高中英語概要寫作要點之刪除細(xì)節(jié)以及描述性語言

高中英語概要寫作要點之刪除細(xì)節(jié)以及描述性語言一：刪除細(xì)節(jié)在概要寫作中,我們首先要學(xué)會辨別哪些是概括性語言,哪些是細(xì)節(jié)性語言。能恰當(dāng)?shù)貏h除細(xì)節(jié)、刪除具體例子更容易把握主旨大意。那么,細(xì)節(jié)主要包括哪些方面呢?通常情況下,具體的描述性語言、事例、數(shù)據(jù)、論據(jù)、重復(fù)強調(diào)的觀點,往往都是細(xì)節(jié)。在概括主旨時,往往都要考慮刪除。二：刪除描繪性語言案例1①Scientistshavelongassumedthatwillpowerisalimitedresource,whichiswhyyoufeeltheneedtohavearest,haveasnackandthengetbacktotaskwhenyouarefeelingbetter.②Theyarguethattheonlywayyourbodyrestoreswillpowerisbyrest,foodorentertainment.詳細(xì)解析:本段第一句表示長期以來,科學(xué)家們一直認(rèn)為意志力是一種有限的資源,這就是為什么你覺得有必要休息一下,吃點東西,然后當(dāng)你感覺好些時再繼續(xù)工作。第二句表示身體恢復(fù)意志力的唯一方式是休息、進(jìn)食或者娛樂。本段主旨需要刪除細(xì)節(jié),并將兩句話進(jìn)行概括。自我概括:

參考表達(dá):Willpower,assumedtobealimitedresource,isthoughttoberegainedbyrest,food,aswellasentertainment.簡要解析:第一句刪除描述性的語言“whichiswhyyoufeeltheneedtohavearest,haveasnackandthengetbacktotaskwhenyouarefeelingbetter”,用willpower作主語,刪除重復(fù)的內(nèi)容,運用同位語及被動語態(tài)的手法,有效地將兩個句子連接起來,使得其邏輯意思更為連貫與簡潔。案例2①Theresearchersdesignedfourexperimentstoteststudents’beliefinwillpower.②Afteratiringtask,thosewhobelieved,orwereledtobelievethatwillpowerisalimitedresource,performedworseonstandardconcentrationteststhanthosewhothoughtofwillpowerassomethingtheyhadmorecontrolover.③Theyalsofoundthatduringthefinalexamweek,studentswhobelievedinthelimitedresourcetheoryatejunkfood24percentmoreoftenthanthosewhobelievedtheyhadmorecontroloverwillpower.④Mr.Jobsaid,“Thetheorythatwillpowerisalimitedresourceisinteresting.Beliefinwillpowerasanon-limitedresourcemakespeoplestrongerintheirabilitytoworkthroughchallenges.”詳細(xì)解析:段落第一句表示研究人員設(shè)計了四個實驗來測試學(xué)生對意志力的信念。第二、三句話對實驗結(jié)果進(jìn)行了具體描述。第四句話表示相信意志力是一種無限的資源,這讓人們更有能力應(yīng)對挑戰(zhàn)。前三句話是對實驗的描述,最后一句是結(jié)論,是主題句。自我概括:

