氣象專業(yè)英語(yǔ)詞匯

-主題詞表standard[pressure]level標(biāo)準(zhǔn)EnglishChinese層01.大氣isothermallayer等溫層atmosphericscience大氣科學(xué)loweratmosphere低層大氣meteorology氣象學(xué)middleatmosphere中層大氣theoreticalmeteorology理論upperatmosphere高層大氣氣象學(xué)troposphere對(duì)流層mesometeorology中尺度氣象tropopause對(duì)流層頂學(xué)stratosphere平流層micrometeorology微氣象學(xué)stratopause平流層頂physicalmeteorology物理氣mesosphere中間層象學(xué)mesopause中間層頂atmosphere大氣thermosphere熱層evolutionofatmosphere大氣exosphere外[逸]層演化ionosphere電離層atmosphericimpurity大氣雜質(zhì)magnetosphere磁層atmosphericsuspendedmagnetopause磁層頂matter大氣懸浮物chemosphere光化層atmosphericdiffusion大氣擴(kuò)散chemopause光化層頂atmosphericcomposition大氣ozonosphere臭氧層成分freeatmosphere自由大氣atmosphericion大氣離子planetaryatmosphere行星大atmosphericmass大氣質(zhì)量氣airquality大氣品位standardatmosphericdensity大氣密度atmosphere(referenceatmosphericsubdivision大氣atmosphere)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)大氣（參考大分層氣）homosphere均質(zhì)層homogeneousatmosphere均heterosphere非均質(zhì)層質(zhì)大氣homopause均質(zhì)層頂isothermalatmosphere等溫大significantlevel特性層氣--polytropicatmosphere多元大mixingratio混合比氣dewpoint[temperature]露點(diǎn)scaleheight大氣標(biāo)高(溫度)meteorologicalelement氣象depressionofthedewpoint要素（溫度）露點(diǎn)差airtemperature氣溫super-saturatedair過飽和空氣wet-bulbtemperature濕球溫saturationspecifichumidity飽度和比濕dry-bulbtemperature干球溫saturationvaporpressure飽和度水汽壓temperatureprofile溫度廓線psychrometricformula測(cè)濕公atmosphericpressure氣壓式standardatmospherepressuresaturationdeficit飽和差標(biāo)準(zhǔn)大氣壓internationalcloudatlas國(guó)際stationpressure本站氣壓云圖sea-levelpressure海平面氣壓cloud云pressuregradient氣壓梯度lowcloud低云barometricheightformula壓middlecloud中云高公式highcloud高云pressuregradientforce氣壓梯cloudbase云底度力cloudtop云頂Coriolisforce科里奧利力cloudceiling云冪watervapor水[蒸]汽cloudamount云量transferofwatervapor水汽輸totalcloudcover總云量送cloudwithverticalwatervaporprofile水汽廓線development直展云watervaporpressure水汽壓cloudheight云高h(yuǎn)umidity濕度cloudgenera云屬relativehumidity相對(duì)濕度cloudetage云族absolutehumidity絕對(duì)濕度cloudspecies云種specifichumidity比濕cloudvariety云類--cloudform云狀云cirrus,Ci卷云cumulusmediocris,Cumed中cirrusfibratus,Cifib毛卷云展積云cirrusspissatus,Cispi密卷云cumulusfractus,Cufra碎積云cirrusuncinus,Ciunc鉤卷云cumuluscongestus,Cucon濃cirrostratus,Cs卷層云積云cirrostratusfibratus,Csfib毛卷cumulonimbus,Cb積雨云層云cumulonimbuscalvus,Cbcalcirrostratusnebulosus,Csneb禿積雨云薄幕卷層云cumulonimbuscapillatus,Cbcirrocumulus,Cc卷積云cap鬃積雨云altocumulus,Ac高積云stratocumulus,Sc層積云altocumulustranslucidus,Actrstratocumulustranslucidus,Sc透光高積云tr透光層積云altocumulusopacus,Acop蔽stratocumulusopacus,Scop光高積云蔽光層積云altocumuluslenticularis,Aclenstratocumuluscumulogenitus,莢狀高積云Sccug積云性層積云altocumuluscumulogenitus,stratocumuluscastellanus,ScAccug積云性高積云cas堡狀層積云altocumulusfloccus絮狀高積stratocumuluslenticularis,Sc云len莢狀層積云altocumuluscastellanus,Acstratus,St層云cas堡狀高積云stratusfractus,Stfra碎層云altostratus,As高層云nimbostratus,Ns雨層云altostratustranslucidus,Astr透stratiformcloud層狀云光高層云cumuliformcloud積狀云altostratusopacus,Asop蔽光fracto-nimbus,Fn碎雨云高層云chaoticsky混亂天空cumulus,Cu積云coldcloud冷云cumulushumilis,Cuhum淡積warmcloud暖云--icecloud冰云surfacewind地面風(fēng)watercloud水云foehn焚風(fēng)hailcloud[冰]雹云mountain-valleybreeze山谷wind風(fēng)風(fēng)winddirection風(fēng)向sea-landbreeze海陸風(fēng)windspeed,windvelocity風(fēng)on-shorewind向岸風(fēng)速off-shorewind離岸風(fēng)maximumwindspeed最大風(fēng)gorgewind峽谷風(fēng)速slopewind坡風(fēng)extremewindspeed極大風(fēng)速glacierbreeze冰川風(fēng)windspeedprofile風(fēng)速廓線drainagewind流泄風(fēng)horizontalwindvector水平風(fēng)visibility能見度矢量effectivevisibility有效能見度windforce風(fēng)力visualrangeoflight燈光能見距windforcescale風(fēng)級(jí)Beaufort[wind]scale蒲福風(fēng)級(jí)calm0級(jí)風(fēng)lightair1級(jí)風(fēng)lightbreeze2級(jí)風(fēng)gentlebreeze3級(jí)風(fēng)moderatebreeze4級(jí)風(fēng)freshbreeze5級(jí)風(fēng)strongbreeze6級(jí)風(fēng)neargale7級(jí)風(fēng)gale8級(jí)風(fēng)stronggale9級(jí)風(fēng)storm10級(jí)風(fēng)violentstorm11級(jí)風(fēng)hurricane12級(jí)風(fēng)gust陣風(fēng)localwind地方性風(fēng)

