2022年歷年職稱英語考試?yán)砉ゎ怋級歷年真題及答案

1、2010年職稱英語理工類(B級)考試真題及答案第1部分：詞匯選項(xiàng)(第115題，每題1分，共15分)下面每個(gè)句子中均有1個(gè)詞或短語劃有底橫線，請為每處劃線部分確定1個(gè)意義最為接近的選項(xiàng)。1Patricia stared at the other girls with resentmentAangerBdoubtClove HYPERLINK t _blank 考試大論壇Dsurprise2The document was compiled by the Department of HealthAwrittenBprintedCattachedDsent3Hes spent years culti

2、vating a knowledge of artAsharingBusingCdenyingDdeveloping4Weve seen a marked shift in our approach to the social issuesAclearBregularCquickDgreat5.Her father was a quiet man with graceful mannersApoliteBsimilarCusualDbad6.I want to provide my boys with a decent educationAgoodBspecialCprivateDgenera

3、l7In the process，the light energy converts to heat energyAchangesBreducesCleavesDdrops8Many cities have restricted smoking in public placesAlimitedBallowedCstoppedDkept9 What are my chances of promotion if I stay here?AretirementBadvertisementCadvancementDreplacement10If we leave now，we should miss

4、the trafficAdirectBstopCmixDavoid11There was a profound silence after his remarkAproudBshortCsuddenDdeep12I enjoyed the play it had a clever plot and funny dialoguesAlongBboringCoriginalDhumorous13The thief was finally captured two miles away from the villageAcaughtBkilledCfoundDjailed14Such a datab

5、ase would be extremely costly to set upAtransferBdestroyCestablishDupdate15The two banks have announced plans to merge next yearAcombineBsellCcloseDbreak第2部分：閱讀判斷(第1622題，每題1分，共7分)下面的短文后列出了7個(gè)句子，請根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容對每個(gè)句子做出判斷：如果該句提供的是正確信息，請選擇A；如果該句提供的是錯(cuò)誤信息，請選擇B；如果該句的信息文中沒有提及，請選擇C。A Great Quake Coming?Everyone who

6、lives in San Francisco knows that earthquakes are common in the bay area and they can be devastatingIn 1906，for example，a major quake destroyed about 28，000 buildings and killed hundreds，perhaps thousands of peopleResidents now wonder when the nextBig Onewill strikeIts bound to happen somedayAt leas

7、t seven active fault(斷層)lines run through the San Francisco areaFaults are places where pieces of Earths crust(地殼)slide past each otherWhen these pieces slip，the ground shakesTo prepare for that day, scientists are using new techniques to reanalyze the 1906 earthquake and predict how bad the damage

8、might be when the next one happens考試大中國教育考試門戶網(wǎng)站(wwwE)One new finding about the 1906 earthquake is that the San Andreas fault split apart faster than scientists had assumed at the timeDuring small earthquakes，faults rupture(斷裂)at about 2.7 kilometers per secondDuring bigger quakes，however，ruptures ca

9、n happen at rates faster than 3.5 kilometers per secondAt such high speedsmassive amounts of pressure build up，generating underground waves that can cause more damage than the quake itselfLucky for San Francisco，these pressure pulses(脈沖)travel away from the city during the 1906 eventAs bad as the da

10、mage was，it could have been far worseLooking ahead，scientists are trying to predict when the next major quake will occurRecords show that earthquakes were common before 1906Since then，the earthquake has been relatively quietPatterns in the data，however，suggest that the probability of a major earthqu

11、ake striking the Bay Area before 2032 is at least 62 percentNew buildings in San Francisco are quite safe in case of future quakesStill，more than 84 per-cent of the citys buildings are old and weakAnalyses suggest that another massive earthquake would cause extensive damagePeople who live there tend

12、 to feel safe because San Francisco has remained pretty quiet for a whileAccording to the new reseaych，however，its not a matter ofif the Big One will hitIts just a matter of when16The San Francisco area is located above several active fault linesARightBWrongCNot mentioned17The 1906 earthquake in San

13、 Francisco is the most severe one in American historyARightBWrongCNot mentioned18The highest speed of fault ruptures in the 1906 quake was more than 3.5 kilometers per second.ARightBWrongCNot mentioned19Earthquakes rarely happened before 1906ARightBWrongCNot mentioned20San Francisco is fully prepare