參考表達(dá):Researchersdiscoveredthatifyoubelievewillpowerislimitless,youwillbemorepowerful.簡要解析:提煉重要信息,刪除文中第二、三句話對實驗結(jié)果進(jìn)行的具體描述,用if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句對文章最后的結(jié)論進(jìn)行高度概括與壓縮,簡潔明了。三：課后練習(xí)閱讀下面短文,根據(jù)其內(nèi)容寫一篇60詞左右的內(nèi)容概要。Hostfamilyaccommodation,orlivingwithhostfamilies,remainspopularamonglanguagetravelstudentsforitsuniqueadvantages.Thesedays,hostfamiliesaretryingtooffermoreintermsofquality,fortheyhavesomethingtoworryabout.Hostfamilyaccommodationisoftenseenasthenumber－onechoiceforitsadvantagesinlanguagestudy,culturalcommunicationandthecostofliving.Stayingalongsidehostfamiliesenablesstudentstogetenoughpracticeforthetimeoftheirstudyingsothattheycanlearnthelocallanguageveryquickly.Youdon’tknowalotofwordsandtheirrealmeaningsuntilyouusethemwithlocalpeople.Livinginhostfamiliesalsohastheadvantageforstudentsofbeingabletospendalotoftimecommunicatingwiththeir“hostparents”，andgettoknowthelocalwayoflife,peopleandculture.Anotheradvantageisthathostfamilyaccommodationcansometimesbetheleastexpensive.Itattractsstudents，foritensuresthemafamilyoflivingatalowcost.Theadvantages，however，havenotpreventedhostfamiliesfromworrying.Ontheonehand，somehostfamiliesarelosingtheiruniquesellingpoint.Theproblemisthatthemajorityofhostsinbigcities，nowgenerallysingleandyoung，havelesstimeavailableforstudents，butthesellingpointforhostfamilyaccommodationiscommunicationpractice.Ontheotherhand，students’expectationshaverisen.Theyarebecomingmoredemandingandaskingformorethaneverfromtheiraccommodation，astheycomemainlyfromhighsocio－economicgroupsintheirowncountries.Togetoutofthedifficultsituation,hostfamiliesarenowmakingeffortstoimprovethequalityofservice.Theyaretryingtomakelivingconditionsbetter,includingbroadbandInternetservice,privatebathrooms,andaccesstoplentyofhotwaterforlongshowers.Theyarealsoprovidingtostudentswithstructuredfamilyactivities.Itisbelievedthathostfamilyaccommodationwillkeepthepopularityforlanguagetravelstudents.閱讀下面短文,根據(jù)其內(nèi)容寫一篇60詞左右的內(nèi)容概要。Shynessispartlyaresultofgenesapersonhasinherited(經(jīng)遺傳得到)．It’salsoinfluencedbybehaviorsthey’velearned,thewayspeoplehavereactedtotheirshyness,andlifeexperiencesthey’vehad.Theexamplesotherpeoplesetcanalsoplayaroleinwhetherapersonlearnstobeshyornot.Iftheparentsofashychildareoverlycautiousoroverprotective,itcanteachthechildtobackawayfromsituationsthatmightbeuncomfortableorunfamiliar.Manypeoplewanttoreducetheirshyness.Butpeoplewhoarenaturallyshyalsohavegiftsthattheymightnotappreciateinthemselves.Forexample,becauseshypeoplemaypreferlisteningtotalking,theysometimesbecomereallygoodlisteners.Peoplewhoareshymightalsobecomesensitivetootherpeople’sfeelingsandemotions.Becauseoftheirsensitivityandlisteningskills，manypeoplewithashypersonalityareespeciallycaringtowardothers，andinterestedinhowothersfeel.Peopleoftenconsiderthemthefinestfriends.Overcomingshynesstakespractice.Peoplewhoareshytendtogivethemselvesfewerchancestopracticesocialbehaviors.It’snowonderthatpeoplewhoshyawayfromsocializingdon’tfeelassociallyconfidentaspeoplewhoareoutgoing—theyhavelesspractice！Themoreyoupracticesocialbehaviors，theeasiertheyget，andthemorenaturaltheyfeelforyou.Takeslow,steadystepsforward.GoingslowisOK.Butbesuretogoforward.Steppingbackfromanysituationsthatmighttriggeryoutofeelshycanreinforceshynessandkeepitatalevelthat’shardtogetpast.Buildconfidencebytakingonesmallforwardstepatatime.Also,it’sOKtofeelawkward.Everyonedoessometimes.Peoplewhoareshyareoftenafraidtofeelawkwardoruncomfortable.Butdon’tletthatkeepyoufromdoingwhatyouwant.Youmightfeelawkwardaskingyourfriendsforhelp.That’sperfectlynatural.Whetheryourfriendsays“yes”or“no”isoutofyourcontrol.Butnotaskingatallmeansyou’llnevergetthehelp.Sogoforitanyway!參考答案：Hostfamilyaccommodationattractslanguagetravelstudents,buthostfamilieshavesomethingtoworryabout.(要點1)Hostfamilyaccommodationenabl