二輪復(fù)習(xí)英語練酷版練習(xí)：專題五 習(xí)題講評 課二

眼皮蹦跳跳專業(yè)文檔眼皮蹦跳跳專業(yè)文檔眼皮蹦跳跳專業(yè)文檔短文改錯4步曲——再看句法典題感埠人么考?怎么解技法一明確定語從句類型，關(guān)系詞要分清技法一明確定語從句類型，關(guān)系詞要分清（一）確定先行詞人或物，辨別關(guān)系詞成分（2018?全國卷I）Theyalsohadasmallpondwhichtheyraisedfish.解析:whichfwhere或which前加in本句是含有定語從句的復(fù)合句，先行詞是pond，引導(dǎo)詞在定語從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語，用關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)，相當(dāng)于inwhich，故which改為where或在其前加ino（2017?全國卷III）Aroundmeinthepicturearethethingstheywereveryimportantinmylifeatthattime:carmagazinesandmusicalinstruments.解析：theyfthat/which分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，thethings是先行詞，其后是定語從句,從句缺少主語，指物，故引導(dǎo)詞應(yīng)用that或whicho（2016?四川高考）ThedisheswhatIcookedwereMom'sfavorite.解析：whatfthat/which或去掉what先行詞為Thedishes，且定語從句中cooked后缺少賓語，故應(yīng)用that或which引導(dǎo)定語從句，因其在從句中作賓語，也可省略關(guān)系代詞。（2018?陜西西安八校聯(lián)考）Iama25-year-oldyoungmanwhichgraduatedfromtheForeignLanguagesDepartmentofJilinUniversity.解析：whichfwho/that本句中含有定語從句，先行詞為man，指人，且在從句中作主語，應(yīng)用who或that引導(dǎo)。Therearemanypeoplethinkthatwealthisbetterthanhealth.解析：think前加who或thinkfthinking分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，people后為定語從句，先行詞為manypeople,故用who引導(dǎo)該定語從句；因manypeople和think之間是主謂關(guān)系，也可以用現(xiàn)在分詞thinking作manypeople的后置定語。（2018?湖北武漢高三調(diào)考）Atnoon,weplayRoomEscape,aninterestinggamewhatchallengedourIQandteamwork.解析：whatfthat/which此定語從句中先行詞是game，引導(dǎo)詞代替先行詞并在句中作主語，故用that或whicho7．Hethankedmeandjumpedquicklyinhiscaranddroveoff,keepingthedisabledparkingspacefreeforsomeoneneededit.解析：someone后加whosomeone后的部分為定語從句，修飾someone，指人，應(yīng)用who引導(dǎo)定語從句，在從句中作主語。（2018?吉林省吉大附中模擬）FromthisexperienceIhavelearntthatquestioningcanserveasabridgehelpsustoseekthetruth.解析：bridge后加that/which分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，本句主語為I,謂語為havelearnt,that引導(dǎo)賓語從句，作learnt的賓語，canserve為賓語從句的謂語，與helps之間無連詞連接，由此可判斷，bridge后為定語從句，先行詞為bridge，指物，在從句中作主語，故用that或which引導(dǎo)該從句。（二）搞清限制與非限制（2017?全國卷H）Intheirsparetime,theyareinterestedinplantingvegetablesintheirgarden,thatisontherooftopoftheirhouse.解析：that/which分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處為非限制性定語從句，引導(dǎo)詞在從句中作主語，指代theirgarden，應(yīng)用which。Havingteainthelateafternoonprovidesabridgebetweenlunchanddinner,thatmightnotbeserveduntil8o'clockatnight解析：that/whichthat不能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，在從句中作主語應(yīng)用which。Thiswomanhassetagoodexampletoherson,whomisareallyluckyguy.解析：whom/who分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，逗號后為非限制性定語從句，先行詞為herson,關(guān)系代詞在從句中作主語，故用who。Oneday,Margarettoldmehergrandmawascomingandherparentswouldwantmybasementroomback,whatdidn'tsurpriseme.