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書(shū)山有路勤為徑,學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟!住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-上海體育職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解(圖片大小可自由調(diào)整)全文為Word可編輯,若為PDF皆為盜版,請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買(mǎi)!第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

MyfriendPaulwasbadlytakeninwhenhepaid$1000forthatsecond-handcar,itwasnotworth()

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.thatallmuch

B.allthatmuch

C.thatmuchall

D.muchallthat

【答案】B

【解析】考查修飾語(yǔ)。thatmuch通常用于口語(yǔ)中,用all修飾,進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣。所以本題選B。

2.填空題

Inthe8thcenturygigakufellintodisfavorbecauseitsfrivolous(愚蠢的)character________theJapaneserulersoftheperiod.(please)

【答案】displeased

【解析】【考查點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞。

【解題思路】because引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句,橫線(xiàn)處為謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)時(shí)間8thcentury,可知句子時(shí)態(tài)為一般過(guò)去時(shí)。這里指的是伎樂(lè)愚蠢可笑的特點(diǎn)讓統(tǒng)治者_(dá)_____,因此伎樂(lè)不受歡迎,displease的意思為“使惱怒,使生氣,使不悅”,符合語(yǔ)境,其過(guò)去式為displeased。

【句意】在8世紀(jì),伎樂(lè)因其愚蠢可笑的特點(diǎn),當(dāng)時(shí)的日本統(tǒng)治者聽(tīng)了不悅,因此不受歡迎。

3.翻譯題

ReadthefollowingtextcarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsegmentsintoChinese.YourtranslationshouldbewrittenneatlyontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)

Scholars,writersandteachersinthemodernacademiccommunityhavestrongfeelingsaboutacknowledgingtheuseofanotherperson’sideas.IntheEnglish-speakingworld,thetermplagiarismisusedtolabelthepracticeofnotgivingcreditforthesourceofone’sideas.Simplystated,plagiarismis“thewrongfulappropriationandpublicationasone’sownoftheideas,ortheexpressionofideasofanother.”

Thepenaltiesforplagiarismvaryfromsituationtosituation.Inmanyuniversities,thepunishmentmayrangefromfailureinaparticularcoursetoexpulsionfromtheuniversity.(46)Intheliteraryworld,wherewritersareprotectedfromplagiarismbyinternationalcopyrightlaws,thepenaltymayrangefromasmallfinetoimprisonmentandaruinedcareer.Protectionofscholarsandwriters,throughthecopyrightlawsandthroughthesocialpressuresoftheacademicandliterarycommunities,isarelativelyrecentconcept.

(47)Students,asinexperiencedscholarsthemselves,mustavoidvarioustypesofplagiarismbybeingself-criticalintheiruseofotherscholars’ideasandbygivingappropriatecreditforthesourceofborrowedideasandwords,otherwisedireconsequencesmayoccur.Thereareatleastthreeclassificationsofplagiarismasitisrevealedinstudents’inexactnessinidentifyingsourcesproperly.Theyareplagiarismbyaccident,byignorance,andbyintention.

Plagiarismbyaccident,oroversight,sometimesistheresultofthewriter’sinabilitytodecideorrememberwheretheideacamefrom.Hemayhavereaditlongago,hearditinalecturesinceforgotten,oracquireditsecond-handorthird-handfromdiscussionswithcolleagues.(48)Althoughthistypeofplagiarismmustbeguardedagainstitistheleastseriousand,iflessonslearned,canbeexemptfrombeingseverelypunished.

Plagiarismthroughignoranceissimplyawayofsayingthatinexperiencedwritersoftendonotknowhoworwhentoacknowledgetheirsources.Thetechniquesfordocumentation—note-taking,quoting,footnoting,listingbibliography—areeasilylearnedandcanpreventthewriterfrommakingunknowingmistakesoromissionsinhisreferences.(49)Although“thereisnocopyrightinnews,orinideas,onlyintheexpressionofthem.”thewritercannotpleadignorancewhenhissourcesforideasarechallenged.

