人教版新目標(biāo)八年級下冊英語unit1-5期中復(fù)習(xí)提綱

人教版新目標(biāo)八年級下冊英語unit1-5期中復(fù)習(xí)提綱人教版新目標(biāo)八年級下冊英語unit1-5期中復(fù)習(xí)提綱人教版新目標(biāo)八年級下冊英語unit1-5期中復(fù)習(xí)提綱資料僅供參考文件編號：2022年4月人教版新目標(biāo)八年級下冊英語unit1-5期中復(fù)習(xí)提綱版本號：A修改號：1頁次：1.0審核：批準(zhǔn):發(fā)布日期：人教版新目標(biāo)八年級下冊英語unit1-5復(fù)習(xí)提綱Unit1What’sthematter?

詢問某人的健康問題以及遇到了何種麻煩時，常用以下幾種結(jié)構(gòu)來表達(dá)：提建議：shoulddo/shouldn’tdo應(yīng)該/不應(yīng)該干某事What’sthematter(withsb)/What’swrong(withsb)/Whathappened(tosb)What’sthetrouble(withsb)/What’stheproblem(withsb)/AreyouOK/Isthereanythingwrongwithsb?表達(dá)身體疼痛或不舒服：sbhave/hasafever(cold,cough,theflu)sbhave/hasa..—ache(headache,toothache,stomachache,backache,anearache)sbhave/hasasorethroat(back,arm,foot,eyes)Thereissomethingwrongwithone’s+身體部位Idon’tfeelwell.(這里的well是形容詞，健康的)Let’s+動詞原形./What(How)aboutdoingsth/Whynot(Whydon’tyou)do

You’dbetterdo/You’dbetternotdo最好干某事/最好不要干某事toomuch+不可數(shù)名詞:toomuchhomework動詞+toomuch:talktoomuchtoomany+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)：toomanystudentsmuchtoo+adj/adv:muchtootiredhotteawithhoney加蜂蜜的熱茶(這里的with是后置定語，修飾tea)getanX-ray照X光seeadentist看牙醫(yī)=gotoadentisttakeone’stemperature量體溫putsomemedicineonit上藥takebreaks=takeabreak=havearest休息一下liedown躺下gotoadoctor看醫(yī)生inthesameway以同樣的方式hurtoneself傷著自己awayfrom：遠(yuǎn)離Stayawayfromfire.遠(yuǎn)離火A地離B地的具體距離具體的距離+awayfrom:Myhomeis500metersawayfrommyschool.Farfrom：A地離B地很遠(yuǎn)Myhomeisfarfrommyschool.(具體多遠(yuǎn)不知道)lie動詞，躺、位于，過去式lay,過去分詞lain,現(xiàn)在分詞lying動詞，說謊，過去式lied,過去分詞lied,現(xiàn)在分詞lying名詞，謊言tellalie=telllies說謊lay動詞，下蛋，產(chǎn)卵，放置，過去式laid,過去分詞laid,現(xiàn)在分詞layingseesbdoingsth看見某人正在干某事seesbdosth看見某人干某事的全過程shoutforhelp大聲呼救shoutatsb對某人大喊大叫shouttosb對某人大聲說話withoutthinkingtwice毫不猶豫，不假思索geton上車getoff下車（大型交通工具）getinto/getoutof(電梯、出租車等小型交通工具)toone’ssurprise另某人吃驚的是expectsbtodosth期待某人干某事expectsbnottodosth期待某人不要干某事agreetodosth同意干某事thanksto多虧了，幸虧=becauseof=withthehelpofintime及時ontime按時，準(zhǔn)時getintotrouble陷入困境，惹麻煩rightaway=rightnow=atonce立即馬上falldown倒塌，跌倒thinkof想起，認(rèn)為thinkabout考慮thinkaboutdoingsth考慮干某事thinkover仔細(xì)考慮hitsbin/on+身體部位（軟的部位用in,硬的部位用on）runitunderwater用水沖洗putabandageonit用繃帶包扎Knivesareusedtocutthings.sick&illsick形容詞，可作定語，修飾名詞，如：asickgirl;也可作表語，如：Sheissick.ill形容詞，一般只作表語，不做定語Sheisill.