解析：what—which分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，應(yīng)用which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，指代前面整句話的內(nèi)容，且在從句中作主語。AltogetherIhadfiveroommates,twoofwhicharrivedlater.解析：which—whom分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，應(yīng)用whom引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，在從句中作介詞of的賓語，修飾先行詞fiveroommates。（2018?江西五校第一次聯(lián)考）Aboveall,theyhostedanAmericanstudentlastyear,throughthattheygainedlotsofexperience.解析：that—which在定語從句中，介詞后跟關(guān)系代詞which/whom。結(jié)合語境可知，關(guān)系詞表示前面整件事，故將that改為whicho（2018?湖北八校第一次聯(lián)考）Finally,itisnecessaryforustodosomehousework,thatcanhelpourparentsalot.解析：that—which分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，housework后的句子為非限制性定語從句，關(guān)系詞指代主句的內(nèi)容，且在從句中作主語，故用which引導(dǎo)該定語從句。技法二明確名詞性從句類型，句子成分要對應(yīng)1?（2016?全國卷［）MyuncleistheownerofarestaurantclosetothatIlive.解析：that—wherecloseto后接賓語從句，Ilive缺少地點(diǎn)狀語，故用where引導(dǎo)賓語從句。（2016?全國卷n）MyclassmatesandIaretalkingabouthowtododuringtheholiday.解析：how—what分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，talkingabout后為“特殊疑問詞＋動詞不定式”的結(jié)構(gòu)作賓語，且從句中的do后缺賓語，故應(yīng)用連接代詞what作動詞do的賓語。（2015?全國卷n）Afterlookingatthetoyforsometime,heturnedaroundandfoundwherehisparentsweremissing.解析：where—that或去掉wherefound后是一個賓語從句，在從句hisparentsweremissing中不缺成分且意思完整，故用that引導(dǎo)，that也可省略。Ithinkthatacceptingfailureisthatweneedtodofirstbeforewesucceedeventually.解析：第二個that—what分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處為表語從句，從句中缺少賓語，故將that改為what。that引導(dǎo)表語從句時，只起連接作用，在從句中不作任何成分。（2018?廣西桂林百色模擬）LookingbackonwhichI'vedonewillgivemesomeideasofhowtorearrangemytime.解析：which—what句意：回顧我所做的事情會讓我知道如何重新安排我的時間。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，on后為賓語從句，連接詞既引導(dǎo)賓語從句，也作賓語從句中done的賓語，故用what引導(dǎo)該賓語從句。（2018?湖南長郡中學(xué)模擬）Buttheycouldn'tunderstandwhatshesaid.Iwenttothewomanandaskedherthatwashappening.解析：that—what分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，thatwashappening是賓語從句，連接詞在從句中作主語，故將that改為what。技法三狀語從句結(jié)構(gòu)長，意思、邏輯要思量（2018?全國卷n）ThegamesmyparentstaughtmewhereIwasachildturnedouttobeveryusefullaterinmylife.解析：where—when根據(jù)語境可知，父母是在我小時候教我玩紙牌的，Iwasachild表示的是時間而非地點(diǎn)，所以此處應(yīng)用when引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句。（2016?全國卷［）MyuncleistheownerofarestaurantclosetowhereIlive.Thoughnotverybig,buttherestaurantispopularinourarea.解析：去掉butthough不能和but連用，though引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句是一個省略句，不能再省略，故去掉but。（2016?全國卷III）Atlast,Iwillbeonmyown,butIstillwanttohavemyparentstoturntowheneverneedhelp解析：whenever后加I句意：最終，我還是會一個人，但我仍然想在我需要幫助的任何時候有父母可以求助。