新世紀(jì)大學(xué)英語綜合教程第二版第一冊教程

新世紀(jì)大學(xué)英語綜合教程第二版第一冊教程ElectronicTeachingBookOne

UnitOne:CollegeLifePartIGetStartedSectionADiscussionSitingroupsofthreesorfoursanddiscussthefollowingquestions.Youmayhaveimaginedwhatcollegelifewouldbelikebeforeyoubecameacollegestudent.Hasitturnedouttobewhatyouexpected?Provideexamplesinsupportofyouranswers.Wheneveryouthinkaboutcollegelife,whataresomeofthethingsthatcometomind?Followingtheexamplesgiven,makealistofsuchthingsinthefollowingtable.Shareyouranswerswithyourgroupmembersandcommentoneachoftheitemsyouhavelistedasyougoalong.CollegeCollegeLifeassignmentsdeadlines…Howdoyoulikeyourcollegelifesofar?Giveexamples.Whatdoyouthinkisthemostimportantthingtoachieveatcollege?Explain.Answersforreference:1.Possiblepositivecommentsoncollegelifemayincludethefollowing:academicatmosphere,goodstudentaccommodations,modernfacilitiesforteachingandresearch,qualifiedprofessors,niceclassmates,etc.Possiblenegativecommentsoncollegelifemayincludethefollowing:hardtogetadjustedtothenewenvironment,academicpressure,homesickness,problemsininterpersonalrelationships,poorfood,etc.CollegeCollegeLifeassignmentsdeadlinestuitionprojectsfriendshiproommatesteststeachersclassmatesgraduationgradesacademicpressurePossibleexamplesare:carefreeandcolorfullife,academicenvironment,friendship,adoorleadingtotheoutsideworld,etc.However,collegelifemayalsobeboringforsomestudents,becausemostoftheirtimeisspentonstudy,andtheyarefarawayfromhome,etc.Possibleanswersare:academicexcellence,developingcommunicativeskillsandinterpersonalrelationshipsSectionBQuotes▇Studythefollowingquotesabouteducationandseeifyouaccepttheideasexpressedinquotes.RalphWaldoEmersonThethingstaughtinschoolsandcollegesarenotaneducation,butthemeanstoaneducation.—RalphWaldoEmersonInterpretation:Wedon’tgotoschoolorcollegetolearn,buttoseekthewaytolearn.AboutR.W.Emerson(1803–1882):R.W.Emerson,aUSpoetandwriterwhohadgreatinfluenceonthereligiousandphilosophicalthoughtofhistime.W.B.YeatsEducationisnotthefillingofapail,butthelightingofafire.Interpretation:

W.B.YeatsInsteadofstuffingstudentswithknowledge,realeducationaimsatbringingoutwhatisinsidestudentsandcultivatingtheirpotential.AboutW.B.Yeats(1865–1939):W.B.Yeats,anIrishwriterofpoemsandplays,whoseearlyworkisoftenbasedonoldIrishstories.HeisconsideredoneofthemostimportantIrishwriters,andhewontheNobelPrizeforLiteraturein1923.GalileoYoucannotteachamananything;youcanonlyhelphimfinditwithinhimself.—GalileoInterpretation:Teachingdoesn’treallyhelpanyone,butithelpsapersonfindoutwhathe/sheisgoodat.AboutGalileo(1564–1642)GalileoanItalianastronomer,mathematicianandphysicistwhosemanydiscoverieshadagreatinfluenceonmodernscienceHediscoveredmountainsandcraters(onthesurfaceoftheMoonandhisstudyofthechangesintheappearanceofVenusprovedthatitwasmovingaroundtheSunHealsodiscoveredthatifyoudropobjectsofdifferentweightsfromahighplace,theyfallatthesamespeed.HewaspunishedbytheinquisitionbecausehebelievedthattheSunnottheEarthwasthecentreoftheuniverse.SectionCWatchingandDiscussion▇Watchthefollowingvideoclip“HowtoSelectYourCollegemajor”anddothetasksthatfollow:插入視頻片段：“HowtoSelect.wmv”Fillinthemissingwordsaccordingtowhatyouhearfromthevideoclip.Hi,thisisLauraTurner,andtodayI’mgoingtotalktoyouabouthowtoselectyourcollegemajor.Iwouldliketotellyouthatifyouselectsomethingthatyouloveandthatyou’repassionateabout,everything’sgoingtobefineandyou’regoingtogetagreatjobwithyourdegree,butofcoursethisisnotcompletelytrue.However,whenyou’regoingtocollege,yourprimaryreasonforgoingtocollegeistoeducateyourself,whichmeanstomakeyourselfabetterpersonbothintellectually,spiritually,mentally,allofthesethings.Discussthetopicwithyourgroupmembers:WhataretherecommendedconcernsinselectingacollegemajoraccordingtothevideoAndhowdidyouchooseyourcurrentmajor?▇Answersforreference:Accordingtothevideoclip,themainconcernsshouldbe:first,tochoosesomethingyoureallyenjoy;second,tochoosesomethingyourschooliswellknownfor.Script:Hi,thisisLauraTurner,andtodayI’mgoingtotalktoyouabouthowtoselectyourcollegemajor.Iwouldliketotellyouthatifyouselectsomethingthatyouloveandthatyou’repassionateabout,everything’sgoingtobefineandyou’regoingtoagreatjobwithyourdegree,butofcoursethisisnotcompletelytrue.However,whenyou’regoingtocollege,yourprimaryreasonforgoingtocollegeistoeducateyourself,whichmeanstomakeyourselfabetterpersonbothintellectually,spiritually,mentally,allofthesethings.So,wheneveryouchooseyourmajor,Iwouldsayyes,dochoosesomethingthatyouenjoy,becausereallyifyouarejustinittogetadegreethatwillgetyouahigh-payingjobandyou’renotreallypassionateaboutthisandyouwanttobeanEngineeringMajorjustbecauseyouknowthat’sgoingtomakeyouintoahighearningperson,thatmaybethewrongreasontostudyitbecauseyou’regoingtogetoverwhelmedovertimebecauseadegreetakes,it’sfouryearsoutofyourlifethatyou’regoingtobestudyingthisthing.Therehastobesomethingbeyondmoney,andbeyondthejobthat’sgoingtokeepyouinterested.SoIwouldsuggestpickingsomethingthatyouloveaswellas,hopefully,itwillbesomethingthatwillgetyouajob.Also,myotherpointis,picksomethingthatyourschooliswellknownfor,somethinginyourschool,themajorinyourschoolthatactuallyhasreallygreatprofessorstoteachyou.IfyouhaveagreatEnglishDepartment,ifyouhaveagreatHistoryDepartment,andyou’repassionateaboutthosethings,studywithprofessorswhoaregreatandtheycanhelpturnalittlebitofinterestinasubjectmatterintoalifelongloveofit.Sogoodluckwithchoosingyourmajorwisely.PartIIListenandRespondSectionAWordBankfreshmann. infmlastudentinthefirstyearatcollegeor〖非正式〗大學(xué)一年級新生ingeneral forthemostpartcommonlyusually一般說來anticipationn. thefeelingonehaswhenexpectingsomethingpleasanttohappen期望；預(yù)期discovery nafactorthingthathasbeendiscovered被發(fā)現(xiàn)的事實、事物definitelyad.withoutdoubt;clearly無疑地，確實地impressionn.[(on)]animageoreffectthatisproducedinthemindbyaperson,event,experience,etc.[常與on連用][人、事件、經(jīng)歷等留下的]印象；感想headoffmovetowards;goto朝……前進(jìn)，向……去relateda. [(toconnectedinsomeway[to連用有關(guān)系的workloadn. theamountofworkthatapersonormachineisexpectedtodoinaparticularperiodoftime人或機器在一定時期的工作量，工作負(fù)擔(dān)challenge n. (somethingwiththequalityofdemandingcompetitiveaction,interest,orthought挑戰(zhàn)性；具有挑戰(zhàn)性的事物amount nofacollectionormassconsideredasaunitintermsofitssizenumber,etcof連用總數(shù)，數(shù)額，數(shù)量deadline