專業(yè)八級(jí)作文寫作的基本模式

31/31?V．寫作

(Part

VI：Writing)

測試要求：

學(xué)生應(yīng)能根據(jù)所給題目及要求撰寫一篇400詞左右的說明文或議論文。該作文必須語言通順，用詞得體，結(jié)構(gòu)合理，文體恰當(dāng)，具有說服力。

題型：

要求應(yīng)試者按題撰文?？荚嚂r(shí)間為45分鐘。

一般作文要求：?Inthefirstpartofyourwritingyoushouldpresentyourthesisstatement,andinthesecondpartyoushouldsupportthethesisstatementwithappropriatedetails.Inthelastpartyoushouldbringwhatyouhavewrittentoanaturalconclusionwithasummary.2004年真題?Itwasreportedinthepresssometimeagothatafewsecond-andthird-yearstudentsinaprovincialuniversitydecidedtotrytheirhandsatbusinessinordertogetpreparedforthefuture.Theyopenedsixsmallshopsneartheiruniversity.Theirteachersandclassmateshaddifferentopinionsaboutthisphenomenon.Somethoughtthatthestudents’businessexperiencewouldhelpthemadaptbettertosocietyaftergraduation,whileothersheldanegativeview,sayingthatrunningshopsmightoccupytoomuchofthestudents’timeandenergywhichshouldotherwisebedevotedtotheiracademicstudy.Whatdoyouthink?Writeacompositionofabout300wordsonthefollowingtopic:

ShouldUniversityStudentsGoinforBusiness?Inthefirstpartofyourwritingyoushouldstateclearlyyourmainargument,andinthesecondpartyoushouldsupportyourargumentwithappropriatedetails.Inthelastpartyoushouldbrigwhatyouhavewrittentoanaturalconclusionorasummary.Markswillbeawardedforcontent,organization,grammarandappropriateness.Failuretofollowtheaboveinstructionsmayresultinalossofmarks.

2003年真題?Interviewisfrequentlyusedbyemployersasameanstorecruitprospectiveemployees.Asaresult,therehavebeenmanyargumentsfororagainsttheinterviewasaselectionprocedure.Whatisyouropinion?Writeanessayofabout400wordstostateyourview.

Inthefirstpartofyourwritingyoushouldstateyourmainargument,andinthesecondpartyoushouldsupportyourargumentwithappropriatedetails.Inthelastpartyoushouldbringwhatyouhavewrittentoanaturalconclusionormakeasummary.Youshouldsupplyanappropriatetitleforyouressay.

2006年專業(yè)八級(jí)樣文解析?

Ambitionisthedecisiononemakesandtheresolutionwithwhichhecarriesoutthatdecision.Itprovidesuswiththerequireddrivingforcetoaccomplishanyundertakingsinourlife.JustasJosephEpstein,afamousAmericanwriterputit,“Andaswedecideandchoose,soareourlivesformed.”Indeed,oncewemakeupourmindstochoosetodosomething,thenourlifebecomesmeaningfulandspecificallyorientated.Thisnotionoflife,asfarasIobserve,isclosesttotruthanddoesapplytoalmostallaspectsoflife.?

Firstthingsfirst,ambitionrendersusasenseofmission.Nomatterwhatdecisionyoumakeyouhavetoberesponsibleforyourchoice.Yourchoiceprocuresyouasenseoforientation,ormorespeciallyasenseofmission.Andonlyastrongmissionmayenableonetoaccomplishgreatness.CaesaroftheancientRomanEmpirewasurgedbyhisambition“Icame,Isaw,Iconquered.”AndbecameanunrivaledempirebuilderinthehistoryofRome.JohnMilton,stimulatedalwaysbyhisambitionthataimedatwritingsome“mightylines”whichEnglandwouldunwillinglyforget,hadinduetimesecuredhispositionasthesecondShakespeareinthehistoryofEnglishliterature.?

Inthesecondplace,ambitioncanbringone’spotentialstothefull.Ambitionmaywellserveasacatalystactivatingone’sdormantpotentials.Withoutambitionone’spotentialswillremainslumberinglikeadormantvolcano.AcaseinpointisMsZhangHaidi,aChineseHelenKeller.ItwasherambitiontobeausefulpersonhasturnedthealmostparalyzedZhangHaidiintoawell-accomplishedfigurewhoseachievementswoulddwarfthoseofsomenormalpeopleaimatthesun,though,atworst,theymayprobablylandonthemoon.?

