2023新高考新教材版英語高考第二輪復習-專題九　推理判斷

2023新高考新教材版英語高考第二輪復習專題九推理判斷Passage1In2007,theAfricanUnionannouncedanambitiousproject-toplanttheGreatGreenWall（GGW）,abandoftreesthatwouldstretchthelengthoftheSahel.TheGGWisanecologicalrestorationprojectdesignedbyAfricanpeopleforAfricanpeople.Heavyrain,droughts,wildfireandlandslideshaveallbecomecommonthroughouttheworld.ButnowhereisquiteliketheSahel.InthishugeAfricanregion,climatechangehasmaterializedinadramaticmanner.Insomecases,thesevereconditionshaveleftpeoplewithnooptionotherthantomigrateelsewheretosurvive.Itwaswithallofthisinmindthattheextraordinary,butheavilydebatedprojectwasfirstputforward.Fourteenyearshaspassedsincetheinitiativeformallykickedoff.Thestatedgoalwastocreatea15-kilometre-wide,8,000-kilometre-longgreenbeltoftreesandotherplantsthat,by2030,wouldspan（跨越）theentirewidthoftheSahel,fromSenegaltoDjibouti.Overall,100millionhectares（公頃）oflandwouldberestoredby2030.Oncecompleted,itwasannouncedthatthewallcouldendupcapturing（俘獲）250milliontonnesofcarbondioxide,whileitscreationandupkeepcouldcreatetenmillionjobsinruralareas.Lookingattheprojectasawhole,there'sstillalongwaytogo.AccordingtoastatusreportbytheUNConventiontoCombatDesertification,aboutfourmillionhectaresofdegradedlandhavebeenrestored.Thismeansthatprogresstowardsthe100millionhectarestargetstandsatjustfourpercent.“Whenwestartedrestoringthesoil,werealizedtheareaatriskwasmuchwiderthanweinitiallythought,explainsElvisPaulTangem,theAfricanUnion'sGGWcoordinator.€tWehadfewfundstopushtheinitiativeasmuchaswewantedto.Therewasskepticismamonginvestors,whodidn'tunderstandtheproject,butalsoamongtheAfricanstatesthemselves,whichneededtimetofigureoutiftheGGWwasapriority.”.WhatisthepurposeoftheGGWproject?A.Toimprovelocalecology.B.Todevelopruraleconomy.C.Topredictclimatepatterns.D.Tostrengthenregionalties..WhatdothestatisticsinParagraph3showoftheinitiative?A.Theserviceperiod. B.Thetotalbudget.C.Thetargetedgroups.D.Theexpectedbenefits..HowdoesElvisPaulTangemfeelabouttheproject?A.Skeptical. B.Worried.C.Confident. D.Satisfied..Whatmessagedoestheauthorintendtoconveyinthetext?A.Africancountriesshouldstandtogether.B.TheprogressoftheGGWprojectisslow.C.Fightingclimatechangeisourtoppriority.D.Naturaldisastersareworsethanwethought.答案［語篇解讀］本文為說明文。文章主要介紹了“非洲綠色長城”計劃（GGW）的實施狀況。.A推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第一句（GGW是一項非洲人為非洲人設計的生態(tài)修復工程。）可知.GGW項目的目的在于改善當?shù)厣鷳B(tài)。故選A..D推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“建立15千米寬.8,000千米長的植物綠化帶”，恢復T乙公頃土地”“俘獲2.5億噸二氧化碳”“創(chuàng)造1000萬個工作崗位”可知，這峻字都是GGW項目的預期收益。故選D。.B推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段結(jié)尾內(nèi)容（我們幾乎沒有資金來盡量按想要的那樣推動項目。投資者中間出現(xiàn)懷疑態(tài)度，他們不理解該項目.而且非洲國家自己也懷疑，這需要時間審視該項目是不是優(yōu)勢項目。）可知,ElvisPaulTangem對該項目是擔心的。故選B。.B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段（從整體來看，該項目還有很長的路要走。根據(jù)《聯(lián)合國防治荒漠化公約》狀態(tài)報告顯示，大約400萬公頃退化土地得以恢復。這就意味著恢復1億公頃的目標僅達成4%。）可知.作者在本文想傳達的信息是:GGW項目進展緩慢。故選B。