2018-2019學(xué)年北師大版高中英語必修四教學(xué)案：Unit10 Money-語法篇（教師版）

學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精Unit10Money語法篇____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________1、不定代詞.2、不定式.不定代詞some/any/no=1\＊GB3①some，any作“一些，某個"講,表示不確定的或未知的數(shù)量數(shù)目，可用在可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞前.some通常用于肯定陳述句中，any用于否定句，疑問句或條件狀語從句中。例:Shepickedsomeflowersfromthegarden。Doyouhaveanymoneywithyou?=2\*GB3②some可用在表示邀請或請求的句子中，表示希望對方給予肯定回答。例：MayIaskyousomequestions？=3\＊GB3③any用于肯定句中，表示“任何(一個）的”。例:Youmaycomeatanytime。=4\＊GB3④no=nota/notany,作定語，后跟可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞。例:Ihavenochoice。Alotof/lotsof/plentyof/many/much=1\＊GB3①alotof，lotsof,plentyof意為“許多，大量的",可用于可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)和不可數(shù)名詞前。例：Alotofpeoplesaythattheylivefornopurpose.Youneedtowearlotsofwarmclothes。Thereisplentyoftime.=2\*GB3②many后跟可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，much后跟不可數(shù)名詞。例:HespeakssomeChinese，butnotmuch。Howmanypeoplearethereintheroom？all/none；both/neither；either=1\＊GB3①all指三個或三個以上的人或事物，both指兩個人或物,在句中都可作主語，賓語，表語，同位語或定語。例：Weareallstudents.Allofusshouldworkhard。=2\＊GB3②both和all都可直接修飾名詞.名詞前有限定詞時，其前只能用bothof或allof。例:Bothofbrothersareclever。=3\*GB3③neither意為“（兩者）都不”；none意為“沒有人，一個也沒有”;either表示“兩者之一”或“（兩者中的)任何一個”，用于單數(shù)名詞，of+賓格人稱代詞或帶限定詞的復(fù)數(shù)名詞前，作主語，賓語或定語。例：Neitherofusisadoctor.Noneofthebooksarehelpful。Herearetwobrushes.Useeither.Another/other/theother/theothers=1\＊GB3①another表示三者或三者以上中的另一個,意思是“再一，又一"。一般接可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)。例：Lucy，wouldyoulikeanothercake?=2\*GB3②other泛指“其他的，另外的”，可接復(fù)數(shù)名詞；復(fù)數(shù)形式others表示“另一些”，相當(dāng)于other+名詞。例:Doyouhaveanyotherquestions?Somearecarryingwater，othersarewateringthetree。=3\*GB3③theother指“兩者中的另一個"，常與one連用，構(gòu)成one…theother…結(jié)構(gòu);theothers特制一定范圍內(nèi)的“其余的人或物”。例：Mr。andMrs.Shutehavetwochildren.Oneisadaughter，andtheotherisason。Ihavegottenpencils.Twoofthemarered，theothersareblue.不定式動詞不定式是一種非謂語動詞形式，其結(jié)構(gòu)為“to+動詞原形”，其中to是動詞不定時的符號.動詞不定式?jīng)]有人稱和數(shù)的變化.不定式具有動詞的特征,可和后面的名詞等構(gòu)成不定式短語；不定式具有名詞,形容詞和副詞的作用，可以在句子中作主語，表語，賓語，補(bǔ)足語，定語，狀語。不定式作主語：=1\＊GB3①不定式作主語，表示特指的一次性動作。Tosayisonething；todoisanother.=2\＊GB3②為了避免句子的頭重腳輕，可以用it作形式主語，而把真正的主語—動詞不定式（短語）放在句子的后部.ItisnoteasytolearnEnglishwell。不定式作賓語：=1\＊GB3①英語中agree,ask，aim,arrange，choose,decide,demand，expect,fail,help,hope,learn,manage，offer，plan,prepare,pretend，promise,refuse，wish等動詞后需接不定式作賓語。Thegovernmentdecidedtorebuildthedamagebridge.=2\＊GB3②decide,know,consider，forget,learn，remember,show，understand，see，wonder,hear，findout，explain，tell等動詞后常接“疑問詞+不定式"作賓語。Thedriverwonderedhowtostartthecarinsuchacoldmorning。不定式作表語=1\*GB3①不定式作表語一般表示具體動作,特別是表示將來的動作。Mywishistojointhearmyaftergraduation.=2\*GB3②如果主語是不定式，表示條件，表語也應(yīng)用不定式，表示結(jié)果.Toseeistobelieve。=3\＊GB3③如果主語的中心詞是aim，duty，hope,idea，happiness，job，plan，problem，wish等，或是以wish引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句，不定式作表語對其作補(bǔ)充說明。Hisjobistofeedanimals.不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語:=1\*GB3①英語中advise，allow,ask,beg，encourage,expect，force,forbid,get，order，permit，persuade,require，teach，tell,want,wish,warn等動詞后常接不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語，且不定式符號to不能省略。Sheaskedmetoaccompanyhertotheairport.=2\*GB3②不定式在動詞let，make,feel,hear，see，observe等后作賓語補(bǔ)足語時,不定式符號to需省略。Theaccidentmadeusrealizethatsafetycan’tbeignored。=3\*GB3③動詞help接動詞不定式作賓語不足語時，不定式符號to可省略也可不省略.