離surfacevisibility地面能見度horizontalvisibility水平能見度verticalvisibility垂直能見度slantvisibility傾斜能見度meteor大氣現(xiàn)象weatherphenomenon天氣現(xiàn)象clearsky晴天partlycloudy少云cloudy多云overcast陰天blueofthesky天空藍(lán)度apparentformofthesky天穹形狀stateofground地面狀態(tài)skycondition天空狀況--precipitation 降水a(chǎn)mount of precipitation 降水量precipitationintensity 降水強(qiáng)度showery precipitation 陣性降水convective precipitation 對(duì)流性降水non-convective precipitation非對(duì)流性降水orographicprecipitation地形降水rain雨rainvirga雨幡raindrop雨滴rainshadow雨影glaze雨凇rainday雨日rainfall[amount]雨量continuousprecipitation連續(xù)性降水intermittentprecipitation間歇性降水showeryrain陣雨freezingrain凍雨drizzle毛毛雨lightrain小雨moderaterain中雨heavyrain大雨torrentialrain暴雨localprecipitation地方性降水

orographicrain地形雨storm風(fēng)暴sandstorm,duststorm 沙[塵]暴hailstorm雹暴haze霾hazealoft高空霾dust浮塵blowingsand高吹沙driftingsand低吹沙dew露frost霜frostpoint霜點(diǎn)firstfrost初霜latestfrost終霜tornado龍卷dustdevil塵卷風(fēng)squall颮snow雪snowvirga雪幡sleet雨夾雪showerysnow陣雪snowcrystal雪晶snowflake雪花snowgrains米雪snowstorm雪暴drivensnow吹雪driftingsnow低吹雪blowingsnow高吹雪snowcover積雪snowfall[amount]雪量snowdepth雪深--snowday雪日mixingfog混合霧icing積冰evaporationfog蒸發(fā)霧wireicing電線積冰supercooledfog過冷卻霧hail冰雹groundfog地面霧hailstone雹塊upslopefog上坡霧icepellet冰丸air-massfog氣團(tuán)霧thunder雷tropicalairfog熱帶氣團(tuán)霧thunderstorm雷暴rime霧凇thundershower雷陣雨graupel霰orographicthunderstorm地形percentageofsunshine日照雷暴百分率thunderstormcell雷暴單體sunshineduration日照時(shí)數(shù)atmospherics天電durationofpossiblesunshinelightning閃電可照時(shí)數(shù)lightningchannel閃電通道02.大氣探測(cè)forkedlightning叉狀閃電atmosphericsoundingandsheetlightning片狀閃電observing大氣探測(cè)balllightning球狀閃電meteorologicalobservationstreaklightning條狀閃電氣象觀測(cè)pearl-necklacelightning串珠synopticobservation天氣觀測(cè)狀閃電synoptichour天氣觀測(cè)時(shí)間fog霧principalsynopticobservationmist輕霧基本天氣觀測(cè)wetfog濕霧intermediatesynopticseafog海霧observation輔助天氣觀測(cè)icefog冰霧surfaceobservation地面觀測(cè)frontalfog鋒面霧visualobservation目測(cè)advectionfog平流霧backgroundpollutionradiationfog 輻射霧 observation 本底污染觀測(cè)advection-radiation fog 平流 fieldobservation 外場(chǎng)觀測(cè)輻射霧 conventionalobservation 常規(guī)--觀測(cè)observationalerror觀測(cè)誤差non-conventionalobservationsupplementaryobservation補(bǔ)非常規(guī)觀測(cè)充觀測(cè)shipobservation船舶觀測(cè)autographicrecords自記記錄fixedpointobservation定點(diǎn)觀surfacedata地面資料測(cè)upperairdata高空資料space-basedobservation空barometerlevel氣壓表高度基觀測(cè)pressurereduction氣壓換算ground-basedobservation地barometriccorrection氣壓訂基觀測(cè)正mountainobservation山地觀internationalsynopticcode國(guó)測(cè)際[天氣]電碼sounding探空networkofmeteorologicalupperairobservation高空觀測(cè)station氣象臺(tái)站網(wǎng)auxiliaryshipobservation,ASOobservationsite觀測(cè)場(chǎng)輔助船舶觀測(cè)meteorologicalplatform氣象aircraftsounding飛機(jī)探測(cè)觀測(cè)平臺(tái)rocketsounding火箭探測(cè)oceanweatherstation海洋氣radiosounding無(wú)線電探空象站captiveballoonsounding系留fixedshipstation固定船舶站氣球探測(cè)mobileshipstation移動(dòng)船舶站pilotballoonobservation測(cè)風(fēng)mountainobservationstation氣球觀測(cè)高山[觀]測(cè)站radiowindobservation無(wú)線電automaticmeteorological測(cè)風(fēng)觀測(cè)station自動(dòng)氣象站standardtimeofobservationmeteorologicalinstrument氣標(biāo)準(zhǔn)觀測(cè)時(shí)間象儀器actualtimeofobservation實(shí)screen,instrumentshelter百葉際觀測(cè)時(shí)間箱observationalfrequency觀測(cè)thermometer溫度表次數(shù)telethermometer遙測(cè)溫度表--thermograph溫度計(jì)國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)氣壓表geothermometer地溫表regionalstandardbarometersurfacegeothermometer地面區(qū)域標(biāo)準(zhǔn)氣壓表溫度表absolutestandardbarometeranglegeothermometer