unit6長難句分析綜合訓(xùn)練解析

考研語法——Unit6Aftersixmonthsofarguingandfinal16hoursofhotparliamentarydebates,Australia’sNorthernTerritorybecamethefirstlegalauthorityintheworldtoallowdoctorstotakethelivesofincurablyillpatientswhowishtodie.parliamentary?pɑ:l??mentriadj.議會的；國會的debate/di?beit/n.爭論；辯論；討論territory/?ter?tri/n. legalauthority合法incurablyin?kju?r?bliadv16為世界上首個準(zhǔn)許醫(yī)生根據(jù)絕癥自身意愿對其生命進(jìn)行終結(jié)的合法。SaysHofsess:“ostedbulletinsalldaylong,becauseofcoursethisjustsomethingthathappenedinAustralia.It’sworldbulletin?bul?tinn.公告；布告alldaylong整天譯文：他說:“它是全世界歷史上的一件大事。”InAustralia—whereanagingpopulation,life-extendingtechnologyandchangingcommunityattitudeshaveallplayedtheirpart—otherstatesaregoingtoconsidermakingasimilarlawtodealwitheuthanasia.population?p?pju?lei?nn.人口communityattitude公眾態(tài)度playedespart發(fā)揮...的作euthanasia/?ju:θ??neizi?/影響，(因此)其它各州也在考慮制定類似的來應(yīng)對的問題。ForLloydNickson,a54-year-oldDarwinresidentsufferingfromlungcancer,theNTRightsofTerminallyIlllawmeanshecangetonwithlivingwithoutthehauntingfearofhissuffering:aterrifyingdeathfromhisbreathingcondition.resident?rezid?ntn.居民lungcancer肺癌haunting?h?:nti?adj.縈繞心頭的；使人難忘的terrifying/?terifaii?/adj.可怕的；令人恐懼的conditionk?n?di?nn.譯文：對于居住于達(dá)爾文市現(xiàn)年54歲的肺癌患者利奧德·來說，北領(lǐng)地絕癥因呼吸狀況(日益)而可怕的死去。tothenearestcabinorturnto 求cabin?k?binnsettlement/?setlm?nt/n.(尤指拓荒安家的)ifhungryinjured,orillifhe/shewashungry,injured,orill.Thephrase“ubaeabu”isoftenusedinsteadof“drugabuse”tomakeclearthatsubstancessuchasalcoholandtobaccocanbejustasharmfullymisusedasande.phrase/freiz/n.短語；詞組substance?s?bst?nsn.物質(zhì)；物品abuse/??bju:s/n.insteadof代替；而不是alcohol/??lk?h?l/n.tobacco/t??b?k?u/n.煙草misuse/?mis?ju:s/v. /?her?uin/n.e/k?u?kein/此處的that從句是make的賓語。Aisasadj./adv.as ABeg:Thetreeisastallasthebuilding Dependenceismarkedfirstbyanincreasedtolerance,withmoreandmoreofthesubstancerequiredtoproducethedesiredeffect,andthenbytheappearanceofunpleasantwithdrawalsymptomswhenthesubstanceisdiscontinued.mark/mɑ:k/v.標(biāo)記；標(biāo)志； 的特bemarkedby特點(diǎn)是； 為特tolerance?t?l?r?nsn.抗藥性；忍受性substance/?s?bst?ns/n.物質(zhì)；物品desired/di?zai?d/adj.渴望的appearance??pi?r?nsn.出現(xiàn)unpleasant?n?plezntadj.令人不快的；不舒服的withdrawal/wie?dr?:?l/n.戒毒過程；脫癮期symptom?simpt?mndiscontinue?disk?n?tinju:vHallucinogenshavetheirprimaryeffectonperception,distortingandalteringitinavarietyofwaysincludingproducinghallucinations.hallucinogen/?h??lu:sin?d??n/n.致幻劑；幻覺劑haveeffecton對 perceptionp??sep?nn.知覺；感知；悟性；看法distort/di?st?:t/v.；歪曲inavarietyofways以各種各樣的方式你需要知道：perceptiondistorting，altering法與perception并列。It’saself-examinationthathas,atvarioustimes,involvedissuesofresponsibility,creativefreedomandthecorporatebottomline.self-examination自??；反省corporate/?k?:p?r?t/adj.公司的bottomline“Thetestofanydemocraticsociety,”hewroteinaWallStreetJournalcolumn,ienotinhowwellitcancontrolexpressionbutinwhetheritgivesfreedomofthoughtandexpressionthewidestpossiblelatitude,howeverdisputableorirritatingtheresultsmaysometimesbe.”democratic/?dem??kr?tik/adj.的；政體的；制度的journalcolumn報(bào)專欄liein...在于latitude?l?titju:dNAmEtu:dn.選擇(做什么事或做事方式)的自由；緯度disputable/di?spju:t?bl/adj.可質(zhì)疑的；有爭辯余地的irritating/?iriteiti?/adj.