nadateortimebeforewhichsomethingmustbedoneorcompleted截止日期；最后期限frustrationn. thefeelingofbeingannoyed,upsetorimpatient沮喪；失望previousa.happeningorexistingbeforetheonementioned在先的，在前的，以前的patiencen. [U]theabilitytoacceptpain,trouble,anythingthatcausesannoyance,withoutcomplainingorlosingone’s忍痛的能力，忍受力，耐性diverse adifferent(fromeachother)showingvariety各不相同的，各種各樣的relationship n. [(between,withafriendshiporconnectionbetweenpeople[常與betweenwith]友誼；關(guān)系sotospeakasonemightsay可謂，可以說，簡直是y . ]常與r責(zé)任（心；責(zé)任感，可信賴性anticipatevt.thinklikelytohappen,expect預(yù)期，期望mission n.theparticularworkwhichonebelievesitisone’sdutytodo職責(zé)；使命inspiring a.thatgivesonetheurgeorabilitytodogreatthings激勵人心的；啟發(fā)靈感的careern.ajoborprofessionforwhichoneistrainedandwhichoneintendstofollowforpartorthewholeofone’slife職業(yè)；一生的事業(yè)SectionB TaskOne:FocusingontheMainIdeasChoosethebestanswertocompleteeachofthefollowingsentencesaccordingtotheinformationcontainedinthelisteningpassage.Inthismonologuethespeakermainlytalksabout .storiesaboutcollegelifethelifeofcollegefreshmencarefreelifeofcollegestudentsdifferencesbetweencollegeandhighschoolAccordingtothespeaker,thefreshmanexperiencewill .enablestudentstofindtruefriendshipleaveadeepimpressiononeverystudentdecidewhatastudentcandointhefutureteachstudentstheimportanceofresponsibilityKey:Key:1)B) 2)C)Readthefollowingstatementsanddecidewhethereachofthemistrueorfalsebasedontheinformationcontainedinthelisteningpassage.WriteTforTrueandFforFalseinthegivenbeforeeachstatement. Freshmanexperienceisanunforgettableexperiencetocollegestudents. Studentswillfeeljustascomfortableintheirfirstyearatcollegeasintheirpreviousyearswhentheywereinhighschoolorbackathome. Studentsareabletofindverygoodfriendsatcollege. Learningtoberesponsibleforoneselfatcollegeisveryimportant. Freshmenshouldnotbeconcernedwiththeirfuturecareers.Key:TFTTFSectionCTaskTwo:ZoominginontheDetailsListentotherecordingagainandfillineachoftheblanksaccordingtowhatyouhaveheard.Thefreshmanyearatcollegeis,generallyspeaking,atimefilledwith ,anxiety,and .Theworkloadwillbe andthemajorchallengesofcollegeworkarealargeamountof andtheshort .CollegeFriendshipwillbeamongthe and ofone’slife.It’salwaysexcitingtodiscoverhow collegerelationshipscanbe.Studentsshouldrememberthattheyareatcollegewithan :theyshouldn’twastetimeon .Goingtocollegeisnotjusttogetadegree:itistofindout and .Answersforreference:Thefreshmanyearatcollegeis,generallyspeaking,atimefilledwithanticipation,someanxiety,andwonderfuldiscoveries.Theworkloadwillbeheavierandthemajorchallengesofcollegeworkarealargeamountofreadingandwritingandtheshortdeadlines.Collegefriendshipwillbeamongthemostsatisfyingandlong-termofone’slife.It’salwaysexcitingtodiscoverhowwonderfullydiversecollegerelationshipscanbe.Studentsshouldrememberthattheyareatcollegewithananticipatedmission;theyshouldn’twastetimeonmeaninglessthings.Goingtocollegeisnotjusttogetadegree;itistofindout