Afterthedinnerhehelpedhismother（to）washupthedishes.不定式作定語:不定式作定語，一般都是作后置定語,修飾前面的名詞或代詞.=1\*GB3①主謂關(guān)系，被修飾的名詞或代詞實(shí)際上是不定式的邏輯主語。Weneedsomepeopletohelppickapples。=2\*GB3②動賓關(guān)系，被修飾的名詞或代詞是動詞不定式的邏輯賓語。Ihavemanythingstodo。同位關(guān)系,不定式是對其所修飾的名詞作解釋說明.We’vemadeaplantospendtheweekend.不定式作狀語：不定式作狀語，可表示動作的目的，結(jié)果，原因，條件和方式。=1\＊GB3①todo,inordertodo,soastodo都可表示目的,但todo，inordertodo的位置既可在句首，又可在句末；而soastodo只能放在句末。Ilefthomeatsevensoasto/inordertobethereontime。=2\*GB3②表結(jié)果，不定式在下列結(jié)構(gòu)中表示謂語動作的結(jié)果,不定時的動作一般在句子末尾。=1\*GB2⑴表示終結(jié)性的動詞find,see,hear，learn,discover的不定式，常表示出乎意料的結(jié)果，并且不定式前常有never，only等副詞修飾。HearrivedinNewOrleanswithoutapennyinhispocketonlytofindthattherewerenoboatsforSouthAmerica.=2\*GB2⑵在“so+adj。/adv。+as+todo"中。Thesceneryissobeautifulastoattractmanypeoplehereeveryyear.=3\＊GB2⑶在“adj./adv.+enough+todo”中.HeranfastenoughtocatchupwithLiLei。=4\*GB2⑷在“too+adj./adv.(forsb.)+todo”中。It’stoomuchformetoabsorballatonce。=3\*GB3③表原因，不定式常在形容詞afraid，glad,pleased,sad，worried，sorrow，surprised，excited等后面說明主語的某種心情，情感所產(chǎn)生的原因。Theyareverygladtosetfootontheirhomeland.例1。Theydon’tcometothebookclubanymore,for_____reasonsforothers。somealleitherboth解析:句意:因?yàn)檫@樣或那樣的原因,他們不再來圖書俱樂部了。some在此意為“某些，某種"。答案：A.例2。Neithersideispreparedtotalkto_____unlesswecansmooththingsoverbetweenthem。otherstheotheranotheroneother解析：句意：除非我們能消除他們之間的矛盾，否則他們兩個人都不愿意和對方講話.此題考查代詞用法。others沒有范圍，指別人；another沒有范圍，指另一個；theother指兩者中的另一方，根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞neither（兩者都不）可以推斷出應(yīng)用theother。答案：B。例3。Insomelanguages,100wordsmakeuphalfofallwords_____indailyconversation。usingtousehavingusedused解析：句意：在有些語言中，100個詞就占了日常對話的50%，。本題考查非謂語動詞作后置定語。use和words是邏輯上的被動關(guān)系，而四個選項(xiàng)中只有D項(xiàng)表示被動，即可推斷出正確答案。答案：D。例4.Theenginejustwon’tstart。Sometimesseems_____wrongwithit。A。togoB。tohavegoneC.goingD。havinggone解析:句意:發(fā)動機(jī)就是啟動不起來.看來它是出毛病了。本題考查非謂語動詞作表語。Seem后接不定式，排除C和D兩項(xiàng)，根據(jù)發(fā)動機(jī)不能啟動的事實(shí)說明發(fā)動機(jī)已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)了問題,故排除A項(xiàng)，即可推斷出正確答案。答案:B。例5.(2015北京豐臺高三一模）Theroad_____nextweekleadstoHighway62。A。buildingB。tobuildC.tobebuiltD.built解析：句意：下星期要修建的那條路通往62號高速公路。Build和句子謂語leads之間沒有連詞，故用build的非謂語動詞形式，且theroad與build構(gòu)成邏輯上的被動關(guān)系。此外，根據(jù)nextweek可知，動作還未發(fā)生，故用動詞不定式的被動形式作后置定語，即可推斷出正確答案。答案：C.基礎(chǔ)演練一,用some或any填空。—Whenshallwegotolookattheapartment?—Makeit_____dayyoulike；it’sallthesametome.2。Janewasaskedalotofquestions,butshedidn’tanswer_____ofthem.3.—What’sthat?Itsmellsgreat!-It'smilktea.Wouldyoulike_____?4.Shegave_____ofthemeattothecat。5.Wedidthejobwithout_____difficulty.6.Dropinonmeat_____time。7。Ifhehadread_____ofthosebooks，hewouldhaveknowntheanswer.Keys：一,1。any 2.any3.some 4.some5.any 6.any7。any鞏固提高一，單項(xiàng)選擇。Hedoesn’thave_____furnitureinhisroom–justanolddesk。any B。many C.some D。muchThetwogirlsaregettingonverywellandshare_____witheachother。little B.much C.some D.noneIt’saneither—orsituation–wecananewcarthisyearorwecangoonholidaybutwecan’tdo_____.others B.either C。each D.bothI’velivedinNewYorkandChicago，butdon’tlike_____ofthemverymuch。either B.any C。each D.another—John,whenshallwemeetagain,ThursdayofFriday?-_____.I’llbeofftoLondonthen.either B。Neither C.Both D.NoneLarryasksBillandPetertogoonapicnicwithhim，but_____ofthemwantsto，becausetheyhaveworktodo。either B.any C.neither D。noneYouareateamstar！Workingwith_____isreallyyourcupoftea.both B。