考研考博-英語-內(nèi)蒙古經(jīng)貿(mào)外語職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解篇

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-內(nèi)蒙古經(jīng)貿(mào)外語職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共120題)1.單選題

Partofthecostofmanyarticlesistakenastaxbythegovernment（

）thecommunity.

問題1選項

A.inplaceof

B.onaccountof

C.intermsof

D.onbehalfof

【答案】D

【解析】考查動詞辨析。inplaceof意為“代替”；onaccountof意為“由于”；intermsof意為“依據(jù)，按照”；onbehalfof意為“代表，為了”。

句意：部分物品的費用以稅收的形式由政府代表社會征收。

2.單選題

Alieisasmuchalie,whenitiswhisperedorwhenitis（）atthemarketcross.

問題1選項

A.proclaimed

B.reclaimed

C.acclaimed

D.claimed

【答案】A

【解析】形近詞詞義解析。proclaim“聲明”；reclaim“指收回或利用廢物”；acclaim“喝彩”；claim“聲稱”。句意：謊言就是謊言，不管是小聲說的，還是在街上大聲宣揚的。選項A符合題意。

3.單選題

Thebiggestsafetythreatfacingairlinestodaymaynotbeaterroristwithagun,butthemanwiththeportablecomputerinbusinessclass.Inthelast15years,pilotshavereportedwellover100incidentsthatcouldhavebeencausedbyelectromagneticinterference.Thesourceofthisinterferenceremainsunconfirmed,butincreasingly,expertsarepointingtheblameatportableelectronicdevicessuchasportablecomputers,radioandcassetteplayersandmobiletelephones.

RTCA,anorganizationwhichadvisestheaviationindustry,hasrecommendedthatallairlinesbansuchdevicesfrombeingusedduring“critical”stagesofflight,particularlytake-offandlanding.Someexpertshavegonefurther,callingforatotalbanduringallflights.Currently,rulesonusingthesedevicesareleftuptoindividualairlines.Andalthoughsomeairlinesprohibitpassengersfromusingsuchequipmentduringtake-offandlanding,mostarereluctanttoenforceatotalban,giventhatmanypassengerswanttoworkduringflights.

Thedifficultyispredictinghowelectromagneticfieldsmightaffectanaircraft’scomputers.Expertsknowthatportabledevicesemitradiationwhichaffectsthosewavelengthswhichaircraftusefornavigationandcommunication.But,becausetheyhavenotbeenabletoreproducetheseeffectsinalaboratory,theyhavenowayofknowingwhethertheinterferencemightbedangerousornot.

Thefactthataircraftmaybevulnerabletointerferenceraisestheriskthatterroristsmayuseradiosystemsinordertodamagenavigationequipment.Asworrying,though,isthepassengerwhocan’theartheinstructionstoturnoffhisradiobecausethemusic’stooloud.

1.Thepassageismainlyabout（

）.

2.Whatissaidabouttheover100aircraftincidentsinthepast15years?

3.Fewairlineswanttoimposeatotalbanontheirpassengersusingelectronicdevicesbecause（

）

4.Whyisitdifficulttopredictthepossibleeffectsofelectromagneticfieldsonanairplane’scomputers?

5.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheauthor（

）.

問題1選項

A.anewregulationforallairlines

B.thedefectsofelectronicdevices

C.apossiblecauseofaircraftcrashes

D.effectivesafetymeasuresforairflight

問題2選項

A.Theymayhavebeencausedbythedamagetotheradiosystems

B.Theymayhavetakenplaceduringtake-offandlanding

C.Theywereprovedtohavebeencausedbythepassengers’portablecomputers

D.Theyweresuspectedtohaveresultedfromelectromagneticinterference

問題3選項

A.theydon’tbelievethereissuchadangerasradiointerference

B.theharmfuleffectofelectromagneticinterferenceisyettobeproved

C.mostpassengersrefusetotakeaplanewhichbanstheuseofradioandcassetteplayers

D.theyhaveothereffectivesafetymeasurestofallbackon

問題4選項

A.Becauseitisextremelydangeroustoconductsuchresearchonanairplane

B.Becauseitremainsamysterywhatwavelengthsareliabletobeinterferedwith

C.Becauseresearchscientistshavenotbeenabletoproducethatsameeffectsinlabs

D.Becauseexpertslackadequateequipmenttodosuchresearch

問題5選項

A.isinfavorofprohibitingpassenger’useofelectronicdevicescompletely

B.hasoverestimatedthedangerofelectromagneticinterference

C.hasn’tformedhisownopiniononthisproblem

D.regardsitasunreasonabletoexerciseatotalbanduringflight

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】1.主旨大意題。文章開篇第一句話點明主旨:Thebiggestsafetythreatfacingairlinestodaymaynotbeaterroristwithagun,butthemanwiththeportablecomputerinbusinessclass(如今航空公司面臨的最大的安全威脅可能不是持槍的恐怖分子，而是商務(wù)艙里帶著便攜式電腦的乘客)。故選C。