whoyouareandwhatyouarereallymadeScript:Iamnowafourth-yearstudentatcollege,butIcanneverforgetmyfreshmanyearhere.Ingeneral,itisatimefilledwithanticipation,someanxiety,andwonderfuldiscoveries.Collegeisalotdifferentfromhighschool.Yourfreshmanexperiencewilldefinitelymakeanimpressiononyou.So,whatcanyouexpectasyouheadoffintothewonderfulworldofhighereducation?Thefirstthingyou’llnoticeistheworkload.Itwillbeheavierthanyoueverexperiencedbefore.Themajorchallengesofcollegeworkarethelargeamountofreadingandwriting,andtheshortdeadlines.Arelatedeffectthatcanbebroughtonbytheworkloadisdoubt,frustration,andpossiblyloneliness.You’llbeawayfromthecomfortsandfriendshipsyourhomeprovidedforyouoverthepreviousyears.Duringthefreshmanyear,you’llbemakingalotofnewfriends.Butyoushouldcontinuetobeyourself.Selectyourfriendswiththesamecareandpatienceyouhavealwaysshown.Believeitornot,yourcollegefriendshipswillbeamongthemostsatisfyingandofyourlife.It’salwaysexcitingtodiscoverhowwonderfullydiversecollegerelationshipscanbe.You’llalsobeonyourown—you’llbeyourownboss24hoursaday,sotospeak.But,remember,withfreedomcomesresponsibility.Youshouldalwaysrememberthatyouareatcollegewithananticipatedmission.Don’twasteyourtimeonmeaninglessthings.Duringthefreshmanyear,youmayevenstartthinkingaboutyourfuture.Maybeacertainprofessorisespeciallyinspiring.Perhapsyourschoolhassomegreatresearchgoingon.Ifsomeareaofstudyattractsyou,findoutallyoucanaboutit.Itmightbethebeginningofyourlifetimecareer.Goingtocollegeisnotjusttogetadegree—itistofindoutwhoyoureallyareandwhatyouarereallymadefor.PartIIIReadandExploreTextASectionA DiscoveringtheMainIdeasExercise1.Writedownthemainideaofthefollowingparagraphsinthespaceprovided.Para2: .Para3: .Para4: .Para5: .Para6: .▆Answersforreference:Para2:Topstudentsattainacademicexcellencebymasteringafewbasicprinciplesthatotherscaneasilylearn.Para3:Topstudentslearntobeorganized.Para4:Topstudentsknowhowtoscheduletheirtimeproperly.Para5:Topstudentsareveryseriousaboutschoolandveryactiveinclass.Para6:Studentsbenefitfromgroupstudy.Exercise2:Readthefollowingstatementsandthendecidewhethereachofthemistrueorbasedontheinformationinthetext.WriteTforTrueandFforFalseinthespaceprovidedbeforeeachstatement. Beingbrightdoesnotnecessarilymakeoneastraight-Astudent. Atopstudentknowshowtobalancebetweenwhatismoreimportantandwhatislessimportant. Onestudentthinksthatlearninganewwordwhilebrushinghisteethhelpshimlearnthenewwordbest. Amessystudentmaywastealotoftime. Professorsmayconcentratemoreontheneatnessofanassignmentthanonitscontent. Studentsbenefitmorefromgroupstudythanfromindividualstudy. Pressurefromparentsisgoodforstudents.Answersforreference:TTFThestudentdoessoinordertosavetime.TFThestudentwhoturnsinneatworkisastepclosertoahighscore.TFEncouragementratherthanpressurefromparentshelpsstudentsalot.Exercise3:Summarizethebasicprinciplesthattopstudentsmasterandapplyinstudyingandputthemdowninthespaceprovided.BasicPrinciplesThatTopStudentsMasterandApplyBasicPrinciplesThatTopStudentsMasterandApplya.b.c.d.BasicPrinciplesthatTopStudentsMasterandApplysetprioritiesstudyanywhereorBasicPrinciplesthatTopStudentsMasterandApplysetprioritiesstudyanywhereoreverywherestudyatone’spreferredtimebeconsistentSectionB