Passage2OnFridayJanuary14,2022,ablastwasheard2,000kmawayinNewZealandand3,300kmawayinAustralia.BoatscrashedintoaquietharborinSouthernCalifornia,aremoteislandwasbatteredinJapanby4-footwavesandtwowomenwereswepttotheirdeathsonabeachinPerusome6,000milesfromanunderseavolcaniceruptionsopowerfulthatthetsunamiwhichitsetoffstirredoceanwatershalfwayacrosstheglobe.ButonSunday,asreportsofthevolcano'seffectcrowdedinfromfar-flungcountries,therewaslittlewordfromTonga,theislandnationjust40milesfromthesiteoftheextraordinaryexplosion.Asconcernsfromallovertheworldgrew,thenationofabout100,000peopleremainedlargelycutofffromtherestoftheworld,itsunderseaInternetcablesknockedoutofcommissionbythevolcano.InTongaonSunday,manyresidentslostnotonlycommunicationchannelsbutelectricpower.Upto80,000peopletherecouldbeaffected,theInternationalFederationofRedCrossandRedCrescentSocietiestoldtheBBC.NewZealandandothernationsintheregionpledgedtogiveTongaaidtorecover.Butwithheavyconcentrationsofairborneashmakingflightsimpossible,justliketheIcelandvolcaniceruptionin2021,itwasdifficulteventoknowwhatwasneeded.Ardern,NewZealandPrimeMinister,saidflightsoverTongawereplannedforMondayorTuesday,dependingonashconditions.Tongahasexperiencedasuccessionofnaturaldisastersinrecentyears.In2018,morethan170homesweredestroyedandtwopeoplekilledbyCycloneGita,aCategory5tropicalstorm.In2020,CycloneHaroldcausedabout$111millionindamage..Whichcountrywasn'taffectedbyTongaunderseavolcaniceruptions?A.America. B.Japan. C.Peru. D.Iceland..Howmuchareaoftheseawaterdidthevolcaniceruptionstir?A.20%. B.30%, C.50%. D.70%..Whichphrasecanreplacetheunderlinedwords“outofcommission^^?A.outofaction B.outofrangeC.outofexistence D.outofaccount.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.TheIcelandvolcaniceruptionin2021madenearbyflightsdelayed.B.NewZealandaswellasothernationsintheregiongaveTongaaidtimely.C.FlightscouldreachTongatwodaysaftertheeruption.D.TheunderseavolcaniceruptioncausedsevererdamagetoTongathaneverbefore.答案［語篇解讀I本文為新聞報道。當?shù)貢r間2022年1月14日太平洋島國湯加發(fā)生海底火山噴發(fā),致使該國與外界中斷聯(lián)系.同時引發(fā)海嘯,影響多個太平洋沿岸國家。.D細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中出現(xiàn)的“NewZealand”“Australia”“SouthemCalifomia”“Japan”和“Peru”可知,D項（冰島）未受本次湯加海底火山噴發(fā)的影響。.C細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句中的“thetsunamiwhichitsetoffstirredoceanwatershalfwayacrosstheglobe”（本次海底火山噴發(fā)引起的海嘯攪動了半個地球的海水）可知火山噴發(fā)攪動了50%的區(qū)域的海水。故選C..A猜測詞義題。根據(jù)第二段第二句中的“這個有著大約10萬人口的國家仍然在很大程度上與世隔絕”可推知，湯加的海底網(wǎng)絡電纜不能使用.故A項（不能工作;停止運轉(zhuǎn)）符合語境。.A推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段第二句（但是由于空氣中高濃度的火山灰使空中航行變得不可能，正如2021年冰島火山噴發(fā)一樣，甚至很難知道湯加需要些什么）可推知A項（2021年冰島火山噴發(fā)造成附近航班延誤）正確。Passage3It'snosecretthatwalkingisgoodforyou.Manyofusaretryingtogetinthoserecommended10,000stepsadaythatourwearablefitnesstechnologyurgesustoachieve.Buthowmanycaloriesareweactuallyburning,andhowcanwegetthemostoutofthosesteps?Findanswersintheseways.Doyouknowthetruthaboutcalorie-burning?Walkingisamoderateintensityformofexercise.Togetthemostcalorie-burningbenefits,then,itwouldseemthatwalkingataconsistentlylightpacewouldmakethemostsense.Payattentiontoyourheartrateandhowyoufeel.Wearabletechnologiescancertainlyprovideanideaofprogresstowardyourcalorie-burninggoals.Usingfitnesstrackerequipmenttohelpyourecognizewhenyoureachyourtargetheartratezonescanhelpyoumaximizethecalorie-burning.Walkingisoftenconsideredasagreatfat-burningexercise,andforgoodreason.Youcan'treallywalkathigherintensitiesbecauseofthenatureoftheexercise;therefore,youendupinlow-intensityzones,whereyoutendtoburnmorefat.Whenyou'rewalkingatalighterintensitywithyourheartrateinthe57%to63%range,youaremorelikelytobeusingfatforfuel.Nomatterwhatyourspeedis,formmatters.Whendonewithgoodform,walkingisanincrediblybeneficialformofexercisefortotalhealthandwellnessbeyondmerecalorie-burning.Moreover,walkingisthemostaccessibleformofexercisebecauseitdoesn'trequireanyspecialclothes,equipmentormemberships.Whetheryourgoalisfatloss,increasedfitnessorsimplyenhancingyouroverallhealthandwellness,walkingoffersallthesebenefitsandmore..WhatisthepurposeofParagraph1?A.Tointroducethetopic.B.Tocomparewalkingwithotherexercise.C.Toexplainthewearablefitnesstechnology.D.Toshowtheimportanceof10,000stepsaday..Whatdoestheunderlinedword“intensity“inParagraph2mean?A.Depth. B.Strength.C.Height. D.Distance..Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?A.Walkingathighintensitiesisrecommended.B.Yourwalkingspeedisthemostimportanttocalorie-burning.C.Walkingcanburncaloriesbetterifyouwalkinaproperform.D.Itismoreconvenienttowalkforthosewhohaveagymmembership..Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.Walking10,000StepsaDayMattersB.WalkingBenefitsYourHeartC.HowtoBestBurnCalorieswhileWalkingD.HowtoUseWearableFitnessTechnologieswhileWalking茲室口木［語篇解讀］本文為說明文。文章介紹了幾種充分利用走路消耗熱量的方法。1.A推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段最后兩句（但實際上我們消耗了多少熱量并且我們該如何充分利用那些步數(shù)呢?用以下方法尋求答案。）可知.第一段的目的在于引出文章主題。故選A。2.B猜測詞義題。根據(jù)第二段第三句（因此，為了獲得最大熱量消耗的成效,始終保持以輕快的步伐走路似乎最合理。）可知,走路是一種中等強度的運動形式。故B項（強度）正確。.C推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第三、四句（當你以更輕的強度走路心率在57%至63%之間時，你更有可能在用脂肪作為燃料。無論什么樣的速度,形式很重要。）可知C項（如果你以合適的形式走路，走路就能更好地消耗熱量）正確。.C主旨要義題。根據(jù)第一段最后兩句（但實際上我們消耗了多少熱量并且我們該如何充分利用那些步數(shù)呢?用以下方法尋求答案。）可知C項（如何在走路時最好地消耗熱量）符合文章主旨。Passage4Peopleplaythelottery（博彩）inthehopeofwinningmoney,sometimesalotofmoney.Yourchancesofwinningaresmall,butthepay-offscanbebig.Ittakesalotoflucktowin.ButforawomaninMassachusetts,winningthelotteryinvolvedmorethanluck.Itinvolvedextremehonestyandkindness.LeaRoseFiegaaccidentallythrewouta$1millionlotteryticket.Butthankstothekindnessandhonestyoftheownersofthestorewheresheboughtit,sheeventuallycollectedherwinnings.Fiegaboughtthe$30DiamondMillionsscratch-offticketinMarchataconveniencestoreinSouthwick,Massachusetts.Thestoreisnearherworkplace.AnditisnamedtheLuckyStop.Shesaid,“Iwasinahurry,onmylunchbreak,andjustscratcheditreallyquicklyanditdidn'tlooklikeawinner...MSo,shehandedittothestoreownerstothrowaway.Theticketlayinthestorefor10days."Oneevening,Iwasgoingthroughtheticketsfromthetrashandfoundoutthatshedidn'tscratchthenumber,^^AbhiShah,thesonofthestore'sowners,toldalocaltelevisionstation.So,hescratchedthenumber.Itwasa$1millionticket.Fiegaisaregularcustomer.So,thefamilyknewimmediatelywhohadthrownitaway.Shahwenttoseeheratwork.Fiegasaid,“Hecametomyofficeandsaid,kMymomanddadwouldliketoseeyou.'"Shetoldtheyoungmanthatshewasbusyworking.Buthesaid,“No,youhavetocomeover.”So,Fiegawenttothestoreandthatwaswhenthefamilytoldherthenews."Iwasintotaldisbelief/'Fiegasaid."Icried.1huggedthem.