2.細節(jié)事實。根據(jù)題干定位至第一段:Inthelast15years,pilotshavereportedwellover100incidentsthatcouldhavebeencausedbyelectromagneticinterference(在過去的15年中，飛行員報告說100多起事故可能由電磁干擾引起的)。

3.細節(jié)事實。根據(jù)題干定位至第二段:mostarereluctanttoenforceatotalban,giventhatmanypassengerswanttoworkduringflights(由于許多乘客想在飛行期間工作，多數(shù)航空公司不愿意執(zhí)行全面禁令)。

4.細節(jié)事實。第三段給出了原因:But,becausetheyhavenotbeenabletoreproducetheseeffectsinalaboratory,theyhavenowayofknowingwhethertheinterferencemightbedangerousornot.(由于他們無法在實驗室中重現(xiàn)這些效應(yīng)，他們無法知道干擾是否有危險)。

5.觀點態(tài)度。根據(jù)文章大意，可以看出作者的態(tài)度。

4.單選題

Thegapbetweenwhatweknowandallthatcanbeknownseemsnotto（）,butrathertoincreasewitheverynewdiscovery.

問題1選項

A.clarify

B.eliminate

C.diminish

D.extinguish

【答案】C

【解析】動詞詞義辨析。clarify“澄清，闡明”；eliminate“消除，淘汰”；diminish“減少，貶低”；extinguish“熄滅，使破滅”。句意：我們知道的事情和未知的事情之間的間距似乎沒有減少，反而隨著新事物的發(fā)現(xiàn)而增加了。選項C符合題意。

5.單選題

Theyuse___salestacticstodefeattheirmajorcompetitor.

問題1選項

A.immoral

B.immortal

C.unscrupulous

D.ambitious

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項immoral“不道德的（生活作風(fēng)上的道德上的錯誤）；邪惡的；淫蕩的”；B選項immortal“不朽的；神仙的；長生的”；C選項unscrupulous“肆無忌憚的；寡廉鮮恥的；不講道德的（不誠實或不公平）”；D選項ambitious“野心勃勃的；有雄心的；熱望的；炫耀的”。句意：他們使用___銷售策略來擊敗主要的競爭對手。本句表達“肆無忌憚的銷售策略”，指不誠信、不公平的銷售手段，和生活作風(fēng)無關(guān)。因此C選項正確。

6.單選題

Thediscoveryofdistillationisusually（）totheArahsofthe11thcentury.

問題1選項

A.accredited

B.credited

C.regarded

D.accomplished

【答案】A

【解析】句意:通常認為，蒸餾法是阿拉伯人在11世紀發(fā)明的。

考查動詞辨析。選項均為對應(yīng)動詞的過去分詞形式表被動。Accredit把……歸于；認為（某事為某人所說、所做），常用被動語態(tài)，常見搭配為sth.tosb.或?sb.withsth.；credit把…記入貸方；認為是…的功勞，常用搭配為?A（withB）或?B（toA）；regard將…認為；把…視為，常見搭配為sb./sth.（withsth.）或?sb./sth.assth.；accomplish完成；實現(xiàn)。因此符合句意并且能跟介詞to搭配的為選項A。

7.單選題

Thelossofthe（

）ofhishearingdidn’tstophimfrombeingausefulmemberofthesociety.

問題1選項

A.ability

B.capability

C.power

D.faculty

【答案】A

【解析】句意:聽覺能力的喪失阻礙不了他成為一名對社會有用的人。

考查名詞辨析。Ability能力,才能（指人先天的或?qū)W來的各種能力）;capability才能，能力，，容量（指勝任某項具體工作的能力，也指本身具有、尚未發(fā)揮的潛能）;power功率，力量，能力，政權(quán)，勢力（泛指一切力量或能力等）;faculty科，系，能力，全體教員（指特殊的才能或智力）。由關(guān)鍵詞hearing(聽力)可知這里指先天能力,故選A。

8.單選題

Thetoneofthearticle（）thewriter’smoodatthetime.

