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W
d d
sentencesittals
ofsusta
amon可持續(xù)源短缺、生態(tài)創(chuàng)造出可持續(xù)的生存方式等問題。Synergy
共同作用,合力,協(xié)力l
examples
of
synergyThe
synergybetween
nature
and
people……Unit
2Gender
poverty
and
environmentAlleviation
減輕,緩和What
does
she
want
to
do?Pain
alleviationTo
alleviate
the
painAlleviation
of
the
debtsTo
alleviate
the
debtsPoverty
alleviationTo
alleviate
povertydeforestationThis
stimulated
efforts
to
promote
afforestationand
design
more
fuel-efficient
stoves.由此,激發(fā)了人們的努力進行植樹造林、設(shè)計燃燒效果更高的爐灶Funding
petered
out,
…v.慢慢
,耗盡the
investment
petered
out.Donations
peter
out.The coverage
peters
out.Women
tend
to
undervalue
their
own
health,leading
to
under-reporting
of
problems.婦女有輕視自己的健康狀況的傾向從而導致(毒氣影響健康的)問題沒有得到充分的Some
blue
chip
stocks
are
undervalued.Displacement:被迫遷徙DisplaceThe
American ns
are
displaced.g婦而Discriminatory
inheritance
andlaws
restrict
women’s
ability
tosecurity
for
the
family,
and
tocollateral.有
的繼承法和
擁有法限制了的能力,也限制了她們利用土地作為抵押Inheritance
遺傳,遺產(chǎn)List
your
genetic
inheritanceEye
color,
height,
in
ligence…List
the
inheritance
of
the
Chinese
raceLiterature,
architecture……繼承爵位。inherit
thetitleHeir
to
the
throneCollateral
擔保品,抵押品How
can
you
get
a
loan
from
the
bank?By
put
up/
offer al
assets
ascollateral.What
can
you
offer
as
collateral?Gender-differentiated
local
knowledge
systems
play
a
decisiverole
in
conservingmanaging
and
improving
geneticresourcesfo和男改d
Lack
of
access
to
clean
potable
water
has
been
recognized
as
a
factorincreasing
women’s
work
burdens
in
those
parts
of
the
world
where
theyare
responsiblefor
collecting
water
for
basic
needs
like
cooking,
cleaning
and
hygiene.在世界上的一些地方,由于缺乏獲得滿足烹飪、清潔和衛(wèi)生的需要,這也食品衛(wèi)生food
hygiene個人衛(wèi)生al
hygiene.School
of
HygieneHygiene
standardstheir
daily
caloric發(fā)熱量;熱值caloric
value低熱量飲食/飲料a
low-calorie
/
calory
diet/drinkLack
of
clean
wwaterborne
disemajor
causes
o
潔凈水的缺乏是的原因之一。Waterborne
ad水路交通waterborne
tra水路貿(mào)易waterborne
trade水上觀光游a
waterborne
safariProlapseFlesh
and
skinCarrying
heavy
water
over
long
distances
duringpregnancy
canresult
in
premature
births,
prolapsed
uterus
or
backinjuries.婦女在懷孕期間頭頂重水罐,步行長距離會引起早產(chǎn), 下垂,或背部受傷。premature
aging
of
the
brain.大腦過早衰老premature
decision草率的決定UterusWho
can
have
uterus
tumors?In
eastern
Tanzania,
urinary
schistosomdisease,
was
most
common
among
boygirls
and
women
between s
of
1在坦桑尼亞東部,一種與水有關(guān)的疾病—孩中非常普遍,在10到40歲的少女或遍。a
urinary
infectionThese
tests yze
hormones
in
urine.這類檢測分析尿液中的
。urinategirls,
it
whing
clotsted
wats卻站與她們Infest
大批出沒于;侵擾;騷擾The
room
is
infested
with
mosquitoes.Vermin
infest
the
plants.不叮無縫蛋。Flies
neverinfest
an
egg
without
cracks.Infest
infectGo
away,I
don't
want
to you
with
my
cold.infectUnclean
water
and
untreated
sewage
are
responsible
for
thespread
of
waterborne
diseases
suchas
cholera
and
intestinalparasites.Cholera:霍亂[‘k?l?r?]an
outbreak
ofcholera霍亂突然蔓延a
cholera
epidemic霍亂流行intestinal
:a.腸的the
intestinal
wall腸壁intestinal
bacteria.腸道細菌IntestineclogCan
youeat
a
lot
of
raw
fish?NO.