(ill作定語修飾名詞，指壞的=bad)havetrouble(in)doingsth=haveproblems/difficulty(in)doingsth干某事有麻煩/問題/困難havetroublewithsth=haveproblemswithsth=havedifficultywithsth在某方面有困難be/getusedtodoingsth習(xí)慣于干某事Iamusedtogettingupearly.我習(xí)慣了早起usedtodosth過去常常干某事（暗示現(xiàn)在不干了）Iusedtogetupearly.(暗示現(xiàn)在不早起)beusedtodosth被用來干某事（是由usesthtodosth變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)而來）lookup查閱，查字典writedown寫下，記下takearisk=takerisks冒險risk用作動詞：risk+n/代/doingsthIamwillingtorisklosingeverything.becauseof+名詞或名詞性短語becauseofaccidentsloseone’slife失去生命inadangeroussituation在危險的情況下byoneself獨自，親自free形容詞，自由的，空閑的，免費的：Areyoufree

/Theflowerisforfree.花是免費的動詞，解放，使自由Iwanttofreethesebirdsincages.runout用完，耗盡，物作主語,即sthrunout:Mymoneyranoutsoon.runoutof用完，耗盡，=useup人作主語，即sbrunoutofsth:Iranoutofmymoneysoon.usesthtodosth使用某物來干某事cutoff切斷climbdown爬下bereadytodosth=getreadytodosth準(zhǔn)備好干某事bereadyforsth=getreadyforsth為…做好準(zhǔn)備withhisleftarm用他的左胳膊，with用(用工具)Weeatwithchopsticks.我們用筷子吃飯。in用（用語言，聲音，材料等）SpeakinEnglish,please.called=named被叫做，名為…的Doyouknowthegirlcalled/namedNancy?

tellof講述=talkabouttheimportanceof+n/代/doingsth…的重要性theimportanceofwater水的重要性theimportanceofreadingbooks讀書的重要性makedecisions作決定makedecisionstodosth作決定干某事=decidetodosthbeincontrolof掌管，管理Youshouldbeincontrolofyourownlife.beoutofcontrol失去控制thesameas和…一樣die動詞，died過去式dying現(xiàn)在分詞，可作形容詞，垂死的dead形容詞，死亡的，death名詞，死亡keepondoingsth堅持干某事giveup動副短語，代詞放中間，用賓格：giveit/themupgiveupdoingsth放棄干某事=stopdoingsthUnit2I’llhelptocleanupthecityparks.動詞短語：動詞+介詞：lookat,listento,lookafter(to,at,in,after,for,of,from,across,with,through)動詞+副詞：pickup,takeout,giveaway(on,off,up,down,out,away,)代詞作賓語，放中間，用賓格。