2022年1月上海市春季高考英語仿真試卷（四）（含答案解析）

2022年1月全國普通高等學(xué)校招生統(tǒng)一考試

上海春考英語仿真模擬試卷（四）I.ListeningComprehensionSectionA（第1-10題，每題1分；第11-20題，每題1.5分；共25分）SectionADirections:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpape/;anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.l.A.Book.B.Men'ssuits.C.BagsD.Women'sshoesl.A.Book.B.Men'ssuits.C.BagsD.Women'sshoes2.A.Thewomancan'tfillouttheformattemomentB.Thewomancan'ttakeavacationnextmonth.C.Thewomanshouldmakearequestfirst,D.Thewomanshouldhavetoldhimearlier.3.A.HeisbusywritingreportB.Hehastodropinonareporter3.A.HeisbusywritingreportB.HehastodropinonareporterC.Heisnowattendingameeting.4.A.Goswimming.C.Buyanewjacket.D.HewillmeetthemanlaterinthemorningB.Climbmountains.C.Heisnowattendingameeting.4.A.Goswimming.C.Buyanewjacket.D.Watchtheweatherforecast..A.Themandidn'texpectthewomantobeagreatwriterB.ThewomanhastakenmanypicturesatthecontestThewomanisanexperiencedphotographer.Themanisextremelyfondoftraveling..A.ItstartedtorainwhenshewasatthebeachB.Theforecastcallsformoreraintomorrow.C.She'dlikethemantogotothebeachwithher.D.Shewon*tgotothebeachtomorrowifitrains..A.Shedisagreeswiththeman..Shedoesn*tenjoylongspeeches..Shedidn'tknownhowlongthespeechwouldbe.D.Shedoesn*thaveastrongopinionaboutthespeaker..A.She'llconsidertheman'sinvitation.B.Shedoesn'thavetimetoworkinagarden.C.Shedoesn*twanttojointhegardeningclub.D.Shewasneverformallyinvitedtojoinachub..A.She*senjoyingthemusic.B.Themusicdoesn'tbotherher.C.ThemusicwillkeepherawakeD.Shewouldpreferadifferentstyleofmustemperaturesrise”可知，珊瑚變白是一個(gè)褪色的過程。故選A。【44題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在2020年初，大堡礁南部也經(jīng)歷了創(chuàng)紀(jì)錄的高溫。A.accustomed習(xí)慣；B.subjected使遭受；C.elevated鼓舞；D.adapted適應(yīng)。根據(jù)“aprocessinwhichcoralsturnwhiteaswatertemperaturesrise-contributedtosleeplossesofBarrierReefin2016and2017.“可知，大堡礁南部經(jīng)歷了倉ll紀(jì)錄的高溫。故選B。[45題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：研究人員認(rèn)為，氣候變化是珊瑚礁受到干擾的主要原因之一。A.drivers驅(qū)動(dòng)因素;B.resources資源；C.consequences結(jié)果；D.aspects方面。根據(jù)“aprocessinwhichcoralsturnwhiteaswatertemperaturesrise-contributedtosleeplossesofBarrierReefin2016and2017.“可知，氣候變化是珊瑚礁受到干擾的驅(qū)動(dòng)因素。故選A?！?6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他們?cè)谝环萋暶髦姓f，沒有時(shí)間可以浪費(fèi)了。A.lose失去；B.engage從事、參與；C.attach貼上;附上；D.launch發(fā)起。根據(jù)“Wemustsharplydecreasegreenhousegasemissionsassoonaspossible丁可知，沒有時(shí)間可以浪費(fèi)了，應(yīng)盡快大幅減少溫室氣體排放。故選A?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管熱浪、干旱和火災(zāi)不斷暴露出美國正受到氣候變化的影響，政府還是拒絕了減少碳排放的呼吁。A.raised提高；B.handled處理;C.received接受；D.resisted抵制。根據(jù)"ResearchersweredisappointedaboutwhattheysawasalackofattentiontothestudyfromgovernmentleadersinAustralia,theworldsbiggestcoralexporter.”可知，因?yàn)檎狈﹃P(guān)注，政府拒絕減少碳排放的呼吁。故選D?！?8題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：大堡礁供養(yǎng)著大量的海洋生物，擁有300到400種珊瑚，橫跨澳大利亞海岸綿延數(shù)千公里。A.supports支持，供養(yǎng)；B.undergoes經(jīng)歷；C.survives生存；D.accommodates適應(yīng)。根據(jù)"hasbetween300and400coralspeciesandstretchesfbrthousandsofkilometersacrosstheAustraliancoast?可知，大堡礁供養(yǎng)著大量的海洋生物。