In-depthStudyWorkingtowardsacademicexcellenceconstitutesoneofthemostimportantpartsofcollegelifeandisthegoalofmostcollegestudents.Straight-Astudents,inthisrespect,canbeofgreathelpbysharingtheirsecretsinachievingacademicexcellence.Readthefollowingtexttofindoutwhatsomeofthesesecretsare.SecretsofStraight-AStudentsAprofessorofeducationwhohasconductedmajorstudiesofsuper-achievingstudentsrevealedthattopgradesdonotalwaysgotothebrighteststudents.Accordingtohim,othereducationexpertsandtopstudentsthemselves,itisfarmoreimportantforastudenttoknowhowtomakethemostofhisorherinnateabilities.Thestudentsatthetopoftheclassattainacademicexcellencebymasteringafewbasicprinciplesthatotherscaneasilylearn. Tobeginwith,topstudentsknowhowtosettheirprioritiesright.Studytimeisnevercompromisedforphonecalls,televisionprogrammesorsnacks.Inotherwords,itisalwaysplacedaboverecreation.Inaddition,topstudentsmakeapointofstudyinganywhereoreverywhere.Atopstudentwhoisalsoatopathletememorisesbiologytermsasheworksouteveryday.Anotherstudentlearnsanewwordeverymorningwhilebrushinghisteeth.Amongallthestudentsinterviewed,everyoneagreedthatstudytimesarestrictlyamatterofpersonalpreference.Somethriveatnightwhenallissilent.Othersprefertostudyassoonastheycomehomefromschoolwhenthelessonsarefreshintheirminds.However,allagreedthatconsistencyisamainfactorifoneistoperformwellatalltimes.Astudentmustalsolearntobeorganised.Forexample,atopstudentwhoisactivelyinvolvedinhisschoolband,trackandfield,rugbyassociationanddebate teamdisclosedthathekeepshisthingsintheirproperplacesbecausehesimplycannotaffordtime-wastingsearches.Anotherstudentimmediately filestheday’snotesincolour-codedfolderssothattheyareavailableforreviewnearingexaminationtime.Anothertechniqueadvocatedbytopstudentsistoreadeffectively.Thisincludesspeed-reading,improvingone’smemoryorretentionability,andactivelyaskingquestionsthatwillleadtoafullunderstandingoftheauthor’smessage.Itisalsoimportantforstudentstoknowhowtoscheduletheirtime.Theymustknowhowtopaceeachassignmentorprojectaccordingtotheirdailytimetableandworkabilitysothattheymightnotbeoverwhelmedbythetasksathand.Beingabletosettimetablesnotonlyallowsstudentsmoretimetoreviewandpolishtheirwork,italsopreventsthemfromprocrastinating.Topstudentsbelievethatasecretoftheirsuccessisthetakingdownofgoodnotesduringlessonsandusingthemforrevision.Onestudentrevealedthatshewritesnotesfromthetextononesideofhernotebookandthosefromherteachers’lecturesontheotherside.Thisallowshertoreviewbothaspectsofeachlessonatonce.Thestudentalsorevealedthatinsteadofwastingtimewhisperingtofriendsandgettingreadytorushoutoftheclassjust beforethebellrings,sheusesthosefewminutestojotdownatwoorthree- sentencesummaryofthelesson’sprincipalpoints.Shethenscansthenotestorefreshhermemorybeforethenextday’sclass.Anotherwinningformulawhichteachers promoteliesinastudent’sabilitytohandinneatwork.Accordingtooneprofessor,thestudentwhoturnsinneatworkisalready onthewaytoscoringanA.Intheclassroomcontext,itisequallyimportantforstudentstospeakupandaskquestions.Thisisperhapsthebestwayforastudentto clarifyanydoubts.Classroomparticipationalsodemonstratesastudent’sintellectualcuriosity.Asastudentconciselyputsit,“Bettergradescomefrombetterunderstanding.”Thevalueofstudyingtogetherwasdemonstratedinanexperimentconductedatonetopuniversity.Thestudyrevealedthatstudentswhodiscussedhomeworkandproblemstogether,trieddifferent approachesandexplainedtheirsolutionstooneanotherscoredhigherthanthosewholaboured