分析句子成分可知，whenever引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，而從句缺少主語，故加I作從句的主語。（2015?浙江高考）IfIwasonlyachildwhenIstudiedinthatclassroom,Iwillneverforgetit.解析：IffAlthough/Though句意：雖然我在那個教室學(xué)習(xí)時還是個孩子，但是我永遠(yuǎn)都忘不了它。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，前面從句表示對主句的讓步，并不存在條件關(guān)系。Oneday,IwasskiingdownamountainwhileIsawagirlagedabout15whohadfallen.解析：whilefwhenbedoingsth?when???意為“正在做某事，突然"。故將while改為when。Ithappenssuchoftenthatweenduptakingourparentsforgranted.解析：suchfso在so/such...that???句型中，so修飾形容詞或副詞，such修飾名詞。此處修飾副詞，故用so。Inmyopinion,youshouldcomebackbeforeyoufinishyourstudyabroad.解析：beforefafter根據(jù)語境可知，在你完成了國外的學(xué)習(xí)之后，你應(yīng)該回來。此處應(yīng)用連詞after表示“在……之后”。Timepassesquickly,doesn'tit?ItisthreeyearswhenIbecameahighschoolstudent.解析：whenfsince“itis+時間段+since+過去時"為固定句型，意為"做某事多久了”，故用since引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句。Youwillhavetoattendthemeetingifyourefreeorbusy.解析：iffwhether引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，表示“是否”之意，且與or連用時，應(yīng)用whether。（2018?洛陽市第一次統(tǒng)考）IhavebeenwritingfromIwasnineyearsold.解析：fromfsince此處表示從9歲開始“我”就一直寫作。since意為“自……以來”，用來引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句。技法四虛擬語氣、主謂一致和強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，標(biāo)志和意思要兼顧1.（2018?全國卷III）Theclassroomisaplaceforlearningandthatincludelearningfromtextbooks,andmistakesaswell.解析：includefincludes考查主謂一致。該句為一般現(xiàn)在時，that指代learning，謂語動詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式。（2016?全國卷n）Someclassmatessuggestwecangotoplacesofinterestnearby解析:can?should或去掉can句意：有些同學(xué)建議我們?nèi)ジ浇拿麆?。suggest作“建議”講，后面的賓語從句應(yīng)該用虛擬語氣，從句謂語的形式是“should+動詞原形”，should可以省略，但不能換成其他的情態(tài)動詞。（2016?6月浙江高考）Hewouldaskwhowewasandpretendnottoknowus.解析：was^were句意：他會問我們是誰，并且假裝不認(rèn)識我們。ask后的賓語從句的主語是we,所以謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)，因為主句用了wouldask，所以謂語動詞用過去時，故把was改為were。（2015?四川高考）WhatdoyouthinkIshoulddo?Ifyouareme,wouldyoutalktothem?解析：arefwere根據(jù)語境可知，此處if引導(dǎo)的虛擬條件句是對現(xiàn)在事實(shí)的假設(shè)，條件狀語從句中的謂語動詞應(yīng)用過去式。（2018?福建福州十三中期中考試）Aboutonethousandgraduatestookexamsforit,butonlyafewwaschosenandIwasoneofthem.解析：第一個was?were根據(jù)主語onlyafew可知，謂語動詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。（2018?廣州調(diào)研）Reasonsforwantingasummerjobdiffersfromstudenttostudent」解析：differs^differ該句主語為Reasons，為復(fù)數(shù)形式，故謂語動詞也應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。7．Afewminuteslater,ourhousefelldown.Imanagedtoclimbout,butmuchtomyshock,oneofmyboysweremissing.解析：were?was"oneof+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)”意為“之一”，作主語時謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。8．Allofuslistenedattentivelyandansweredquestionscorrectly.Thesmileonherfacesuggestedthatshebesatisfiedwithourperformance.解析：be?was這里的suggest不表示"建議”，而是表示"顯示，表明"，故后面的賓語從句不用虛擬語氣，而應(yīng)用陳述語氣。（2018?豫北名校質(zhì)量評估）ShedemandedthatIdidsomethingelsewiththatmoney—解析：did?dodemand"要求”后的賓語從句要用虛擬語氣，即從句中的謂語動詞使用"（should+）do”的形式，其中should可以省略。故把did改為do。（2018?惠州第二次調(diào)研）Itisnotonlytheinspiringstorybutalsothewarmthfromtheuniversitywhichattractsthepublic'sattention.解析：which?that句意：正是他鼓舞人心的經(jīng)歷和來自這所大學(xué)的溫暖吸引了公眾的注意。本句為強(qiáng)調(diào)句型"Itbe+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that/who???”，故把which改為that。~~1.重點(diǎn)關(guān)注定語從句?？键c(diǎn)(1)定語從句中關(guān)系代詞(副詞)的選擇取決于句子缺少何種成分和意義是否完整；that不能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句；非限制性定語從句指物用which；which在引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句時，可代表主句內(nèi)容；where在定語從句中充當(dāng)(抽象)地點(diǎn)狀語；why在定語從句中作原因狀語，when在定語從句中作時間狀語。悟“一個中心、兩個基本點(diǎn)”，解名詞性從句“一個中心”：從句的類型若從句是陳述句，則用that引導(dǎo)；若從句是一般疑問句，則用whether/if引導(dǎo)；若從句是特殊疑問句，則用what,who,which,whose,whom,how,when,where,why等引導(dǎo)?！皟蓚€基本點(diǎn)”根據(jù)從句的位置，確定從句的類型；掌握名詞性從句引導(dǎo)詞在用法上的區(qū)別，尤其是that,what,which在用法上的區(qū)別。明晰連詞功能，確定答案不用懷疑如how是副詞，作狀語；what是代詞，可作主語和賓語。虛擬語氣注意意義在虛擬語氣中，關(guān)鍵詞的意義和“句意”是判斷是否為虛擬語氣的重點(diǎn)，解決此類問題要重點(diǎn)考慮時間、主從句結(jié)構(gòu)兩個方面。suggest表示"建議”，insist表示"堅持認(rèn)為”的時候用虛擬語氣，從句用“(should＋)動詞原形”構(gòu)成，should可以省略。if后的句子是不真實(shí)的假設(shè)，用虛擬語氣，與現(xiàn)在相反用一般過去時，與過去相反用過去完成時；否則，要遵循“主將從現(xiàn)”的原則。關(guān)注特殊句式的易錯點(diǎn)主謂搭配是否一致、Therebe結(jié)構(gòu)的含義及be動詞的選擇、倒裝句中助動詞的選擇和時態(tài)的運(yùn)用、強(qiáng)調(diào)句式的運(yùn)用、省略句中動詞形式的運(yùn)用以及祈使句中句首為動詞原形，后半句往往用將來時等需考生重點(diǎn)關(guān)注。刷題集譏%準(zhǔn)度?提速度單句對點(diǎn)練一一練明考點(diǎn)1.（2018?日照聯(lián)考）Iknowyoutakegoodpicturesandyou'vealwayswantedtodosomethingwhatinterestsyou.解析：what^that分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，something后的句子為定語從句，先行詞為something，故只能用that引導(dǎo)該定語從句，that作從句的主語。2．Asisknowntoall,aharmoniousdormitorylifeisimportanttocollegestudentsandbenefitallthemembers.解析：benefitfbenefits本句的主語是“aharmoniousdormitorylife”，為第三人稱單數(shù)，故用benefits。（2018?合肥市第一次質(zhì)量檢測）ItwasinahotsummerholidaywhichIvisitedQingdaoportcityinShandongProvince.解析：whichfthat分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，該句使用了強(qiáng)調(diào)句結(jié)構(gòu)“Itis/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that/who+句子的其他成分”;該句被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分是時間狀語“inahotsummerholiday”，故此處用that。Tomorrowwe'regoingtovisitapalaceinGranada.We'reenjoyingitverymuchthatwedon'twanttoleavethisamazingplace.解析：veryfsoso???that???“如此以至于”為固定搭配，引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句。（2018?