問題1選項

A.reproduced

B.reflected

C.imagined

D.imitated

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項reproduce“復(fù)制，繁殖”；B選項reflect“反射，反應(yīng)”；C選項imagine“想象，猜想”；D選項imitate“模仿，仿制”。句意：這篇文章的語氣反映了作者當(dāng)時的心情。由選項意思和句意可知，B選項符合句意。

9.單選題

Thesedayswehearalotofnonsenseaboutthe“greatclasslesssociety”.Theideathatthe20thcenturyistheageofthecommonmanhasbecomeoneofgreatclichesofourtime.

Thesameoldargumentsareputforwardinevidence.Herearesomeofthem:Monarchyasasystemofgovernmenthascompletelydiscredited.Themonarchiesthatsurvivehavebeendeprivedofallpoliticalpower.Inheritedwealthhasbeensavagelyreducedbytaxationand,intime,thegreatfortuneswilldisappearaltogether.Inanumberofcountriesthevictoryhasbeencomplete.Thepeoplerule;thegreatmillenniumhasbecomeapoliticalreality.Buthasit?Closeexaminationdoesn’tbearouttheclaim.

Itisafallacytosupposethatallmenareequalandthatsocietywillbeleveledoutifyouprovideeverybodywiththesameeducationalopportunities.(Itisdebatablewhetheryoucaneverprovideeveryonewiththesameeducationalopportunities,butthatisanotherquestion.)Thefactisthatnaturedispensesbrainsandabilitywithatotaldisregardfortheprincipleofequality.Theoldrulesofthejungle,“survivalofthefittest”，and“mightisright“arestillwithus.Thespreadofeducationhasdestroyedtheoldclasssystemandcreatedanewone.Rewardsarebasedonmeritfor“aristocracy”read“meritocracy”；inotherrespectssocietyremainsunaltered:theclasssystemisrigidlymaintained

Genuineability,animalcunning,skilltheknackofseizingopportunities,allbringsmaterialrewards.Andwhatisthefirstthingpeopledowhentheybecomerich?Theyusetheirwealthtosecurethebestpossibleopportunitiesfortheirchildren,togivethem“agoodstartinlife”.Forallthelipservicewepaytotheideaofequality.Wedonotconsiderthiswronginthewesternworld.Privateschoolswhichofferunfairadvantagesoverstateschoolsarenotbannedbecauseoneoftheprinciplesinademocracyisthatpeopleshouldbefreetochoosehowtheywilleducatetheirchildren.Inthisway,thenewmeritocracycanperpetuateitselftoacertainextent:anablechildfromawealthyhomecansucceedfarmorerapidlythanhispoorercounterpart.Wealthisalsousedindiscriminatelytofurtherpoliticalends.Itwouldbealmostimpossibletobecometheleaderofademocracywithoutmassivefinancialbacking.Moneyisaspowerfulaweaponaseveritwas.

Insocietieswhollydedicatedtotheprincipleofsocialequality.Privilegedprivateeducationisforbidden.Butevenherepeoplearerewardedaccordingtotheirabilities.Infact,sogreatistheneedforskilledworkersthattheleastablemaybeneglected.Brightchildrenarecarefullyandexpensivelytrainedtobecomefuturerulers.Intheend,allpoliticalideologiesboildowntothesamething:classdivisionspersistwhetheryouareruledbyafeudalkingoraneducatedpeasant.

1.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?

2.Accordingtotheauthor,thesameeducationalopportunitiescan’tgetridofinequalitybecause（

）.

3.Whocanobtainmorerapidsuccess?

4.Whydoestheauthorsaythenewmeritocracycanperpetuateitselftoacertainextent?Because（

）.

5.Accordingtotheauthor,“classdivisions”refersto（

）.

問題1選項

A.Equalityofopportunityinthetwentiethcenturyhasnotdestroyedtheclasssystem.

B.Equalitymeansmoney.

C.Thereisnosuchsocietyasclasslesssociety.

D.Naturecan’tgiveyouaclasslesssociety.

問題2選項

A.theprinciple“survivalofthefittest”exists.

B.natureignoresequalityindispensingbrainsandability.

C.materialrewardsareforgenuineability.

D.peoplehavethefreedomhowtoeducatetheirchildren.

問題3選項

A.Thosewithwealth.

B.Thosewiththebestbrains..

C.Thosewiththebestopportunities.

D.Thosewhohavetheabilitytocatchatopportunities.

問題4選項

A.moneydecideseverything.

B.privateschoolsofferadvantagesoverstateschools.

