英語-unit2text a s and sentences p下文對性別平等、減輕貧困以及環(huán)境可持續(xù)性三者協(xié)同作用與婦女貧

W

d d

sentencesittals

ofsusta

amon可持續(xù)源短缺、生態(tài)創(chuàng)造出可持續(xù)的生存方式等問題。Synergy

共同作用,合力,協(xié)力l

examples

of

synergyThe

synergybetween

nature

and

people……Unit

2Gender

poverty

and

environmentAlleviation

減輕,緩和What

does

she

want

to

do?Pain

alleviationTo

alleviate

the

painAlleviation

of

the

debtsTo

alleviate

the

debtsPoverty

alleviationTo

alleviate

povertydeforestationThis

stimulated

efforts

to

promote

afforestationand

design

more

fuel-efficient

stoves.由此，激發(fā)了人們的努力進行植樹造林、設(shè)計燃燒效果更高的爐灶Funding

petered

out,

…v.慢慢

，耗盡the

investment

petered

out.Donations

peter

out.The coverage

peters

out.Women

tend

to

undervalue

their

own

health,leading

to

under-reporting

of

problems.婦女有輕視自己的健康狀況的傾向從而導致（毒氣影響健康的）問題沒有得到充分的Some

blue

chip

stocks

are

undervalued.Displacement:被迫遷徙DisplaceThe

American ns

are

displaced.g婦而Discriminatory

inheritance

andlaws

restrict

women’s

ability

tosecurity

for

the

family,

and

tocollateral.有

的繼承法和

擁有法限制了的能力，也限制了她們利用土地作為抵押Inheritance

遺傳,遺產(chǎn)List

your

genetic

inheritanceEye

color,

height,

in

ligence…List

the

inheritance

of

the

Chinese

raceLiterature,

architecture……繼承爵位。inherit

thetitleHeir

to

the

throneCollateral

擔保品,抵押品How

can

you

get

a

loan

from

the

bank?By

put

up/

offer al

assets

ascollateral.What

can

you

offer

as

collateral?Gender-differentiated

local

knowledge

systems

play

a

decisiverole

in

conservingmanaging

and

improving

geneticresourcesfo和男改d

Lack

of

access

to

clean

potable

water

has

been

recognized

as

a

factorincreasing

women’s

work

burdens

in

those

parts

of

the

world

where

theyare

responsiblefor

collecting

water

for

basic

needs

like

cooking,

cleaning

and

hygiene.在世界上的一些地方，由于缺乏獲得滿足烹飪、清潔和衛(wèi)生的需要，這也食品衛(wèi)生food

hygiene個人衛(wèi)生al

hygiene.School

of

HygieneHygiene

standardstheir

daily

caloric發(fā)熱量;熱值caloric

value低熱量飲食/飲料a

low-calorie

/

calory

diet/drinkLack

of

clean

wwaterborne

disemajor

causes

o

潔凈水的缺乏是的原因之一。Waterborne

ad水路交通waterborne

tra水路貿(mào)易waterborne

trade水上觀光游a

waterborne

safariProlapseFlesh

and

skinCarrying

heavy

water

over

long

distances

duringpregnancy

canresult

in

premature

births,

prolapsed

uterus

or

backinjuries.婦女在懷孕期間頭頂重水罐，步行長距離會引起早產(chǎn)， 下垂，或背部受傷。premature

aging

of

the

brain.大腦過早衰老premature

decision草率的決定UterusWho

can

have

uterus

tumors?In

eastern

Tanzania,

urinary

schistosomdisease,

was

most

common

among

boygirls

and

women

between s

of

1在坦桑尼亞東部，一種與水有關(guān)的疾病—孩中非常普遍，在10到40歲的少女或遍。a

urinary

infectionThese

tests yze

hormones

in

urine.這類檢測分析尿液中的

。urinategirls,

it

whing

clotsted

wats卻站與她們Infest

大批出沒于;侵擾;騷擾The

room

is

infested

with

mosquitoes.Vermin

infest

the

plants.不叮無縫蛋。Flies

neverinfest

an

egg

without

cracks.Infest

infectGo

away,I

don't

want

to you

with

my

cold.infectUnclean

water

and

untreated

sewage

are

responsible

for

thespread

of

waterborne

diseases

suchas

cholera

and

intestinalparasites.Cholera:霍亂[‘k?l?r?]an

outbreak

ofcholera霍亂突然蔓延a

cholera

epidemic霍亂流行intestinal

:a.腸的the

intestinal

wall腸壁intestinal

bacteria.腸道細菌IntestineclogCan

youeat

a

lot

of

raw

fish?NO.