^^Thestoregets$10,000fromthestatelotterycompanyforsellingthewinningticket.Fiegasaidshegavethefamilysomemoneytothankthem.Sheissavingtherestforretirement..WhatmadeFieganearlylosehergreatfortune?A.Greed.B.Kindness.C.Generosity. D.Carelessness..HowdidFiegainitiallyexpectthestoreownerstohandleherticket?A.Bygettingridofit.B.Bysellingittoothers.C.Bykeepingarecordofit.D.Bykeepingitfbrher..WhydidShahinsistthatFiegagotoseehisparents?A.Totrickherintogoingbacktotheirstore.B.Todivideupthelotterywinnings.C.Toreturnthelotterytickettoher.D.Toidentifytheownerofthelotteryticket..Whichwordbestdescribestheoutcomeoftheincident?A.Unfair.B.Win-win. C.Regrettable. D.Uncertain.林空［語篇解讀］本文為新聞報道。馬薩諸塞州誠實善良的便利店老板發(fā)現(xiàn)顧客扔掉的彩票中了100萬美元后，完璧歸趙。.D細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一句（LeaRoseFiega意外地丟掉了一張100萬美元的彩票。）可知.是Fiega的粗心才使得她差一點與巨額財富失之交臂。故選D。.A細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句（所以，她把彩票丟給便利店老板,讓他們丟掉。）可知她最初期望店老板處理掉彩票。故選A。.C推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段（所以Fiega去了便利店，就在那時這家人告訴了她這個消息?！彝耆桓蚁嘈?"Fiega說，“我哭了并擁抱了他們。“同知Shah堅持讓Fiega去見自己的父母，目的是要告訴她這個消息，并把彩票還給她。故選配.B推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段可知，商店得到了州彩票公司的10,000美元獎勵。Fiega也拿了一些錢給這家人以表感謝.剩余的存起來,退休后再用。這對雙方來說是雙贏的結(jié)果，故選B。Passage5EdwardO.Wilson,knownas“antman”,wasbomonJune10,1929,inBirmingham,Alabama.Hisparentsdivorcedwhenhewasyoung,andhewasmovedfrequentlythroughouthischildhood.Wilsongrewupexploringtheforestsandwildlife.Oneoftheseadventureslefthimpartlyblind,buttheyalsosetoffhislifelongfascinationwithantsandtheirsocialstructures.Wilsonearnedhisbachelor'sandmaster'sdegreesfromtheUniversityofAlabama.In1955,hereceivedhisPh.D.fromHarvardandworkedthereuntilretirement.Wilson'searlystudyofantsledtohisfirstmajordiscoveryin1959:howantscommunicatethroughthereleaseofchemicalsignals.Later,in1990,WilsonandGermanbiologistBertHolldoblerpublishedtheirPulitzer-winningTheAnts.Itdetailedtheinsects9socialstructurethatwasbothvaluedbyscholarsandaccessibletogeneralreaders.AnotherofWilson'smajorworksstartedintheearly1960swhenheteamedupwithRobertMacArthur.ThepairpublishedTheTheoryofIslandBiogeography,wheretheysoughttoexplainwhydifferentplaceshavedifferentnumbersofspecies.WhatmanyconsidertobeWilson'smostimportantcontributionstoevolutionarybiologycamein1975whenhepublishedSociobiology:TheNewSynthesis.Theworkexploredthegeneticrootsofanimalbehaviorandarguedthatgenesshapedhumanbehavior.Wilsonfacedaccusationsfortheseideasbuthisworkfinallylargelyprovedtrue.In1978,hisideasontherolebiologyplaysinhumanculturepeakedinOnHumanNature,whichwonhimaPulitzerin1979.Wilsonpublishedmorethan400scientificpapersand30books.Theseaccomplishmentsofferedhimatypeofsuperstarstatus,butfriendsandcolleaguessaidthepoliteSouthernerremaineddowntoearth.'"ProfessorWilsonreallylistenedtoandengagedwithwhomeverhewasinteractingwith,“saidCorrieS.Moreau,whowasoneofWilson'sfinaladvisees..WhatcontributedtoWilson'spassionforants?A.Hisaccidentaldisability.B.Thediscoveryhemadeaboutants.C.Theschooleducationhereceived.D.Hisboyhoodtimespentinnature..WhatisWilson'sfirstPulitzer-winningbookabout?A.Thesocialstructureofants.B.Thedistributionofdifferentspecies.C.Thelinksbetweenbiologyandhumanculture.D.Theroleofchemicalsignalsincommunication..Accordingtothelastparagraph,whichwordbestdescribesWilson?A.Humorous.B.Humble.C.Open-minded.0.Independent..Whatisthebesttitleofthistext?A.ThePioneering"AntMan”B.DiscoveriesinEvolutionaryBiologyC.ALeadingFigureinPopularScienceD.TheAdventureofaPulitzerPrizeWinner答案［語篇解讀］本文為記敘文.