C.peoplearefreetochoosethewayofeducatingtheirchildren.

D.wealthisusedforpoliticalends.

問題5選項

A.therichandthepoor.

B.differentopportunitiesforpeople.

C.oppressorandtheoppressed.

D.geniusandstupidity.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:A

第5題:A

【解析】1.主旨大意題。A項Equalityofopportunityinthetwentiethcenturyhasnotdestroyedtheclasssystem(20世紀的機會均等并沒有破壞階級制度)能更好概括本文主旨。

2.細節(jié)題。作者指出:自然在分配大腦和能力的時候，完全不考慮平等的原則。有智慧能力才能生存，才能獲報償，這已經(jīng)是不平等，因此即使獲同樣的受教育的機會，也不可能鏟除不平等。

3.細節(jié)題。第三段指出:英才教育在某種程度上是永存的。一個來自富有家庭的有能力的孩子要比其對立面獲得成功要快得多得多。因此推測,有錢人能夠快速獲得成功。

4.細節(jié)題。英才教育在某種程度上是永存的。因為有錢,才上得起私立學(xué)校。故選A。

5.推斷題。作者強調(diào)窮人,富人在天賦、教育機會等方面的差異造成即使是同樣的教育機會也不可能鏟除不平等,因此在作者眼里,真正的階級分化在于貧富差距。

10.單選題

Hewassoangrythathejustcouldn’t（）fromtellingthemwhathethought.

問題1選項

A.holdoff

B.holdon

C.holdback

D.holdup

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。holdbackfrom意為“抑制…阻止…”。句意“他非常生氣，忍不住把自己的想法告訴了他們?！边x項C符合句意。

11.翻譯題

Twomodesofargumentationhavebeenusedonbehalfofwomen’semancipationinWesternsocieties.Argumentsinwhatcouldbecalledthe“relational”feministtraditionmaintainthedoctrineof“equalityindifference”,orequityasdistinctfromequality.Theycontendthatbiologicaldistinctionsbetweenthesexesresultinanecessarysexualdivisionoflaborinthefamilyandthroughoutsocietyandthatwomen’sprocreativelaboriscurrentlyundervaluedbysociety,tothedisadvantageofwomen.Bycontrast,theindividualistfeministtraditionemphasizesindividualhumanrightsandcerebrates(崇尚)women’squestforpersonalautonomy,whiledownplayingtheimportanceofgenderrolesandminimizingdiscussionofchildbearinganditsattendantresponsibilities.Beforethelatenineteenthcentury,theseviewscoexistedwithinthefeministmovement,oftenwithinthewritingsofthesameindividual.Between1890and1920,however,relationalfeminism,whichhadbeenthedominantstraininfeministthoughtandwhich,stillpredominatesamongEuropeanandnon-Westernfeminists,lostgroundinEnglandandtheUnitedStates.Becausetheconceptofindividualrightswasalreadywell-establishedintheAnglo-Saxonlegalandpoliticaltradition,individualistfeminismcametopredominateinEnglish-speakingcountries.Atthesametime,thegoalsofthetwoapproachesbegantoseemincreasinglyirreconcilable.Individualistfeministsbegantoadvocateatotallygender-blindsystemwithequalrightsforall.Relationalfeminists,whileagreeingthatequaleducationalandeconomicopportunitiesoutsidethehomeshouldbeavailableforallwomen,continuedtoemphasizewomen’sspecialcontributionstosocietyashomemakersandmothers.Theydemandedspecialtreatmentforwomen,includingprotectivelegislationforwomenworkers,state-sponsoredmaternitybenefits,andpaidcompensationforhousework.

Relationalargumentshaveamajorpitfall:becausetheyunderlinewomen’sphysiologicalandpsychologicaldistinctiveness,theyareoftenappropriatedbypoliticaladversariesandusedtoendorsemaleprivilege.Buttheindividualistapproach,byattackinggenderroles,denyingthesignificanceofphysiologicaldifference,andcondemningexistingfamilialinstitutionsashopelesslypatriarchal,hasoftensimplytreatedasirrelevantthefamilyrolesimportanttomanywomen.Iftheindividualistframework,withitsclaimforwomen’sautonomy,couldbeharmonizedwiththefamily-orientedconcernsofrelationalfeminists,amorefruitfulmodelforcontemporaryfeministpoliticscouldemerge.