曲管絕對(duì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)氣壓表地溫表microbarograph微壓計(jì)tube-typedgeothermometermercurybarometer水銀氣壓直管地溫表表grassthermometer草溫表Fortinbarometer福丁氣壓表maximumthermometer最高Kewpatternbarometer寇烏氣溫度表壓表minimumthermometer最低溫hygrograph濕度計(jì)度表hygrometer濕度表mercurythermometer水銀溫psychrometer干濕表度表aspiratedpsychrometer通風(fēng)Lyman-αhygrometer萊曼-α濕干濕表度表standardaspiratedbimetallicthermograph雙金psychrometer標(biāo)準(zhǔn)通風(fēng)干濕表屬片溫度計(jì)whirlingpsychrometer,slingbarograph氣壓計(jì)psychrometer手搖干濕表aneroidbarograph空盒氣壓計(jì)Assmannpsychrometer阿斯曼mountainbarograph高山氣壓干濕表計(jì)dew-pointhygrometer露點(diǎn)濕barometer氣壓表度表aneroidbarometer空盒氣壓表hairhygrometer毛發(fā)濕度表ship-barometer船用氣壓表hairhygrograph毛發(fā)濕度計(jì)mountainbarometer高山氣壓blackandwhitebulb表thermometer黑白球溫度表pressurealtimeter氣壓測(cè)高表barothermograph氣壓溫度計(jì)normalbarometer標(biāo)準(zhǔn)氣壓表dry-bulbthermometer干球溫nationalstandardbarometer度表--wet-bulbthermometer濕球溫raingauge水導(dǎo)[式]雨量計(jì)度表siphonrainfallrecorder虹吸[式]sunshinerecorder日照計(jì)雨量計(jì)Jordansunshinerecorder喬唐rainfallintensityrecorder雨強(qiáng)日照計(jì)計(jì)Campbell-Stokessunshinetelemeteringpluviograph遙測(cè)recorder康培爾-司托克日照計(jì)雨量計(jì)pyrheliometer直接輻射表windvane風(fēng)向標(biāo)pyranometer總輻射表anemometer風(fēng)速表skyradiometerdiffusometer天contactanemometer電接風(fēng)空輻射表速表albedometer反照率表cupanemometer轉(zhuǎn)杯風(fēng)速表pyranometer凈輻射表propelleranemometer螺旋槳pilot-balloonplottingboard測(cè)[式]風(fēng)速表風(fēng)繪圖板anemorumbometer風(fēng)向風(fēng)速hail-rainseparator雹雨分離器表evaporograph蒸發(fā)計(jì)hot-wireanemometer熱線風(fēng)evaporationpan小型蒸發(fā)器速表evaporationtank大型蒸發(fā)器strongwindanemograph強(qiáng)風(fēng)standardpan標(biāo)準(zhǔn)蒸發(fā)器儀ceilingprojector云冪燈navaidwind-finding導(dǎo)航測(cè)風(fēng)visibilitymeter,visiometer能見laserceilometer激光云冪儀度表anemograph風(fēng)速計(jì)raingauge雨量器radiotheodolite無(wú)線電經(jīng)緯儀pluviograph,recordingaerologicaltheodolite測(cè)風(fēng)經(jīng)raingauge雨量計(jì)緯儀accumulativeraingauge累計(jì)radiosonde無(wú)線電探空儀雨量器dropsonde下投式探空儀tiltingbucketraingauge翻斗constantlevelballoon定高氣[式]雨量計(jì)球electricconductivityultrasonicanemometer超聲測(cè)--風(fēng)儀ceilingballoon 云冪氣球meteorological aircraft 氣象飛機(jī)snowscale,snowdepthscale量雪尺weightingsnow-gauge稱雪器drosometer,dewgauge測(cè)露表frozensoilapparatus凍土器sonde探空儀profiler廓線儀meteorologicalrocket氣象火箭soundingrocket探空火箭weatherradar天氣雷達(dá)meteorologicalradar氣象雷達(dá)lidar激光雷達(dá)sodar,acousticradar聲[雷]達(dá)Dopplerradar多普勒天氣雷達(dá)incoherentradar非相干雷達(dá)radarnetworkcomposite雷達(dá)組網(wǎng)radarsounding雷達(dá)探空windfindingradar測(cè)風(fēng)雷達(dá)Dopplersodar多普勒聲達(dá)Dopplerlidar多普勒激光雷達(dá)MSTradarMST雷達(dá)UHFDopplerradar超高頻雷達(dá)VHFradar甚高頻雷達(dá)coherentmemoryfilter,CMF

相干存儲(chǔ)濾波器radarrainfallintegrator雷達(dá)雨量積分器rangevelocitydisplay,RVD距離速度顯示velocityazimuthdisplay,VAD速度方位顯示constantaltitudeplanpositionindicator,CAPPI等高平面位置顯示器plan postion indicator, PPI平面位置顯示器plan shear indicator, PSI平面切變顯示器velocityazimuthrangedisplay,VARD速度方位距離顯示radarsonde雷達(dá)測(cè)風(fēng)儀atmospheric remote sensing大氣遙感inversetechnique 反演法temperatureretrieval 溫度反演inversionofsatellitesounding衛(wèi)星探測(cè)反演meteorologicalsatellite 氣象衛(wèi)星NIMBUS雨云衛(wèi)星NOAA 諾阿衛(wèi)星polar-orbiting meteorologicalsatellite極軌氣象衛(wèi)星TIROS泰羅斯衛(wèi)星TIROS-N泰羅斯-N衛(wèi)星--ESSA艾薩衛(wèi)星delaypicturetransmission,DPTITOS艾托斯衛(wèi)星延時(shí)圖象傳輸geostationarymeteorologicaldirectread-outgroundstationsatellite,GMS地球靜止氣象衛(wèi)星直讀式地面站meteorologicalsatelliteweatherfacsimile,WEFAX天氣groundstation氣象衛(wèi)星地面站圖傳真microwaveradiometer微波輻synopticdata天氣資料射儀non-synopticdata非天氣資料highresolutioninterferometricrealtimedata實(shí)時(shí)資料sounder高分辨[率]干涉探測(cè)器non-realtimedata非實(shí)時(shí)資料highresolutioninfraredstretcheddata時(shí)展資料radiationsounder,HRIRS高分sub-satellitepoint[衛(wèi)星]星下點(diǎn)辨[率]紅外輻射探測(cè)器temporalresolution時(shí)間分辨率scanningradiometer,SR掃描spatialresolution空間分辨率輻射儀fullresolution全分辨率veryhighresolutionradiometer,radiationtransferequation輻VHRR甚高分辨率輻射儀射傳輸方程verticaltemperatureprofileatmospherictransmissionradiometer溫度垂直廓線輻射model大氣傳輸模式儀03.