令人譯文：“對任何社會的考驗(yàn)，”他在《華爾街日報(bào)》專欄中寫到，“并不在于它能多么有效地控制表達(dá)，而在于它是否賦予了(人民)最廣泛的思想和表達(dá)自Duringthediscussionofrocksingingversesatlastmonth’sde’meeting,Levinassertedthat“musicisnotthecauseofsociety’sills”andevencitedhisson,ateacherintheBronx,NewYork,whousesraptocommunicatewithversev?:sn.（歌曲、詩歌等的）chorus（副歌）相對stockholders/?st?kh?uld?(r)/n.股東assert??s?:tv.明確肯定；斷言；堅(jiān)持自己的主張cite/sait/v.列舉；引述；援引Buthetalkedaswellabouttheblngg”betweencreativefreedomandsocialresponsibility,andheannouncedthatthecompanywouldlaunchadrivetodevelopstandardsfordistributionandlabelingofpotentiallyobjectionablebalancedstruggle平衡難題developstandardsfor... 設(shè)立標(biāo)labeling/?leibli?/n.；標(biāo)potentiallyp??ten??liadvobjectionable/?b?d?ek??n?bl/adj.令人不快的；令人司將發(fā)起一項(xiàng)運(yùn)動，為可能引起的音樂制定和標(biāo)識標(biāo)準(zhǔn)?！癝omeofushaveknownformany,manyyearsthatthefreedomsundertheFirstAmendmentarenottotallyunlimited,”saysLuce.“Ithinkitisperhapsthecasethatsomepeopleassociatedwiththecompanyhaveonlyrecentlycometorealizeamendment/??mendm?nt/n.（的associatedwith 有關(guān)系； 譯文：我們中有些人許多許多年前就知道第一 全不受限制的，魯斯說道，我認(rèn)為事情可能是公司有些人最近才這economytoasoftlanding”oratouchonthebks”makesitsoundlikeaprecisescience.monetary?m?nitriadj.貨幣的；錢的steer/sti?(r)/v.；控制；引導(dǎo)atouchonthebrakes踩剎車（文中指給經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展踩剎車precise/pri?sais/adj.準(zhǔn)確的；精確的；確切的濟(jì)”“，Hencetheogythatlikenstheconductofmonetarypolicytodrivingacarwithablackenedwindscreen,acrackedrear-viewmirrorandafaultysteeringhence/hens/adv.因此；由此ogy??n?l?d?in.類比；比擬；比喻likensAtoB把比作blackened?bl?k?ndadj.變黑的；弄黑的windscreen/?windskri:n/n.擋風(fēng)玻璃cracked/kr?kt/adj.破裂的；有裂紋的rear-viewmirror后視鏡faulty?f?:ltiadj.不完美的；有錯誤的；有缺陷的steeringwheel方向盤；駕駛盤備注：此例句如果嚴(yán)格從語法上講是有誤的，模仿！應(yīng)改為Wehavetheogythat...Averageinflationinthebigsevenindustrialeconomiesfelltoamere2.3%lastyear,closetoitslowestlevelin30years,beforerisingslightlyto2.5%thisJuly.average??v?rid?adj.平均的；典型的；正常的inflation/in?flei?n/n.通脹率；通貨膨脹industrialeconomy工業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)（文中指代工業(yè)國）closekl?uzv.關(guān)；結(jié)束；使靠近adj.緊密的；親密的adv.緊密地closeto接近slightly?slaitliadv月略微升高到2.5%Thisisnoflashinthepan;overthepastcoupleofyears,inflationhasconsistentlylowerthanexpectedinBritainandflashinthepan曇花一現(xiàn)inflationin?flei?nn.consistentlyk?n?sist?ntliadvoverthepast/lastfewyearsAmerica’scapacityutilization,forexample,hithistoricallyhighlevelsearlierthisyear,anditsjoblessrate(5.6%inAugust)hasfallenbelowmostestimatesofthenaturalrateofunemployment--theratebelowwhichinflationhastakenoffinthecapacityk??p?s?tin.生產(chǎn)量；生產(chǎn)能力utilization/?ju:t?lai?zei?n/n.利用；使用joblessrate失業(yè)率estimate/?estim?t/n.估計(jì)；估價inflation/in?flei?n/n.通脹率；通貨膨脹takeoff起飛（引申為數(shù)據(jù)飆升）Perhapsitishumankind’slongsufferingatthemercyoffloodandthatmakestheideaofforcingthewaterstodoourbiddingsoatthemercyof任由、某事物擺布或控制flood/fl?d/n.洪水；水災(zāi)drought/draut/n.久旱；旱災(zāi)bidding?bidi?n.命令；吩咐；出價；投標(biāo)todobsbidding服從fascinating/?f?sineiti?/adj.極有的；迷人TheAswanDam,forexample,stoppedtheNilefloodingbutdeprivedEgyptofthefertilesiltthatfloodsleft—allinreturnforagiantreservoirofdiseasewhichisnowsofullofsiltthatitbarelygenerateselectricity.deprive/di?praiv/v.；使喪失fertile?f?:tailadj.肥沃的；富饒的silt/silt/n.泥沙；淤泥inreturnfor作為對reservoir?rez?vwɑ:(r)n.水庫；蓄水池disease/di?zi:z/n.??；疾病barely?be?liadv.