【答案】相比之下，利己的女權(quán)主義傳統(tǒng)強調(diào)個人的人權(quán)并崇尚婦女追求個人的自主，卻貶低性別角色的重要性并減少對生育子女和撫養(yǎng)子女責(zé)任的探討。

然而，從1890年到1920年，關(guān)系論的女權(quán)主義在女權(quán)思想中占主導(dǎo)地位而且現(xiàn)在仍然在歐洲和非西方女權(quán)主義者中占優(yōu)勢，它在英國和美國失去了影響。

但是利己主義的研究方法，通過抨擊性別角色，否定生理差別的重要性，譴責(zé)現(xiàn)存家庭體制是不可救藥的家長制,常常將對許多婦女來說非常重要的家庭角色僅視為毫不重要的事情。

12.單選題

E-mailisaconvenient,highlydemocraticinformalmediumforconveyingmessagesthat（

）welltohumanneeds.

問題1選項

A.conforms

B.adheres

C.reflects

D.satisfies

【答案】B

【解析】句意:電子郵件是一種方便的、非常大眾化的非正式信息傳遞媒介,它很符合人類的需求。

考查動詞辨析。四個選項均為對應(yīng)動詞的三單形式。Conform符合,遵照,常與介詞to或with連用;adhere遵守,堅持,粘附;reflect反映,反射,反省;satisfy使?jié)M意,滿足,可作及物動詞。故B項無論從語義還是從搭配上都符合題干要求。

13.單選題

Inthemid-1990s,threeseniorfemaleprofessorsatM.I.T.cametosuspectthattheircareershadbeenhamperedbysimilarpatternsofmarginalization.（1）Afterperformingtheinvestigationandstudyingthedata,thecommitteeconcludedthatthemarginalizationexperiencedbyfemalescientistsatM.I.T.“wasoftenaccompaniedbydifferencesinsalary,space，awards,resourcesandresponsetooutsideoffersbetweenmenandwomenfaculty,withwomenreceivinglessdespiteprofessionalaccomplishmentsequaltothoseoftheircolleagues.”Thedeanconcurredwiththecommittee’sfindings.Andyet,aswasnotedinthecommittee’sreport,hisfellowadministrators“resistedthenotionthattherewasanyproblemthatarosefromgenderbiasinthetreatmentofthewomenfaculty.SomearguedthatitwasthemasculinecultureofM.I.T.thatwastoblame,andlittlecouldbedonetochangethat.”

（2）

Thecommittee’smostevocativefindingwasthatthediscriminationfacingfemalescientistsinthefinalquarterof20thcenturywasqualitativelydifferentfromthemoreobviousformsofsexismaddressedbycivilrightslawsandaffirmativeaction,butnolessreal.NoteveryoneagreesthatwhatwasuncoveredatM.I.T.actuallyqualifiesasdiscrimination.

（3）

Eveniffemaleprofessorshavebeenshortchangedorshuntedaside,theirmarginalizationmightbearesultofthesamesortsofdepartmentalinfighting,personalityconflictsand“mistakenimpressionsthatcausemalefacultymemberstofeelslightedaswell.‘‘Perceptionsofdiscriminationareevidenceofnothingbutsubjectivefeelings,”Kleinfeldscoffs.

（4）

InFebruary2012,theAmericanInstituteofPhysicspublishedasurveyof15,000maleandfemalephysicistsacross130countries.

（5）

“Infact,”theresearchersconcluded，“womenphysicistscouldbethemajorityinsomehypotheticalfutureyetstillfindtheircareersexperienceproblemsthatstemfromoftenunconsciousbias.”

問題1選項

A.Inalmostallcultures,femalescientistsreceivedlessfinancing,labspace,officesupportandgrantsforequipmentandtravel,evenaftertheresearcherscontrolledfordifferencesotherthansex.

B.JudithKleinfeld,aprofessoremeritusinthepsychologydepartmentattheUniversityofAlaska,arguesthattheM.I.T.studyisn’tpersuasivebecausethenumberoffacultymembersinvolvedistoosmallanduniversityofficialsrefusetoreleasethedata.

C.Butbroaderstudiesshowthattheperceptionofdiscriminationisoftenaccompaniedbyaveryrealdifferenceintheallotmentofresources.

D.Yetwomenpursuingtenuretrackmustleaphurdlesthatarehigherthanthosefacingtheirmalecompetitors,oftenwithoutrealizinganysuchdisparityexists.

E.Inotherwords,womendidn’tbecomescientistsbecausescience—andscientists—weremale.

F.Theytookthemattertothedean,whoappointedacommitteeofsixseniorwomenandthreeseniormentoinvestigatetheirconcerns.