大氣物理學(xué)datacollectionplatform,DCPatmosphericphysics大氣物理資料收集平臺(tái)[學(xué)]automaticpicturetransmission,cloudphysics云物理學(xué)APT自動(dòng)圖象傳輸precipitationphysics降水物理highresolutionpicture學(xué)transmission,HRPT高分辨[率]圖clouddynamics云動(dòng)力學(xué)象傳輸middleatmosphericphysicshighresolutionfacsimile,中層大氣物理學(xué)HR-FAX高分辨率[云圖]傳真aeronomy高空大氣學(xué)lowresolutionfacsimile,LR-FAXaerology高空氣象學(xué)低分辨率[云圖]傳真radiometeorology無(wú)線電氣象--學(xué)stratosphericaerosol平流層氣boundarylayermeteorology溶膠邊界層氣象學(xué)hailgenerationzone冰雹生成boundarylayerclimate邊界層區(qū)氣候conicalhail錐形冰雹atmosphericboundarylayerhailembryo雹核大氣邊界層haillobe雹瓣air-seainterface海氣界面hailpellet雹粒air-seaexchange海氣交換cumulonimbusmodel積雨云tracerdiffusionexperiment示模式蹤擴(kuò)散實(shí)驗(yàn)condensationprocess凝結(jié)過surfacelayer近地層程surfaceroughness地面粗糙度cloudcondensationnuclei,atmosphericduct大氣波導(dǎo)CCN云凝結(jié)核advection平流artificialnucleation人工成核作convection對(duì)流用freeconvection自由對(duì)流cloudtoptemperature云頂溫forcedconvection強(qiáng)迫對(duì)流度convectioncell對(duì)流單體ice-watermixedcloud冰水混Benardcell貝納胞合云Benardconvection貝納對(duì)流cloudstructure云結(jié)構(gòu)convectionmodel對(duì)流模式cloudparticlesampler云滴采updraught上曳氣流樣器downdraught下曳氣流clouddroplet-sizedistributiontransitionalflow過渡氣流云滴譜drydeposition干沉降clouddropletcollector云滴譜wetdeposition濕沉降儀aerosol氣溶膠raindropsizedistribution雨滴aerosolparticlesizedistribution譜氣溶膠粒子譜drop-sizedistributionaqueousaerosol濕氣溶膠parameter滴譜參數(shù)--disdrometer,raindropsalt-seeding鹽粉播撒disdrometer雨滴譜儀frostprevention防霜fog-drop霧滴cloudseeding播云clouddroplet云滴cloudseedingagent播云劑supercooledclouddroplet過artificialprecipitation人工降水冷云滴hailsuppression防雹dropspectrum滴譜fogdissipation消霧collision碰撞dynamiccloudseeding動(dòng)力coagulation碰并播云icecrystal冰晶radarmeteorology雷達(dá)氣象學(xué)iceneedle冰針meteorologicalradaricenucleus冰核equation氣象雷達(dá)方程icepoint冰點(diǎn)radarmeteorologicalcondensation凝結(jié)observation雷達(dá)氣象觀測(cè)evaporation蒸發(fā)radarreflectivityfactor雷達(dá)反potentialevaporation潛在蒸射率因子發(fā)radarequivalentreflectivitysolidification凝固factor雷達(dá)等效反射率因子deposition凝華weatherecho天氣回波sublimation升華cloudecho云回波freezing凍結(jié)echowall回波墻freezingnucleus凍結(jié)核superrefractionecho超折射回condensationnucleus凝結(jié)核波saltnucleus鹽核secondtripecho二次回波cloudchamber云室incoherentecho非相干回波combustionnucleus燃燒核coherentecho相干回波depositionnucleus凝華核groundecho地物回波weathermodification人工影clearairecho晴空回波響天氣convectiveecho對(duì)流回波targetarea目標(biāo)區(qū)whirlingecho渦旋狀回波clouddissipation消云spiralrain-bandecho螺旋雨帶--回波numberofrangesamples距離layeredecho層狀回波采樣數(shù)bandedecho帶狀回波coherent-videosignal相干視hookecho鉤狀回波頻信號(hào)weakechovault弱回波穹窿quantizedsignal量化信號(hào)precipitationecho降水回波depolarizationratio退偏振比angelecho異?；夭╮otationband轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)譜帶elevatedecho雨幡回波Dopplervelocity多普勒速度cellecho單體回波rangeambiguity距離模糊supercell超級(jí)單體maximumunambiguousrangemultiple-cellecho多單體回波最大不模糊距離echocomplex回波復(fù)合體velocityambiguity速度模糊cloudtopheight,CTH云頂高realtimedisplay實(shí)時(shí)顯示度patternrecognitiontechniqueechodepth回波厚度圖形識(shí)別技術(shù)echocharacter回波特征trackingradarechoesbyechoanalysis回波分析correlation,TREC雷達(dá)回波相關(guān)echodistortion回波畸變跟蹤法radarreflectivity雷達(dá)反射率thunderstormmonitoring雷暴superrefraction超折射監(jiān)測(cè)negativerefraction負(fù)折射grayscale灰[色標(biāo)]度troposphericrefraction對(duì)流層cloudattenuation云衰減折射precipitationattenuation降水beamfillingcoefficient波束充衰減塞系數(shù)rangeattenuation