14、d for another big earthquakeARightBWrongCNot mentioned21Scientist will be able to predict the exact time of an earthquake soonARightBWrongCNot mentioned22A major earthquake striking San Francisco someday is inevitableARightBWrongCNot mentioned第3部分：概括大意與完成句子(第2330題，每題1分，共8分)下面的短文后有2項(xiàng)測試任務(wù)：(1)第23-26題要求

15、從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中為第25段每段選擇1個(gè)最佳標(biāo)題；(2)第2730題要求從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中為每個(gè)句子確定1個(gè)最佳選項(xiàng)。Natural GasNatural gas is produced from reservoirs deep beneath the earths surfaceIt is a fossil fuel，meaning that it is derived from organic material buried in the earth millions of years ago.The main component of natural gas is methane(甲烷)

16、.The popularity and use of clean natural gas has increased dramatically over the past 50 years as Dipeline infrastructure(基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施)has been installed to deliver it conveniently and economically to millions of residential，commercial and industrial customers worldwideToday，natural gas service is available

17、 in all 50 states，and is the leading energy choice for fueling American homes and indus-triesMore than 65 million American homes use natural gasIn fact，natural gas is the most eco-nomical source for home energy needs，costing one-third as much as electricity. In addition to heat-ing homes，much of the

18、 gas used in the United States is used as a raw material to manufacture a wide variety of products，from paint，to fibers for clothing，to plastics for healthcare，computing and fur-nishings Natural gas is also used in a significant number of new electricity-generating power plants.Natural gas is one of

19、 the safest and cleanest fuels available It emits less pollution than other fossil fuelsdioxide(二氧化碳)and water vapor-the same substances emitted when humans ex-haleCompared with some other fossil fuels，natural gas emits the least amount of carbon dioxide in-to the air when combusted(燃燒)-making natur

20、al gas the cleanest burning fossil fuel of allThe industry also is subject to substantial federal regulation in the areas of production and distribution，which help ensure it is provided to consumers safely and cleanlyThe United States consumes about one-third of the worlds natural gas output，making

21、it the lar-gest gas consuming region in the worldThe USDepartment of Energys Energy Information Ad-ministration forecasts that natural gas demand will grow by more than 50 percent by 2025.There are huge reserves of natural gas beneath the earths surfaceThe largest reserves of natu-ral gas can be fou

22、nd in Russia，West and North Africa and the Middle EastLNG(液化天然氣)has been produced domestically and imported in the United States for more than four decades.To-day，the leading importers of LNG are Japan，Korea，F(xiàn)rance and Spain.23Paragraph 2_24Paragraph 3_ 25Paragraph 4_26Paragraph 5_APopularity and us

23、e of natural gasBNatural gas reserves and supplyCNatural gas pricesDClean fuel of choiceEDisadvantages of natural gasFNatural gas consumption27Natural gas is stored deep_.28Natural gas is recognized as the most economical energy source _.29When manufacturing many products，people commonly use natural

24、 gas _.30It is estimated that by 2050 that natural gas demand in the United States will increase_.Aover the past 50 yearsBbeneath the earth surfaceCby more than 50 percentDfor more than four decadesEas a raw material Ffor home energy needs第4部分：閱讀理解(第31-45題，每題3分，共45分)下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道題。請根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，為每題確定1個(gè)

25、最佳選項(xiàng)。第一篇Walking to Exercise the BrainDo you think sitting and studying all the time will improve your grades?Think againGetting some exercise may help，tooNew research with older people suggests that taking regular walks helps them pay attention better than if they didnt exercisePrevious research had

26、 shown that mice learn，remember，and pay attention better after a few weeks of working out on a running wheelMice that exercise have greater blood flow to the brain than those who dontTheir brain cells also make more connectionsNeuroscientists from the University at Urbana-Champaign wanted to find ou

27、t if the same thing is true for peopleFirst，they measured the physical fitness of 41 adults，ages 58 to 77，after each per-son walked 1 mileThen，participants looked at arrows on a computer sczeen and had to use com-puter keys to show which way one particular arrow was pointingAdults who were physicall

28、y fit were faster at the arrow task，and their answers were just as ac- curate as their less-fit peers,the researchers foundThe fitter participants also had more blood flow to a part of their brain responsible for paying attention and making decisionsIn a second study，15 elderly people who completed

29、a 6-month aerobic-training course were fas-ter at attention tasks compared with 14 seniors who just did stretching and toning exercises for the same amount of time HYPERLINK t _blank 考試大論壇So，even going for a walk every 2 or 3 days forjust 10 to 45 minutes can helpThat should be good news for your gr