問題2選項

A.Inalmostallcultures,femalescientistsreceivedlessfinancing,labspace,officesupportandgrantsforequipmentandtravel,evenaftertheresearcherscontrolledfordifferencesotherthansex.

B.JudithKleinfeld,aprofessoremeritusinthepsychologydepartmentattheUniversityofAlaska,arguesthattheM.I.T.studyisn’tpersuasivebecausethenumberoffacultymembersinvolvedistoosmallanduniversityofficialsrefusetoreleasethedata.

C.Butbroaderstudiesshowthattheperceptionofdiscriminationisoftenaccompaniedbyaveryrealdifferenceintheallotmentofresources.

D.Yetwomenpursuingtenuretrackmustleaphurdlesthatarehigherthanthosefacingtheirmalecompetitors,oftenwithoutrealizinganysuchdisparityexists.

E.Inotherwords,womendidn’tbecomescientistsbecausescience—andscientists—weremale.

F.Theytookthemattertothedean,whoappointedacommitteeofsixseniorwomenandthreeseniormentoinvestigatetheirconcerns.

問題3選項

A.Inalmostallcultures,femalescientistsreceivedlessfinancing,labspace,officesupportandgrantsforequipmentandtravel,evenaftertheresearcherscontrolledfordifferencesotherthansex.

B.JudithKleinfeld,aprofessoremeritusinthepsychologydepartmentattheUniversityofAlaska,arguesthattheM.I.T.studyisn’tpersuasivebecausethenumberoffacultymembersinvolvedistoosmallanduniversityofficialsrefusetoreleasethedata.

C.Butbroaderstudiesshowthattheperceptionofdiscriminationisoftenaccompaniedbyaveryrealdifferenceintheallotmentofresources.

D.Yetwomenpursuingtenuretrackmustleaphurdlesthatarehigherthanthosefacingtheirmalecompetitors,oftenwithoutrealizinganysuchdisparityexists.

E.Inotherwords,womendidn’tbecomescientistsbecausescience—andscientists—weremale.

F.Theytookthemattertothedean,whoappointedacommitteeofsixseniorwomenandthreeseniormentoinvestigatetheirconcerns.

問題4選項

A.Inalmostallcultures,femalescientistsreceivedlessfinancing,labspace,officesupportandgrantsforequipmentandtravel,evenaftertheresearcherscontrolledfordifferencesotherthansex.

B.JudithKleinfeld,aprofessoremeritusinthepsychologydepartmentattheUniversityofAlaska,arguesthattheM.I.T.studyisn’tpersuasivebecausethenumberoffacultymembersinvolvedistoosmallanduniversityofficialsrefusetoreleasethedata.

C.Butbroaderstudiesshowthattheperceptionofdiscriminationisoftenaccompaniedbyaveryrealdifferenceintheallotmentofresources.

D.Yetwomenpursuingtenuretrackmustleaphurdlesthatarehigherthanthosefacingtheirmalecompetitors,oftenwithoutrealizinganysuchdisparityexists.

E.Inotherwords,womendidn’tbecomescientistsbecausescience—andscientists—weremale.

F.Theytookthemattertothedean,whoappointedacommitteeofsixseniorwomenandthreeseniormentoinvestigatetheirconcerns.

問題5選項

A.Inalmostallcultures,femalescientistsreceivedlessfinancing,labspace,officesupportandgrantsforequipmentandtravel,evenaftertheresearcherscontrolledfordifferencesotherthansex.

B.JudithKleinfeld,aprofessoremeritusinthepsychologydepartmentattheUniversityofAlaska,arguesthattheM.I.T.studyisn’tpersuasivebecausethenumberoffacultymembersinvolvedistoosmallanduniversityofficialsrefusetoreleasethedata.

C.Butbroaderstudiesshowthattheperceptionofdiscriminationisoftenaccompaniedbyaveryrealdifferenceintheallotmentofresources.

D.Yetwomenpursuingtenuretrackmustleaphurdlesthatarehigherthanthosefacingtheirmalecompetitors,oftenwithoutrealizinganysuchdisparityexists.

E.Inotherwords,womendidn’tbecomescientistsbecausescience—andscientists—weremale.

F.Theytookthemattertothedean,whoappointedacommitteeofsixseniorwomenandthreeseniormentoinvestigatetheirconcerns.