文章講述了“蟻人”爰德華?威爾遜的生平及取得的非凡成就。.D細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后兩句（威爾遜在探索森林和野生動物中長大，其中一次探險致使他失去了部分視力.但探險也激發(fā)了他對螞蟻及其社會結(jié)構(gòu)的終生迷戀）可知，他在自然界中度過的童年時光促成了他對螞蟻的酷愛。故D項正確。.A細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段（后來，在1990年，威爾遜和德國生物學家BertHWdobler出版了他們第一部普利策獎獲獎作品《螞蟻》。作品詳細介紹了這種昆蟲的社會結(jié)構(gòu)……）可知A項正確。.B推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段第二句（這些成就給他提供了超級明星的地位.但朋友和同事們都說這位有禮貌的南方人仍然很務實）可知,爰德華?威爾遜很謙遜，不虛榮。古攵選B。4.A主旨要義題。根據(jù)第一段第一句并結(jié)合全文可知，本文講述了“蟻人”愛德華?威爾遜的生平及取得的非凡成就.故A項（開創(chuàng)性的“蟻人”）符合本文主旨。Passage6Scientistshavelongsoughttopreventsharpmemoriesfromdullingwithage,buttheproblemremainsunsettled.AnewstudypublishedinScientificReportssuggestsvirtualrealitymighthelpolderpeoplerecallfactsandeventsbasedonspecificdetails.Thestudyinvolved42healthyolderadultsfromtheSanFranciscoBayArea.Halfspentadozenhoursoverfourweeksplayingavirtual-realitygamecalledLabyrinth;theyworeheadsetsandwalkedinplace,walkingvirtualneighborhoodswhilecompletingsmalltasks.Theotherhalf,inthecontrolgroup,usedelectronictabletstoplaygamesthatdidnotrequirerecallingdetails.After15sessions,thelatterperformedroughlythesameasbeforeonalong-termmemorytest.ButtheLabyrinthplayersgainedanimprovementinmemorythroughtheVRgame.AscientistPeterWaisoftheUniversityofCaliforniasaidtheimprovementsbroughtthemuptothelevelofanothergroupofyoungeradultstakingthesamememorytests.MeredithThompson,aneducationresearcher,studieslearningthroughVRgamesbutwasnotinvolvedinthenewstudy."Itwouldbegreattoactuallyfollowpeopleovertimeandseewhatthistypeofgamedoesforlong-termmemory,shesays,addingVRcanprovidegreaterinvolvementthanothergames.Wais'steamisnowinvestigatinghowlongtheobservedeffectslastandwhichelementsofthetraininghavethemostimpact.Acognitivepsychologist,DanielSimons,whowasalsonotinvolvedinthestudy,notesexperimentswithothergamesthatclaimtotrainthebrainhaveoftenfailedtoevaluatethis.Anditremainsunclearhowtestperformanceinalaboratorysettingmighttranslateintoreal-worldsituations.uTheoutcome,Simonsnotes,"needstoberepeated,ideallywithamuchlargergroup,beforeit'streatedasastrongfinding/9Fornow,Waissays,theteamhopesitsstudieswithsimilar-sizedgroupswillhelpdrawfundingtotestthegameinalargerpoolofparticipants..Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Virtualrealitymaybetterolderadults'memory.B.OldpeopleshouldplayVRgamestoavoidaging.C.Virtualrealitymightchangepeople'smemory.D.People'smemorytendstofadeasthey9reaging..WhatisMeredithThompson'sattitudetotheresearch?A.Uncaring. B.Cautious.C.Worried.D.Satisfied..Whydoestheresearchneedimprovingaccordingtothescientists?A.Itfailedtoreceivefinancialsupport.B.Itcouldn'tbeappliedintherealworld.C.Thetestperformancewasunsatisfying.D.Limitedparticipantsmadeitunconvincing..Wheremaythetextcomefrom?A.Asciencefiction.B.Abookreview.C.Asciencemagazine.D.Asportsmagazine.