Themostseriouskindofacademicthieveryisplagiarismbyintention.Thewrite,limitedbyhislazinessanddullness,copiesthethoughtsandlanguageofothersandclaimsthemforhisown.Henotonlysteals,hetriestodeceivethereaderintobelievingtheideasareoriginal.Suchwordsasimmoral,dishonest,offensive,anddespicableareusedtodescribethepracticeofplagiarismbyintention.

Theoppositeofplagiarismisacknowledgement.Allmatureandtrustworthywritersmakeuseoftheideasofothersbuttheyarecarefultoacknowledgetheirindebtednesstotheirsources.(50)Students,asdevelopingscholars,writers,teachers,andprofessionalleaders,shouldrecognizeandassumetheirresponsibilitytodocumentallsourcesfromwhichlanguageandthoughtsareborrowed.Othermembersoftheprofessionwillnotonlyrespectthescholarship,theywilladmirethehumilityandhonesty.

【答案】【參考譯文】

46.在文學(xué)界,作者受到國(guó)際版權(quán)法的保護(hù),免受剽竊,處罰范圍從小額罰款到監(jiān)禁和毀掉職業(yè)生涯不等。

47.作為沒(méi)有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的學(xué)者,學(xué)生必須避免各種類(lèi)型的剽竊和抄襲,在使用其他學(xué)者的想法時(shí)要自我批評(píng),對(duì)借用的思想和詞語(yǔ)的來(lái)源給予適當(dāng)?shù)馁潛P(yáng),否則會(huì)發(fā)生可怕的后果。

48.盡管這類(lèi)剽竊必須加以防范,但它是最不嚴(yán)重的,如果吸取了教訓(xùn),可以免于受到嚴(yán)厲的懲罰。

49.盡管“新聞和思想沒(méi)有版權(quán),只有它們的表達(dá)方式”,但當(dāng)作者的思想來(lái)源受到質(zhì)疑時(shí),他不能以無(wú)知為借口。

50.作為發(fā)展中的學(xué)者、作家、教師和職業(yè)領(lǐng)袖,學(xué)生應(yīng)該意識(shí)到并承擔(dān)自己的責(zé)任,記錄所有引用的語(yǔ)言和思想的來(lái)源。

4.單選題

Ultimately,thecaseprovedtohavenothingtodowithhim.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Remarkably

B.Presumably

C.Noticeably

D.Eventually

【答案】D

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.Remarkably顯著地B.Presumably大概;想必

C.Noticeably明顯地D.Eventually最終

【答案】D

【考查點(diǎn)】副詞辨析

【解題思路】原詞Ultimately“最終”,D選項(xiàng)Eventually“最終”與之語(yǔ)義最接近。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、C選項(xiàng)不符合原文語(yǔ)義。

【句意】最終證明這一案件與他無(wú)關(guān)。

5.單選題

Thevalueoftheindustrial()droppedfromabout70billiondollarstoslightlymorethan31billion.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.outcome

B.outlook

C.output

D.outset

【答案】C

【解析】常用搭配。industrialoutput指"工業(yè)產(chǎn)量",為常用搭配。句意:工業(yè)產(chǎn)值從700億美元下降到310多億美元。選項(xiàng)C正確。

6.單選題

Illicitloveistherootofmanydivorceactions.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Unreal

B.Untrue

C.Unlawful

D.Loquacious

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。illicit意為“法律不許可的,非法的”;unreal意為“假的,不真實(shí)的”;unlawful意為“非法的,違法的”;loquacious意為“話(huà)多的,健談的”。

句意:婚外情是許多離婚訴訟的根源。

7.翻譯題

TWOnuclearbombsareamongmanycuriousmachineswhichtheScienceMuseumstoresatanoldairfieldinWiltshire.AnearlyhovercraftstandswithafleetofsubmersiblesandatruckthatonceroamedtheAntarctic.Nowanewacquisitionisontheway.Aroundtherunwayworkersarepreparingtolayout155,000solarpanels—atabout170acres,oneofthebiggestsolarfarmsinBritain.

ThoughBritain’shillsidesarepepperedwithwindturbines,solarpanelsproducelessthanhalfofonepercentofitspower.RacingtohitaEuropeantargetthatrequiresittogenerate30%ofitselectricityfromrenewablesourcesby2020,thegovernmentwantsalotmore.GregoryBarker,anenergyminister,saysthesolarindustrycouldexpandsixfoldwithinadecade.Laidontheground,thatmanypanelswouldfillanareaofabout150squaremiles.