either C。others D.theotherIfeltsobadalldayyesterdaythatIdecidedthismorningIcouldn’tface____daylikethat.other B。another C.theother D.othersKeys：1-8。DBDABCCB單項(xiàng)選擇。It'simportantforthefigures_____regularly。tobeupdated B。tohavebeenupdated C.toupdate D。tohaveupdatedMaryhastroubleinspeaking,whichmakesitdifficult_____herthoughtsandfeelings.express B.expressing C.expressed D。toexpressHetoldmethathisaimwas_____ajobaroundheretosupporthimselfwhilehestudiedintheuniversitythesedays.toget B。tobelosing C。tobelost D.havinglostPassengersarepermitted____onlyonepieceofhardluggageontotheplane。tocarry B。carrying C。tobecarried D。beingcarriedWithsomanyproblems_____，Jacklookslikeacatonahottinroof。solved B。tosolve C.solving D.tobesolvedWithsomanythings_____，Ihavetoworklateintothenight.todealwith B.dealtwith C。dealingwith D.beingdealtwithTheability_____anideaisasimportantastheidesitself。expressing B。expressed C.toexpress D.tobeexpressedWiththeworldchangingfast，wehavesomethingnew_____withallbyourselveseveryday.deal B.dealt C.todeal D.dealingBird’ssingingissometimesawarningtootherbirds_____away。tostay B.staying C。stayed D.stayTheoldmansatinfrontofthetelevisioneveryevening,happy_____anythingthathappenedtobeon。towatch B。watching C.watched D.tohavewatchedTomtookataxitotheairport，only_____hisplanehighupinthesky.finding B。tofind C.beingfound D。tohavefound(2015北京大興高三一模）Thetopic_____attomorrow’smeetingisveryimportanttoallofus，soeveryoneshouldbehereontome。discussing B。discussed C。tobediscussed D.discuss（2015北京西城高三第一學(xué)期期末）____thetravellingneedsofpassengers，ChinaRailwayCorporationhasdecidedthatpeoplecanbooktickets60daysinadvance.Meet B。Tomeet C.Met D。Meeting(2015北京豐臺高三第一學(xué)期期末）Peopleplantedtreesonthewastehills_____waterandsoilloss.todecrease B.decreasing C。decreased D.decrease(2015北京石景山高三第一學(xué)期期末）Scotlandvotedagainstindependence;morethanhalfofthepeoplechose____partoftheUnitedKingdom。remaining B.remained C.tohaveremained D。toremainKeys: 一,1—15DABABBCCAABCBAD__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________一，完形填空。IsetupaclassroomlibraryofbooksthatIbought1myownmoney。Thelibrarylooksbeautiful，likea2.Andmystudents3itverymuch.Ireadthechildrenastory。Itisaboutagirlwhois4poorthatshewearsthe5dresstoschooleveryday。Butshesaysshehasahundreddress6。Theothergirlslaughatheruntilshegoesaway。7,herclassmatesdiscovershereallyhasahundreddresses–ahundredbeautifuldrawingsofdresses。Oh，God,everychild8whenIclosethebook.9amomenteverythingisquiet.Thenaboy10inmyear,“Ihavetotelltheclasssomething.”HeshowsmethathehashalfafingerIturnhimtowardstheclassandputmy12onhisshoulder。Heisabit13?！癐…Ionlyhavenineandahalffingers?！盚e14hishands?！癙leasedon’tlaughatmeaboutit."Thestudentsbecome15.Thenoneboycallsout,“16whomakes17ofyou，I’llkickthem.”“Me，too，”says18.Whentheboyseestheclass19united(團(tuán)結(jié)),heisvery20andsmilesatme.1.A.with B.in C.for D。use2.A.fruitshop B.bookshop C.flowershop D。toyshop3。A.hate B.complain C。like D。decorate4.A.very B.too C。so D.such5。A。expensive B。same C.different D.modern6.A.atschool B。athome C.inthefactory D。intheshop7。A。Later B。Before C.Ago D.Late8.A.runs B.shouts C.plays D。cries9.A.For B。Since C。On D.With10.A.speaks B.talks C.tells D。says11。A.missing B.losing C。disappeared D.appeared12。A。head B。hands C。heart D。face13.A。worried B.sad C.nervous D.excited14。A.putsdown B.putson C.putsaway D。putsup15.A。excited B。noisy C.s