幾乎不；幾乎沒有；僅僅generate/?d?en?reit/v,產(chǎn)生；引起electricityi?lek?tris?tin你需要知道：which引導(dǎo)的定語從句修飾reservoir，且該從句中又嵌套了一個狀語譯文：以阿斯旺大壩為例，它了尼羅河洪水泛濫，但也使埃及失去了洪水沖擊過后留下的肥沃淤泥——這一切換回來的是一座巨大的“疾病庫”(水庫)，現(xiàn)在它已積滿淤泥，以至于幾乎無法發(fā)電。Whatishardertoestablishiswhethertheproductivityrevolutionthatbusinessmenassumetheyarepresidin erisforreal.establishi?st?bli?v.確定；證實(shí)；建立；創(chuàng)立productivity/?pr?d?k?tiv?ti/n.生產(chǎn)率revolution/?rev??lu:?n/n.；assume??sju:mvpresideoversth.掌管；主持（尤指正式會議或?qū)徟校㏕hetroubleisthatpartoftherecentaccelerationisduetotheusualreboundthatoccursatthispointinabusinesscycle,andsoisnotconclusiveevidenceofarevivalintheunderlyingtrend.acceleration?k?sel??rei?nn.加速；加快rebound/ri?baund/n.反彈；復(fù)興conclusivek?n?klu:sivadj.確鑿的revival/ri?vaivl/n.復(fù)蘇underlying??nd??laii?adj點(diǎn)通常會出現(xiàn)反彈造成的，因而它不是經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇已經(jīng)是潛在趨勢的確鑿。Newwaysoforganizingtheworkplace—allthatre-engineeringand—areonlyonecontributiontotheoverallproductivityofaneconomy,whichisdrivenbymanyotherfactorssuchasjointinvestmentinequipmentandmachinery,newtechnology,andinvestmentineducationandtraining.re-engineering/ri:?end?i?ni?ri?/n.重劃downsizing/?daunsaizi?/n.精簡；縮小規(guī)模contribution/?k?ntri?bju:?n/n.貢獻(xiàn)；促成作用overall??uv?r??:ladj.全面的；綜合的；總體的joint/d??int/adj.聯(lián)合的machinerym???i:n?rin譯文：企業(yè)組織的新方法——所有那些諸如重劃和精簡規(guī)模等的做法——只是推動某一經(jīng)濟(jì)整體生產(chǎn)力發(fā)展的因一，而生產(chǎn)力的發(fā)展還受到許多其它因素的Hiscolleague,MichaelBeer,saysthatfartoomanycompanieshaveappliedre-engineeringinamechanisticfashion,chopoutcostswithoutgivingsufficientthoughttolong-termprofitability.mechanistic/?mek??nistik/adj.機(jī)械的ina...fashion以 chopout減少；削減sufficient/s??fi?nt/adj.足夠的；充足的profitability/?pr?fit??bil?ti/n.能力；收益性Defendersofsciencehavealsovoicedtheirconcernsatmeetingssuchas“TheFlightfromScienceandReason,”heldinNewYorkCityin1995,and“Scienceinof(Mis)information,”whichassembledlastJunenearBuffalo.defenderdi?fend?(r)n.捍衛(wèi)者voice/v?is/v.表達(dá)；吐露assemble??semblv.集合；譯文：科學(xué)的捍衛(wèi)者們也在會議上表達(dá)了他們的擔(dān)憂。比如1995年在紐約舉行的“逃離科學(xué)與理性”會議，以及去年6月在布法羅附近召開的“(偽)信息時代的科Asurveyofnewsstoriesin1996revealsthattheanti-sciencetaghasbeenattachedtomanyothergroupsaswell,fromauthoritieswhoadvocatedtheeliminationofthelastremainingstocksofsmallpoxtoRepublicanswhoadvocateddecreasedfundingforbasicresearch.reveal/ri?vi:l/v.揭示；顯示；透露beattachedto貼在 authority/?:?θ?r?ti/n.；eliminationi?limi?nei??nn.消除；清除smallpox/?sm?:lp?ks/n.天花/?vair?s/n.decreasedi?kri:sv譯文：1996年對的 到倡議削減基礎(chǔ)研究基金的人。Butsurelythatdoesnotmeanenvironmentalistsconcernedaboutuncontrolledindustrialgrowthareanti-science,asanessayinUSNews&WorldReportlastMayseemedtosuggest.environmentalistin?vair?n?ment?listn.環(huán)境保護(hù)論者；環(huán)保主義者industrial/in?d?stri?l/adj.工業(yè)的；產(chǎn)業(yè)的科學(xué)的，而在去年五月份登在《和世界》上的一篇文章似乎暗示是Thetrueenemiesofscience,arguesPaulEhrlichofStanfordUniversity,apioneerofenvironmentalstudies,arethosewhoquestiontheevidencesupportingglobalwarming,thedepletionoftheozonelayerandotherconsequencesofindustrialpioneer?pai??ni?(r)n.先鋒；先驅(qū)；先行者depletion/di?pli???n/n.減少；減小ozonelayer臭氧層些對證明全球變暖、臭氧層耗竭和其他工業(yè)增長的提出質(zhì)疑的人。Theyhaveincommononlyonethingthattheytendtoannoyorthreatenthosewhoregardthemselvesasmoreenlightened.enlightenedin?laitndadj.