距離衰減rangebin距離庫(kù)echosyntheticchart回波綜合rangeaveraging距離平均圖azimuthaveraging方位平均iso-echocontour等回波線rangeresolution距離分辨率normalizedechointensity歸一azimuthresolution方位角分辨化回波強(qiáng)度率isolatedcell孤立單體--weakcell弱單體度satellitemeteorology衛(wèi)星氣象cloudcoverage云覆蓋區(qū)學(xué)cloudstreet云街satellitesounding衛(wèi)星探測(cè)cloudline云線cloudcluster云團(tuán)spiralcloudband螺旋云帶satellitecloudpicture衛(wèi)星云圖monsooncloudcluster季風(fēng)云sectorizedcloudpicture分區(qū)團(tuán)云圖tropicalcloudcluster熱帶云團(tuán)picturemosaic拼圖squallcloud颮線云imageprocessing圖象處理shieldcloud盾狀云distortioncorrection畸變校正open[cloud]cells開口型細(xì)胞infraredcloudpicture紅外云狀云圖close[cloud]cells封閉型細(xì)胞visiblecloudpicture可見光云狀云圖cellularpattern細(xì)胞狀云nulti-spectralimage,MSI多波cloudsystem云系段圖象commacloudsystem逗點(diǎn)云系microwaveimage微波圖象bandedcloudsystem帶狀云imageresolution圖象分辨率系digitizedcloudmap數(shù)字化云vortexcloudsystem渦旋云系圖jetstreamcloudsystem急流云enhancedcloudpicture增強(qiáng)系云圖satellitederivedwind衛(wèi)星云跡false-colorcloudpicture假彩風(fēng)色云圖satellitecloudpictureanalysispseudo-colorcloudpicture偽衛(wèi)星云圖分析彩色云圖limbscanningmethod臨邊掃full-disccloudpicture全景圓盤描法云圖limbretrieval臨邊反演nephanalysis云[層]分析圖occultationmethod掩星法brightnesstemperature亮度溫backscatterultraviolet--technique紫外輻射后向散射法atmospherictransmissivity大linearinversion線性反演氣透射率watervaporretrieval水汽反VanAllenradiationbelt范艾倫演輻射帶humidityretrieval濕度反演albedoofthelimbbrightening臨邊增亮earth-atmospheresystem地氣limbdarkening臨邊變暗系統(tǒng)反照率sunglint日照亮斑albedoofunderlyingsurfaceatmosphericradiation大氣輻下墊面反照率射earthradiationbelt地球輻射帶solarradiation太陽(yáng)輻射nocturnalradiation夜間輻射solarconstant太陽(yáng)常數(shù)atmosphericcounterradiationmonochromaticradiation單大氣逆輻射色輻射radiance輻射率outgoinglong-waveradiation,irradiation輻照OLR向外長(zhǎng)波輻射irradiance輻照度visiblelight可見光reflectedradiation反射輻射radiationbalance輻射平衡albedo反照率globalradiation總輻射bandmodel帶模式directradiation直接輻射statisticalbandmodel統(tǒng)計(jì)帶effectiveradiation有效輻射模式scatteredradiation散射輻射regularbandmodel規(guī)則帶模diffuseradiation漫射輻射式skyradiation天空輻射randomElsasserbandmodelupward[tatal]radiation向上隨機(jī)愛爾沙色帶模式[全]輻射strong-lineapproximation強(qiáng)線downward[total]radiation向近似下[全]輻射weak-lineapproximation弱線incomingradiation入射輻射近似equivalentclearcolumnplanetarytemperature行星溫radiance等效晴空輻射率度--atmosphericattenuation大氣one-wayattenuation單程衰減衰減two-wayattenuation雙程衰減atmosphericabsorption大氣scatteringcoefficient散射系數(shù)吸收attenuationcoefficient衰減系atmosphericwindow大氣窗數(shù)[atmospheric]absorptivity[大attenuationcross-section衰減氣]吸收率截面non-scatteringatmosphere無(wú)absorptioncross-section吸收散射大氣截面extinctioncoefficient消光系數(shù)atmosphericpolarization大氣atmosphericradioactivity大氣偏振放射性night-skylight夜天光atmosphericoptics大氣光學(xué)skybrightness,skyluminanceatmosphericopticalspectrum天空亮度大氣光譜atmosphericopticalthickness,atmosphericrefraction大氣折atmosphericopticaldepth大射氣光學(xué)厚度atmosphericopticalmass大氣[atmospheric]transparency光學(xué)質(zhì)量[大氣]透明度primaryscattering一次散射atmosphericopticalMiescattering米散射phenomena大氣光學(xué)現(xiàn)象multiplescattering多次散射atmosphericturbidity大氣渾濁Rayleighscattering瑞利散射度volumescatteringfunction體turbidityfactor渾濁因子散射函數(shù)mirage蜃景forwardscattering前向散射twilight曙暮光backscattering后向散射auroraaustralis南極光scatteringcross-section散射截auroraborealis北極光面anthelion反日backscatteringcross-sectionparhelion假日后向散射截面paraselene假月--46°halo46度暈學(xué)22°halo22度暈acousticsounding聲學(xué)探測(cè)solarhalo日暈04.大氣化學(xué)lunarhalo月暈atmosphericchemistry大氣化solarcorona日華學(xué)lunarcorona月華atmosphericphotochemistryrainbow虹大氣光化學(xué)secondaryrainbow霓atmosphericphotolysis大氣光halo暈解作用corona華atmosphericozone大氣臭氧twilightcolors霞atmospherictracegas大氣痕airglow氣輝量氣體aurora極光photochemicalreaction光化glory寶光[環(huán)]反應(yīng)atmosphericelectricity大氣電photochemicalsmog光化煙學(xué)霧fairweatherelectricfield晴天precipitationchemistry降水化電場(chǎng)學(xué)airdischarge空中放電thresholdtemperatureoficecloud-to-clouddischarge,nucleation成冰閾溫interclouddischarge云標(biāo)放電05.