長沙名校第二階段診斷）Sojustdroppingyourworkandcellphonestoenjoythepleasureofcompany,解析：dropping—drop分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，本句是祈使句，故用動詞原形。（2018?福州八縣市一中聯(lián)考）Itisstronglysuggestedthatoursparetimeismadefulluseoftoreadasmuchaspossible?解析：第二個is—besuggest表示“建議”，后接賓語從句時，該從句應(yīng)用虛擬語氣，從句的謂語動詞用“（should+）do”。故用動詞原形be。TodaytheworldispayingmuchmoreattentiontothatChinasaysanddoes?解析：that—what句中to為介詞，故后面跟的是賓語從句，引導(dǎo)詞在從句中作“saysdoes”的賓語，故應(yīng)用what。Travellingabroad,youshouldfollowthecustomsofthecountrywhereyouarevisiting.解析：where—that/which“???youarevisiting”為定語從句修飾先行詞thecountry，從句中缺少賓語。（2019?山東菏澤一模）Asisknowntousall,somestudentshavebreakfastregularlywhileothersdon't.Thereisseveralreasons.解析：第二個is—are句意：眾所周知，一些學(xué)生有規(guī)律地吃早餐而其他學(xué)生并非如此。這有幾個原因。therebe句型中，be要和后面的主語保持一致，本句中severalreasons為復(fù)數(shù)形式，故將is改為are。（2018?福建福州八中高三質(zhì)檢）Therefore,itwasnodoubtthatIwasleftalone,sufferingfromlonelinessandfailure.解析：itftherethereisnodoubtthat??是固定句型，意為"毫無疑問”。（2018?湖南株洲教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測）Howaninterestingcountrytolivein!解析：How—What分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，該句為感嘆句，由感嘆句常用句型"What+a（n）+adj?+n?"可知應(yīng)把How改為What。如用How引導(dǎo)應(yīng)把冠詞an放在形容詞interesting之后。（2018?山西重點(diǎn)中學(xué)協(xié)作體一模）Whentakenexams,wesometimescheatinordertogetgoodresultstomakeourparentsandteacherspleased.解析：taken—taking句意：當(dāng)我們參加考試時，為了取得好結(jié)果來使我們的父母和老師高興，我們有時會作弊。該從句為省略句，將句子補(bǔ)全后為：Whenwearetakingexams???時間狀語從句主語與主句主語一致，且從句中含有be動詞時，可將從句主語和be動詞去掉，故將taken改為taking。Eachstudentlearnaforeignlanguage,mostlyEnglish,fromdayoneoftheircompulsoryeducation（義務(wù)教育）.解析：learn—learns主語是Eachstudent,謂語動詞應(yīng)用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。（2018?吉林長春外國語學(xué)校第二次質(zhì)檢）YouarethemostconsideratepersonwhoknowexactlywhatIneedinourclass解析：know—knowsknow是定語從句中的謂語動詞，由于先行詞person是單數(shù)，謂語動詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。Justastheoldsayinggoes,“Happinessliesincontentment.”O(jiān)nlyinthiswaywerelaxourselvesandachievemoreprogress解析：way后加can/will當(dāng)"only+狀語"位于句首時，要用部分倒裝。仿真綜合練一通咼考A（2018?濟(jì)南高考模擬）Thismorning,whenIwaswalkinginthestreet,Isawtwotravelerwerereadingamap,lookedpuzzled?ItseemedthatwewerelostJwentupthemandaskedhowIcouldhelp.TheytoldmethattheywerelookingfortheTempleofHeaven?IleadthemtoanearbybusstopandadvisedthemtotakeBusNo?20,thatcouldtakethemtheredirectly.TheyappreciatedmyhelpgreatBeforelong,thebuspulledout?Theygotonabusandwavedgoodbyetome?Seeingthemonthebus,andIfeltakindofsatisfaction.答案：第一句：traveler—travelers;looked—looking第二句：we—they第三句：up后加to第五句：lead—led;that—which第六句：great—greatly第七句：out—in第八句：a—the第九句：去掉andBItwasmygrandfather'sbirthdayonlastFriday.Earlyinthemorning,mypar