有見識的；開明的；文明的havesth.incommon有共同之處thingincommon.Emergingfromthe1980censusisthepictureofanationdevelomoreandmoreregionalcompetition,aspopulationgrowthintheNortheastandMidwestreachesanearstandstill.emergingfrom呈現(xiàn)；從 顯census?sens?sn.人口普查；人口regional/?ri:d??nl/adj.地區(qū)的；區(qū)域的standstill/?st?ndstil/n.停止；停滯thepictureof（作定語，其中nation后面的現(xiàn)在分詞develo作后置定語修飾nation,相當(dāng)于whichastandstill（關(guān)于倒裝，可在資料區(qū)相關(guān)文檔。）Thisdevelopment—anditsstrongimplicationsforUSpoliticsandeconomyinyearsahead—hasenthronedtheSouthasAmerica’smostdenselypopulatedregionforthefirsttimeinthehistoryofthenation’sheadcounting.implication?impli?kei?nn.可能的影響(或作用、結(jié)果)inyearsahead今后一些年里enthrone/in?θr?un/v.使；使即位densely/'densli/adv.稠密地；密集地headcounting人口在人口普查史上首次成為人口最密集區(qū)。activityknowntogeologistsashotscattered?sk?t?dadj.分散的；零散的isolated?ais?leitidadj.孤立的；孤獨(dú)的volcanicv?l?k?nikadj.火山的；火山引起的geologist/d?i??l?d?ist/n.地質(zhì)學(xué)家hotspot熱點(diǎn)你需要知道：句子主語regions還帶有一個介詞短語ofisolatedvolcanicactivity和過去分詞短語knowntogeologistsashotspots作后置定語，使得主語部分較長，scatteredaroundtheglobe照正常語序句子主干應(yīng)該Morethan100smallregionsofisolatedvolcanicactivityknowntogeologistsashotspotsarescatteredaroundtheglobe。Thecomplementarycoastlinesandcertaingeologicalfeaturesthatseemspantheoceanareremindersofwherethetwocontinentswereoncecomplementary/?k?mpli?mentri/adj.互補(bǔ)的；補(bǔ)充的coastline?k?ustlainn.海岸線；海岸地形；沿海地帶geological/?d?i:??l?d?ikl/adj.地質(zhì)的；地質(zhì)學(xué)的spansp?nvreminderri?maind?(r)n.提醒人的事物；引起回憶的事物continent/?k?ntin?nt/n.大陸；陸地；洲譯文：互相吻合的海岸線和某些似乎大洋的地質(zhì)特征會提醒人們這兩個大陸Asthedomegrows,itdevelopsdeepfissures(cracks);inatleastafewcasesthecontinentmaybreakentirelyalongsomeofthesefissures,sothatthehotspotinitiatestheformationofanewocean.domed?umn.穹頂；圓頂狀物fissure/?fi??(r)/n.裂縫；裂隙crackkr?kninitiate/i?ni?ieit/v.開始；發(fā)起formationf?:?mei?nn你需要知道的：that一般是結(jié)果狀語從句，翻譯成“如此...以致于”sothat連起來一般是目的狀語，翻譯成“以便于”“目的是”。但是請大家注意，otht也可以引導(dǎo)表示結(jié)果的狀語從句，作“因此”、“以致”、“所以”（tt更強(qiáng)調(diào)程度）Hespokeclearly,sothateverybodyunderstood他講得很清楚，所以大家都聽懂了（直接翻譯成“所以因此“以致Hespokesoclearlythateverybodyunderstoodsothat能會沿著其中的一些裂縫完全裂開，因此該熱點(diǎn)就會一個新海洋的形成。Feelingthreatened,companiesrespondedbywritingever-longerwarninglabels,tryingtoanticipateeverypossibleaccident.threatened/?θret?nd/adj.受到的ever-longeradj.越來越長的warning?w??n??n.警告；警示label/?le?b(?)l/n.；商標(biāo)anticipate?n?t?s?pe?tvInthepastyear,however,softwarecompanieshavedevelopedtoolsthatallowcompaniestopush”informationdirectlyouttoconsumers,transmittingmarketingmessagesdirectlytoedcustomers.pushsth.tosb.把某物強(qiáng)行給transmittr?ns?mitv.傳輸；marketing/?mɑ:kiti?/n.；銷ed?tɑ:ɡitidadj直接將信息傳送給目標(biāo)客戶。Itisnotsimplytoraiseeveryone’sjobprospectsthatallchildrenarelegallyrequiredtoattendschoolintotheirteens.不要當(dāng)成Itissimpletodosth.，勿將todo當(dāng)成真正主語。it作形式主語，that引導(dǎo)的從句thatallchildrenarelegallyrequiredtoattendschoolintotheirteens作為真正的主語。WehaveacertainconceptionoftheAmericancitizen,acharacterwhoispleteifhecannotcompetentlyassesshowhislivelihoodandhappinessareaffectedbythingsoutsideofconception/k?n?sep?n/n.概念；構(gòu)思；設(shè)想competently?k?mpit?ntliadv.恰當(dāng)?shù)兀环Q職地；勝任地assess/??ses/v.