動(dòng)力氣象學(xué)clouddischarge云放電dynamicmeteorology動(dòng)力氣cloud-to-grounddischarge云象學(xué)地[間]放電atmosphericthermodynamicsionosphericstorm電離層暴大氣熱力學(xué)ionosphericsuddensensibleheat感熱disturbance電離層突擾latentheat潛熱magneticstorm磁暴reversibleadiabaticprocessatmosphericelectric可逆絕熱過程conductivity大氣電導(dǎo)率irreversibleadiabaticprocessatmosphericacoustics大氣聲不可逆絕熱過程--moistureinversion逆濕dryadiabaticlapserate干絕thermodynamicequation熱熱直減率力學(xué)方程moistadiabaticlapserate濕temperatureinversion逆溫絕熱直減率turbulenceinversion湍流逆溫condensationlevel,CL凝結(jié)高surfaceinversion地面逆溫度radiationinversion輻射逆溫condensationefficiency凝結(jié)cappinginversion覆蓋逆溫效率subsidenceinversion下沉逆溫thermalstratification熱力層結(jié)frontalinversion鋒面逆溫equivalenttemperature相當(dāng)inversionlayer逆溫層溫度isentropicchart等熵面圖virtualtemperature虛溫tephigram溫熵圖dryadiabaticprocess干絕熱T-lnpdiagram溫度-對(duì)數(shù)壓力圖過程temperaturegradient溫度梯moistadiabaticprocess濕絕度熱過程temperatureadvection溫度adiabaticdiagram絕熱圖平流pseudo-adiabaticdiagram假adiabaticascending絕熱上升絕熱圖adiabaticsinking絕熱下沉pseudo-adiabaticlapserateadiabaticcooling絕熱冷卻假絕熱直減率adiabaticheating絕熱增溫potentialtemperature位溫pseudo-adiabaticprocess假pseudo-equivalentpotential絕熱過程temperature假相當(dāng)位溫diabaticprocess非絕熱過程wet-bulbpotentialconvectivecondensationtemperature濕球位溫level,CCL對(duì)流凝結(jié)高度wet-bulbpseudopotentialmixingcondensationlevel混temperature假濕球位溫合凝結(jié)高度wet-bulbpseudo-temperaturetemperaturelapserate氣溫直假濕球溫度減率atmosphericdynamics大氣動(dòng)--力學(xué)geopotentialheight位勢(shì)高度equationofmotion運(yùn)動(dòng)方程inertialinstability慣性不穩(wěn)定continuityequation連續(xù)方程freeconvectionlevel自由對(duì)流equationofstate狀態(tài)方程高度vorticityequation渦度方程[atmospheric]stability[大氣]穩(wěn)divergenceequation散度方程定度hydrostaticequation流體靜力[atmospheric]instability[大氣]方程不穩(wěn)定度ω-equationω方程staticstability靜力穩(wěn)定度perturbationequation擾動(dòng)方indexofstability穩(wěn)定度指數(shù)程absolutestability絕對(duì)穩(wěn)定thermalwindequation熱成風(fēng)absoluteinstability絕對(duì)不穩(wěn)定方程neutralstability中性穩(wěn)定moisture[conservation]conditionalinstability條件[性]equation水汽守恒方程不穩(wěn)定advectiveequation平流方程inertialstability慣性穩(wěn)定度balanceequation平衡方程convectiveinstability對(duì)流不穩(wěn)baroclinicprocess斜壓過程定Reynoldsstress雷諾應(yīng)力convectivestability對(duì)流[性]穩(wěn)meteorologicalwindtunnel氣定度象風(fēng)洞atmosphericdisturbance大氣equivalentbarotropic擾動(dòng)atmosphere相當(dāng)正壓大氣nonlinearinstability非線性不穩(wěn)hydrostaticadjustment定[性]process靜力適應(yīng)過程conditionalinstabilityofthegeostrophicadjustment地轉(zhuǎn)secondkind,CISK第二類條件適應(yīng)[性]不穩(wěn)定availablepotentialenergy有shearinginstability切變不穩(wěn)定效位能barotropicinstability正壓不穩(wěn)enstrophy渦動(dòng)擬能定geopotentialmeter位勢(shì)米baroclinicinstability斜壓不穩(wěn)--定eddyviscosity渦動(dòng)粘滯率latentinstability潛在不穩(wěn)定frictionvelocity摩擦速度conservationofpotentialeddyshearingstress渦動(dòng)切應(yīng)vorticity位渦守恒力tendencyequation傾向方程atmosphericwave大氣波動(dòng)z-coordinatez坐標(biāo)adjustmentoflongwave長(zhǎng)波p-coordinatep坐標(biāo)調(diào)整σ-coordinate坐σ標(biāo)inertiawave慣性波θ-coordinate位溫坐標(biāo)baroclinicwave斜壓波hybridcoordinate混合坐標(biāo)barotropicwave正壓波convergence輻合gravitywave重力波divergence輻散inertia-gravitywave慣性重力divergence散度波horizontaldivergence水平散internalgravitywave重力內(nèi)波度externalgravitywave重力外steeringflow引導(dǎo)氣流波vorticity渦度gravitywavedrag重力波拖曳relativevorticity相對(duì)渦度dragcoefficient拖曳系數(shù)absolutevorticity絕對(duì)渦度orographicdrag地形拖曳planetaryvorticity行星渦度orographicwave地形波β-planeβ平面leewave背風(fēng)波conservationofabsoluteHelmholtzwave赫姆霍茲波vorticity絕對(duì)渦度守恒Kelvinwave開爾文波geostrophicvorticity地轉(zhuǎn)渦度Lambwave蘭姆波cyclonicvorticity氣旋性渦度Rossbywave羅斯貝波anticyclonicvorticity反氣旋渦stationarywave定常波度transientwave瞬變波shearingvorticity切變渦度solitarywave孤立波curvaturevorticity曲率渦度progressivewave前進(jìn)波potentialvorticity位勢(shì)渦度retrogradewave后退波eddyconductivity渦動(dòng)傳導(dǎo)率shearingwave切變波--mixedRossby-gravitywave混ageostrophicwind非地轉(zhuǎn)風(fēng)合羅斯貝重力波isallobaricwind變壓風(fēng)ultra-longwave超長(zhǎng)波jetstream急流atmosphericnoise大氣噪聲northernbranchjetstream北Prandtlnumber普朗特?cái)?shù)支急流Rayleighnumber瑞利數(shù)southernbranchjetstream南Reynoldsnumber雷諾數(shù)支急流Richardsonnumber里查森數(shù)basicflow基本氣流Froudenumber弗勞德數(shù)subtropicaljetstream副熱帶急Rossbynumber羅斯貝數(shù)流rotatingdishpanexperimentaxisofjetstream急流軸轉(zhuǎn)盤實(shí)驗(yàn)streamline流線Hadleyregime哈得來域westerlyjet西風(fēng)急流Rossbyregime羅斯貝域convectivecloud對(duì)流云mixinglayer混合層deepconvection深對(duì)流non-divergencelevel無(wú)輻散層shallowconvection淺對(duì)流cyclostrophicwind旋衡風(fēng)lineconvection線對(duì)流gradientwind梯度風(fēng)Ekmanflow?？寺鱟ountergradientwind反梯度thermalconvection熱對(duì)流風(fēng)moistconvection濕對(duì)流subgradientwind次梯度風(fēng)cumulusconvection積云對(duì)流supergradientwind超梯度風(fēng)mesoscaleconvectivesystem,thermalwind熱成風(fēng)MCS中尺度對(duì)流系統(tǒng)veeringwind順轉(zhuǎn)風(fēng)warmadvection暖平流backingwind逆轉(zhuǎn)風(fēng)coldadvection冷平流windshear風(fēng)切變upwardflow上升氣流geostrophicwind地轉(zhuǎn)風(fēng)downwardflow下沉氣流antitripticwind摩擦風(fēng)convectiveadjustment對(duì)流調(diào)subgeostrophicwind次地轉(zhuǎn)風(fēng)整supergeostrophicwind超地轉(zhuǎn)convectiveparameterization風(fēng)對(duì)流參數(shù)化--mesoscaleconvective[圈]complex,MCC中尺度對(duì)流復(fù)合trade-windcirculation信風(fēng)環(huán)體流geostrophicmotion地轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)動(dòng)circulationcell環(huán)流圈quasi-geostrophicmotion準(zhǔn)地localcirculation局地環(huán)流轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)動(dòng)three-cell[meridional]semi-geostrophicmotion半地circulation三圈經(jīng)向環(huán)流轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)動(dòng)circulationindex環(huán)流指數(shù)ageostrophicmotion非地轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)highindex高指數(shù)動(dòng)lowindex低指數(shù)irrotationalmotion無(wú)旋運(yùn)動(dòng)indexcycle指數(shù)循環(huán)nondivergentmotion無(wú)輻散運(yùn)circulationtheorem環(huán)流定理動(dòng)Kelvin'stheoremofcirculationbaroclinicatmosphere斜壓大開爾文環(huán)流定理氣Bjerknescirculationtheorembarotropicatmosphere正壓大皮葉克尼斯環(huán)流定理氣cross-equatorialflow越赤道氣baroclinicmode斜壓模態(tài)流barotropicmode正壓模態(tài)adjustmentofcirculation環(huán)流normalmode正規(guī)模態(tài)調(diào)整Ekmanlayer?？寺鼘觤esosphericcirculation中間Ekmanspiral?？寺菥€層環(huán)流atmosphericcirculation大氣large-scalecirculation大尺度環(huán)流環(huán)流meridionalcirculation經(jīng)向環(huán)atmosphericcenterofaction流大氣活動(dòng)中心zonalcirculation緯向環(huán)流stratosphericsuddenwarmingHadleycell哈得來環(huán)流平流層爆發(fā)[性]增溫Walkercell沃克環(huán)流atmosphericturbulence大氣directcirculation直接環(huán)流湍流indirectcirculation間接環(huán)流eddy渦旋--flux通量primitiveequationmodel原始turbulentflux湍流通量方程模式isotropicturbulence各向同性mesoscalemodel中尺度模式湍流scaling尺度分析mixinglength混合長(zhǎng)synopticscale天氣尺度Ktheoryofturbulence湍流planetaryscale行星尺度[WTHZ]K[WT][HT5H]理論mesoscale中尺度Prandtlmixing-lengththeorymeso-αscale中尺α度普朗特混合長(zhǎng)理論meso-βscale中尺β度turbulentboundarylayer湍流meso-γscale中尺γ度邊界層spectralmodel譜模式laminarboundarylayer層流邊movablefine-meshmodel可界層移動(dòng)細(xì)網(wǎng)格模式turbulencespectrum湍流譜semi-implicitscheme半隱式格turbulenceenergy湍流能量式turbulentexchange湍流交換conservationscheme守恒格turbulentdiffusion湍流擴(kuò)散式Eliassen-PalmfluxEP通量finitedifferencemodel差分模lateralmixing側(cè)向混合式chaos混沌upstreamscheme迎風(fēng)差格式numericalweatherprediction,computationalinstability線性NWP數(shù)值天氣預(