本科畢業(yè)論文基于斯特林熱機(jī)的碟式太陽能熱發(fā)電系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)及分析

本科畢業(yè)論文基于斯特林熱機(jī)的碟式太陽能熱發(fā)電系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)及分析本科畢業(yè)論文基于斯特林熱機(jī)的碟式太陽能熱發(fā)電系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)及分析姓名吳凱希學(xué)院能源與動(dòng)力工程學(xué)院專業(yè)制冷與低溫工程指導(dǎo)教師陳曦教授完成日期2011年5月上海理工大學(xué)全日制本科生畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）承諾書本人鄭重承諾：所呈交的畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）《基于斯特林熱機(jī)的碟式太陽能發(fā)電系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)及分析》是在導(dǎo)師的指導(dǎo)下，嚴(yán)格按照學(xué)校和學(xué)院的有關(guān)規(guī)定由本人獨(dú)立完成。文中所引用的觀點(diǎn)和參考資料均已標(biāo)注并加以注釋。論文研究過程中不存在抄襲他人研究成果和偽造相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)等行為。如若出現(xiàn)任何侵犯他人知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)等問題，本人愿意承擔(dān)相關(guān)法律責(zé)任。承諾人（簽名）：日期：基于斯特林熱機(jī)的碟式太陽能熱發(fā)電系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)及分析摘要在環(huán)境污染和能源形勢(shì)日趨嚴(yán)峻的背景下，開發(fā)太陽能等可再生能源成為人類迫切的需要。與其他種類的太陽能發(fā)電技術(shù)相比，碟式太陽能發(fā)電系統(tǒng)具有布局靈活、應(yīng)用前景非常廣泛、發(fā)電效率高、結(jié)構(gòu)簡單、降低成本潛力及系統(tǒng)優(yōu)化潛力巨大等一系列優(yōu)點(diǎn)，因而成為了人們研究的焦點(diǎn)。本文針對(duì)8kW點(diǎn)聚焦太陽能斯特林發(fā)電系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了設(shè)計(jì)和分析。主要使用了絕熱模型對(duì)斯特林發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)進(jìn)行分析，并考慮了換熱器的熱損失，得到與實(shí)際運(yùn)行性能相近的分析結(jié)果。對(duì)所用的太陽能聚光器進(jìn)行了設(shè)計(jì)，考慮了實(shí)際聚光器在加工過程中精確度引起的反射面與理想旋轉(zhuǎn)拋物面之間存在的偏差即反射面傾斜誤差。并根據(jù)北京地區(qū)的太陽直射量計(jì)算了8kW點(diǎn)聚焦太陽能斯特林系統(tǒng)性能參數(shù)。關(guān)鍵詞：斯特林發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)絕熱模型太陽能聚光器，DESIGNANDANALYSISOFTHEDISH-STIRLINGSOLARPOWERGENERATIONSYSTEMABSTRACTUnderthecircumstanceofenvironmentalpollutionandthedeteriorationofenergycrisis,theexploitationofsolarenergyandotherrenewableenergyhasbecomethehighestpriorityifhumanbeingsexpectasustainabledevelopment.Comparedwiththeothertypesofsolarthermalpowergenerationsystems,theparabolicdishiswell-knownforitsflexiblearrangement,widefutureutilization,highefficiency,simplestructureandthepotentialtolowthecostandoptimizethesystem.Duetotheadvantageslistedabove,parabolicdishsolarthermalpowergenerationsystemisontheradarofmanyresearchers.Inthispaperthedish-Skirlingsolarpowergenerationsystemwasanalyezdindetail.TheadiabaticmodelwasusedtoanalysistheperformanceoftheStirlingengineandtheheatlossinheater,coolerandregeneratorwerecalculatedindetail.Theanalysisresultswereapproximateequaltotherealoperationperformance.Furthermore,adishsolarconcentratorwasdesignedinthispaperandtheactualdishsolarconcentratorerrorwasconsidered，whichistheexistencedeviationthereexistsinnamelycatopterinclineerror.Atlast,theperformanceofan8kWdish-StirlingengineinBeijingareawasevaluated.KEYWORDS:StirlingengineAdiabaticmodelDishsolarconcentrator目錄摘要ABSTRACT第一章緒論...................................................................................................................................1研究背景............................................................................................................................1太陽能發(fā)電技術(shù)的現(xiàn)狀....................................................................................................1太陽能熱發(fā)電技術(shù)............................................................................................................2塔式太陽能熱發(fā)電技術(shù)...........................................................................................2槽式太陽能熱發(fā)電技術(shù)...........................................................................................3碟式太陽能熱發(fā)電技術(shù)...........................................................................................5三種熱發(fā)電技術(shù)的比較...........................................................................................6斯特林發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的研究現(xiàn)狀................................................................................................7國內(nèi)發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀...........................................................................................................7國外發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀...........................................................................................................7本文的目的及主要研究....................................................................................................8第二章斯特林機(jī)熱機(jī)絕熱模型分析及計(jì)算...............................................................................9斯特林熱機(jī)的循環(huán)介紹....................................................................................................9理想的熱力循環(huán).......................................................................................................9斯特林循環(huán)的分析計(jì)算.........................................................................................112.2施密特循環(huán)分析法.........................................................................................................12絕熱模型分析法..............................................................................................................13模型的建立.............................................................................................................14建立方程組.............................................................................................................15解微分方程組的方法.............................................................................................18有熱損失的絕熱模型計(jì)算方法......................................................................................19回?zé)崞鞯臒釗p失計(jì)算.............................................................................................19加熱器和冷卻器中的熱損失.................................................................................212.5本章小結(jié)..........................................................................................................................23第三章：8kW斯特林發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的絕熱模型的設(shè)計(jì)與分析..........................................................24斯特林熱機(jī)的參數(shù)設(shè)計(jì)..................................................................................................24模擬程序的流程圖..........................................................................................................25施密特分析結(jié)果.....................................................................................................26理想絕熱模型的分析結(jié)果.....................................................................................27有熱損失的絕熱模型分析.....................................................................................29本章小結(jié)..........................................................................................................................31第四章碟式太陽能熱發(fā)電系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)和分析.........................................................................32碟式聚光器的性能分析..................................................................................................32聚光器的性能及能量傳遞分析.............................................................................32聚光器誤差分析.....................................................................................................33吸熱器吸收能量分析.............................................................................................35聚光器－吸熱器性能的計(jì)算.................................................................................36太陽直射強(qiáng)度的確定......................................................................................................37聚光器－吸熱器設(shè)備的設(shè)計(jì)..........................................................................................38碟式太陽能斯特林發(fā)電系統(tǒng)的參數(shù)..............................................................................39本章小結(jié)..........................................................................................................................39第五章結(jié)論與展望.....................................................................................................................40結(jié)論..................................................................................................................................40展望..................................................................................................................................40參考文獻(xiàn).......................................................................................................................................41致謝...........................................................................................................................................43上海理工大學(xué)本科畢業(yè)論文圖錄圖太陽能發(fā)電的分類圖1.2塔式太陽能熱發(fā)電系統(tǒng)圖1.3槽式太陽能熱發(fā)電圖1.3槽式太陽能熱發(fā)電圖2.1（a）斯特林循環(huán)p-V圖（b）斯特林循環(huán)T-S圖圖2.2