評價；評定livelihood?laivlihudnWehaveacertainconceptionoftheAmericancitizen，atheAmericancitizenwhoifassess But,forasmallgroupofstudents,professionaltrainingmightbethewaytogosincewell-developedskills,allotherfactorsbeingequal,canbethedifferencebetweenhavingajobandnot.立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，想了解的內(nèi)容請看語法第五節(jié)課后半段。Declaringthathewasopposedtousingthisunusualanimalhusbandrytechniquetoclone（克?。﹉umans,heorderedthatfederalfundsnotbeusedforsuchanexperiment—althoughnoonehadproposedtodoso—andaskedanindependentpanelofexpertschairedbyPrincetonHaroldShapirotoreportbacktotheWhiteHousein90dayswith mendationsforanationalpolicyonhumancloning.declaredi?kle?(rv.宣布；表明beopposedtohusbandry/?h?zb?ndri/n.農(nóng)牧業(yè)federal/?fed?r?l/adj. panel?p?nl chair/t?e?(r)/v.擔(dān)任(會議、討論等的)；主持(會議、討論等)mendation/?rek?men?dei?n/n.建議；提議；推薦譯文：他利用這種不尋常的畜牧業(yè)技術(shù)去克隆人類，哈羅德·夏皮羅為首的獨(dú)立小組，在90天內(nèi)就有關(guān)克隆人的國家政策問題上給Becausecurrentfederallawalreadyforbidstheuseoffederalfundstocreateembryos(theearlieststageofhumanoffspringbeforebirth)forresearchortoknowinglyendangeranembryo’slife,NBACwillremainsilentonembryofederal/?fed?r?l/adj. federalfundsembryo/?embri?u/n.胚胎；胚offspring/??fspri?/n.后代；；幼崽knowingly?n?ui?liadv.故意地；蓄意地remainsilenton在方面譯文：因?yàn)楝F(xiàn)行的法律已經(jīng)將基金用于制造胚胎以用于研究（人類后代出生前的最早階段）NBACScience,inpractice,dependsfarlessontheexperimentsitpreparesthanonpreparednessofthemindsofthemenwhowatchtheinpractice實(shí)際上preparednesspri?pe?ridn?snfarlessonthanonThefactthattheapplefelldowntowardtheearthandnotupintothetreeansweredthequestionhehadbeenaskinghimselfaboutthoselargerfruitsoftheheavens,themoonandtheplanets.hehadbeenaskinghimselfaboutthoselargerfruitsoftheheavens,themoonandtheplanets.是question的定語從句，前面省略了連接詞that。以下情況that(1that(2thatItisentirelyreasonableforauditorstobelievethatscientistswhoknowexactlywheretheyaregoingandhowtheywillgetthereshouldnotbedistractedbythenecessityofkeeoneeyeonthecashregisterwhiletheothereyeisontheauditor/??:dit?(r)/n.審計(jì)員distractdi?str?ktv.使分心；分散keepeyeson關(guān)注cashregister收銀機(jī)microscope?maikr?sk?upnItisforsbtodosth，it，todobelievethatWhentheUnitedStatesenteredjustsuchaglowingperiodafteroftheSecondWorldWar,ithadamarketeighttimeslargerthananycompetitor,givingitsindustriesunparalleledeconomiesofscale.glowing?ɡl?ui?adjunparalleled?n'p?r?leldadj.無比的；無雙的；空前的；絕無僅有的scale/skeil/n.規(guī)模；范圍；程度你需要知道：eighttimeslargerthananycompetitoramarket于...whichiseighttimeslargerthananycompetitor。Forawhileitlookedasthoughthemakingofsemiconductors,whichAmericahadinventedandwhichsatattheheartofthenewcomputerage,wasgoingtobethenextcasualty.asthough好像；似乎semiconductor?semik?n?d?kt?(r)n.半導(dǎo)體casualty/?k??u?lti/n.受害者句子主干是：itlookedasthoughThegrandmediocrityoftoday—everyonebeingthesameinsurvivalandnumberofoffspring—meansthatnaturalselectionhaslost80%ofitspowerinupper-middle-classcomparedtothetribes.grandɡr?ndadj.大規(guī)模的；壯麗的；重大的mediocrity/?mi:di??kr?ti/n.平庸；普通；平常offspring/??fspri?/n.孩子；；后upper-middle-class中上階層compareto與……相比tribe/traib/n.部落；(尤指同一職業(yè)的)一伙(人),一幫(人),一類(人) 中上階層已經(jīng)失去了80％的效能。Darwinhadaphrasetodescribethoseignorantofevolution:they“l(fā)ookatanorganicbeingasasavagelooksataship,asatsomethingwhollybeyondhis”ignorant?iɡn?r?ntadj.(beignorantof對...無知)evolution?i:v??lu:?nnorganic/?:?ɡ?nik/adj.