ontheirown.Theexperimentalsoilluminatedthevalueofhypotheticaltestsconductedamongthestudentsandontheirown.Thismeansthatstudentsframetentativetestquestionsbasedontheirnotesandgiveeachotherorthemselveswrittenexaminationsthedaybeforeatest.Expertsconfirmedthatstudentswhodevisepossibletestquestionsoftenfindmanyofthesamequestionsduringtherealexaminationandthusscorehigher.Anothertechniqueemployedbytopstudentsistodomorethantheassignedhomework.Astudentrevealedthatifherteachergivesfiveproblems,shewillundertaketen.Inthestudent’swords,“Partoflearningispractising.Themoreyoupractise,themoreyoulearn.”Lastbutnotleast,allexpertsandtopstudentsagreethatthemostimportant“secret”ofsuper-achieversliesinthecrucialcontributionbyparents.Frominfancy,super-achieversweretaughttheimportanceoflearningbytheirparents.Thelattersethighstandardsfortheirchildrenandheldthemtothosestandards.Theyencouragedtheirchildrenintheirstudiesbutdidnotundertaketheworkforthem.Insteadofpressuringtheirchildren,theseparentswerealwaysloving,gentleandtookpainstoexplainandTheyimpressedthelessonsofresponsibilityontheirchildren,andthechildrendelivered.（此課文沒有更新，不需要配圖說明）課文參考譯文優(yōu)等生的秘訣潛能對于學(xué)生來說更為重要。在班上名列前茅的學(xué)生之所以學(xué)習(xí)優(yōu)秀，是因為他們掌握了幾個人人都可以輕易學(xué)到的而另一位學(xué)生則利用每天早上刷牙時間記一個新單詞。所有受訪的學(xué)生無一例外都認(rèn)為，和辯論小組里都很活躍。他透露，他之所以把東西放得井井有條是因為他浪費不起到處找東西的時間。還有一位學(xué)生喜歡把當(dāng)天的筆記馬上整理出來并放進(jìn)用不同顏色標(biāo)記的文件夾里，以便臨近考試時能隨時用來復(fù)習(xí)。優(yōu)等生們提倡的另一個技巧是有效的閱讀，其中包括快速閱讀，提高記憶能力以及主動提出問題以便充分理解作者的意思。對于學(xué)生們來說，合理安排時間也同樣重要。他們必須懂得如何根據(jù)每天的時間表和學(xué)習(xí)能力來安排做作業(yè)和項目的速度，不至于讓手頭的工作壓得喘不過氣。能制定成績優(yōu)異的學(xué)生認(rèn)為，他們成功的一大秘訣就是上課時做好筆記，供復(fù)習(xí)時使用。有個學(xué)生透露，她把從課文上摘抄的內(nèi)容記在筆記本的一邊，把課堂筆記寫在另一邊。這樣，就可同時復(fù)習(xí)到兩方面的內(nèi)容。她還透露，她不會浪費下課鈴響前的幾分鐘跟朋友交頭接耳，準(zhǔn)備隨時沖出教室。相反，她會利用這幾分鐘用兩三句話概括那節(jié)課的要點，然后在下次上課前瀏覽這些筆記，加深印象。老師們提倡的致勝秘訣是盡力讓自己的作業(yè)整潔。有位老師說，學(xué)生交上整潔作業(yè)就已法。課堂參與還能反映一個學(xué)生的求知欲。有個學(xué)生概括得好們?nèi)绻黄鹩懻摷彝プ鳂I(yè)和問題，嘗試不同的解決辦法，并且互相解釋各自的答案，分?jǐn)?shù)就會比那些單獨用功的學(xué)生要高。實驗也證明了學(xué)生間互相進(jìn)行模擬測試或自我測試的好處。這就是說，學(xué)生們根據(jù)筆記設(shè)計可能的試題，在考試前一天相互之間進(jìn)行書面測試或自測。專家們證實，那些能設(shè)計模擬試題的學(xué)生，往往會在正式考題中發(fā)現(xiàn)很多相同的試題，自然能得高分了。優(yōu)等生使用的另一個技巧是超額完成規(guī)定的家庭作業(yè)。一位學(xué)生透露，老師若是布置五道題，她會做上十道。用她的話說后付諸實踐。GoodUsage(Para.1)conductedmajorstudiessuper-achievingstudentstopgradesAccordingtohimitisfarmoreimportantGoodUsage(Para.2)attainacademicexcellencemasteringafewbasicprincipleshowtosettheirprioritiesrightStudytimeisnevercompromisedforphonecallsInotherwordsplacedaboverecreationInadditionmakeapointofheworksouteverydayamatterofpersonalpreferenceassoonasfreshintheirmindsamainfactorGoodUsage(Para.3)Forexampleisactivelyinvolvedinkeepshisthingsintheirproperplacesfilesthedaysnotesavailableforreviewimprovingonesmemoryorretentionabilityleadtoafullunderstandingoftheauthor’smessageGoodUsage(Para.4)scheduletheirtimepaceeachassignmentorprojectaccordingtotheirdailytimetablebeoverwhelmedbythetasksathandsettimetablespreventsthemfromprocrastinatingwastingtimewhisperingtofriendsgettingreadytorushoutoftheclassjotdownatwo-orthree-sentencesummaryscansthenotesrefreshhermemoryGoodUsage(Para.5)winningformulaliesinastudentsabilitytohandinneatworkturnsinneatworkonthewaytoscoringanAIntheclassroomcontexttospeakuptoclarifyanydoubtsdemonstratesastudentsintellectualcuriosityconciselyputsitBettergradescomefrombetterunderstanding.GoodUsage(Para.6)trieddifferentapproachesexplainedtheirsolutionstooneanotherlabouredontheirownframetentativetestquestionsdevisepossibletestquestionsGoodUsage(Para.7)Inthestudent’swordsThemoreyoupractise,themoreyoulearn.LastbutnotleastliesinthecrucialcontributionbyparentssethighstandardstookpainstoexplainKeyWordsandExpressionsforTextAconduct