Parasites

infest

the

raw

fish.What

do

you

have

to

make

sure

when

you

eatsea

food?Kill

the

parasites.Anyone

who

thrived,

he

noted,

would

ea for

parasites

like

the

Smiths.Chemical

toxins

and

heavy

metals

from

industrialr d

di

i s

fnsctsateDioxin

n.[化]二氧(雜)芑,incineration

n.燒成灰,焚化廠waste

incineration

plantscted

to

increase

the

burden

ofallowere

c而氣Vector:帶菌者List

vectorsAge

and

gender

may

exacerbate

this

risk.Exacerbate

,加重Deforestation

is

exacerbated.Economic

recession

is

exacerbated.During

pregnancy,

it

can

cause

severe

anemia,

and

it

canalso

harm

the

fetus,

increasing

the

chances

of

abortion,premature

birth,

stillbirth,

intrauterine

growth

retardationand

low

infant

birth

weight.在懷孕期間，瘧疾能引起嚴重的貧血，危及的生命，增加、早產(chǎn)、死胎、內(nèi)發(fā)育阻滯以及出生時體重不足的幾率。How

to

take

care

of a

fetus?What

will

lead

to

stillbirth?Hereditary

reasonsThe

pregnant

woman

has

diabetes,high

blood

pressure, so

the

fetus

does

nothave

adequate

supply

of

oxygen

or

nutrients.The

water

broke.InfectionDystocia(難產(chǎn)）…IntrauterineUterusUterineWhat

does

intrauterine

infection

mean

for

the

fetus

Growth

retardation,

premature

birth,

stillbirth……During

pregnancy,

italso

harm

the

fetuspremature

birth,

stiland

low

infant

birth

w在懷孕期間，瘧疾命，增加、早及出生時體重retardation

n.智力遲鈍,阻Who

doyou

know

about

FG?He

has

mental

retardation.He

is

mentally

retarded.Growth

retardationBe

physically

retardedLack

of

information

among

the

women

on

howthe

disease

is

transmitted

confounds

theproblem

in

many

regions.在許多地方，女性不了解

的

方式，使得問題更加復雜。Confound:

使

;使困惑;是非confound

the

right

and

the

wroIn

this

region,

women

grow

most

of

the

food,and

women’s

agricultural

labor

often

shows

thesigns

of

wider

community

disruption

byV/AIDS.在這個地區(qū)，婦女耕種大部分的糧食作物。婦女病大規(guī)模 的最初跡們的農(nóng)作常常象Disruption:;毀壞There

has

been

a

progressive

shift

frommaize

production

to

less

labor

intensive,

andless

nutritious,

cassava

production

tocompensate

for

the

labor

lost

through

HIV/AIDS.為了彌補

導致的勞動力的喪失，這些地方的糧食生產(chǎn)發(fā)生了極大的變化，由原先種植玉米轉(zhuǎn)向種植營養(yǎng)不豐富但需要更少的勞動力的木薯。Labor-intensiveCapital

intensiveknowledge

intensivecassava

n.

木薯Housing

tenure

patternsdisto也會有條件so城T(教The social

hierarchy

is

based

on

the

tenureofland.基礎(chǔ)上的社會等級制度是建立在土地占A

lecturer

in

the

English

Departmbeen

refused

tenure.英語系一名講師最近未能獲得The

tenure

of

the

USPresidency的 是四年Inequitable

inheritance

practicesinequitable

distribution

of

nationaleelybuisto在災幾康復,修復Anyone

who

is

located

(socially

and/or

spatially)

‘outof

the

loop’of

information d

by

early

warningsystems

is

likely

to

suffer

more

from

disasters.任何人，從社會屬性和空間方位來說，如果他們處在早期的 系統(tǒng)圈外 他們則有可能

的疾患痛苦The

1991

cyclone

in

Bangladesh

resulted

in

a

disproportionatenumber

of

female

dea在1991年的

中數(shù)。disproportionate

:a.不成比例的Women

delayed

leavinin

order

to

avoid

the

impublic.為了避免不合時宜的出的時間List

examples

of

improprietyeThe

full

success

of

forward-looking

strategies

forenvirothree素或者進得完全a

forward-looking

RussianFar-sightedShort-sightedHinge

on

依...而定,以...為轉(zhuǎn)移The

economy

hinges

on

domestic

demand.Life

hinges

on

who

you

meet.at

all

levels

from

grassroots

ton.基層，基層民眾；草根adj.基層的；草根的；ernment.基層織grassroots

party

organization基層grassroots

courts基層grassroots

democracy/Fall

short

of

expectations/

standardsEqualize

educationEqualize

the

eresponsibilitiesIntegrate:

make

into組合Integrate

the

three

regionsIntegrate

the

resourcesWhat

is

the

greatest

problem

for

a

stepfamily?To

be

integrated

into

one.InMexico

theequiv2003在墨ernment

earmarked

thent

of

the

local

budget

inoting

genderequity.當于總

0.85%的用Earmark:

1.打上標志

2.