30、andparentsThe effects of exercising on the brains of younger people havent been studied yetStill，it cant hurt to take occasional study breaks and go for a walk or run around with your friendsYou might even do better in schoolWhatever you do，though，dont try to read and walk at the same timeYou could

31、end up hurting yourseff!31Walking regularly helps elderly people_Alose weightBbecome happierCconcentrate betterDlook younger32After taking exercise for a few weeks，the mice were found to have_Ahigher blood pressureBfaster heartbeatCmore blood flow to the brainDbetter appearance33The first study on 4

32、1 elderly people found_Athe less-fit participants did arrow tasks fasterBthe fitter participants did arrow tasks fasterCthe less-fit participants gave more accurate answersDthe fitter participants gave more accurate answers34It can be good for health when one takes a walk every 2 or 3 days for at le

33、ast_A3 minutesB45 minutesC30 minutesD10 minutes35It is suggested in the last paragraph that people should_Arun around once a weekBnot read and walk at the same timeCgo for a walk every dayDnot hurt their friends while exercising第二篇Night of the Living AntsWhen an ant dies，other ants move the dead ins

34、ect out of the nestThis behavior is interesting to scientists，who wonder how ants know for sure and so soon that another ant is deadDong-Hwan Choe，a scientist at the University of California found that Argentine ants have a chemical on the outside of their bodies that signals to other antsIm deadtak

35、e me awayBut theres a twist to Choes discoveryThese ants ave a little bit like zombies(僵尸)Choe says that the living ants，not just the dead ones，have this death chemicalsIn other wordsWhile an ant crawls around，perhaps in a picnic or home，its telling other ants that its deadWhat keeps ants from hauli

36、ng away the liring dead?Choe found that Argentine ants have two additional chemicals on their bodies，and these tell nearby ants something like，Wait-Im not dead yet，So Choes research turned up two sets of chemical signals in ants：one says，Im deadthe other set says，Im not dead yetOther scientists have

37、 tried to figure out how ants know when another ant is dead If an ant is knocked unconscious，other ants leave it alone until it wakes upThat means ants know that unmoving ants can still be aliveChoe suspects that when an Argentine ant dies，the chemical that saysWait-Im not dead yet quickly goes away

38、.Once that chemical is gone，only the one that saysIm deadis leftIts because the dead ant no longer smells like a living ant that it gets carried to the graveyard(墓地)，not because its body releases new unique chemicals after death，said Choe When other ants detect thedeadchemical without thenot dead ye

39、tchemical，they haul away the body This was choes hypothesis(假設(shè)) HYPERLINK t _blank 考試大論壇To test his hypothesis，Choe and his team put different chemicals on Argentine ant pupae(蛹). When the scientists used theIm deadchemical，other ants quickly hauled tbe treated pupae away. When the scientists used t

40、heWait-Im not dead yetchemicals，other ants left the treated pupae alone.Choe believes this behavior shows that thenot dead yetchemicals override(優(yōu)先于) thedeadchemical when picked up by adult ants And that when an ant dies，thenot dead yetchemicals fade awayOther nearby ants then detect the remainingde

41、adchemical and remove the body from the nest36What is meant bydeath chemicalmentioned in paragraph 3?AA chemical that contains poisonBA chemical that causes deathCA chemical that announces deathDA chemical that prevents death37Which of the following statements is NOT true of ants?AAnts know very soo

42、n that another ant is deadBWhen an ant is dead，others move its body out of the nestCIf an ant is unconscious，it is moved out of the nestDLiving ants have theIm deadchemical on their bodies38According to Choes hypothesis，_.Aan ant still smells like a living when it diesBtheI am deadchemical leaves th

43、e ants body when it diesCtheI am not dead yetchemical is left when an ant diesDtheI am not dead yetchemical leaves the ants body when it dies39According to paragraph 7，what is the result of the test on Choes hyothesis?AIt shows that his hypothesis is wrongBIt proves that his hypothesis is convincing

44、CIt suggests that his hypothesis needs revisingDNot enough evidence has been found to support his hypothesis40The passageNight of the Living Antstells us about_.Ahow an ant is moved out of the nest at nighBwhat an ant does at nightChow an ant finds its way in darknessDwhat happens when an ant dies第三