故選A?！?9題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：德隆?波克皮爾說：“你從太空都能看到它。"A.literally真正地；B.alternatively二者擇一地；C.automatically自動(dòng)地；D.particularly尤其。根據(jù)"TheGreatBarrierReef,whichavastarrayofmarinelife,hasbetween300and400coralspeciesandstretchesforthousandsofkilometersacrosstheAustraliancoast."可知，大堡礁橫跨澳大利亞海岸綿延數(shù)千公里，所以能夠真正地從太空看到。故選Ao【50題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他說，世界各地的珊瑚礁為旅游業(yè)貢獻(xiàn)了數(shù)十億美元，為魚類提供棲息地,養(yǎng)活了地球上近1。億人口。A.responsible負(fù)責(zé)的；B.profitable有益的；C.available可利用的；D.sustainable可持續(xù)的。beresponsiblefor對(duì)負(fù)責(zé)。根據(jù)"andprovidehabitatsfbrfishthatfeedclosetoonebillionpeopleontheplanet,hesaid.”可知，珊瑚礁為旅游業(yè)做出數(shù)十億美元的貢獻(xiàn)。故選A。[51題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但他說，人們不應(yīng)該對(duì)珊瑚礁的未來感到絕望，即使他們?cè)诘却澜珙I(lǐng)導(dǎo)人采取更積極的措施來控制氣候變化的影響。A.suspicious可疑的；B.hesitant遲疑的；C.hopeless絕望的；D.careless粗心的。根據(jù)“evenastheywaitfbrworldleaderstotakemorestepstocontroltheeffectsofclimatechange.”可知，波克皮爾教授認(rèn)為人們不應(yīng)該對(duì)珊瑚礁的未來感到絕望。故選C?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但他說，人們不應(yīng)該對(duì)珊瑚礁的未來感到絕望，即使他們?cè)诘却澜珙I(lǐng)導(dǎo)人采取更積極的措施來控制氣候變化的影響。A.exclusive排外的;B.aggressive有進(jìn)取心的;C.oppressive壓抑的；D.excessive過分的。根據(jù)空后“tocontroltheeffectsofclimatechange.”可知,人們?cè)诘却澜珙I(lǐng)導(dǎo)人采取更積極的措施來控制氣候變化的影響。。故選B?！?3題詳解】考查介詞短語辨析。句意：根據(jù)波克皮爾教授和他所在大學(xué)的其他研究人員進(jìn)行的一項(xiàng)研究，例如在地方層面，氮污染可以通過減少化肥和污水徑流來控制，氮污染會(huì)加劇退化。A.forexample例如；B.infact事實(shí)上；C.onthecontrary相反；D.inturn輪流。根據(jù)"nitrogen（氮）pollution一whichfading一canbecontrolledbyreducingfertilizerandsewagerunoff,"可知，這里對(duì)波克皮爾教授和他所在大學(xué)的其他研究人員進(jìn)行研究的舉例。故選A。【54題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：根據(jù)波克皮爾教授和他所在大學(xué)的其他研究人員進(jìn)行的一項(xiàng)研究，例如在地方層面，氮污染可以通過減少化肥和污水徑流來控制，氮污染會(huì)加劇退化。A.strengthens力n強(qiáng);B.weakens削弱；C.worsens惡化；D.exaggerates夸大。根據(jù)"canbecontrolledbyreducingfertilizerandsewagerunoff,“可知，氮污染會(huì)加劇退化。故選C。【55題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:如果我們不繼續(xù)破壞它們，它們就會(huì)恢復(fù)。Ainherit繼承；B.recover恢復(fù);C.grow增長；D.prosper興旺。根據(jù)“"Theotherthingthatweneedtotakeawayisthatcoralreefsareamazingresilient/hesaid.”和“Ifwedon*tcontinuallydamagethem,”可知，珊瑚礁通過復(fù)原能力而自我恢復(fù)。故選BoSectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinfortnationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)IoncehadmyChineseMBAstudentsbrainstormingon"two-hourbusinessplans."Iseparatedthemintosixgroupsandgavethemanexample:arestaurantchain.Themoreoriginaltheirideas,thebetter,Isaid.Finally,fiveofthesixgroupspresentedplansforrestaurantchains.Thesixthproposedacateringservice.ThoughIadmittedthetimelimithadbeendifficult,Iexpressedmydisappointment.Mystudentsweremiddlemanagers,financialanalystsandfinanciersfromstate-ownedenterprisesandglobalcompanies.Theywerewithouttalentoropinions,buttheyhadbeenshapedbyaneducationalsystemthatrarelystressedorrewardedcriticalthinkingorinventiveness.ThesceneIjustdescribedcameindifferentformsduringmytwoyearsteachingattheschool.PaperswereoftencopiedfromtheWebandtheHarvardBusinessReview.Casestudydebateswerewrittenupandjustmemorized.Studentsfrequentlysaidthatcopyingisasuperiorbusinessstrategy,betterthaninventingandcreating.InChina,everyproductyoucanimaginehasbeenmadeandsold.Butsofewwell-developedmarketingandmanagementmindshavebeenraisedthatitwillbealongtimebeforemostpeopleintheworldcannameaChinesebrand.Withthisprobleminmind,partnershipswithinstitutionslikeYaleandMIThavebeenestablished.Andthenthere'sthe"thousandtalentscheme."thisnewgovernmentprogramisintendedtoimprovetechnologicalmodernizationbyattractingtopforeign-trainedscientiststothemainlandwithbigmoney.ButthereareworriesaboutChina'sresearchenvironment.It'shardlyknownforproducingindependentthinkingandopenness,andevenbigsalaryoffersmaynotbeattractiveenoughtoovercomethis.Atlast,forChina,becomingamajorworldcreatorisnotjustaboutsettinguppartnershipwithtopwesternuniversities.Norisitaboutgatheringagroupofwell-educatedpeopleandtellingthemtothinkcreatively.Itsaboutestablishingarichlearningenvironmentforyoungminds.It*snotthatsimple..Whydoesthewriterfeeldisappointedathisstudents?Becausethereisonegrouppresentingacateringservice.Becausethesixgroupsdidnotcooperatewellinthebrainstorm.Becauseallthestudentscopiedacaseforthedifficulttopic.Becausethestudents*ideaswerelackingincreativeness.WhichofthefollowingscenesisNOTconsideredaslackofcreation?PaperswereoftendownloadedfromtheInternet.Studentsoftensaidthatcopyingisapreferablebusinessstrategy.Studentscombineknowledgeandcriticalthoughtstosolveaproblem.Casestudydebateswerewrittenupaswellasrecited.Wecaninferformthepassagethat.Chinacanmakeandsellanyproductallovertheworldfromitsowncreation.highpaymaynotsolvetheproblemofChina*sresearcherationwithinstitutionshasbeensetuptomakeaChinesebrand.thenewgovernmentprogramisaimedatencouragingimagination..Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.LookforanewwayoflearningB.RewardcreativethinkingC.HowtobecomeacreatorD.Establishatechnicalenvironment【答案】56.D57.C58.B59.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者通過自己在一線教育工作的經(jīng)驗(yàn)看出中國的教育制度存在的一些問題，學(xué)生不能獨(dú)立思考問題做作業(yè)去網(wǎng)上或者其他的地方找答案，學(xué)生缺乏創(chuàng)造性，作者指出有了豐富的學(xué)習(xí)環(huán)境，及新的學(xué)習(xí)方法，才能有創(chuàng)造性的研究氛圍。【56題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Theywerewithouttalentoropinions,buttheyhadbeenshapedbyaneducationalsystemthatrarelystressedorrewardedcriticalthinkingorinventiveness.（他們沒有天賦，也沒有觀點(diǎn)，但他們受到了一個(gè)很少強(qiáng)調(diào)或獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)批判性思維或創(chuàng)造性的教育體系的影響）”可知，學(xué)生的觀點(diǎn)缺乏創(chuàng)造力，對(duì)于這一點(diǎn)作者感到失望，故選D?！?7題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Theywerewithouttalentoropinions,buttheyhadbeenshapedbyaneducationalsystemthatrarelystressedorrewardedcriticalthinkingorinventiveness.（他們沒有天賦，也沒有觀點(diǎn)，但他們受到了一個(gè)很少強(qiáng)調(diào)或獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)批判性思維或創(chuàng)造性的教育體系的影響廣可推知，C選項(xiàng)“學(xué)生結(jié)合知識(shí)和批判性思維來解決問題''并非缺乏創(chuàng)意。故選C?！?8題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中"ButthereareworriesaboutChina'sresearchenvironment.Ifshardlyknownforproducingindependentthinkingandopenness,andevenbigsalaryoffersmaynotbeattractiveenoughtoovercomethis.(但也有人擔(dān)心中國的研究環(huán)境。