Influentialasitisuponus,however,ambitionmustbechanneledintherightdirection.Ifwronglydirected,one’sambitionmaybringhavoconhimandothers.Hitler,whoseambitionwastoconquerEuropebywhateverevilmeans,finallyturnedhimintoademon.ItwasthisdemonthatalmostcastEuropeintoanunfathomableabyssofanguishandsuffering.AnothercaseisMacbethwhoseambitionwastobecomethekingofScotland.However,hisambitionwasmaterializedbythemurderofKingDuncan.Consequently,unbearableguiltandpsychologicalagonydrovehimtohistragicdoom.?

Tosumup,ambitioncanbenefitustremendouslyifwiselyandcorrectlychanneled,otherwiseitmayruinothersandourselves.Apoetsays:lifecanbebad;lifecanbegood;lifecanbedirty;lifecanbesad,;lifecanevenbepainful.Inmymind’seye,apersoncanmakehislifebeautiful,meaningfulandrewardingandstandoutasarespectablepersonageifheismotivatedbyawell-orientatedambition.

專業(yè)八級(jí)作文評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)20-18

EFFECTIVECOMMUNICATIONWITHACCURACIESThewritingeffectivelyaddressesthewritingtask.Itdemonstratesawelldevelopedlogicalorganizationalstructurewithclearlystatedmainideasandsufficeientsupportingdetails.Ithasalmostnoerrorsofvocabulary,spelling,punctuationorsyntax,anditdisplaysanadequateabilitytousethelanguagewithappropriacy.Nodifficultyisexperienced

bythereader.

17-15

GOODCOMMUNICATIONWITHFEWINACCURACIES?Thewritingadequatelyaddressesalmostallofthewritingtask?itdealswithsomepartsmoreeffectivelythanothers.?Itdemonstratesagenerallywelldevelopedlogicalorganizationalstructurewithmainideasandsupportingdetails.?Ithasrelativelyfewsignificanterrorsofvocabulary,spelling,punctuationorsyntax,anditdisplaysanabilitytousethelanguagewithappropriacy.?Verylittledifficultyisexperiencedbythereader.

14-12

PASSABLECOMMUNICATIONWITHSOMEINACCURACIES.?Thewritingadequatelyaddressesmostofthewritingtask.?Onthewhole,itdemonstratesanadequatelydevelopedorganizationalstructure,thoughtheremayoccasionallybealackofrelevance,clarity,consistencyorsupport.?Ithasoccasionalerrorsofvocabulary,spelling,punctuationorsyntax,whichmay,fromtimetotime,obscuremeaning,andforthemostpartitdisplayssomeabilitytousethelanguagewithappropriacy.?Occasionaldifficultyisexperiencedbythereader.11-9

PROBLEMATICCOMMUNICATIONWITHFREQUENTINACCURACIES?Thewritingonlyaddressessomeofthewritingtask.?Itdemonstratesaninadequateorganizationalstructure,andtheremayquiteoftenbealackofrelevance,clarity,consistencyorsupport.?Ithasfrequenterrorsofvocabulary,spelling,punctuationorsyntax,anditdisplaysalimitedabilitytousethelanguagewithappropriacy.?Somedifficultyisexperiencedbythereader.8-6ALMOSTNOCOMMUNICATION?Thewritingalmostcompletelyfailstoaddressthewritingtask.?Ithasneitheranorganizationalstructurenorcoherence.?Almostallsentencescontainerrorsofvocabulary,spelling,punctuationorsyntax,anditdisplaysnoabilitytousethelanguagewithappropriacy.?Evenafterconsiderableeffortonthepartofthereader,thetextislargelyincomprehensible.

專業(yè)八級(jí)作文開頭結(jié)尾寫作段首句?People’sopinionsabout…varyfrompersontoperson.Somepeopleconsider...Otherspointoutthat…?Whenitcomesto___,somepeopleholdthat___.Othersarguethattheoppositeistrue.Thereisprobablysometruthtobotharguments,but___.?Manypeopleadvocatethat___.Theyclaim/areoftheopinionthat___.Mineisthesameastheirsinthefollowingreasons.?Ithasbeenwidelynotedthat….