【答案】第1題:F

第2題:E

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】1.聯(lián)系上下文。第二段開頭提到committee時，使用了定冠詞the修飾committee，說明前文該詞就已出現(xiàn)過，選項F中含有committee,也同樣提到了investigate,與下文的investigation呼應(yīng)。

2.聯(lián)系上下文?？崭袂耙痪涮峒皯?yīng)該指責(zé)的是麻省理工學(xué)院的男性文化(masculineculture)，而對此卻束手無策。選項E中提及女性沒有成為科學(xué)家是因為科學(xué)(或科學(xué)家)都是男性，與前文意思最為接近。

3.聯(lián)系上下文?？崭竦那耙痪渲刑岬讲⒉皇敲恳粋€人都同意在麻省理工暴露的問題就是歧視的這一說法，接下來作者很有可能要舉例說明該觀點。另外，第二段末提到了一個人名Kleinfeld,說明上文中一定交代了Kleinfeld的相關(guān)信息，選項中符合語境的只有選項B，其中提及的“M.I.T.studyisn’tpersuasive”與上文信息呼應(yīng)。

4.聯(lián)系上下文。空格前的段中提及Kleinfeld教授認為麻省理工的女性科學(xué)家被邊緣化不是因為性別歧視，而空格句所在段落的尾句指出大多數(shù)女物理學(xué)家所經(jīng)歷的事業(yè)問題通常來自于無意識的偏見(unconsciousbias),前后兩段內(nèi)容相反，由此可知，空格處句子表示轉(zhuǎn)折承接，C、D入選，而只有選項C中提及了discrimination,與下文遙相呼應(yīng)。

5.聯(lián)系上下文。選項A中的inalmostallcultures與上文中的across130countries互相呼應(yīng)。

14.單選題

Egyptianauthoritiesaretryingtopreventtheirhistoricalmonumentsfromsuccumbingtotheravagesoftime.

問題1選項

A.standingby

B.countingon

C.yieldingto

D.holdingup

【答案】C

【解析】考查詞組辨析。“historicalmonuments歷史遺跡”與"theravagesoftime時間的摧殘"之間的關(guān)系是時間能摧殘歷史遺跡。句意：埃及政府正努力阻止歷史遺跡（）時間的摧殘?？赏茢喑鰏uccumbingto是屈服的意思。standby支持，袖手旁觀；counton依賴，依靠；yieldto屈服，讓步；holdup舉起，阻擋。故C項正確。

15.單選題

After-salesserviceandguaranteebecomeanintegralandessentialpartofa“goodbrand”onbothlocalandregionallevels,andtheprovisionofsuchalsoproducedsolidgroundforcustomerloyalty.

Customerstodayarealotmoredemandingthanbefore.Beingabletofindafter-salesservicecreatesafeelingofconvenienceandasenseofresponsibilityfromthemanufacturer.Thisisveryimportanttobuildcustomerloyaltyandexplainswhymore24-hourshotlinecentersareavailablenowadays.Productguaranteeisalsooneofthemajorfactorswhenapotentialcustomerdecidestomakeapurchase.Whetherthisbeintheformofawrittenguaranteeoraguaranteebasedonreputation,theimportancetotheconsumerisself-evident.

Abrand’sresearchanddevelopment,anunavoidableinvestment,usuallybackupsafetyguaranteesformarketersnowadays.Producttestingandrefinementareconductedforbothnewandexistingproducts.Withthehelpofcomputerizedmachinery,qualitycontrolhasachievedthehighestlevelthaneverbeforetoenableconsistencyinproduction.Fortheconsumerthismeansaqualityofguaranteeforthatbrandwhetheritbeavailableathomeorabroad.

11.After-salesserviceandguaranteecanproduce____.

12.More24-hourhotlinecentersappearbecause____.

13.Productguarantee____.

14.Producttestingandrefinementareconductedfor____.

15.WhichisNOTmentionedconcerningproductguarantee?

問題1選項

A.solidgroundforcustomerloyalty

B.asenseofresponsibility

C.afeelingofconvenience

D.asenseofsatisfaction

問題2選項

A.moreandmorecustomersdemandafter-salesservices

B.therearemoreandmorecomplaintsfromcustomers

C.morecompaniescometorealizetheimportanceofafter-salesservice

D.theyhavebecomeanewtypeofinvestment

問題3選項

A.mustbeinwrittenform

B.canbebasedonthecompany’sreputation

C.isnotoftenprovidedbythecompanies

D.oftenfailstomeetinreality

問題4選項

A.newproductsonly

B.qualityproducts

C.dangerousproducts

D.bothnewandexistingproducts

問題5選項

A.Abrand’sresearchanddevelopment.

B.Producttestingandrefinement.

C.Qualitycontrol.