Parasites
infest
the
raw
fish.What
do
you
have
to
make
sure
when
you
eatsea
food?Kill
the
parasites.Anyone
who
thrived,
he
noted,
would
ea for
parasites
like
the
Smiths.Chemical
toxins
and
heavy
metals
from
industrialr d
di
i s
fnsctsateDioxin
n.[化]二氧(雜)芑,incineration
n.燒成灰,焚化廠waste
incineration
plantscted
to
increase
the
burden
ofallowere
c而氣Vector:帶菌者List
vectorsAge
and
gender
may
exacerbate
this
risk.Exacerbate
,加重Deforestation
is
exacerbated.Economic
recession
is
exacerbated.During
pregnancy,
it
can
cause
severe
anemia,
and
it
canalso
harm
the
fetus,
increasing
the
chances
of
abortion,premature
birth,
stillbirth,
intrauterine
growth
retardationand
low
infant
birth
weight.在懷孕期間,瘧疾能引起嚴重的貧血,危及的生命,增加、早產(chǎn)、死胎、內(nèi)發(fā)育阻滯以及出生時體重不足的幾率。How
to
take
care
of a
fetus?What
will
lead
to
stillbirth?Hereditary
reasonsThe
pregnant
woman
has
diabetes,high
blood
pressure, so
the
fetus
does
nothave
adequate
supply
of
oxygen
or
nutrients.The
water
broke.InfectionDystocia(難產(chǎn))…IntrauterineUterusUterineWhat
does
intrauterine
infection
mean
for
the
fetus
Growth
retardation,
premature
birth,
stillbirth……During
pregnancy,
italso
harm
the
fetuspremature
birth,
stiland
low
infant
birth
w在懷孕期間,瘧疾命,增加、早及出生時體重retardation
n.智力遲鈍,阻Who
doyou
know
about
FG?He
has
mental
retardation.He
is
mentally
retarded.Growth
retardationBe
physically
retardedLack
of
information
among
the
women
on
howthe
disease
is
transmitted
confounds
theproblem
in
many
regions.在許多地方,女性不了解
的
方式,使得問題更加復雜。Confound:
使
;使困惑;是非confound
the
right
and
the
wroIn
this
region,
women
grow
most
of
the
food,and
women’s
agricultural
labor
often
shows
thesigns
of
wider
community
disruption
byV/AIDS.在這個地區(qū),婦女耕種大部分的糧食作物。婦女病大規(guī)模 的最初跡們的農(nóng)作常常象Disruption:;毀壞There
has
been
a
progressive
shift
frommaize
production
to
less
labor
intensive,
andless
nutritious,
cassava
production
tocompensate
for
the
labor
lost
through
HIV/AIDS.為了彌補
導致的勞動力的喪失,這些地方的糧食生產(chǎn)發(fā)生了極大的變化,由原先種植玉米轉(zhuǎn)向種植營養(yǎng)不豐富但需要更少的勞動力的木薯。Labor-intensiveCapital
intensiveknowledge
intensivecassava
n.
木薯Housing
tenure
patternsdisto也會有條件so城T(教The social
hierarchy
is
based
on
the
tenureofland.基礎(chǔ)上的社會等級制度是建立在土地占A
lecturer
in
the
English
Departmbeen
refused
tenure.英語系一名講師最近未能獲得The
tenure
of
the
USPresidency的 是四年Inequitable
inheritance
practicesinequitable
distribution
of
nationaleelybuisto在災幾康復,修復Anyone
who
is
located
(socially
and/or
spatially)
‘outof
the
loop’of
information d
by
early
warningsystems
is
likely
to
suffer
more
from
disasters.任何人,從社會屬性和空間方位來說,如果他們處在早期的 系統(tǒng)圈外 他們則有可能
的疾患痛苦The
1991
cyclone
in
Bangladesh
resulted
in
a
disproportionatenumber
of
female
dea在1991年的
中數(shù)。disproportionate
:a.不成比例的Women
delayed
leavinin
order
to
avoid
the
impublic.為了避免不合時宜的出的時間List
examples
of
improprietyeThe
full
success
of
forward-looking
strategies
forenvirothree素或者進得完全a
forward-looking
RussianFar-sightedShort-sightedHinge
on
依...而定,以...為轉(zhuǎn)移The
economy
hinges
on
domestic
demand.Life
hinges
on
who
you
meet.at
all
levels
from
grassroots
ton.基層,基層民眾;草根adj.基層的;草根的;ernment.基層織grassroots
party
organization基層grassroots
courts基層grassroots
democracy/Fall
short
of
expectations/
standardsEqualize
educationEqualize
the
eresponsibilitiesIntegrate:
make
into組合Integrate
the
three
regionsIntegrate
the
resourcesWhat
is
the
greatest
problem
for
a
stepfamily?To
be
integrated
into
one.InMexico
theequiv2003在墨ernment
earmarked
thent
of
the
local
budget
inoting
genderequity.當于總
0.85%的用Earmark:
1.打上標志
2.