指定用途Correct

speech

is

an

earmark

of

the

educated

man.正確的談吐是受教育者的特征。This

year,

the

central

treasury

will

earmark

10.6bil

for

povertyalleviation.今年， 安排財政

106億元。g，_“send

two

dollars

or

theequivalent

in

stampsAlthough

such

animals

enjoyedspiritual with

humans,

ancientEgyptians

still

ate

meat

and

put

domesticbeasts

to

work.Your wish

is

the

equivalent

of

a

command.Equivalent: adj.n

beinsomething

相當于，等Equity:being

fair,公平Equality：This

order

will

ensure

_equity

diplomatic

operationsequalityMuch

of

the

work

ongenderhand,

is

framed

by

a

social

squalitative

material,

case

stu[?nek'd?utl]

evidence.另一方面，大部分對、環(huán)該方法地依賴材料的性質(zhì)作為Anecdotal:adj.逸事趣聞countless

anecdotal

reports無數(shù)的八卦消息Anecdotal

evidencesugges傳聞有 表明歐洲的銷售量She

told

us

anecdotes

abou她告訴我有關(guān)這家醫(yī)院及因慮It

is

difficult

enough

to

mainstream

socialconsiderations

within

environmental

work;adding

gendmore

challe把社會因素素是有相當因素而加入Mainstream主流的政治信念mainstream

political

beliefsWord

games1.

pronunciation

train2.

heads-up:Work

in

groups.

one

student

guesses,

theothers

give

cluesCollateralProlapseWaterborneHygieneMainstreamSynergyGrassrootsCaloricStillbirthToxinFetusIntrauterineCassavaIncinerationParasiteIntestinalUterusInfestConfoundrehabilitationTenureDioxinUrinaryVectorIncinerationPeter

outAfforestationAlleviationEarmarkcycloneImproprietyAnecdotalTenureCollateralRetardationIncinerationParasiteInfestRehabilitationSynergyexacerbateItis

not

unusual

for

environmentalists

to

consider

thatattentiontogenderdiver

ergyand

time

away

from

pressing

issues;itis“l(fā)ike

rearranging

the

chairs

on

the

Titanic”,

oneenvironmentalist

was

recently

cited

assaying.環(huán)境保護者認為，對問題予以關(guān)注會占用本該用來解決緊迫問題所需的精力和時間。這種想法并非不正常。一個環(huán)境保護者所說的話最近常被當作格言而，“這如同在泰坦尼克號上把所有的椅子都重新排列一樣”divert

:vt.使轉(zhuǎn)向，使改道；轉(zhuǎn)移(注意力)；They

diverted

the

river

to

supply

water

to

the

town.他們使河流改道以便向城市供水。一陣喧鬧聲轉(zhuǎn)移了

注意力。A

loud

noise

diverted

my

attention.More

words★1.Thedecisiontooptfor

composting混合肥料wasmadelargely

in

order

to

reduce

theneed

for

water

for

flushing

thetoilet.A.

sew B.

sow

C★.

sewage D.

sewn2. product

of

sucha

course

of

evolution

is

an

obligate

that

is

inextricably分不開linked

to

a

particularhost.A.

paradise B.parasitic C.

paraphrase

D★.

parasite3.Thesituationforteacherswithout

varies

according

tothe

circumstances

surrounding

thedismissal.A★.

tenure B.

tent C.

tendency D.

tenured4.Garthdoesn’twork;

hejustlives

offhis

.A.

inheritor B.

inherent C.

inherit

D.inheritance5.It

causes

many

complications,

includingsmall

placenta(胎盤)size, and

low

birth

weight..A.

stillborn

B★.

stillbirth C.

still-life. D.Stillwater6.Themarketwill

goods

that

yield

social

benefitsin

excess

of

private

benefits

and

will

consequentlyproduce

too

few

of

these

goods.A.

undervalue B.

devalue C.

underweight

D.

value7.

The

alert

library

mediaspecialist

will

haverecognized

at

oncethat is,

after

all,

a

kindof

integration.A.

majority B.

maintenance C.

mainstreamingD.mainframe(主機）8.Theyincludeanewwayofcontrolling

diseases,

and

of

administering

drugs

to

people

withchronic

diseases.A.

waterborne B.

water-sick(受澇的）

C.waterbedD.

watercure★★★abortion

earmark

cyclone

incinerationerall

circumstances.collate1r.Ealvenantheecdinoctarel

asiempprroopporiseetyd

wfeiltlupsut

praefsfosruersetaotnioCn

ongress

to

holddown

other

spending or

dip

into

funds

earmarked

for

Social

Security.2.Since

Pain

was

paying

no

attention

to

him,

he

decided

that