45、篇The IcemanOn a September day in 1991，two Germans were climbing the mountain between Austria and ItalyHigh up on a mountain pass，they found the body of a man lying on the ice. At that height (10,499 feet or 3，200 meters)，the ice is usually permanent，but 1991 had been an especially warm yearThe mount

46、ain ice had melted more than just usual and so the body had come to the surfaceIt was lying face downwardThe skeleton(骨架)was in perfect condition，except for a wound in the headThere was still skin on the bones and the remains of some clothesThe hands were still holding the wooden handle of an ax and

47、 on the feet there were very simple leather and cloth bootsNearby was a pair of gloves made of tree bark(樹皮)and a holder for arrowsWho was the man? How and when had he died? Everybody had a different answer to these questionsSome people thought that it was from this century，perhaps the body of a sol

48、dier who died in World War Isince several soldiers had already been found in the area A Swiss woman who believed it might be her father, who had died in those mountains twenty years before and whose body had never been foundThe scientists who rushed to look at the body thought it was probably much o

49、lder，maybe even a thousand years old HYPERLINK t _blank 考試大論壇With modern dating techniques，the scientists soon learned that the iceman was about 5，300 years oldBorn in about 3300 BC，he lived during the Bronze Age in EuropeAt first scientists thought he was probably a hunter who had died from an acci

50、dent in the high mountains. More recent evidencehowever，tells a different storyA new kind of X-ray shows an arrowhead still stuck in his shoulderIt left only a tiny hole in his skin，but it caused internal damage and bleedingHe almost certainlv died from this wound，and not from the wound on the back

51、of his headThis means that he was probably in some kind of battleIt may have been part of a large war，or he may have been fighting banditsHe may even have been a bandit himselfBy studying his clothes and tools，scientists have already learned a great deal from the Iceman about the times he lived inwe

52、 may never know the full story of how he died，but he has given us important clues to the history of those distant times41The body of the iceman was found in the mountains mainly because_Atwo Germans were climbing mountainsBhe was just on a mountain passCthe melted ice made him visibleDhe was lying o

53、n the ice42What can be inferred from paragraph 2?AThe iceman could have died from the wound in the headBThe iceman was struck dead from behindCThe iceman was killed while workingDThe iceman lived a poor life43All the following are assumptions once made about iceman EXCEPT_Ahe was a soldier in Worid

54、War IBhe came from ItalyChe was a Swiss womanS long-lost fatherDHe was born about a thousand years ago44The scientists made the deduction that the iceman_Awas hit in the shoulder by an arrowheadBhas a tiny hole in his skin causing his deathCwas probably in some kind of a battleDhad got a wound on th

55、e back of his head45The wordbanditsin paragraph 4 could be best replaced by_ArobbersBshootersCsoldiersDhunters第5部分：補(bǔ)全短文(第4650題，每題2分，共10分)下面的短文有5處空白，短文后有6個(gè)句子，其中5個(gè)取自短文，請根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容將其分別放回原有位置，以恢復(fù)文章原貌。SemcoAt 21，Ricardo Semler became boss of his fatherS business in Brazil，Semco，which sold parts for shipsSeml

56、er Junior worked like a madman，from 7：30 am，until midnight every dayOne afternoon，while touring a factory in New York，he collapsedThe doctor who treated him said，Theres nothing wrong with youBut if you continue like thisyoull find a new home in our hospitalSemler got the messageHe changed the way he

57、 workedIn fact，he changed the ways his employees worked tooHe let his workers take more responsibility so that they would be the ones worrying when things went wrongHe allowed them to set their own salaries，and he cut all the jobs he thought were unnecessary，like receptionists and secretaries_(46)Ev

58、eryone at Semco，even top managers，meets guests in reception，does the photocopying，sends faxes，types letters and dials the phoneHe completely reorganized the office：instead of walls，they have plants at Semco，SO bosses cant shut themselves away from everyone else_(47)As for uniforms，some people wear s

59、uits and others wear T-shirtsSemler says，We have a sales manager named Rubin Agater who sits there reading the newspaper hour after hourHe doesnt even pretend to be busyBut when a Semco pump on the other side of the world fails，millions of gallons of oil are about to spill into the seaRubin springs

60、into action_(48)ThatS when he earns his salaryNo one cares if he doesnt look busy the rest of the timeSemco has flexible working hours：the employees decide when they need to arrive at workThe employees also evaluate their bosses twice a year_(49)請?jiān)L問考試大網(wǎng)站It sounds perfect，but does it work? The answer