動詞+名詞+介詞：takecareof,takepartin系動詞+形容詞+介詞：beangrywith，bedifferentfrom動詞+副詞+介詞：lookforwardto,catchupwithput:puton穿上，上演；putoff推遲，延期；putup舉起，張貼，搭建；putdown放下putout撲滅，熄滅；putaway收起來，收好come:comefrom來自；comeon快點，加油；comein進(jìn)來；comeupwith想出，想起comeout出來，出版，放映；comeover過來，順便來訪look:lookat看著lookafter照看，照顧；lookout當(dāng)心；looklike看起來像；lookup查閱lookforwardto期待，盼望turn:turnon打開；turnoff關(guān)掉；turnup聲音調(diào)大點；turndown聲音調(diào)小點；cut:cutup切碎；cutdown砍伐；cutoff切斷；cutinto切成take:takeafter相像；takeoff脫下，起飛；takepartin參加；takecareof照顧，照料takeout拿出，取出cleanup打掃干凈；cheerup振作起來，使高興起來；setup建立；helpout幫助解決難題；workout解答出來，計算出，效果好；giveout=handout分發(fā)，散發(fā)；tryout試驗，參加…的選拔；dressup打扮，喬裝打扮；giveaway贈送；growup長大；makeup編造；giveup放棄callup=ringup打電話pickup撿起，開車接某人，putoffdoingsth推遲干某事comeupwith=thinkup想出putupsigns張貼標(biāo)語clean-up名詞清潔catchupwith追上，趕上notice:名詞，通知，通告動詞，注意到noticesbdosth注意到某人干某事的全過程noticesbdoingsth注意到某人正在干某事each&every:同:each,every后面加名詞異：1.each強(qiáng)調(diào)個體，every強(qiáng)調(diào)整體；2.each是兩個或兩個以上中的每一個，every是三個或三個以上的每一個；3.each可以和of連用，every不可以，eachof+名詞作主語，謂語動詞用三單形式。usedtodosth過去常常干某事（暗示現(xiàn)在不干了）Iusedtoplaybasketballafterschool.Ididn’tusetoplaybasketballafterschool.或Iusedn’ttoplaybasketballafterschool.Didyouusetoplaybasketballafterschool.或Usedyoutoplaybasketballafterschool.Yes,Idid./No,Ididn’t.或Yes,Iused./No,Iusedn’t.Whatdidyouusetodo?或Whatusedyoutodo?usedtobe過去是（現(xiàn)在不是了）Iusedtobeastudent.(現(xiàn)在不是學(xué)生了)carefor照顧，照料，用于肯定句=lookafter=takecareof非常喜歡，用于否定句Idon’tcareforgreentea.someday有朝一日，用于將來時；oneday有一天，用于過去時態(tài)或?qū)頃r態(tài)theotherday前幾天，用于過去時態(tài)lonely&alone:lonely形容詞，孤獨的，寂寞的，荒涼的，有強(qiáng)烈的感情色彩，可作表語，如：Ifeellonely.可作定語，alonelyisland一座孤島alone副詞，修飾動詞，如：livealone獨自生活；也可以用作形容詞，但只能作表語，無感情色彩，強(qiáng)調(diào)獨自，一個人，如：Iwasaloneathome.volunteertodosth自愿干某事volunteer作名詞，志愿者so&such:so強(qiáng)調(diào)形容詞或副詞，such強(qiáng)調(diào)名詞1.such+a/an+adj+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)：suchacleverboy2.such+adj+不可數(shù)名詞或可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù):suchbadweather/suchbeautifulflowers1.so+adj/adv:socute/hard2.so+adj+a/an+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)：socleveraboy=suchacleverboy3.so+many/much/few/little當(dāng)名詞前有many,much,few,little修飾時，只能用soafeelingofsatisfaction一種滿足感satisfaction名詞，滿足，滿意；satisfy動詞satisfysb使某人滿意Myanswerdidn’tsatisfyher.satisfied形容詞，滿意的besatisfiedwith對…滿意Iamsatisfiedwithyourgift.theownerof…的主人：Whoistheownerofthiscar?