它很難培養(yǎng)獨(dú)立思考和開放的思想，即使高薪也不足以吸引你克服這一點(diǎn))“可推知，高薪可能無法解決中國科研環(huán)境的問題。故選B?！?9題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段"Atlast,fbrChina,becomingamajorworldcreatorisnotjustaboutsettinguppartnershipwithtopwesternuniversities.Norisitaboutgatheringagroupofwell-educatedpeopleandtellingthemtothinkcreatively.It'saboutestablishingarichlearningenvironmentforyoungminds.Itsnotthatsimple4最后，對(duì)中國來說，成為世界主要?jiǎng)?chuàng)造者不僅僅是與西方頂尖大學(xué)建立伙伴關(guān)系。也不是召集一群受過良好教育的人，告訴他們要有創(chuàng)造性地思考。這是關(guān)于為年輕人建立一個(gè)豐富的學(xué)習(xí)環(huán)境。事情沒那么簡(jiǎn)單廣結(jié)合整篇文章指出中國教育出現(xiàn)的問題——學(xué)生無法創(chuàng)造性思維，而這個(gè)問題與中國的社會(huì)環(huán)境相關(guān)的，所以要尋找新的學(xué)習(xí)方式。故A選項(xiàng)“尋找新的學(xué)習(xí)方法”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選A。(B)ThingsyouneedtoknowaboutyourSTRESSrightnowAfter60yearsofresearch,scientistshavedeterminedwhatprovokesstress.There'sevenahandyacronym:NUTS.NisforNovelty:Thisissomethingnewyou*venotexperiencedbefore,likethefirstdayofschooloranewjob.UisforUnpredictability:Whenyoudon'tknowhowsomethingisgoingtotakeshape,asisthecaseduringatriptothedentist.TisforThreattotheEgo:Whenyourcompetenceisthreatened,suchasinfrontofcolleagues.We'reverysensitivetothis.SisforSenseofControl:Whenyoufeelyouhavelittleornocontroloverthesituation,likebeingstuckintraffic.Ifshelpfultoidentifyyoursourcesofstress,becauseaproblemwell-definedisaproblemalmostsolved.Theoppositeofstressisnotrelaxation---it'sresilience.Ifyoutellyourbrainthatyoucandealwiththis,itwillstopproducingthestresshormoneandyouwillcalmdownGetonyourbike!Asvariousbitsofresearchhaveshown,cyclingwillloweryourstresslevels,whetheryou'redoingaquickerrandorcommittingtoalifetimeontwowheels.15MINUTESLATERA2013studyoutofJapanshowedamarkeddropinpeople'sstresslevelsaftertheypedalledforjust15minutesonastationarybike.ANHOURLATERResearchersfoundin2015that,comparedtotheircyclingcolleagues,thosewhodroveortookthesubwaybreathedmoreshallowlyanhourlater---asuresignofstress.18YEARSLATERAfterfollowing17,985adultcommutersfor18years,U.K.researchersdiscoveredin2014thatthosewhowalkedorbikedreportedbeinghappier,moreconfidentandbetterabletofacetheirproblems.Ina2015study,researcherssubjected66teengirlstoastresstest.Someofthemheldtheirmothers1handsduringthetest;othershadtogoitalone.Thegirlswhohadcontactwiththeirmomswereabletomanagestressmoreeffectively.Itswhatpsychologistsrefertoasemotionalloadsharing.Ina2007UCLAstudy,somepatientshospitalizedforheartfailurespent12minuteswithatherapydog,whileanothergroupinteractedwithavolunteer.Thedogcrowdexperiencedgreaterdecreasesintheiranxietylevelcomparedtothosepatientswhosevisitorscouldactuallytalkback.maysufferthemoststressrelatively.Luna,19—shehaswellpreparedforherfirstinternshipwiththehelpofhermother.Tom,29-hisfirstdayofworkstartsat9:00am,buthe*sinatrafficjamat8:50am.Karol,39-shefinallyhadherdecayedtoothpulledoutlastThursdayatthedentists.Jenny,49-hercolleaguesareplanningtogiveherafarewellpartyandshe*sinthedark.Whichchartcanbestillustratetheeffectofcycling?A.D.Whichofthefollowingmaybestsuitthenumberedblanks?A.?Raiseyourhand!②Findavolunteercompanion!A.?Raiseyourhand!B.