蝕;空口［語篇解讀］本文為說明文。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)虛擬現(xiàn)實可以幫助老年人回憶往昔.改善記憶力。1.A主旨要義題。根據(jù)第一段第二句（《科學報告》公布的一項新的研究表明,虛擬現(xiàn)實可以幫助老年人回憶起基于具體細節(jié)的事實和事件）可知A項（虛擬現(xiàn)實可以改善老年人的記憶力）正確。2.B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“教育研究員MeredithThompson通過虛擬現(xiàn)實游戲研究學習，但沒有參與此項新研究。她說「實際上長時間跟蹤這些人，然后再看看虛擬現(xiàn)實游戲?qū)﹂L期記憶有什么樣的影響會很好。”'可知MeredithThompson對該研究持謹慎的態(tài)度。.D推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段最后一句（Simons指出，該研究結(jié)果在被視為重大發(fā)現(xiàn)之前.需要反復實驗，最好放在更大的群體中）可推知，參與者數(shù)量有限使得研究結(jié)果難以令人信服。故選D。.C推理判斷題。根據(jù)本文出現(xiàn)的“Scientists""Anewstudy,,MScientificReports,KtThestudy""researcher”等字眼可推知.本文屬于科學研究，可能出現(xiàn)在科學雜志上。Passage7Facebookhaslauncheditsfirstpairofsmartglasses,whichhousespeakersandcameras,builtwitheyewearfirmRay-Ban.Theglasses,whichareavailableinarangeofcoloursandstyles,arepricedat￡299andwillbeavailablefromSeptember13.CalledRay-BanStories,theglassesfeaturetwofive-megapixelcamerastotakephotosandvideos,aswellasbuilt-inmicrophonesandspeakersenablinguserstomakecallsandlistentoaudio.Theglassesalsocomewithbuilt-inLEDlightstoletpeoplenearbyknowwhentheweareristakingaphotoorvideoandpairwiththenewFacebookViewapp,whichenablesuserstosharecontentfromtheglassesontheirsocialmediaaccounts.Announcingthenewhardware,Facebookacknowledgedthatprivacywasakeyissueithadbeenlookingtoaddresswhencreatingthenewdevice.t6Aswithanynewdevice,wehaveabigresponsibilitytohelppeoplefeelcomfortableandprovidepeaceofmind,andthatgoesnotonlyfordeviceownersbutthepeoplearoundthem,too,Mthesocialnetworksaidinablogpost.Facebooksaiditwouldalsoofferguidancetousersonhowtosafelyusetheglasseswithregardtoothers.“We'vedevelopedguidelinesfbrwhatisandisn'tanappropriateuseoftheglasses,someofwhichsurfacerightintheappduringon-boarding,andwhichareavailableinfullonlineonourdedicatedprivacymicrositeforRay-BanStories.^^“Thesetipsincluderespectingpeople'spreferencesiftheyaskyoutostoprecordingordon'twanttobeinaphotoorvideo,notcapturingphotosandvideoswhiledriving,andturningofftheglassesinprivateareaslikeplacesofworship,adoctor'soffice,orlockerrooms.”.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothetext?A.ThesmartglassesaremadebyFacebookindependently.B.Theglasseshavemorethantwofive-megapixelcameras.C.Userscansharecontentfromtheglasseswiththeirfriends.D.Thebuilt-inLEDlightshelptakebetterpictures..Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?A.TheglasseswillbeahitwithFacebookusers.B.PeoplecanbuytheglassesatthestartofSeptember.C.Thetipsonsafeuseoftheglassesarenotfree.D.Somepeoplemayfeeluneasywhenbeingcaughtoncamera..WhatisFacebook'sattitudetotheissueofprivacy?A.Serious. B.Indifferent.C.Negative. D.Objective..Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.SafetyGuidelinesforGlassesUsersB.Facebook'sReleaseofSmartGlassesC.PrivacyRelatedtoNewTechnologyD.Users'FeedbackonSmartGlasses知富p=j樂［語篇解讀］本文為說明文。