attheageof…=whensbwas…yearsoldIcouldwriteattheageoffive.=IcouldwritewhenIwasfiveyearsold.tryoutfor參加...的選拔Fiftyboyscametotryoutforthebasketballteam.tryout試驗Theyaretryingoutanewteachingmethod.他們正在試驗新的教學(xué)方法。goonajourney=goonatrip去旅行（journey指長途旅行，trip指短途旅行travel指長時間，遠(yuǎn)距離的旅行，尤指出國旅行）atthesametime同時bebusywithsth=bebusydoingsth忙于干某事打電話的表達(dá)：callsb=ringsb=callsbup=ringsbup=givesbacall=phonesbinone’sfreetime在某人的空閑時間raisemoney籌集資金raisemoneyfor為…籌集資金raise舉起=putup:raiseyourrighthand=putupyourrighthand提高Don’traiseyourvoiceatme.養(yǎng)育Heraisedalargefamily.todo不定式的用法：賓語：want/hope/decide/wish/like/plan/try/expecttodosth賓語補足語：want/wish/expect/help/asksbtodosth主語：Ittakessbsometimetodosth/It’s+adj+forsbtodosth/Toseeistobelieve.表語：一般在系動詞的后面：Toseeistobelieve.狀語：目的狀語：Igetupearlytocatchtheearlybus.原因狀語：I’mgladtoseeyou.結(jié)果狀語：Heisoldenoughtogotoschool.后置定語：Thebestwaytorelaxisthroughexercise.fixup修理，裝飾giveaway贈送givein屈服setup建立break過去式是broke過去分詞broken，broken也可作形容詞，損壞的，殘缺的writetosb=writealettertosb寫信給某人hearfromsb=get/receivealetterfromsb收到某人的來信thankyoufordoingsth=thanksfordoingsth謝謝你干某事make/find/thinkit+adjforsbtodosth在這個結(jié)構(gòu)中，it作形式賓語，真正的賓語是todosth使干某事對于某人來說是…的/發(fā)現(xiàn)干某事對于某人來說是…的/認(rèn)為干某事對于某人來說是…的IfinditdifficultformetolearnEnglishwell.makea(big/great)differencetosb/sth對某人或某物產(chǎn)生了（巨大的）影響Theaccidentmadeabigdifferencetohislife.makenodifferencetosb/sth對某人或某物沒有影響Itmadenodifferencetome.imagine+n/代/doingsthIcan’timaginelivingwithoutcleanwater.imagine+賓語從句Imaginethatyouareinspace.difficulty：具體的概念，困難，難題，難事，可數(shù)名詞，復(fù)數(shù)difficulties抽象的困難，不可數(shù)：havedifficulty(in)doingsthafriendofmine=oneofmyfriendsafriendofhers=oneofherfriendsafriendofmyfather’s=oneofmyfriendsanswerthetelephone接電話beexcitedabout對…感到激動、興奮carry搬，運，提，無方向性bring帶來take帶走get/fetch?。ㄍ颠^程）形容詞+ness=名詞kind+ness=kindness,sad+ness=sadness,ill+ness=illness,fair+ness=fairnesshappy+ness=happinesstrain:名詞，火車動詞，培訓(xùn)，訓(xùn)練trainsb/sthtodosth訓(xùn)練某人或某物干某事trainsb/sthin在…方面訓(xùn)練某人training名詞培訓(xùn)，訓(xùn)練sendsbsth=sendsthtosb把…寄給/送給某人changeone’slife改變某人的生活change作為動詞，改變；作名詞，意為零錢：Hereisyourchange.這是你的找錢。beinterestedin=takeaninterestin對…感興趣（interest作為名詞，可數(shù)，復(fù)數(shù)interests）擅長dowellin=begoodat=bestronginworkoutfine效果顯著Unit3Couldyoupleasecleanyourroom?