①Raiseyourhand!②Getafurrycompanion!C①Hugyourfamily!②Getfurrycompanion!D.D.①Hugyourfamily!②Findavolunteercompanion!【答案】60.B61.C62.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了科學(xué)家對(duì)壓力的研究?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“NisforNovelty:Thisissomethingnewyou'venotexperiencedbefore,likethefirstdayofschooloranewjob.（N代表新鮮感：指的是你從未經(jīng)歷過的新鮮事物，比如開學(xué)第一天或開始一份新工作時(shí)）"和第五段"SisforSenseofControl:Whenyoufeelyouhavelittleornocontroloverthesituation,likebeingstuckintraffic.（S是控制感：當(dāng)你覺得自己幾乎無法控制局面時(shí)，比如被堵在路上）”可推斷，B選擇項(xiàng)湯姆第一天去上班卻遇到堵車，所以他的壓力是N+S這兩方面的，因此承受的壓力可能最大，而其他三人承擔(dān)的都是單方面的壓力，故選B?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章Getonyourbike!下的內(nèi)容“A2013studyoutofJapanshowedamarkeddropinpeople'sstresslevelsaftertheypedalledforjust15minutesonastationarybike.（2013年日本的一項(xiàng)研究表明，人們?cè)诠潭ㄗ孕熊嚿向T15分鐘后，壓力水平就顯著下降廠可知，騎自行車人的壓力水平在15分鐘后明顯下降，而非1小時(shí)候明顯下降。所以A圖錯(cuò)誤;根據(jù)“Researchersfoundin2015that,comparedtotheircyclingcolleagues,thosewhodroveortookthesubwaybreathedmoreshallowlyanhourlater---asuresignofstress42015年，研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，與騎自行車的同事相比，開車或乘地鐵的人晚一個(gè)小時(shí)呼吸更淺，這是壓力的明顯跡象廣可知，如果晚點(diǎn)的話，乘地鐵的人要比騎自行車的人的壓力增加得多，所以B圖錯(cuò)誤；根據(jù)"Afterfollowing17,985adultcommutersfbr18years,U.K.researchersdiscoveredin2014thatthosewhowalkedorbikedreportedbeinghappier,moreconfidentandbetterabletofacetheirproblems.（在對(duì)17985名成年通勤者進(jìn)行了18年的跟蹤調(diào)查后，英國研究人員在2014年發(fā)現(xiàn)，走路或騎自行車的人更快樂，更自信，也更能面對(duì)自己的問題）”可推斷，18年后，走路或騎自行車的人壓力壓力更小，而開車的人壓力增加。所以C圖正確，D圖錯(cuò)誤。故選C?！?2題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段“Someofthemheldtheirmothers*handsduringthetest（有些人在考試時(shí)牽著媽媽的手）"和"Thegirlswhohadcontactwiththeirmomswereabletomanagestressmoreeffectively.（與母親有接觸的女孩能夠更有效地管理壓力廣可知，本段介紹與家人親密接觸可以減輕壓力，所以Hugyourfamily!（擁抱你的家人吧!）適合放在①處；根據(jù)文章最后一段“Ina2007UCLAstudy,somepatientshospitalizedforheartfailurespent12minuteswithatherapydog,whileanothergroupinteractedwithavolunteer.Thedogcrowdexperiencedgreaterdecreasesintheiranxietylevelcomparedtothosepatientswhosevisitorscouldactuallytalkback.（在2007年加州大學(xué)洛杉磯分校的一項(xiàng)研究中，一些因心力衰竭住院的患者與治療犬呆了12分鐘，而另一組患者則與志愿者互動(dòng)。與那些來訪者能夠頂嘴的患者相比，有狗陪伴的患者的焦慮水平下降的幅度更大）“可知，寵物的陪伴可以減輕患者的焦慮。所以Getfurrycompanion!（毛茸茸的伴侶!）適合放在②處。故選C。（C）Arewegettingmorestupid?AccordingtoGeraldCrabtree,ascientistatStanfordUniversityintheUS,weare.Youmaynotwanttohearthis,butCrabtreebelievesthathumanintelligencereacheditspeakmorethan2,000yearsagoandeversincethenhasbeengoingdownhill."IfanaverageGreekfrom1,000BCweretransportedtomoderntimes,heorshewouldbeoneofthebrightestamongusJCrabtreetoldTheGuardian.AttheheartofCrabtree'sthinkingisasimpleidea.Inthepast,intelligencewascriticalfbrsurvivalwhenourancestorshadtoavoiddangerousanimalsandhuntforfood.Thedifferenceofbeingsmartorstupidisoftenlifeordeath.However,afterthespreadofagriculture,whenourancestorsbegantoliveindensefarmingcommunities,theneedtokeeptheirintelligenceinpeakconditiongraduallyreduced.Thisisnothardtounderstand.Mostofthetime,pressureiswhatkeepsusgoing-youneedthepressurefromyourteacherstofinishyourhomework;thepressureoflookingprettypromptsyoutoloseweightwhensummercomes.Andthesameisalsotrueofourintelligence-ifwethinkless,webecomelesssmart.Thesemutations（變異）areharmfultoourintelligenceandtheywerealldevelopedinthepast3,000years.TheotherevidencethatCrabtreeholdsisinourgenes.Hefoundthatamongthe2,000to5,000genesthatwehavethatdeterminehumanintelligence,therearetwoormoremutationsineachofus.However,Crabtree'stheoryhasbeencriticizedbysomewhosaythatearlyhumansmayhavebetterhuntingandsurvivingabilities,butpeopletodayhavedevelopedamorediverseintelligence.Forexample,spearingatigerdoesn'tnecessarilyrequiremorebrainpowerthanplayingchessorwritingapoem.Moreover,thepowerofmodemeducationmeansalotmorepeoplehavetheopportunitytolearnnowadays.“Youwouldn'tgetStephenHawking2,000yearsago.Hejustwouldn'texist,“ThomasHillsoftheUniversityofWarwick,UK,toldLiveScience."Butnowwehavepeopleofhisintellectualcapacitydoingthingsandmakinginsightsthatwewouldneverhaveachievedinourenvironmentofevolutionaryadaptation.WhatisCrabtree'srecentfindingaccordingtothearticle?TheGreeksfrom1,000BCcouldhavebeenthesmartestinhumanhistory.Ourancientancestorshadnobettersurvivingabilitiesthanwedonowadays.Mutationsingenesthatdecidehumanintelligencehaveaffectedthedevelopmentofintelligence.Humanshavebeengettingsteadilymoreintelligentsincetheinventionoffarming.AccordingtoCrabtree,ancienthumans.hadmuchmoregenesthatdeterminehumanintelligencewereforcedtobesmartduetonaturalselectionpressuresreliedmoreongroupintelligencethanindividualintelligencedevelopedadiverseintelligencetoadapttotheharshrealitiesSomearguethatCrabtree'stheoryisfalsebecausetheythink.peopletodayareundermuchmorepressurethanearlyhumansit'sridiculoustocompareahunter'sandapoefsintelligencemoderneducationisfarmoreadvancedthanancienteducationhumanintelligencenowadaysisdifferentfromthatofthedistantpastWhatisThomasHills'attitudetowardCrabtree9stheory?A.SupportiveB.UnfavorableC.WorriedD.Confused.【答案】63.C64.B65.D66.B【解析】試題分析：考點(diǎn)：考查社會(huì)現(xiàn)象類閱讀。文章介紹了Crabtree最近的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，現(xiàn)在的人類沒有以前聰明了，因?yàn)闆Q定人們基因的變異影響了智力的發(fā)展。但是這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)引起了爭(zhēng)論。C；細(xì)節(jié)推理題。根據(jù)第五段：推理題：從第五段的句子：Thesemutations（變異）areharmfultoourintelligenceandtheywerealldevelopedinthepast3,000years.TheotherevidencethatCrabtreeholdsisinourgenes.Hefoundthatamongthe2,000to5,000genesthatwehavethatdeterminehumanintelligence,therearetwoormoremutationsineachofus.可知Crabtree最近的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，決定人們基因的變異影響了智力的發(fā)展。故選CB；細(xì)節(jié)推理題。根據(jù)第三段：Inthepast,intelligencewascriticalforsurvivalwhenourancestorshadtoavoiddangerousanimalsandhuntforfood.Thedifferenceofbeingsmartorstupidisoftenlifeordeath.