryingB.disappointing;worriedC.disappointed;worriedD.disappointed;worrying3.作定語todo:作后置定語，表示未完成的動作，和某些特定的句型。doing:作前置定語(相當于adj.)和后置定語(相當于定語從句，表主動語態(tài)和一般現在時態(tài))done：作前置定語(相當于adj.)和后置定語(相當于定語從句，表被動語態(tài)和完成時態(tài)）試觀察下列句子1）Thecommandergaveanordertoattacktheenemybeforedawn.2）Theordergivenbythecommanderwastoattacktheenemybeforedawn.3）Peoplelivinginthisareafeedonrice.4）Theexperiencegainedwillbeofgreatvaluetous.5）Hetoldustheexcitingnewsinaveryexcitedvoice.3.作定語例題分析：1.Asweallknow,typingisa______jobtoa______heart.A.tired;tiredB.tired;tiringC.tiring;tiredD.tiring;tiring2.Thenextthinghesawwassmoking

frombehindthehouse.A.toriseB.risingC.risenD.rose3.Theboy

theprizeiscalledRay.A.whowinningB.wonC.winsD.winning4.Thescientist

usatalkjustnowisfromTsinghuaUnivesity.A.whogivesB.givingC.gaveD.gives3.作定語例題分析：5.Theplay

lastnightwaswrittenbyShakespeare.A.performedB.performingC.wasperformedD.wasbeingperformed6.Recentlyasurvey______pricesofthesameproductsintwodifferentsupermarketshascausedheateddebateamongcitizens.A.comparedB.comparingC.comparesD.beingcompared7.Theplayers_____fromthewholecountryareexpectedtobringushonorinthissummergame.A.selecingB.toselectC.selectedD.havingselected8.Therearemanypeople_______tobuycarsinthemodernworld.

A.want

B.wanted

C.wanting

D.towant9.Theproblems

atthemeetingtomorrowarereallyhardtosolve．

A．discussed

B．todiscuss

C．tobediscussed D．discussing4.作賓語todo/doing:1）直能接todo的詞匯：agree,aim,apply,arrange,choose,claim,decide,demand,desire,determine,endeavour,expect,hope,learn,manage,offer,pledge,prepare,pretend,profess,promise,refuse,resolve,seek,swear,threaten,undertake,venture,volunteer,vow上述動詞中agree,arrange,claim,expect,hope,promise,profess,determine,threaten等也能帶that分句：Ihopetobeabletocome.=IhopethatIamabletocome.Iagreetostartearly.=Iagreethatweshouldstartearly.4.作賓語todo/doing:2）只接doing的詞匯：

admit,acknowledge,anticipate,advocate,appreciate,avoid,can'thelp,can'tresist,can'tstand,consider,contemplate,defer,detest,dislike,don'tmind,ensure,enjoy,escape,excuse,evade,facilitate,fancy,favour,finish,gaveup,imagine,include,keepon,mind,miss,pardon,postpone,practice,putoff,resent,risk,suggest作賓語todo/doing:3）有些動詞可以接todo和doing，但意思不一樣!●remember,forget,regret：+doing表示動作發(fā)生在“記得、忘記、遺憾”之前+todo表示動作發(fā)生在“記得、忘記、遺憾”之后如：IregrettellingyouthatJohnstoleit.(IregretthatItoldyou....)IregrettotellyouthatJohnstoleit.(Iamsorrytotellyou.....）4.作賓語todo/doing:3）有些動詞可以接todo和doing，但意思不一樣!●stop,leaveoff,goon：+doing表示“停止、繼續(xù)”正在進行的動作+todo表示“停止去、繼續(xù)去“做另外一個動作。如：Heleftoffwritingthebook.(Hestoppedwritingthebook.)Heleftofftowritethebook.(Heleftoffsomeplaceinordertowriteabook.）4.作賓語todo/doing:3）有些動詞可以接todo和doing，但意思不一樣!●try,mean：+doing表示”努力做某事“、”打算做某事“+todo表示“試著做某事“、”意味著做某事“。如：Ifyouwanttoimprovethetaste,tryaddingsomesugar.Philiptriedtoanswerallthequestionsbyhimself.5.作賓語例題分析1.Ihappened

thearticlewhenheaskedmeaboutit.A.tohavereadB.havingreadC.toreadD.reading2.Thestudentsexpectedthere_____morereviewingclassesbeforethefinalexams.A.isB.tobeC.beingD.havebeen3.Nowadayspeoplesometimesseparatetheirwastetomakeiteasierforit______.A.reusingB.reusedC.reusesD.tobereused4.Iwouldlove______tothepartylastnightbutIhadtoworkextrahourstofinishareport.A.togoB.tohavegoneC.goingD.havinggone5.Istillremember______totheFamenTempleandwhatIsawthere.A．totake

B．tobetakenC．taking

D．beingtaken5.作賓語例題分析6.ThecrowdcheeredwildlyatthesightofLiuXiang,whowasreported______theworldrecordinthe110-meterhurdlerace.