文章主要介紹了Facebook推出的一款智能眼鏡。.C細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句中的“whichenablesuserstosharecontentfromtheglassesontheirsocialmediaaccounts”（這使得用戶可將眼鏡上的內(nèi)容在社交媒體賬戶上分享）可知C項（用戶可與朋友分享眼鏡上的內(nèi)容）正確。.D推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“這些建議包括如果人們要求你停止拍攝或不想出現(xiàn)在照片或視頻中，要尊重他們的喜好“可推知D項（有些人在被相機捕捉到時可能會感到不安）正確。.A推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第一句（在宣布這款新的硬件設備時.Facebook承認隱私是在研制時努力解決的關鍵問題）可知,Facebook對待隱私問題是嚴肅的（serious）。.B主旨要義題.根據(jù)文章第一段第一句（Facebook推出首副智能眼鏡,配有揚聲器和攝像頭，并與Ray-Ban眼鏡公司合作開發(fā)）可知B項（Facebook推出智能眼鏡）正確。Passage8Topersist,lifemustreproduce.ScientistsattheUniversityofVermont,TuftsUniversity,andtheWyssInstituteforBiologicallyInspiredEngineeringatHarvardUniversityhavediscoveredanentirelynewformofbiologicalreproductionandappliedtheirdiscoverytocreatingthefirst-ever,self-replicating（自我復制的）livingrobots.NamedXenobotsaftertheAfricanclawedfrogfromwhichscientiststaketheirstemcells,themachinesarelessthan0.04incheswide-smallenoughtotravelinsidehumanbodies.Theycanwalkandswim,surviveforweekswithoutfood,andworktogetheringroups.Theyevenhaveregenerativecapabilities;whenthescientistsslicedintoonerobot,ithealedbyitselfandkeptmoving.TheXenobotscouldpotentiallybeusedforahostoftasks.Xenobotscouldbeusedtocleanupradioactivewasteandcollectmicroplasticsintheoceans.SomeXenobotshadholesintheircenter,whichcouldpotentiallybeusedtotransportdrugsormedicines."Traditionalrobotsdegrade（降解）overtimeandcanproduceharmfulecologicalandhealthsideeffects,“researcherssaidinthestudy,whichwaspublishedintheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciences.Asbiologicalmachines,Xenobotsaremoreenvironmentallyfriendlyandsaferforhumanhealth.Asidefromtheseimmediatepracticaltasks,Xenobotscouldalsohelpresearcherstolearnmoreaboutcellbiology-openingthedoortofutureadvancementinhumanhealthandlongevity.Whiletheprospectofself-replicatingbiotechnologycouldsparkconcern,theresearcherssaidthatthelivingmachineswereentirelycontainedinalabandeasilydestroyed,astheyarebiodegradableandregulatedbyexperts."Therearemanythingsthatarepossibleifwetakeadvantageofthiskindofplasticity（可塑性）andabilityofcellstosolveproblems,“saidJoshuaBongard,oneoftheleadresearchersattheUniversityofVermont..Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“regenerative“underlinedinParagraph2?A.Fightingdisease.B.Replacingoldcells.C.Self-cleaningregularly.□.Recoveringandgrowingagain..WhatcanwelearnaboutXenobotsfromParagraph3?A.Theycanbewidelyappliedtocuringdiseases.B.Theycanservetheresearchonhumanhealthwell.C.Theyarespeciallydesignedtocollectradioactivewaste.D.Theyareharmlesstotheenvironmentbydegradingplastics..WhatisBongard'sattitudetowardstheself-replicatingbiotechnology?A.Positive. B.Doubtful.C.Indifferent. D.Ambiguous..Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?A.AnexperimentonAfricanclawedfrogs.B.Thetrendofdevelopingbiotechnology.C.Anapplicationofamachineinmedicine.D.Theinventionofthefirstself-replicatingrobots.答案［語篇解讀］本文為說明文。文章主要介紹了全球首批可自我復制的活體機器人。1.D猜測詞義題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句中的“當科學家切開一個機器人時，它自動愈合并繼續(xù)移動”可知D項（恢復并再次生長）可以解釋“regenerative（可再生的）”的意思。2.B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句（除了這些當前的實際任務之外,Xenobots還可以幫助研究人員更多地了解細胞生物學「為人類健康、長壽的未來發(fā)展打開大門）可知B項（它們可以很好地服務于在人類健康方面的研究）正確。.A推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中JoshuaBongard所說的“如果我們利用細胞的這種可塑性以及能力來解決問題.