可知Crabtree古代的人是因?yàn)樽匀贿x擇的壓力被迫聰明，故選BD；細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段：However,Crabtree'stheoryhasbeencriticizedbysomewhosaythatearlyhumansmayhavebetterhunti10.A.Fewreadersagreewithhisideas.B.Veryfewpeoplehavereadhisarticle.C.Hedoesn'texpectthearticletobepublished.D.Thewomandoesn'tfullyunderstandthearticle.SectionBDirections:InSectionB.youwillheartvvoshortpassagesseveralandonelongerconversation,andyouwillbeaskedseveralquestionsoneachofthem.Thepassagesandtheconversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage..A.Problemsforactors.B.Embarrassedactors.C.Avoidingeatinginfilms.D.Unexpectedfilmscenes.A.Theymaybeaskedtoeaterdrinkwitchildrenoranimalsonstage.Childrenoranimalsmaydrawtheattentionoftheaudience.TheyfindsomechildrencannotsaywordsclearlyenoughD.Animalsaresometimesnoteasytodealwith..A.Heforgotwhotoserve.B.Hesaidthewrongword8.C.Hecutoffawholechickenleg.D.Heslippedthetrayontothefoor.Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingpassage..A.AEuropeantradition.B.Anartmuseum.C.Acoastalvillage.D.Anartsfestival.A.Somemoney.B.Theirownpaintings.C.Avisittotheirhomes.D.Achancetopaintwiththem..A.TherearepaintingsathomeandsculpturesinthesquareB.AntoniPrestisetuphisownartgalleryseveralyearsago.Almosteveryfamilyownssomepaintingsbyfamousartists.Theresidentsthereraisedmoneytobuildtheirdomesticmuseum.Questions17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.17.A.ShewaslongdreamingofgoingtoAfrica.B.Shedidn'tlikeworkingasatravelagentngandsurvivingabilities,butpeopletodayhavedevelopedamorediverseintelligence.可矢口現(xiàn)在人們的智力和遙遠(yuǎn)的過去是不一樣的，故選DB；主旨大意題。本文最后一段：ThomasHillsoftheUniversityofWarwick,UK,toldLiveScience."Butnowwehavepeopleofhisintellectualcapacitydoingthingsandmakinginsights（洞察力）thatwewouldneverhaveachievedinourenvironmentofevolutionaryadaptation「可知ThomasHills對(duì)Crabtree的理論的態(tài)度是不支持的，故選BSectionCDirections:Readthefollowingpassages.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.Addashortbutdescriptivesubjectline.Havingotherswaitingforyoure-mailshurtstheirenthusiasmforwork.Itcouldgetyouabadreputationasbeingindiscreet.Peoplefindlonge-mailstiresomeandenergy-consuming.Rushede-mailsthatviolatethebasicnormsofwrittenlanguagebespeakcarelessness.Sendingoute-mailsafterworkinghourcouldbeseenasbeingimpolite.Yourclientsandcolleaguesdon'thavetimetoengagefullywitheverye-mailtheyget.Someofthemreceivehundredsofmessagesperday.That'swhytheystartwiththeonestheycandealwithquickly.Theymaynevergetaroundtoanswering-orevenreading-therest.Sohowdoyouearntheirattention?Trythesetips:Sticktostandardcapitalizationandpunctuation.Conventionsofgoodwritingmayseemlikeawasteoftimefore-mail,especiallywhenyou'retappingoutmessagesonahandhelddevice.Butit'samatterofgettingthingsright—thelittlethings.Evenifpeopleinyourgroupdon'tcapitalizeorpunctuateintheirmessages,standoutassomeonewhodoes.67Andtheirabbreviatedstylecanbeconfusing.Ittakeslesstimetowriteaclearmessagethefirsttimearoundthanitdoestofollowuptoexplainwhatyoumeanttosay.Bebrief-butnottoobrief.68Themoretheyhavetoscrollorswipe,thelessreceptivethey'llbetoyourmessage.They'llprobablyjustskimitandmissimportantdetails——orskipitaltogether.Sorarelycomposemorethanasinglescreenofreading.Focusyourcontent,andtightenyourlanguage.Butasyou'retrimmingthefatfromyourmessage,keepthemeatintact.Whengivingaprojectupdate,forexample,supplyenoughbackgroundinformationtoorientyourreaders.Consideryourmessagefromtheirperspective.Theyaren'tasimmersedinyourprojectasyouare,andtheyprobablyhavemanyotherthingsgoingon.Soremindthemwherethingsstoodwhenyoulastsentanupdate,anddescribewhat'shappenedsincethen.69Beforehitting“SendJcheckyoursubjectline.Ifit'sgenericorblank,yourmessagewillgetlostinyourrecipient'soverstuffedinbox.Areyouaskingsomeonetotakeaction?Highlightthatinthesubjectline.Makeyourrequesteasytofind-andfulfill.Copypeoplejudiciously.Includeonlythosewhowillimmediatelygraspwhythey'reonthethread;don'tautomaticallyclickon“ReplyYourcorrespondentmayhavebeenoverinclusivewiththe“Copy”list,andifyourepeatthatmistake,you'llcontinuetoannoytherecipientswhoshouldn'tbethere.70【答案】67.E68.D69.A70.C【分析】.根據(jù)后文confusing等，可以判斷出在講解負(fù)面的內(nèi)容，所以選E.根據(jù)段首說明要brief,所以后面肯定在講解原因，所以填寫D.后文講解到了subjectline,所以選擇A.前文在講解repeatthatmistake的危害，所以選擇CIV.SummaryWriting（10分）Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint（s）ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.Areyourchildrengettingonyourlastnerve?Didacoworker9scommentrubyouthewrongway?There'snoneedtoplugthesteamcomingoutofyourears.Infact,sciencenowgivesyoufullpermissiontoreleasethoseemotions;youmightactuallybehappierforit,Tfthatseemscounter-intuitive（違反直覺的），hearusout,Anewstudysuggeststhatpeopletendtobehappieriftheycanfeelandexpressemotionsastheywant.Thatgoesforunpleasantemotionslikeangerandhatred,too.Aninternationalteamofresearchersrecruited2,300universitystudentsfromtheUnitedStates,Brazil,China,Germany,Ghana,Israel,Poland,andSingapore.Theythenaskedtheparticipantstotellthemwhichemotionstheydesiredandwhichonestheyactuallyfelt,andthencomparedthoseresponsestohowtheparticipantsratedtheiroverallhappinessorlifesatisfaction.Theresultsshowedaninterestingtrend.Whileparticipantswantedtoexperiencemorepleasantemotions,theyreportedhigherlifesatisfactioniftheemotionstheyexperiencedmatchedthosetheydesired.Moresuiprisingstill,11percentofpeoplewantedtofeellessofpositiveemotions,suchasloveandempathy,and10percentofpeoplewantedtofeelmorenegativeemotions,suchashatredandanger.Atfirstglance,theseresultsmightseemconfusing.Butthere'sasimpleexplanation,accordingtothestudy'sauthors.Happinessis“morethansimplyfeelingpleasureandavoidingpain,“theywrite.Itisalsolearningtoreleasenegativeemotionswhenyoufeelthem,insteadofignoringthemorbottlingthemup.“Ifyoufeelemotionsyouwanttofeel,evenifthey'reunpleasant,thenyou,rebetteroff/'leadresearcherDrMayaTamirfromTheHebrewUniversityofJerusalemtoldtheBBCNewswebsite.【參考答案】Astudyindicatespeoplewillbehappieriftheyexpressemotionsdirectly.Ateamofresearchersinvitedstudentsfromdifferentcountriestoproveit.Ifstudents5experience,whateverpositiveornegativefeelings,matchesthefeelingstheydesire,theyfeelhappier,sincehappinessisnotonlyfeelinghappybutalsolearningtoreleasenegativeemotions.Sofeelallyouremotions.(59words)Astudyshowspeoplearehappieriftheirdesiredemotionsincludingnegativeonesareexpressed.Researchsubjectsrecordedtheirdesiredandfeltemotionstocomparewithoverallhappiness.Thosewhosefeelingsmatchedtheirdesiredonesscoredhighinhappiness.Hence,happinessisn'tjustfeelingpositiveemotions.Expressingnegativeemotionsratherthanhidingthemalsoenhancesthefeelingofhappiness.(60words)【解析】【詳解】1要點(diǎn)摘錄①Anewstudysuggeststhatpeopletendtobehappieriftheycanfee