有機(jī)的；有機(jī)物的；的being/?bi:i?/n.存在；生物savage?s?vid?n.野蠻人；未開化的人wholly/?h?ulli/adv.完全地；全部地Darwinhadaphrase.asasavagelooksataship為方式狀語從句，意為“如同野蠻人看到船”,asatsomethingwhollybeyondhiscomprehension為方式狀語，意為“好像某種完同野人看船，好像某種完全超出其理解力的東西”。們“看有機(jī)生命體如同野人看船，好像某種完全超出其理解力的東西”Whenanewmovementinartattainsacertainfashion,itisadvisabletofindoutwhatitsadvocatesareaimingat,for,howeverfarfetchedandunreasonabletheirprinciplesmayseemtoday,itispossiblethatinyearstocometheymayberegardedasnormal.movement/?mu:vm?nt/n.運(yùn)動attain/??tein/v.獲得；得到；達(dá)到advisable?d?vaiz?bladjadvocate/??dv?k?t/n.提倡者；擁護(hù)者；支持者v.提倡；擁護(hù)；支持farfetched'fa:'fet?tadj.牽強(qiáng)的；難以置信的inyearstocome將來beregardedas被視為你需要知道：注意!賓語一般在介詞或動詞之后，也就是“介賓”或者“動賓”，whattsadvocatesareaimingt就是dtWithregardtoFuturistpoetry,however,thecaseisratherdifficult,forwhateverFuturistpoetrymaybe—evenadmittingthatthetheoryonwhichitisbasedmayberight—itcanhardlybeclassedasLiterature.withregardto關(guān)于futurist/?fju?t??r?st/n.未來派作家;未來派藝術(shù)家class/klɑ?s;kl?s/v.分類；把…歸類為你需要知道：“foritcanhardlybeclassedasLiterature.”forwhateverwhatevernomatterwhatThecomingofageofthepostwarbabyboomandanentryofwomenintothealreadyquestioningtheheavy alsacrificesinvolvedinclimbingJapan’ingofage成年；成人babyboom；entry/?entri/n.進(jìn)入；參與；加入dominate?d?mineitv.支配；控制question/?kwest??n/v.提問；懷疑sacrifice?s?krifaisninvolvedin涉及；包含 rigid?rid?idadj.嚴(yán)格的；僵硬的ladder/?l?d?(r)/n.梯子；階梯譯文：戰(zhàn)后一代進(jìn)入職業(yè)黃金期”以及“女性進(jìn)入主導(dǎo)的就業(yè)市場”攀登等級森嚴(yán)的社會階梯所付出的沉重的個人犧牲（是否值得。LastyearMitsuoSetoyama,whowastheneducationminister,raisedeyebrowswhenhearguedthatliberalreformsintroducedbytheAmericanoccupationauthoritiesafterWorldWarIIhadweakenedthe“Japanesemoralityofrespectfortheneenadj.then在這里是形容詞，修飾educationeducationminister教育部長raiseeyebrow引起憤慨；使人們liberal?lib?r?ladj.reform/ri?f?:m/roduce?intr??dju:sv.推行；實(shí)施；采用occupation/??kju?pei?n/n.工作；職業(yè)authority/?:?θ?r?ti/n.；權(quán)weaken?wi:k?nvmorality/m??r?l?ti/n.道德；道德準(zhǔn)則后由占領(lǐng)引進(jìn)的自由削弱了“ Shipperswhofeeltheyarebeinerchargedhavetherighttoappealtothefederalernment’sSurfaceTransportationBoardforraterelief,buttheprocessisexpensive,time-consuming,andwillworkonlyintrulyextremecases.overcharge/??uv??t?ɑ:d?/v.多收( appealto上訴；呼吁；要求；對…有federal/?fed?r?l/adj.制的reliefri?li:fntime-consumingadj.費(fèi)時的；耗時間的extreme/ik?stri:m/adj.的case/keis/n.具體情況；事例；實(shí)例譯文：如果托運(yùn)商覺得被索價過高，他們上訴到 Witheconomicgrowthhascomecentralization;fully76percentofJapan’s119millioncitizensliveincitieswherecommunityandtheextendedfamilyhavebeenabandonedinfavorofisolated,two-generationhouseholds.centralization/?sentr?la?'ze??n/n.集中化；管extended?k'stend?dadj.延伸的；擴(kuò)大的；長期的；廣大的abandon/?'b?nd(?)n/v.遺棄；放棄infavorof為獲得（更好或更需要的事物isolatea?s?le?t?dadj.孤立的；分離的；單獨(dú)的generation/d?en?'re??(?)n/n.一代人household?haush?uldn你需要知道：關(guān)于分句1，通常情況下，表示方位的介詞短語提前，為了強(qiáng)調(diào)，可以使用倒裝。此句中“隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)增長”with介詞短語前置，是伴隨狀語，仍用的人城市，這里社區(qū)生活和幾代同堂的大家庭已成為過去，取而代之的是單Ifambitionistobewellregarded,therewardsofambition—wealth,distinction,controloverone’sdestiny—mustbedeemedworthyofthesacrificesmadeonambition’sbehalf.ambition/?m'b??(?)n/n.野心，雄心；抱負(fù)，志向distinctiond?'st??(k)?(?)nn.榮譽(yù)；優(yōu)秀；差別；特質(zhì)deem/di?m/v.認(rèn)為，視作；相信behalfb?'hɑ?f/n.