A.breaking

B.havingbroken

C.tohavebroken

D.break7.Ihearthey’vepromotedTom,buthedidn’tmention_____whenwetalkedonthephone.

A.topromote

B.havingbeenpromoted

C.havingpromoted

D.tobepromoted8.ThereisnothingmoreIcantry______youtostay,soIwishyougoodluck.A.beingpersuaded

persuading

C.tobepersuaded

D.topersuade6.作賓語補足語

todo:tell/order/persuade/invite/force/warn/encourage/get/ask+sbtododo:表示動作已經完成的過程，feel(一感);hear\listento(二聽);have\make\let(三使)；see\watch\observe\notice\lookat\find(六看)+sbdo等感官使役動詞后不定式作賓補省略to,但被動以后要還原to.doing:表示動作正在進行的過程,feel(一感);hear\listento(二聽);have\get\leave\keep(四使)；see\watch\observe\notice\lookat\find(六看)+sbdoingdone:表示被動、完成性的動作或狀態(tài),feel(一感);hear\listento(二聽);make\let\get\have\leave\keep\(六使)；see\watch\observe\notice\lookat\find(六看)+sbdoneForexample:Isawtheboyswimacrosstheriver.=Theboywasseentoacrosstheriver.Isawtheboyswimmingintheriver.Ihadrarelyseentheboysoworked-up.Heacknowledgedhimselfdefeated.6.作賓語補足語

例題分析1.JennyhopesthatMr.SmithwillsuggestagoodwaytohaveherwrittenEnglish

inashortperiod.A.improved

B.improving

C.toimprove

D.improve2.Shewantsherpaintings

inthegallery,butwedon'tthinktheywouldbeverypopular.A.display

B.todisplay

C.displaying

D.displayed3.Energydrinksarenotallowed_____inAustraliabutarebroughtinfromNewZealand.A.tomake

B.tobemade

C.tohavebeenmade

D.tobemaking6.作賓語補足語

例題分析4.Themotherfeltherself____coldandherhandstrembledasshereadtheletterfromthebattlefield.A.grow

B.grown

C.togrow

D.tohavegrown5.TolearnEnglishwell,weshouldfindopportunitiestohearEnglish______asmuchaswecan.A.speak.

B.speaking

C.spoken

D.tospeak6.Thedirectorhadherassistant___somehotdogsforthemeeting.A.pickedup

B.picksup

C.pickup

D.pickingup7.作狀語todo:表目的doing:表主動（伴隨、目的、原因、結構等）done：表被動Forexample:1.Theystoodbytheroadsidetalkingabouttheplan．他們站在路邊談論著這個計劃。(伴隨)2.Theystoodbytheroadsidetotalkabouttheplan．他們站在路邊為的是談論這個計劃。(目的)3.Defeatedtimeandagain,hestilldidn'tloseheart.7.作狀語例題分析：1._____animportantroleinanewmovie,Andyhasgotachancetobecomefamous.A.OfferB.OfferingC.OfferedD.Tooffer2.

MorehighwayshavebeenbuiltinChina,_____itmucheasierforpeopletotravelfromoneplacetoanother.A.makingB.madeC.tomakeD.havingmade3.Writteninahurry,________.A.PetermademanymistakesinthepaperB.TherearemanymistakesinthepaperC.Wefoundsomemistakesinthepaper4.Sarahpretentedtobecheerful,_____nothingabouttheargument.A.saysB.saidC.tosayD.saying7.作狀語例題分析：5.____intoEnglish,thesentencewasfoundtohaveanentirelydifferentwordorder.A.TranslatingB.TranslatedC.TotranslateD.Havingtranslated6.______aroundthefire,thetouristsdancedwiththelocalpeople.A.GatherB.TogatherC.GatheringD.Tobegathering7.TsinghuaUniversity,______in1911,ishometoagreatnumberofoutstandingfigures.A.foundB.foundingC.foundedD.tobefounded8.When____，themuseumwillbeopentothepublicnextyear.A.completedB.completingC.beingcompletedD.tobecompleted非謂語動詞做題六原則原則一：用作主語，只有-ing和todo;-ing表習慣性；todo表一次性原則重點記兩個句型：Itis+adj.+for/of+sb.todoItis+nouse/nogood/oflittleuse/oflittlegooddoingsth.原則二：用作表語:-ing和todo表習慣性和一次性-ing（修飾物）和ed（修飾人）充當adj.原則三：作定語：todo表將要做；-ing表主動正在做；-ed表被動已做原則四：作賓語：只有todo和doing，記住詞匯固定搭配。原則五：作賓補：與todo構成的固定搭配/do表整個過程,變被動要還原；-ing表主動與正在進行；-ed表被動與完成原則六：作狀語：todo表目的和將來；-ing表主動和正在；-ed表被動和完成；