yù)報(bào)計(jì)算不穩(wěn)定modeloutputstatisticperturbationmethod小擾動(dòng)法prediction,MOSprediction模energycascade能量串級(jí)式輸出統(tǒng)計(jì)預(yù)報(bào)objectiveanalysis客觀分析equivalentbarotropicmodelphysicalmode物理模[態(tài)]相當(dāng)正壓模式computationalmode計(jì)算模quasi-geostrophicmodel準(zhǔn)地[態(tài)]轉(zhuǎn)模式modelresolution模式分辨率filteredmodel過濾模式skillscore技巧分adiabaticmodel絕熱模式subgridscale--parameterization次網(wǎng)格尺度參optimuminterpolationmethod數(shù)化最優(yōu)插值法normalmodeinitialization正規(guī)statisticalinterpolation模[態(tài)]初值化method統(tǒng)計(jì)插值法dynamicinitialization動(dòng)力初值man-machineweather化forecast人機(jī)結(jié)合天氣預(yù)報(bào)staticinitialization靜力初值化limitedareamodel,LAM有限four-dimensionaldata區(qū)模式assimilation四維資料同化limitedareafine-meshmodel,rigidboundarycondition剛體LFM有限區(qū)細(xì)網(wǎng)格模式邊界條件statistical-dynamicpredictionspongyboundarycondition統(tǒng)計(jì)動(dòng)力預(yù)報(bào)海綿邊界條件diagnosticanalysis診斷分析firstguess初估值numericalsimulation數(shù)值模擬timesmoothing時(shí)間平滑numericalexperiment數(shù)值實(shí)spacesmoothing空間平滑驗(yàn)automaticdataprocessing自generalcirculationmodel,動(dòng)資料處理GCM大氣環(huán)流模式structurefunction結(jié)構(gòu)函數(shù)barotropicmodel正壓模式split-explicitscheme分離顯式baroclinicmodel斜壓模式格式primitiveequation原始方程bogusdata人造[站]資料governingequation控制方程hydrostaticcheck靜力檢查06.天氣學(xué)differencescheme差分格式synopticmeteorology天氣學(xué)staggeredgrid交錯(cuò)網(wǎng)格weather天氣staggerscheme交錯(cuò)格式synopticchart天氣圖nestedgrid套網(wǎng)格meteorologicalcode氣象電碼pseudospectralmethod假譜weathersymbol天氣符號(hào)方法barb風(fēng)速羽successivecorrectionanalysiswindshaft風(fēng)矢桿逐步訂正法windarrow風(fēng)矢--presentweather現(xiàn)在天氣pastweather過去天氣upperairchart高空[天氣]圖surfacechart地面[天氣]圖verticalcrosssection垂直剖面圖facsimileweatherchart傳真天氣圖isobaricsurface等壓面standardisobaricsurface,mandatorylevel標(biāo)準(zhǔn)等壓面contourchart等壓面圖rainfallchart雨量圖streamlinechart流線圖timecross-section時(shí)間剖面圖scatterdiagram點(diǎn)聚圖isoline等值線isotherm等溫線isodrosotherm等露點(diǎn)線isallotherm等變溫線isobar等壓線topographicisobar 地形等壓線isallobar 等變壓線hodograph 高空風(fēng)分析圖contourline等高線isallohypse等變高線isoplethofthickness 等厚度線isotach 等風(fēng)速線isogon 等風(fēng)向線isanomaly等距平線isohume等濕度線

moistureprofile濕度廓線isohyet等雨量線shearline切變線squallline颮線convergenceline輻合線pressuretendency氣壓傾向anallobar正變壓線katallobar負(fù)變壓線pressurevariation氣壓變量pressurefield氣壓場(chǎng)windfield風(fēng)場(chǎng)allobaricfield變壓場(chǎng)anallobariccenter正變壓中心katallobariccenter負(fù)變壓中心humidityfield濕度場(chǎng)wettongue濕舌drytongue干舌dryline干線temperaturefield溫度場(chǎng)coldtongue冷舌warmtongue暖舌pressuresystem氣壓系統(tǒng)low[pressure],depression低[氣]壓deepeningofadepression低壓加深fillingofadepression 低壓填塞coldlow 冷低壓warmlow 暖低壓mesoscalelow中尺度低壓thermallow熱低壓--cut-offlow切斷低壓permanentdepression永久性orographicdepression地形低低壓壓semi-permanentdepressiontrough低壓槽半永久性低壓troughline槽線Aleutianlow阿留申低壓invertedtrough倒槽Icelandiclow冰島低壓coldtrough冷槽Changjiang-Huaihecycloneforward-tiltingtrough前傾槽江淮氣旋backward-tiltingtrough后傾槽Changjiang-Huaiheshearlinetopographictrough地形槽江淮切變線anchoredtrough錨槽SouthChinaSeadepressionmonsoontrough季風(fēng)槽南海低壓westerlytrough西風(fēng)槽Mongolianlow蒙古低壓long-wavetrough長(zhǎng)波槽NortheastChinalow東北低壓EastAsiamajortrough東亞大mid-troposphericcyclone對(duì)槽流層中層氣旋cyclone氣旋SouthwestChinavortex西南cycloniccirculation氣旋性環(huán)[低]渦流highpressure高[氣]壓cycloniccurvature氣旋性曲率coldhigh冷高壓cyclonicshear氣旋性切變warmhigh暖高壓extratropicalcyclone溫帶氣旋ridge高壓脊secondarycyclone次生氣旋ridgeline脊線cyclonicwave氣旋波warmridge暖脊cyclonefamily氣旋族colpressurefield鞍形氣壓場(chǎng)occludedcyclone錮囚氣旋highpressurebarrier高壓壩cyclogenesis氣旋生成deformationfield變形場(chǎng)cyclolysis氣旋消散anticyclone反氣旋vortex低渦anticycloniccirculation反氣旋coldvortex冷渦環(huán)流warmvortex暖渦anticycloniccurvature反氣旋--曲率anticyclonicshear反氣旋切變anticyclogenesi