代表；利益你需要知道：Worthyofthesacrifices作主語補(bǔ)足語，原句還原為主動是wemustdeemtherewardsofambitionworthyofthesacrifices，主動語態(tài)下worthyofthesacrifices是賓語therewardsofambition補(bǔ)足語，變?yōu)檎Z態(tài)后，therewardsofambition是主語，因此worthyofthesacrifices為主語補(bǔ)足語。Ifthetraditionofambitionistohavevitality,itmustbewidelyshared;anditespeciallymustbehighlyregardedbypeoplewhoarethemselvesadmired,theeducatednotleastamongthem.vitality/vai?t?l?ti/n.生命力；；熱情widely?waidli/adv.普遍地；廣泛地；范圍廣地admire/?d?mai?(r)/v.欽佩；贊賞；仰慕notleast尤其；相當(dāng)重要地Whathashappenedisthatpeoplecannotconfessfullytotheirdreams,aseasilyandopenlyasoncetheycould,lesttheybethoughtpushing,acquisitiveandvulgar.confess/k?n'fes/v.承認(rèn)；坦白；；供lest/lest/conj.以免（后面通常接虛擬語氣）pushing/'p????/adj.奮斗的；莽撞的；有精力的；富有進(jìn)取心的acquisitive?'kw?z?t?vadj.貪得的；想獲得的；可學(xué)到的；有獲得可能性的vulgar/'v?lg?/adj.粗俗的；通俗的；本土的恐別人認(rèn)為自己急功近利、貪得無厭、庸俗。Wearetreatedtofinehypocriticalspectacles,whichnowmorethaneverseeminamplesupply:thecriticofAmericanmaterialismwithaSouthamptonsummerhome;thepublisherofradicalbookswhotakeshismealsinthree-starrestaurants;thejournalistadvocatingparticipatorydemocracyinallphasesoflife,whoseownchildrenareenrolledinprivateschools.treatsbtosth用...來招待spectacle/?spekt?kl/n.情景；景象ample?mp(?)l/adj.豐富的；足夠的；寬敞的supply/s?'pla?/n.供給，補(bǔ)給；供應(yīng)品materialismm?'t??r??l?z(?)mn.唯物主義；唯物論；物質(zhì)主義publisher/'p?bl???/n.者，商；人radical/'r?d?k(?)l/adj.激進(jìn)的；根本的；徹底的advocate/'?dv?ke?t/vt.提倡，主張，擁護(hù) 的；吸引參與democracy/d?'m?kr?s?/n.， 主義；政phasefe?z/n段施行參與式制的 卻把自己的送進(jìn)私立學(xué)校。Thetrendwasnaturallymostobviousinthoseareasofsciencebasedespeciallyonamathematicalorlaboratorytraining,andcanbeillustratedintermsofthedevelopmentofgeologyintheUnitedKingdom.trend/trend/n.趨勢；趨向obvious/??bvi?s/adj.明顯的；顯然的mathematical?m?θ??m?tikladj.數(shù)學(xué)的laboratory/l??b?r?tri/n.illustrate?il?streit/vintermsof在…方面，就…來說；關(guān)于…；從…角度geology/d?i??l?d?i/n.地質(zhì)學(xué)AcomparisonofBritishgeologicalpublicationsoverthelastcenturyandahalfrevealsnotsimplyanincreasingemphasisontheprimacyofresearch,parison/k?m?p?risn/n.比較geological/d?l?d?l/adj.地質(zhì)的publication/?p?bli?kei?n/n.；物；reveal/ri?vi:l/v.揭示；顯示emphasis/?emf?sis/n.強(qiáng)調(diào)；重視primacy/?praim?si/n.首要；constitute/?k?nstitju:t/v.組成；構(gòu)成acceptable?k?sept?bladj.認(rèn)同的；認(rèn)可的譯文：把英國最近一個半世紀(jì)的地質(zhì)學(xué)作一比較會發(fā)現(xiàn)；不僅科研為本越來越受到重視，而且判定科研是否可接受的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)也在不斷變化。Theoverallresulthasbeentomakeentrancetoprofessionalgeologicaljournalsharderforamateurs,aresultthathasbeenreinforcedbythewidespreadintroductionofrefereeing,firstbynationaljournalsinthenineteenthcenturyandthenbyseverallocalgeologicaljournalsinthetwentiethcentury.overall/??uv?r??:l/adj.總體的entrance/?entr?ns/n.；進(jìn)入權(quán)professionalpr??fe??nladj.journal/?d??:nl/n.(某學(xué)科或?qū)I(yè)的)報(bào)紙；；雜志amateur/??m?t?(r)/n.業(yè)余者reinforce/?ri:in?f?:s/v.加強(qiáng)；充實(shí)；加固；使更結(jié)實(shí)widespread?waidspredadj.分布廣的；普遍的；廣泛的referee/?ref??ri:/v.審閱；鑒定你需要知道：該句后半段請參考第七個長難句（對比看看是否是同一個考點(diǎn)哦~譯文：總體的結(jié)果是，業(yè)余更難以在專業(yè)地質(zhì)上文章。且這一結(jié)果更由于評審制度的廣泛采用而得以鞏固，該制度最初是在19世紀(jì)時被國家級采用，隨后20世紀(jì)時被數(shù)家地方地質(zhì)學(xué)采用。