?It’suniversallyacknowledgedthat…

Thisraisesseriousdoubtsabout___?It’sgenerallyacceptedthat…

?Itgoeswithoutsayingthat…

?HereIwilldiscusstheprosandconsofthisquestion段首句?Asisknowntoall,

___isacommonphenomenoninoursociety.?Haveyoueverthought/wondered…??…Butdotheyrealizethat…??…Butisitreallythecase?PersonallyIthink…?…,butisitawiseone?Itisnowbeingchallengedbymoreandmorepeople.?It’sreportedbyarecent/newresearch/survey/studythat…結(jié)尾句–對(duì)比論證?Wecanconcludethat___hasbothpositiveandnegativeeffects.Whatwemustdoistomakesurethatthepositiveonesareencouragedandthenegativeonesareeliminatedasfaraspossible.?Onthewhole,___havebothadvantagesanddisadvantages.Butfairlyspeaking,everyoneshouldadmitthatitsadvantagesoutweighitdisadvantages.Weshould___.?AsfarasI’mconcerned,Idon’tagreewiththeviewthat___and___arealwaysinconflictwith/inoppositiontoeachother.…SoI’vecometotheconclusionthat___and___areequallyimportant.總結(jié)觀點(diǎn)?Inconclusion/Tosumup/Insummary/Inshort/Toconclude/Tobringalongstoryshort….?Tosumuptheabovearguments,Ithinkaproperattitudetowards___isthat___.?Experience/Evidence/Allthefactssuggest/show/demonstrate/indicate(s)that…?Fromwhathasbeendiscussedabove/Takingintoaccountallthesefactors,wemaysafelydraw/reach/cometo/arrive/theconclusionthat…?If…,theeffortswillbeworthwhile/paid-off/rewarded.?Peopleusedto…inthepast,butthingsarequitedifferenttoday.?Personalexperiencehastaughtthat…

個(gè)人經(jīng)驗(yàn)告訴我…?Thereiseveryreasontobelievethat…

完全有理由相信…?Thereisstrongevidencetoshowthat…

有缺鑿的證據(jù)顯示…專業(yè)八級(jí)短文寫作的基本模式

一、

段首句1)

People’sopinionsabout…varyfrompersontoperson.Somepeopleconsider...Otherspointoutthat…2)

Whenaskedabout…,mostpeoplesay…Butmanyotherpeopleregard…as….Ipersonallythink___.3)

Whenitcomesto___,somepeopleholdthat___.Othersarguethattheoppositeistrue.Thereisprobablysometruthtobotharguments,but___.4)

Manypeopleadvocatethat___.Theyclaim/areoftheopinionthat___.Mineisthesameastheirsinthefollowingreasons.5)

Ithasbeenwidelynotedthat….

It’suniversallyacknowledgedthat…

Thisraisesseriousdoubtsabout___.It’sgenerallyacceptedthat…

Itgoeswithoutsayingthat…

HereIwilldiscuss

theprosandconsofthisquestion.

6)

Withthedevelopmentofoursociety,___hasbeenplayinganincreasinglyimportantroleinourday-to-daylife.Ithasbroughtusalotofbenefitsbuthascreatedsomeproblemsaswell.7)

Asisknowntoall,

___isacommonphenomenoninoursociety.8)

Haveyoueverthought/wondered…?9)

…Butdotheyrealizethat…?/…Butisitreallythecase?PersonallyIthink…10)

…,butisitawiseone?Itisnowbeingchallengedbymoreandmorepeople.11)

Asthesayinggoes,…12)

It’sreportedbyarecent/newresearch/survey/studythat…

二、

結(jié)尾句（一）對(duì)比論證1)

Wecanconcludethat___hasbothpositiveandnegativeeffects.Whatwemustdoistomakesurethatthepositiveonesareencouragedandthenegativeonesareeliminatedasfaraspossible.2)

Onthewhole,___havebothadvantagesanddisadvantages.Butfairlyspeaking,everyoneshouldadmitthatitsadvantagesoutweighitdisadvantages.Weshould___.3)

AsfarasI’mconcerned,Idon’tagreewiththeviewthat___and___arealwaysinconflictwith/inoppositiontoeachother.…SoI’vecometotheconclusionthat___and___areequallyimportant.

（二）解決措施4)

Inmyopinion,itisnoteasyto___.ButI’mconfidentthatwe’llbeabletoovercomeallthedifficultiesthatconfrontusandachievesuccessesin___.5)

Manysolutionsareofferedhereandallofthemmakesomesense,butnoneisadequateenough.Theproblemshouldbestudiedindepthinthefutureandwestillhavealongwaytogo.6)

Itisimportant/necessary/essentialthateffective/proper/powerfulactions/measure/remediesshouldbetakento…7)

Inmyopinion,thewholesocietyshouldplacemuchemphasisontheimportanceof___.8)

Givenalltheabovearguments,itishightimethattheauthoritiesenforcedsomereformsto___.

（三）總結(jié)觀點(diǎn)9)

Inconclusion/Tosumup/Insummary/Inshort/Toconclude/Tobringalongstoryshort….10)

Tosumuptheabovearguments,Ithinkaproperattitudetowards___isthat___.11)

Experience/Evidence/Allthefactssuggest/show/demonstrate/indicatethat…12)

Fromwhathasbeendiscussedabove/Takingintoaccountallthesefactors,wemaysafelydraw/reach/cometo/arrive/theconclusionthat…13)

If…,theeffortswillbeworthwhile/paid-off/rewarded.

三、

正文段落常用句型1、

分析原因a)

Thereareample/powerful/sufficient/variousreasonsinsayingthat…b)

Therearetwofactorsaccountingfor…c)

Therearesomegoodreasonsfor…d)

Therearetwopossiblereasonsfor…e)

Therearethreereasonsfortheimprovementinpeople’slivingconditions.Inthefirstplace,…Secondly,…Furthermore,…

2、

提出建議a)

Mysuggestiontodealwith/solve/tackletheproblemareasfollows.Tobeginwith,…Secondly,…Finally,…b)

Tocrackthishardnut,peoplehaveworkedoutmanyeffectivemeasures.c)

Toachievethebestresult,wehaveto…d)

Perhapsitisrecommendable/practical/feasibleto…e)

Maybewecouldfirstlyresortto…f)

Thetoppriorityin…is…g)

Perhapswecouldtry…asapremiumwayto…h(huán))

Perhapsnothingisbetterthan…i)

Inmyopinion,weshouldworkoutconcretesolutionstotheproblemof…

3、

發(fā)表見解a)

It’struethat…b)

Tobesure,…c)

Itcannotbemoreagreedupon…d)

Somethingimmediatelycomingtothemindis…e)

Wecandeducefromthispicturethatthedraweristryingtoattractourattentionto…f)

Thepurposeofthispictureistoshowusthatdueattentionhastobepaidto…g)

Butthereisadeepersocialmessageinthiscartoon.h)

It’simportant/necessary/urgent/difficult/easy/expensive/desirable/convenient/comfortableforsbtodo…It’sdesirabletobuildmorehospitals,shoppingcenters,recreationcenters,andotherpublicfacilitiestomeetthegrowingneedsofpeople.4、

分析利弊a)

Asapopularsayinggoes,“Everythinghastwosides.”Now…Ontheotherhand,…b)

Wheneverwetalkabout…,we’llinstantlyhavetheideathatit’sgoodfor…Indeed/Infact/Actually,…h(huán)aveadvantages.Wecantake…forexample.Inthemeantime/Meanwhile,wemustrealizethosedisadvantagesof…Firstofall,…Inaddition,…

5、

舉例闡述a)

forexample,…/forinstance,…b)

Let’stake…forexample.c)

…isagoodcaseinpoint.d)

Anexamplecominginhandisabout…e)

Anexampleisfoundin…f)

Wemaycite/quote/takeanotherexampleof…g)

Theopinion/point/ideamaybeproved/exemplified/illustratedbythefollowingfact…h(huán))

First/Second(Next)/Third(Then)/Last(Finally),…a)

Firstly/Secondly/Thirdly/Last(Finally)i)

Inthefirstplace/Secondly/LastbutnotleastThemostessential/mostimportant/primary/chiefis…j)

Firstandforemost/Secondly/Besides/Inaddition/Lastbutnotleast…

6、

引證觀點(diǎn)a)

Nowadaysthereismuch/generaldiscussionasto….b)

Now,itiscommonly/widely/increasinglybelieved/thought/held/acknowledged/heldthat…,c)

Accordingtoarecentsurvey/investigation/poll,…

7、

因果關(guān)系a)

…causes/produces/bringsabout/leadsto/resultsin/givesrisetosomeotherproblems……Thereisnodoubtthattheincreaseindemandcausestheriseinprices.b)

…resultsfrom/arisesfrom/liesin/canbeattributedtothefactthat……c)

asaresult,consequently,therefore,hence,so,d)

becauseofthis,forthesereasons,duetothefactthat…

8、

論述相互關(guān)系havemuch/something/nothingtodowith…becloselyrelatedto…bedirectlyboundupwith…Gohandinhandwith…l

Thepollutionofourenvironmenthasmuchtodowiththeincreasingnumbersofcars.l

Thestrengthofacountry’seconomyisdirectlyboundupwiththeefficiencyofitsindustryandagriculture.l

Morethantenleadingdiseasesarerelatedtosmoking,suchascancerandhearttrouble.

9、

比較對(duì)照比較：likeA,B…

JustasA,B…

A,similarly/correspondingly,likewise/inthesameway,B…

對(duì)照：Unlike/Contraryto/AsopposedtoA,B…Quitetotheopposite,…Differently…Thedifferenceliesin…Quitesurprisingly,……couldbetheotherwayround.