提出禮貌請求的句型：Couldyou(please)dosth？肯定回答：Yes,sure./Certainly/Ofcourse/Noproblem/Allright/OK等。否定回答：No,Ican’t./Sorry,Ican’t./I’mafraidIcan’t等否定結(jié)構(gòu)是：Couldyoupleasenotdosth請求對方許可的句型：CouldI/wedosth(不用Please)肯定答：Yes,youcan.否定答：No,youcan’t.dothedishes洗碗sweepthefloor掃地takeouttherubbish倒垃圾makethebed整理床鋪foldtheclothes疊衣服cleanthelivingroom打掃客廳getaride搭便車givesbaride讓某人搭便車stayoutlate深夜不歸gooutfordinner外出吃飯takeout拿出，取出TakeoutyourEnglishbooks.workon從事Heisworkingonanewbook.他正在從事一本新書的寫作。finishdoingsth完成干某事anyminutenow=anymomentnow=anytimenow隨時，馬上twohoursofTVisenough時間，距離，金錢，度量作主語，?？醋饕粋€整體，謂語動詞用三單形式如：Twentyyearsisalongtime.mess名詞，雜亂，不整潔，常構(gòu)成短語：inamessmessy形容詞，雜亂的，不整潔的beangrywithsb生某人的氣beangryat/aboutsth因某事而生氣solvetheproblem解決問題answerthequestion回答問題comehomefromschool放學(xué)回家comehomefromwork下班回家throw扔，擲，動詞，過去式是threwthrowdown扔下throwat向…扔（有惡意）throwsthtosb=throwsbsth扔給某人某物throwaway扔掉throwabout到處亂扔Don’tthrowaboutrubbish.theminute=themoment=assoonas一…就….，引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，注意“主將從現(xiàn)”Iwillmeethertheminuteshegetsofftheplane.Pleasecallmeassoonasyouarrivethere.as…aspossible=as…assbcan盡可能….如：asearlyaspossible盡可能早assoonaspossible盡可能快comeover過來，順便來訪Myfriendwillcomeovertomyhousetomorrow.takethedogforawalk=walkthedog遛狗allthetime一直，頻繁，反復(fù)anger名詞，憤怒-------angry形容詞，憤怒的--------angrily副詞，憤怒地walkaway走開as+形容詞或副詞原級+as和..一樣notas…as/notso…as不如，不及Englishisasimportantasmath.英語和數(shù)學(xué)一樣重要Englishisnotasimportantasmath.英語不如數(shù)學(xué)重要neither兩者都不，是both反義詞，作為代詞，常和介詞of連用，neitherof后面的名詞常為復(fù)數(shù)，但謂語動詞用三單形式（在一些非正式的情況下，也會用復(fù)數(shù)）NeitheroftheparentsknowsEnglish.neitherAnorB既不…也不…連接兩個名詞做主語，就近原則：NeitherhenorIamright.適用就近原則的有：NeitherAnorB;eitherAorB;NotonlyAbutalsoBBothAandB連接兩個名詞作主語，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)。neither+be動詞/助動詞/情態(tài)動詞+主：A不…，B也不（前面一種否定情況同樣適用于后者）Janedoesn’tlikeEnglish,neitherdoI.(這里的neither可以換成nor)Janecan’tswim,neithercanI.(NorcanI)so+be動詞/助動詞/情態(tài)動詞+主：A…，B也…（前面一種肯定情況同樣適用于后者）JanelikesEnglish,sodoI.Janecanswim,socanI.so+主+be動詞/助動詞/情態(tài)動詞：A…，A的確如此（前后兩個句子討論同一個人）JanelikesEnglish,soshedoes.Janecanswim,soshecan.insurprise吃驚地，好奇地，驚訝地hangout閑逛passsthtosb=passsbsth把…遞給某人lendsbsth=lendsthtosb把…借給某物借：borrow借進(jìn)，借入borrow…from從…借lend(過去式lent)借出lendsthtosb=lendsbsth表示借東西借了多久，用keep:HowlongcanIkeepthebookYoucankeepitfor2weeks.when&while:when引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，從句的動詞通常都是非延續(xù)性動詞，有時也會用延續(xù)性動詞，從句的時態(tài)通