注意：狀語部分主語和主句主語一致時；通常情況下，被動則用-ed；主動則用-ing；非謂語動作在謂語之前則用完成式原則一

alanguageeverydayisthebestwayoflearningit.A.TospeakB.SpeakingC.SkopkenD.Speak.分析：非謂語動詞作主語，表習慣性、抽象性的動作，用現在分詞作主語。所以選B.Itisnouse

thetextbyheartwithoutunderstanding.A.learningB.tolearnC.learntD.learn分析：非謂語動詞作主語。固定句型：Itisnousedoingsth.原則二Myhobbyis

.A.toplaytennisB.playingtennisC.playtennisD.playedtennis分析：愛好是一種習慣性動作，用現在分詞作表語。選B.Themoviedis.Allpeoplewas

byit.A.moving;movedB.moved;movedC.tomove;movedD.moving;moving分析：動詞變adj.：-ing修飾物；令人感動的；-ed修飾人，感到感動的原則三Thechildrentalksoloudlyatthetablesohehadastruggle.A.tobeheardB.hearingC.heardD.tohear分析：根據題意，“被聽見”，首先排除B和D.兩外表示目的，用todo.Atthebeginningofclass,thenoiseofdeskscouldbeheardoutsidetheclassom.A.openedandclosedB.tobeopenedandclosedC.beingopenedandclosedD.toopenandclose分析：desks與openandclose存在被動關系，首先排除D。無目的關系，排除B。過去分詞除了表被動還表示動作發(fā)生在謂語動詞之前，這里應該是指聲音的發(fā)出和被聽到是同時的，所以被-ing分詞的被動形式。原則四HetoldherthatJohnnyhadaverypoorchance

wellagain.A.gettingB.getC.togetD.tohavegotten分析：固定搭配：haveachancetodosth.有機會做某事。選C。MymothertolemetorememberwindowswhenIwentout.A.closingB.tocloseC.tobecloseD.beingclosed分析：remember可接兩種形式，但意思不一樣。remembertodo是記得要做某事；rememberdoing是記得已經做過某事。選B。原則五Thoughhehadoftenmadehislittlesister

todayhewasmadebyhislittlesister.A.cry;tocryB.crying;cryingC.cry;cryD.tocry;cry分析：感官動詞see,want,observe,notice,lookat,hear,listento,及使役動詞have,let,make等后面接不到to的不定式作賓語補足語，表示動作的整個完成的過程。變被動式，要還原to。原則六Heharriedtothestation,only

thatthetrainhadleft.A.tofindB.findingC.foundD.tohavefound分析：表結果狀語，onlytodosth.表示出乎人意料的結果Facedwithabillfor10,000yuan,.A.Johnhastakenanextrajob.B.thebosshasgivenJohnanextrajobC.anextrajobhasbeentakenD.anextrajobhasbeengiventoJohn分析：做狀元，主句和分句主語一致。非謂語動詞例題分析1._________andguilty,Maggieputthebookbackontheshelfshehadsecretlyplacedinherschoolbag.A.FrightenedB.FrighteningC.BefrightenedD.Tobefrightening2.Johnistheonlyoneofthestudentsintheclassthatnever________amistakeevenwhenitispointedtohim.A.admitmakingB.admitsmakingC.admittomakeD.admitstomake例題分析3.Asmallplanecrashedintoahillsidefivemileseastofthecity,_________allfourpeopleonboard.A.killedB.killingC.killsD.tokill4.Thereisagreatdealofevidence_________thatmusicactivitiesengagedifferentpartsofthebrain.A.indicateB.indicatingC.toindicateD.tobeindicating例題分析5.The8.8quakeincentralChilecausedwidespreaddamage,destroyinglotsofbuildingsandhundredsofthousandsofpeople_________.A.toaffectB.affectingC.affectD.affected6.___________alittlemoney,Jimmywasabletobuyhismotheralovelybirthdaypresent.A.TosaveB.SavingC.HavingsavedD.Saved例題分析7._________himbefore,IdidntrecognizehimA.HavingneverseenB.NeverseeingC.NotseeingD.Havingnotseen8._________andshortofbreath,AndyandRubywerethefirsttoreachthetopofMountTai.A.TobetiredB.TiredC.TiringD.Beingtired例題分析9.Withtwo