A,however/ontheotherhand/incontrast,B..

A…,B,however/ontheotherhand/incontrast,…

10、

提出轉(zhuǎn)折觀點(diǎn)1)

Itsoundslikeagood/attractiveidea/suggestion,buttheyfailtounderstand/see/notice…

2)

Thereisprobablyanelementoftruthinthearguments/ideas,buttheyignoreamoreimportantfact…

3)

Closerexamination/analysis,however,suggests/showsthatthisargument/claim/ideamaynotbeborneof/supportedbythefollowingevidence/facts/examples/statistics.

4)

Howeverlogical/sound/forcibletheseargumentsmaybe,theydon'tmakesense/onlyskimthesurfaceoftheproblemwhen…isviewedtheotherway/takenintoconsideration.

5)

Asopposedto/Contrarytothewidely/commonly/generallyheldidea/belief/view,newstudies/factschallenge/failtojustifytheopinion/view.

6)

Good/Superior/Wonderfulas….,ithasitsowndisadvantages/itbringsitsownproblems.

7)

Theymayberightabout…,buttheyseemtoneglect/failtomention/takeintoaccount…

8)

Inallthediscussionanddebateover…,oneimportant/basicfactisignored/overlooked/neglected.

9)Itistruethat/Admittedly,butitisunlikely/doesn'tfollow/doesn'tmeanthat…

10)Thereisanelementoftruthinthesearguments/statements,buttheyignoreadeeperandmorebasic/essential/importantfact/factor…

四、

英文寫作佳句1.Oneofthepressingproblemsfacingournationtodayis…

我們國家如今面臨的緊迫問題之一是…2.Oneofthemostseriousproblemsmanypeopletalkaboutcenterson…許多人談?wù)摰囊粋€(gè)最嚴(yán)重的問題集中在…3.…isyetanothernewandbittertruthwemustlearntoface.…又是一個(gè)我們必須學(xué)會(huì)面對(duì)的痛苦的新情況。4．Thereisagrowingworldwideawarenessof…

世界上越來越多的人認(rèn)識(shí)到…5.Agrowingnumberofpeoplearebeginningtorealizethat…isnotthesoleprerequisitefor…

越來越多的人開始意識(shí)到…不是…的唯一先決條件.6.Today,however,thingsarechangingand…

然而,今天,情況改變了…7.Peopleusedto…inthepast,butthingsarequitedifferenttoday.

過去,人們習(xí)慣于…。但今天的情況有很大的不同.8.Irecentlyreadanewspaperarticleon…Thedeplorableproblemof…h(huán)asarousepublicconcernnationwide.

最近,我在報(bào)紙上讀到一篇…。…的問題令人深感遺憾,它已經(jīng)引起了全國公眾的關(guān)注.

9.Wemustseekimmediatesolutionsforproblemsleadingto…Ifallowedtoproceedunchecked,theproblemwillundoubtedly…

我們必須尋求立即解決引起…的辦法。如果任期自由發(fā)展，這一問題無疑會(huì)…10.Thereislittledoubtthatimmediateactionisrequiredto…

毫無疑問，必須立即采取行動(dòng)11.It’shightimeweputanendto…

我們?cè)缭摱沤^…的做法。12.However,wemustnotrestontheiraccomplishments,butmustinsteadwokassiduouslytorecordgreaterachievements.

然而，我們不能依靠他們的成績，而必須努力工作，取得恩輝煌的成績。13.Wedo,infact,havealongwaytogotoreachourfinalgoal,butachievingsomeremainswellwithintherealmofpossibility.

事實(shí)上，我們達(dá)到追最終目標(biāo)還有很長的路要走，但是，取得一些成績還是可能做到的。14.Themethodologysuggestedmaynotguaranteeultimatesuccess,buttheeventualpay-offcouldwellbeworththeeffort.Achievingevenpartialsuccesswillbenefitmankindandcontributetocreatingabetterworld.

所說的方法不一定保證最終的成功，但最后的結(jié)果非常值得付出努力。即使只獲得部分成功也會(huì)是人類受益，有利于創(chuàng)造一個(gè)更美好的生活。15.Whatevertheoutcome,wemustresolutelyproceedwithourobjective.

無論結(jié)果如何，我們必須堅(jiān)定的繼續(xù)為目標(biāo)而努力。16.Gonearethedayswhen…

…的日子已經(jīng)不復(fù)存在了。17.Historytellsusthat…

歷史告訴我們…18.Personalexperiencehastaughtthat…

個(gè)人經(jīng)驗(yàn)告訴我…19.Thereiseveryre