vt.carryoutordirectgowithandguideorlead 帶領(lǐng)e.g.1.Thesestudieswereconductedbyfourteamsthatcoordinatedtheirwork.2.Weareconductingasurveytofindoutwhatthecustomersthinkofourservice.我們在進(jìn)行一項調(diào)查以了解顧客對我們服務(wù)的看法。Collocations:conductameeting 主持會議conductaninvestigation 進(jìn)行調(diào)查reveal vt.makeknownsththatwaspreviouslysecretorunknown 揭示，透露；使（事實等）露出來e.g.1.Detailsofthemurderwererevealedbythelocalnewspaper.2.Hedidn’twanttorevealhisrealfeelings.他不想露出他的真實情感。Collocations:revealsthtosb. 向某人透露某事revealsb.tobe顯示某人是makethemostofgetthebestadvantagefrom 最大限度利用e.g.1.Jimstudiedhardinthetrainingclass;hewantedtomakethemostofhischancetolearn.2.Theoccasiononlycomesonceinfiveyears,andtheynaturallymakethemostofit.這個機會五年才有一次，他們當(dāng)然會充分利用。attain vt.fmlgainorarriveat,espafterlongeffortreach （長期努力后）獲得，達(dá)到e.g.1.Heattainedfamethroughmanyyearsofhardwork.2.Weneedtoidentifythebestwaysofattainingourgoals.我們需要確定達(dá)到我們目標(biāo)的最好方法。CF: attain,achieve&accomplish這三個動詞均有“達(dá)到、完成”之意。attain指努力去達(dá)成或?qū)崿F(xiàn)目標(biāo)，常指事先沒有確信會成功而去追求的目標(biāo)。例如：Shefinallyattainedherends. 她終于達(dá)到了她的目的。Kacyattainedtherankofdeputydirector. 凱茜當(dāng)上副經(jīng)理了。achieve指由于付出努力而理所當(dāng)然地實現(xiàn)目標(biāo)、獲得成功。例如：Hewillneverachievehisobjectivesifhedoesnotworkharder. 話，他永遠(yuǎn)也實現(xiàn)不了他的目標(biāo)。accomplish指完成規(guī)定的任務(wù)。例如：Heaccomplishedthebuildingofthebookcase. 他做完了一個書櫥。tobeginwithinthefirstplacefirstly 首先；第一點e.g.1.I’mnotgoing;tobeginwith,Ihaven’taticket,andsecondlyIdon’tliketheplay.2.Tobeginwith,Johnistooyoungforthatkindofjob.首先，約翰做那種工作太年輕了。inaddition(to)aswell(as)besides 除……之外；另外e.g.1.Inadditiontogivingageneralintroductiontocomputers,thecoursealsoprovidespracticalexperience.2.Inadditiontomystudies,Igotinvolvedinlotsofotheractivities.除了學(xué)習(xí)以外，我參加了許多其他活動。makeapointofdoingsth.takeparticularcareaboutsth. 特別注意，重視；總是要做（某事）e.g.1.IalwaysmakeapointofcheckingthatallthewindowsareshutbeforeIgoout.2.Shemakesapointofkeepingallhershoppingreceipts.她總是把所有的購物發(fā)票都留起來。performvi.do;carryout(apieceofwork,duty,ceremony,etc.),esp.accordingtoausualorestablishedmethod;give,act,orshow(aplay,apartinaplay,apieceofmusic,tricks,etc.)espinthepresenceofthepublic 履行，實行，完成；表演e.g.1.Johnhasbeentrainingveryhardandhehopeshewillperformbetterforthe100-metredash.2.Somecomputerscanperformoverabillioncomputationsasecond.有些計算機一秒鐘能完成超過十億次運算。CF:perform&conduct這兩個動詞均有“做、在行動中執(zhí)行任務(wù)”之意。perform指履行義務(wù)、職責(zé)或執(zhí)行命令，所執(zhí)行的任務(wù)一般比較困難和復(fù)雜。例如：Hewouldn’tpromisewhathecouldnotperform. 他不會許下無法兌現(xiàn)的承諾。conduct指揮、實現(xiàn)、進(jìn)行，詞義接近perform，但強調(diào)指導(dǎo)、領(lǐng)導(dǎo)或監(jiān)督。例如：TheinterviewwasconductedinEnglish. 面試用英語進(jìn)行。involve vt.