D.Productdistribution.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:D

【解析】11.【選項釋義】

After-salesserviceandguaranteecanproduce____.售后服務(wù)和產(chǎn)品保證可以產(chǎn)生____。

A.solidgroundforcustomerloyaltyA.客戶忠誠度的堅實基礎(chǔ)

B.asenseofresponsibilityB.責(zé)任感

C.afeelingofconvenienceC.一種便利的感覺

D.asenseofsatisfactionD.滿足感

【考查點】事實細節(jié)題

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞After-salesserviceandguarantee和produce定位到原文第一段。該段提到“售后服務(wù)和產(chǎn)品保證（After-salesserviceandguarantee）成為一個‘好品牌’在地方和地區(qū)層面上不可或缺的組成部分，這也為客戶忠誠度提供了堅實的基礎(chǔ)（producedsolidgroundforcustomerloyalty）?！睂嶋H上，第二段前半段寫售后服務(wù)的重要性，后半段寫產(chǎn)品保證的重要性。綜上所述，A選項“客戶忠誠度的堅實基礎(chǔ)”最符合原文。

【干擾項排除】

B選項“責(zé)任感”，可定位到原文第二段第二句，該句提到“能夠找到售后服務(wù)（Beingabletofindafter-salesservice），創(chuàng)造了一種便利的感覺，并且體現(xiàn)了制造商的責(zé)任感（asenseofresponsibility）。”由此可知，產(chǎn)生“制造商的責(zé)任感”的是“能夠找到售后服務(wù)”，并沒有包括“產(chǎn)品保證”，該選項屬于以偏概全；

C選項“一種便利的感覺”，可定位到原文第二段第二句，該句提到“能夠找到售后服務(wù)（Beingabletofindafter-salesservice），創(chuàng)造了一種便利的感覺（afeelingofconvenience）和制造商的責(zé)任感。”由此可知，產(chǎn)生“便利的感覺”的是“能夠找到售后服務(wù)”，并沒有包括“產(chǎn)品保證”，該選項屬于以偏概全；

D選項“滿足感”，原文并未提及，該選項屬于無中生有。

12.【選項釋義】

More24-hourhotlinecentersappearbecause____.更多的24小時熱線中心出現(xiàn)是因為____。

A.moreandmorecustomersdemandafter-salesservicesA.越來越多的客戶要求售后服務(wù)

B.therearemoreandmorecomplaintsfromcustomersB.客戶的抱怨越來越多了

C.morecompaniescometorealizetheimportanceofafter-salesserviceC.越來越多的公司開始意識到售后服務(wù)的重要性

D.theyhavebecomeanewtypeofinvestmentD.他們已經(jīng)成為一種新的投資方式

【考查點】推理判斷題

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞24-hourhotline和because定位到原文第二段第三句，該句提到“這（This）對建立客戶忠誠度非常重要，也解釋了為什么現(xiàn)在有更多的24小時熱線中心可使用。”“這（This）”指代的是前文提到的“現(xiàn)在的客戶比以前要求更高了。能夠找到售后服務(wù)，創(chuàng)造了一種便利的感覺和制造商的責(zé)任感。”其中，后者是“售后服務(wù)的重要性”。由此推斷，之所以越來越多的公司設(shè)立24小時服務(wù)熱線，是因為他們意識到售后服務(wù)可以給現(xiàn)在要求越來越高的客戶帶來一種便利的感覺，并且讓他們感受到公司的責(zé)任感。因此，C選項“越來越多的公司開始意識到售后服務(wù)的重要性”符合原文。

【干擾項排除】

A選項“越來越多的客戶要求售后服務(wù)”，原文雖然提到了現(xiàn)在的客戶要求更高了，但并沒有提到他們的要求是售后服務(wù)，也沒有提到提要求的客戶更多了，該選項屬于過度推理；

B選項“客戶的抱怨越來越多了”，原文只是提到客戶的要求更高了，但這并不意味著客戶的抱怨更多了，該選項屬于推理過度；

D選項“他們已經(jīng)成為一種新的投資方式”，investment可以定位到原文第三段第一句，該句提到“品牌的研發(fā)（Abrand’sresearchanddevelopment）是一項不可避免的投資。”由此可知，原文提到的“投資”是“產(chǎn)品研發(fā)”，而不是“售后服務(wù)和保障”；并且原文并未提到“售后服務(wù)和保障”是“一種新的投資方式”，該選項屬于無中生有。

13.【選項釋義】

Productguarantee____.產(chǎn)品保證____。

A.