常是一般過去時，一般現(xiàn)在時while引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，從句的動詞通常都是延續(xù)性動詞，從句的時態(tài)通常都是進(jìn)行時或現(xiàn)在時此外，while還有“而”的含義，表示前后的對比：HelikesEnglishwhileIlikemath.invitesbtosp邀請某人去某地invitesbtodosth邀請某人去干某事lookthrough瀏覽makesbdosth使某人干某事(這里的do是不帶to的不定式)，類似的有：letsbdo/havesbdostress不可數(shù)名詞，壓力bestressedout壓力太大waste:名詞awasteoftime浪費時間awasteofmoney浪費金錢動詞Don’twastepaper.形容詞，廢棄的Don’tpourwastewaterintotheriver.四個“花”1.spend人作主語，常用結(jié)構(gòu)：spendtime/moneyonsthShespentalotofmoneyonclothes.spendtime/money(in)doingsthIspent2hoursdoingmyhomeworklastnight.2.cost物作主語Thebookcostme20yuan.3.pay付錢，常和for連用Shepaid200yuanforthismeal.4.take,常用于ittakes(took)sbsometimetodosthIttookme2hourstofinishmyhomeworklastnight.getintoacollege=getintoauniversity上大學(xué)thereisnoneedforsbtodosth某人沒有必要干某事It’sone’sjobtodosth干某事是某人的工作It’steachers’jobtoteachstudents.It’sone’sdutytodosth干某事是某人的職責(zé)It’sourdutytocarefortheoldvidesthforsb=providesbwithsthTheyprovidedahouseforhim.=Theyprovidedhimwithahouse.anyway反正Samdidn’tgetthejob,buthe’snotunhappybecauseitdidn’tpaywellanyway.無論如何，不管怎樣It’sjustacold.Butanyway,youshouldstillseethedoctor.inorderto+do為了干某事Inordertocatchtheearlybus,hegotupat5:00.inordernottodo為了不要干某事Inordernotbelateagain,hegotupearly.inorderthat+句子=sothat引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句Hegotupearlyinorderthathecancatchthebus.It’s+adj.+forsb.+todo...句中的形容詞修飾todo,如hard,easy,important等It’s+adj.+ofsb.+todo...句中的形容詞常表示人的性格、品質(zhì)與特點等,如kind,nice,cleverdependon依靠，信賴Youcan’talwaysdependonyourparents.取決于Whetherwewillgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.我們明天是否去野營取決于天氣。develop動詞，發(fā)展，壯大，培養(yǎng)Thesmallvillagedevelopedintoafamouscity.developchildren’sindependence培養(yǎng)孩子們的獨立性developed形容詞，發(fā)達(dá)的developedcountry發(fā)達(dá)國家developing形容詞，發(fā)展中的developingcountry發(fā)展中國家development名詞，發(fā)展Thedevelopmentinourhometownissurprising.fair形容詞，公平的，合理的fairness名詞，公正性，合理性unfair形容詞，不公平的independence名詞獨立性independent形容詞，獨立的since因為，既然Sinceeveryoneishere,let’sstartnow.既然大家都到齊了，我們就出發(fā)吧。自從…以來IhavelivedheresinceIwasborn.自從我出身以來，我一直住在這里。pickup撿起，開車接某人playapart(role)in(doing)sth參與到做某事takeanactivepartin積極參加havenoidea=don’tknow不知道takecareof=lookafter=carefor照顧，照料takegoodcareof=lookafter…well好好照顧asaresult結(jié)果，因此fellill生病drop-dropped-dropped-dropping落下，掉下，下降thegradesdropped成績下降the+比…，the+比….Theearlieryougiveupsmoking,thebetteritisforyoufuture.Unit4Whydon’tyoutalktoyourparents?