那么許多事情便成為可能“可推知JoshuaBongard對自我復制生物技術持積極的、肯定的態(tài)度。故選A。.D主旨要義題。根據(jù)第一段第二句可知,科學家們發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種全新的生物復制形式，并運用他們的發(fā)現(xiàn)創(chuàng)造了首批可自我復制的活體機器人。故D項（首批可自我復制的機器人的發(fā)明）符合文章主旨.Passage9Onequestioneverycoachhasheardintheircoachingcareeristhis:“Whyisn'lmykidplaying?”Thestupidityofmany”win?at-aH-cost“coachesinyouthsportsisneatlymatchedbythatof“play-my-kid-or-else,5parentsatthehigh-schoollevel.Whenthegamesstarttocount,themainreasonwhyyourkidisn'tplayingissimple:“They'rejustnotgoodenough.”“He/Shejustisn'tfastenough.n4€He/Shejustisn'tstrongenough.^^Goodcoaches,however,arenotusuallythatblunt.TheyareveryskillfulinnottellingwhatyouandIwouldconsiderthe“truth”.Thethingisthatmanykidsknowwhatthey'regoodat,andwhatthey'renotgoodat.Whenitcomestofootball,forinstance,mostofthemiddle-schoolersorfreshmenalreadyknowtheoneortwokidswhoaregoodenoughtoplayonthevarsityteam（校隊）ortocatchtheeyeofacollegeadmissionsofficer.Theirparentsdonot.Therestplaybecausetheyenjoyit,needthediscipline,wanttobelongtoateam,havedreamedofitsincetheywerefiveorsix,aretryingtomaketheirparentshappy,needavarsitysportontheircollegeapplication,orsomecombinationofthefactorsabove.Someofthemdon'lpossessmuchathleticskill,butmakeupforitbypracticing,bygettingstrongerandquicker,andwithon-fieldeffort.Fartoomanychildrentodayarelivinginaworldwheretheyneverlearn"no”.Theydon'tknowhowtohandledisappointmentandfailure.Nordotheyknowhowtoreactandmoveonwhentheydon'tgettheirownway.It'sawfulwhenyourkidisn'tplaying.Beenthere,donethat.Noreasonableparentwantstoseetheirchildhurt.Butnooneescapesthislifeunhurt,emotionallyifnotphysically.Whenthesekidsmoveoninlife,theyaregoingtogetrejectedwhentheyapplyforcollege,failtogetthejobtheywant,andtastefailureanddisappointmentonmultiplefronts.Coachesshouldtrytomakesureeveryonegetssomeplayingtime.Butthatshouldnevercomeattheexpenseofotherkidswhoaremoretalented,tryharderorspendmoretimepracticing.Nochildshouldevergooutforanyteamthinkingthey'regoingtobeguaranteedaspotorplayingtime,nomatterhowloudlytheirparentscomplain.Inthatsense,sportsareatruemirroroflife.Nooneisguaranteed“playing“timeinlife.Forthemostpart,hardwork,effort,planninganddesirearerewarded.Thebenefitscanbewonderful.Butit'sgoodtobepreparedwhenitdoesn'tworkoutthatway..Whatdoestheunderlinedword“blunt“probablymean?A.Impatient.B.Annoying.C.Direct.D.Serious..Theauthorbelievesthat.A.kidsshouldlearnhowtofacerejectionintheirlifeB.peoplecanlivealifewithoutbeinghurtC.parentsmusthelpkidsescapedisappointmentandfailureD.coachesneedtoensureeverystudentgetsenoughplayingtime3.Whatprobablymotivatedtheauthortowritethispassage?A.Coaches,mistakenbeliefsaboutvarsityteams.B.Parents5unrealisticviewsofkids'playingtime.C.Children'signoranceofthemeaningofsportsandlife.D.Thepublic'sdoubtsaboutwhykidsneedtoplaysports.蝕;空口［語篇解讀］很多父母會問教練自己的孩子為什么無法上場比賽，原因很簡單——表現(xiàn)不夠好。孩子們無論在賽場上還是在生活中都應該學會去面對被拒絕。.C推測詞義題。根據(jù)畫線詞后一句"TheyareveryskillfulinnottellingwhatyouandIwouldconsiderthe，truth…可知，好的教練不會那么直接地告訴父母他們的孩子不好。direct直接的。.A細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三、四段可知，現(xiàn)在太多的孩子不知道如何處理失望和失敗.但沒有人能在生活中不受傷