Arathersimilarprocessofdifferentiationhasledtoprofessionalgeologistscomingtogethernationallywithinoneortwospecificsocieties,whereastheamateurshavetendedeithertoremaininlocalsocietiesortocometogethernationallyinadifferentway.rather?rɑ:e?(r)advdifferentiation??ren?’e?nn.區(qū)別，不同leadto致使；導(dǎo)致geologist/d?i??l?d?ist/n.地質(zhì)學(xué)家specific/sp??sifik/adj.明確的；具體的whereas?we?r??zconj.然而；但是；盡管amateurs/??m?t?(r)/n.業(yè)余者tendto往往會譯文：一種非常類似的分化過程使專業(yè)地質(zhì)學(xué)家起來，形成一兩個性的團(tuán)AstheInternet esmoreandmorecommercialized,itisintheinterestofbusinesstouniversalizeaccess—afterall,themorepeopleonline,themorepotentialcustomerstheremercializek??m?:??laizvuniversalize,ju:ni'v?:s?laizv.使普遍化；使一般化access/??kses/n.進(jìn)入；使用權(quán)；通路afterall畢竟；終究potentialp??ten?ladj你需要知道：themore...themore.eg：Themoreshelearnsthemoreshewantstolearn.她越學(xué)越想學(xué)Totakeadvantageofthistool,someimpoverishedcountrieswillhavetogetovertheiroutdatedanti-colonialprejudiceswithrespecttoforeigninvestment.takeadvantageof利用；使用impoverishedim?p?v?ri?tadj.赤貧的；貧乏的；貧瘠的getover克服；解決colonial/k??l?uni?l/adj.殖民的；殖家的prejudice/?pred?udis/n.偏見；成見withrespectto關(guān)于；至于；就...而言時的反殖義偏見。Countriesthatstillthinkforeigninvestmentisaninvasionoftheirsovereigntymightwellstudythehistoryofinfrastructure(thebasicstructuralfoundationsofasociety)intheUnitedStates.invasion/in?vei?n/n.sovereignty?s?vr?ntin.主權(quán)mightwell不妨；或以；很可infrastructure?infr?str?kt??(r)n.基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施foundation/faun?dei?n/n.基礎(chǔ)Thereexistsasocialandculturaldisconnectbetweenjournalistsandtheirreaders,whichhelpsexplainwhythe“standardmpe”ofthenewsroomseemalientomanyreaders.existiɡ?zistvdisconnect?disk??nektn.分離；脫離template/?templeit/n.樣板；模板alien/?eili?n/adj.陌生的；不熟悉nwhichhelpdohelpsb.do或者letsbdodo實(shí)質(zhì)上都是不定式todo省略totoRepliesshowthatcomparedwithotherAmericans,journalistsaremorelikelytoliveinupscaleneighborhoods,havemaids,ownMercedeses,andtradestocks,andthey’relesslikelytogotochurch,dovolunteerwork,orputdownrootsinalikely?laikliadjupscale??p?skeiladj.高檔的；高級的tradestocks炒股putdownrootsin于；扎根于belikelytodosth.有可能做某事。likely在這個句子中，isready（做賓語。本句中大家知道belikelytodosth.這個固定搭配就好了，對這類特例謂語不需掌握。Thisphenomenonhascreatedseriousconcernsovertheroleofsmallereconomicfirms,ofnationalbusinessmenandovertheultimatestabilityoftheworldphenomenon/f??n?min?nn.現(xiàn)象(復(fù)數(shù)：phenomenain?concern/k?n?s?:n/n.擔(dān)心,憂慮ultimate/??ltim?t/adj.根本的；最終的stabilityst??bil?tin.穩(wěn)定(性)；穩(wěn)固(性)IbelievethatthemostimportantforcesbehindthemassiveM&Awavearethesamethatunderlietheglobalizationprocess:fallingtransportationandcommunicationcosts,lowertradeandinvestmentbarriersandenlargedmarketsthatrequireenlargedoperationscapableofmeetingcustomer’sdemands.forcef?:sn.影響大的人或事物；力量massive/?m?siv/adj.巨大的underlie??nd??laiv.構(gòu)成…的基礎(chǔ)；作為…的原因globalizationn.全球化,全世界化barrier/?b?ri?(r)/n.；阻力enlarge/in?lɑ:d?/v.擴(kuò)大；擴(kuò)充；擴(kuò)展operations??p??rei?nn.經(jīng)營；業(yè)務(wù)；行動；手術(shù)capable/?keip?bl/adj.有能力的becapableofsth./ofngsth.有能力做某demand/di?mɑ:nd/n.&v.要求Alateralmovethathurtmyprideandblockedmyprofessionalprogresspromptedmetoabandonmyrelativelyhighprofilecareeralthough,inthemannerofadisgracedernmentminister,Icoveredmyexitbyclaiming“Iwantedtospendmoretimewithmyfamily”.lateral/?l?t?r?ladj.側(cè)面的；橫向的lateralmove平級調(diào)動pride/praidn.自豪；驕傲