提建議的句型：Whydon’tyoudosth=WhynotdosthLetsbdosth/LetsbnotdosthYoucould(not)dosthYoushould(not)dosthWhat/HowaboutdoingsthYou’dbetter(not)dosth.ShallwedosthWouldyoulike(not)todosth

提出請求的句型：Couldyou(please)dosthCouldyou(please)notdosth

Wouldyou(please)dosthWouldyou(please)notdosth

WouldyouminddoingsthWouldyouomindnotdoingsth

Willyou…allow:1.allowsbtodosth允許某人去干某事MyfatherallowedmetowatchTV.2.sbbeallowedtodosth某人被允許干某事IwasallowedtowatchTVbymyfather.3.allowdoingsth允許干某事Wedon’tallowsmokinghere.getintoafightwithsb=haveafightwithsb(fight是名詞)和某人爭吵，打架fightwithsb=fightagainstsb（fight是動詞，過去式fought）和某人爭吵，打架fightforsth為了…而爭吵，打架gotosleep去睡覺fallasleep睡著havetimetodosth有時間干某事begoodwithsb善于和某人相處begoodatdoingsth擅長干某事begoodfor對…有好處begoodto=befriendlytoonthephone在電話中onTV在電視上oncomputer在電腦上ontheInternet在網(wǎng)上findsbdoingsth發(fā)現(xiàn)某人正在干某事IfoundhimplayingcomputergameswhenIgothome.findsbdosth發(fā)現(xiàn)某人干某事的全過程Ifoundamangointoyourroom.lookthrough快速查看，瀏覽saysorrytosb向某人道歉saygoodbyetosb向某人道別saythankstosb向某人道謝sayhi/hellotosb向某人問好workout解決giveback=return歸還Pleasegivemymoneybacktome.=Pleasereturnmymoneytome.TheproblemisthatIcan’tgetonwithmyfamily.(that引導(dǎo)的是表語從句，和賓語從句一樣，需要用陳述句的語序)ThisiswhatIwant./Myproblemiswhetherhewillcome.geton(well,badly)withsb和某人相處的好/壞=getalong(well,badly)withsbIgetonwellwithmyclassmates.geton(well,badly)withsth某事進(jìn)展的好/壞=getalong(well,badly)withsthIgetonwellwithmywork.我的工作進(jìn)展的很順利communicatewithsb和某人交流、溝通（名詞是communication）arguewithsb和某人爭吵（名詞argument）=haveanargumentwithsbargueaboutsthhangover懸掛，籠罩refusetodosth拒絕干某事relation關(guān)系Therelationbetweenthemisthefatherandtheson.if可以引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句，意為如果，遵循主將從現(xiàn)；也可以引導(dǎo)賓語從句，意為是否，不需要遵循主將從現(xiàn)。Idon’tknowifhewillcometomypartytomorrow.Butifhecomes,I’llbeveryhappy.elder年長的elderbrotherolder更老的，更舊的benicetosb=befriendlytosbinstead相反，反而，卻Hedidn’tgotoschool,insteadhewenttothepark.instead代替，后接賓語，必須加介詞of,insteadof+名詞/代詞/doingThereisnocoffee,let’sdrinksometeainstead(ofcoffee).It’srainingoutside.Wecan’tgocamping.Let’sstayathomeinsteadofgoingcamping.Whatever可以引導(dǎo)賓語從句Youcaneatwhateveryoulike.還可以引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句Whateverhappens,don’topenthedoor.benervousabout/of對…焦慮，緊張offertodosth主動提出干某事offersbsth=offersthtosb=providesbwithsth=providesthforsb為某人提供某物explaintosb向某人解釋minddoingsth介意干某事firstly,secondly,thirdly,lastlycopyone’shomework抄作業(yè)return歸還return=givebackreturnsthtosb=returnsbsth回到某地return=goback/comebackImustreturntohotelby8:00.not…anymore=nomore不再(次數(shù)，程度不再增加)Hedoesn’tsmokeanymore.=Henomoresmokes.not…anylonger=nolonger不再（時間不再延長）Hedoesn’tlivehereanylonger.=Henolongerliveshere.leavesth+地點把某物落在了某地Ileftmyhomeworkathome.forget后不接地點pressure壓力，不可數(shù)名詞=stressunderpressure在壓力之下givesbpressure給某人施壓competewithsb和某人競爭=competeagainstcompeteforsth為…而競爭competition（名詞，競爭，競賽）forthefirsttime第一次cutout減掉，刪除，刪掉haveaquickdinner快速地吃晚餐姓氏后+s指夫婦二人或一家人，作主語，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)形式TheSmithsarewatchingTV.besuccessfulindoingsth=havesuccessindoingsth=succeedindoingsth成功地干某事it’stimeforsth=it’stimetodosth該干某事了It’stimeforhomework.=It’stimetodohomework.continuetodosth=goontodosth繼續(xù)干某事（干另一件事）Afterhefinishedhishomework,hecontinuedtoread.=Hewentontoread.continuedoingsth=goondoingsth繼續(xù)干某事（同一件事）Hecontinuedwritinguntilhedied.=HewentonwritinguntilhepareAwithB把A和B進(jìn)行比較Don’tcompareyourkidwithotherpareAtoB把A比作BWeoftencomparebeautifulgirlstoflowers.becrazyabout對…著迷，癡迷，熱衷于Myfatheriscrazyaboutsoccer.push推----pull拉push…sohard逼得太緊pushsbtodosth逼迫某人去看某事bealwaysdoingsth總是干某事，含厭惡，贊揚，抱怨等感情色彩cause引起，造成，導(dǎo)致Smokingmaycauselungcancer.causesbtodosth導(dǎo)致某人干某事Theaccidentsdidn’tcausehimtochangehismind.inone’sopinion依某人的觀點，依某人之見inmyopinion依我之見Unit5Whatwereyouwhentherainstormcame?