[(inwith(ofasituationoraction)haveasthepeopleorthingstakingpart常與in或with連用]（情況、行動）使陷入，使卷入；牽涉，涉及e.g.1. Fannyisactivelyinvolvedinthedramaassociationofourcollege.2.Ididn’tmeantogetyousomuch involvedinthematter.我本不想讓你這么深地卷入這件事中來。filevt.put(papersorletters)inafile 把（文件、信件）匯存起來，把……存卷（歸檔存檔e.g.1)Thesenotesshouldbecarefullyfiledawayforfuturereference.2)Wefilethesereportsundercountryoforigin.我們按照原籍國家把這些報告歸檔保存。n. aboxfolderetcforstoringpapersinanorderedwayespinanoffice （內(nèi)的）文件匣（夾）n. alineofpeopleonebehindtheother 縱列vi.marchinafile 排成縱隊前進(jìn)e.g.Theyfiledslowlypastthegraveoftheirleader. 袖的墳?zāi)?。advocate vt.speakinfavourofsupport(anideaorplan)esppublicly 擁護(hù)，提倡，主張e.g.1.Thecommitteedoesn’tadvocatetheuseofviolence.2.Manypeopleadvocatebuildingmorehospitals.許多人主張增設(shè)醫(yī)院。schedulevt. [(forusupassplanforacertainfuturetimefor連用一般用于被動語態(tài)］排定；預(yù)定；把……安排在e.g.1)Theopeningceremony(開幕式)isscheduledtotakeplaceonthecomingThursday.2)HeisscheduledtoleaveforLondonnextMonday.他預(yù)定下星期一動身去倫敦。 n. aplannedlistororderofthingstobedonedealthwithetc.預(yù)定要做事情的安排；計劃（表；程序表；日程表Collocations:onschedule按照時間表，準(zhǔn)時aheadof/behindschedule 提前/落后于時間表bescheduledforJune/Mondayetc. /周一等bescheduledforrelease/publication/completion,etc. 計劃發(fā)布/出版/完成bescheduledtodosth. 計劃做某事overwhelm vt.[usu.passive]givetoomuchofathingtosb.[常用于被動語態(tài)]使受不了，使不知所措e.g.1.Wewerealloverwhelmedbygriefwhenweheardthenewsthatover4000peoplelosttheirlivesduringtheearthquake.2.IwasquiteoverwhelmedbyalltheflowersandlettersofsupportIreceived.我收到的所有鮮花和支持信件使我激動得不能自已。athandratherfmlnearintimeorplace 〖較正式〗即將到來，在手邊，在近處e.g.1.Whenshewrites,shealwayskeepsadictionaryathandsoastoensurethatsheuseseverywordcorrectlyandappropriately.2.Alwayshaveyourreferencebooksnearathand.要經(jīng)常把參考書擺在手邊。polish vt.improvebypracticingmakesmoothbrightandshinybycontinualrubbing （通過練習(xí)改進(jìn)，改善；擦亮e.g.1.I’llneedtopolish(up)myFrenchifI’mgoingtoFranceformyholiday.2.Pleasepolishyourshoeswithabrush.請用刷子把你的鞋擦亮。takedownwritesthdowninordertomakearecordofit 記錄e.g.1.Anythingyousaywillbetakendown,andmaybeusedinevidence.2.Heaskedhissecretarytotakedowneverywordhesaid.他讓他的秘書記下他說的每一句話。refreshone’smemoryremindoneself/sboffactsbyreferringtonotesetc. （借助筆記等）使自己（某人想起e.g.1.Inthemiddleofhisspeechhehadtorefreshhismemoybylookingathisnotes.2.Ilookedthewordupinthedictionarytorefreshmymemoryofitsexactmeaning.我在詞典里查了這個單詞，以便更清楚地記得它的確切意思。promote vt.helptheprogressof(sth.)encourageorsupport 提倡；促進(jìn)；助長e.g.1. Theorganizationworkstopromotefriendshipbetweennations.2.ThePrimeMinister’svisitwillpromotethe cooperationbetweenthetwocountries.首相的訪問將促進(jìn)兩國間的合作。liein(ofabstractthingsexistintheformof(sborsth.) 在于e.g.1. Theproblemliesinthefactthattheydonothaveacompetentleader.2.Ourstrengthslieinproblemsolving.我們的優(yōu)勢在于解決問題的能力。onthewayhecourseofbecomingordoingsth. 在做e.g.1.I’mnowoutofhospitalandwellonthewaytorecovery.2.Aclosedeconomywillnotputacountryonthewaytoprosperity.閉關(guān)自守的經(jīng)濟不會使一個國家富起來。speakupgiveone’sopinionfreelyandclearly 暢所欲言，清楚地表明看法e.g.1.Youshouldneverbefrightenedofspeakingupyourbeliefsunderanycircumstances.2.Ifyouthoughtthatwasn’tfair,whydidn’tyou speakup?如果你認(rèn)為那不公平，為什么不說出來？clarify vt.fmlmakeclearerandeasiertounderstand,esp.byexplainingandgivingmoredetails〖正式〗澄清，