指定用途Correct
speech
is
an
earmark
of
the
educated
man.正確的談吐是受教育者的特征。This
year,
the
central
treasury
will
earmark
10.6bil
for
povertyalleviation.今年, 安排財政
106億元。g,_“send
two
dollars
or
theequivalent
in
stampsAlthough
such
animals
enjoyedspiritual with
humans,
ancientEgyptians
still
ate
meat
and
put
domesticbeasts
to
work.Your wish
is
the
equivalent
of
a
command.Equivalent: adj.n
beinsomething
相當于,等Equity:being
fair,公平Equality:This
order
will
ensure
_equity
diplomatic
operationsequalityMuch
of
the
work
ongenderhand,
is
framed
by
a
social
squalitative
material,
case
stu[?nek'd?utl]
evidence.另一方面,大部分對、環(huán)該方法地依賴材料的性質(zhì)作為Anecdotal:adj.逸事趣聞countless
anecdotal
reports無數(shù)的八卦消息Anecdotal
evidencesugges傳聞有 表明歐洲的銷售量She
told
us
anecdotes
abou她告訴我有關(guān)這家醫(yī)院及因慮It
is
difficult
enough
to
mainstream
socialconsiderations
within
environmental
work;adding
gendmore
challe把社會因素素是有相當因素而加入Mainstream主流的政治信念mainstream
political
beliefsWord
games1.
pronunciation
train2.
heads-up:Work
in
groups.
one
student
guesses,
theothers
give
cluesCollateralProlapseWaterborneHygieneMainstreamSynergyGrassrootsCaloricStillbirthToxinFetusIntrauterineCassavaIncinerationParasiteIntestinalUterusInfestConfoundrehabilitationTenureDioxinUrinaryVectorIncinerationPeter
outAfforestationAlleviationEarmarkcycloneImproprietyAnecdotalTenureCollateralRetardationIncinerationParasiteInfestRehabilitationSynergyexacerbateItis
not
unusual
for
environmentalists
to
consider
thatattentiontogenderdiver
ergyand
time
away
from
pressing
issues;itis“l(fā)ike
rearranging
the
chairs
on
the
Titanic”,
oneenvironmentalist
was
recently
cited
assaying.環(huán)境保護者認為,對問題予以關(guān)注會占用本該用來解決緊迫問題所需的精力和時間。這種想法并非不正常。一個環(huán)境保護者所說的話最近常被當作格言而,“這如同在泰坦尼克號上把所有的椅子都重新排列一樣”divert
:vt.使轉(zhuǎn)向,使改道;轉(zhuǎn)移(注意力);They
diverted
the
river
to
supply
water
to
the
town.他們使河流改道以便向城市供水。一陣喧鬧聲轉(zhuǎn)移了
注意力。A
loud
noise
diverted
my
attention.More
words★1.Thedecisiontooptfor
composting混合肥料wasmadelargely
in
order
to
reduce
theneed
for
water
for
flushing
thetoilet.A.
sew B.
sow
C★.
sewage D.
sewn2. product
of
sucha
course
of
evolution
is
an
obligate
that
is
inextricably分不開linked
to
a
particularhost.A.
paradise B.parasitic C.
paraphrase
D★.
parasite3.Thesituationforteacherswithout
varies
according
tothe
circumstances
surrounding
thedismissal.A★.
tenure B.
tent C.
tendency D.
tenured4.Garthdoesn’twork;
hejustlives
offhis
.A.
inheritor B.
inherent C.
inherit
D.inheritance5.It
causes
many
complications,
includingsmall
placenta(胎盤)size, and
low
birth
weight..A.
stillborn
B★.
stillbirth C.
still-life. D.Stillwater6.Themarketwill
goods
that
yield
social
benefitsin
excess
of
private
benefits
and
will
consequentlyproduce
too
few
of
these
goods.A.
undervalue B.
devalue C.
underweight
D.
value7.
The
alert
library
mediaspecialist
will
haverecognized
at
oncethat is,
after
all,
a
kindof
integration.A.
majority B.
maintenance C.
mainstreamingD.mainframe(主機)8.Theyincludeanewwayofcontrolling
diseases,
and
of
administering
drugs
to
people
withchronic
diseases.A.
waterborne B.
water-sick(受澇的)
C.waterbedD.
watercure★★★abortion
earmark
cyclone
incinerationerall
circumstances.collate1r.Ealvenantheecdinoctarel
asiempprroopporiseetyd
wfeiltlupsut
praefsfosruersetaotnioCn
ongress
to
holddown
other
spending or
dip
into
funds
earmarked
for
Social
Security.2.Since
Pain
was
paying
no
attention
to
him,
he
decided
that
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