過去進(jìn)行時態(tài)是指過去某一時刻或某一時間內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動作，基本結(jié)構(gòu)是：was/were+doing,常與atthattime,atthistimeyesterday,at9:00yesterdaymorning,when,while.變換句型時，變否定句，在be動詞后加not,變疑問句，be動詞直接提前。過去進(jìn)行時指在過去的某一時刻動作正在進(jìn)行，一般過去時指在過去的某一個時間完成了某一個動作。Shewaswritingaletterthewholenight.她整晚都在寫信（強(qiáng)調(diào)動作正在進(jìn)行，信不一定寫完）Shewrotealetterlastnight.她昨天晚上寫了一封信。（信寫完了）現(xiàn)在分詞需要雙寫的：shopping,swimming,stopping,sitting,hitting,planning,getting,forgetting,beginning,cutting,running,putting,setting,winningwhen&while引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句when后面從句中的動詞既可以是延續(xù)性，又可以是非延續(xù)性（短暫性），如果是延續(xù)性動詞，用進(jìn)行時如果是非延續(xù)性動詞，用一般過去時（大部分是非延續(xù)性動詞，過去式居多）while后面從句的動詞是延續(xù)性動詞，用進(jìn)行時態(tài)。atthetimeof在…的時候atthetimeofrainstorm在暴風(fēng)雨的時候gooff（鬧鐘發(fā)出響聲）Myalarmgoesoffat5:30everyday.wakeup醒來（過去式woke）begintodosth=begindoingsth開始干某事=starttodosth=startdoingsth(beginning)pickupthephone=answerthephone接電話pickup撿起Pleasepickitup.請把它撿起來。pickup開車接某人Myfatherpicksmeupeveryday.四個“也”too:用于句末，逗號隔開IlikeEnglish,too.aswell：句末，不用逗號隔開IlikeEnglishaswell.also:be動詞、助動詞、情態(tài)動詞之后，實意動詞之前IalsolikeEnglish.either:用于句末，否定句Idon’tlikeEnglisheither.Withnolightoutside,itfeltlikemidnight.外面沒有光亮，感覺就像半夜一樣。此句中介詞with表示一種伴隨的狀況，同時還包含著某種因果關(guān)系，表示“因某種狀況的存在而導(dǎo)致……”，因此可譯作“由于；因為”等。Withmyparentsaway,I’mthekingofthehouse.我爸媽不在，我可是家中的“王”Ican'tworkwithallthatnoisegoingon.由于那噪音響著，我無法工作。feellike除了感覺像之外，還有“想要”的意思，feellikedoingsth想要干某事Idon’hearea在這個地區(qū)atfirst起初，一開始atlast最后breakapart使分離diedown逐漸減弱，逐漸消失dieout滅絕Thetigersaredyingout.wood木材不可數(shù)名詞；樹林可數(shù)名詞（woods）