Fieldsfullofsolarpanelsarelessobtrusivethanhillsideturbines,andsimplertoinstall.Whereasoppositiontowindpowerismounting,about85%ofBritonsbacknewsolarprojects.Bigarraysmayevenencouragesomekindsofwildlife,forexamplebyshelteringground-nestingbirds.

Itisalsogettingcheaper.Thecostofinstallingsolarpanelshasfallenbyhalfsince2010duetoheavydeploymentinGermanyandelsewhere.WeakBritishsunlightmakesenergyfromsolarfarmsabout25%moreexpensivethanfromonshorewindturbines—andmorethantwicethewholesalepriceofpower—butthegovernmentexpectsa20%reductionby2020.

Solarcompaniessayministersmustdomore.Planners,fearingeyesores,aregrowinglessco-operative(complaintsfromruralcampaignersareholdinguptheScienceMuseum’sarray).Gridconnectionsaregettingmoreexpensiveasdeveloperschoosesiteseverfartherfrombigtowns.

Yetcautioniswise,fortworeasons.First,heftyinvestmentinsunniercountriesmeansthepriceofpanelswillkeepfallingwithoutmuchhelpfromBritishtaxpayers;governmentcashmightgomuchfurtherinayearortwo.

Second,thepriceofsolarpanelsreflectsonlypartofthetechnology’scosts.Panelsproduceverylittlepowerduringwinter;insummertheycangeneratetoomuch.TheNationalGrid,whichmanagesBritain’spower-transmissionnetwork,saysthatabigsolarprogrammewouldmeanfindingextracashtomitigatetheseswingsinsupply.Apreponderanceofpanelsisalreadymakingitdifficulttobuildmorefarmsinthesunnysouth-west.

IfBritainisseriousabouthittingitslegally-bindingtargetforrenewablegeneration,moresolarseemsinevitable.Buttheroofsofoffices,factoriesandwarehousesarethebestplacesforit.Puttingpanelstherelowersenergybillsforbusinesseswhileplacinglessstrainonlocalgrids.Thatseemsabrighteridea.

【答案】【參考譯文】

科學(xué)博物館將許多稀奇古怪的機(jī)器儲(chǔ)藏在位于威爾特郡的廢舊機(jī)場(chǎng)里,這其中就包括兩枚核彈。還有一艘早期的氣墊船,一排潛水器,和一輛曾經(jīng)馳騁于南極洲的卡車(chē)?,F(xiàn)如今,一項(xiàng)新的收藏將要加入它們的行列。工人們準(zhǔn)備在跑道的周?chē)?55000張?zhí)?yáng)能板。該工程占地約170英畝,將有望成為英國(guó)最大的太陽(yáng)能發(fā)電廠(chǎng)。

盡管不列顛的山坡上布滿(mǎn)了用來(lái)發(fā)電的風(fēng)輪機(jī),并且其發(fā)電量差不多是太陽(yáng)能板發(fā)電量的兩百多倍。然而面對(duì)亟待實(shí)現(xiàn)的目標(biāo),英國(guó)政府還有很長(zhǎng)的路要走。歐盟已攻足了目標(biāo):截至2020年,歐盟成員國(guó)30%的電力供給要來(lái)自可再生能源。能源部長(zhǎng)格當(dāng)戈里?巴克爾說(shuō),在未來(lái)的千年內(nèi)太陽(yáng)能行業(yè)將擴(kuò)展六倍。若將如此多數(shù)量的太陽(yáng)能板平鋪開(kāi)來(lái),它們將覆蓋150平方英里的區(qū)域。

布滿(mǎn)太陽(yáng)能板的區(qū)域看上去并不會(huì)如山坡上的風(fēng)輪機(jī)那樣突兀,并且太陽(yáng)能板安裝起來(lái)也比風(fēng)輪機(jī)更簡(jiǎn)單。相比于風(fēng)力發(fā)電受到越來(lái)越多的反對(duì),新的太陽(yáng)能項(xiàng)目卻獲得了大約有85%的英國(guó)人的支持。大范圍地鋪設(shè)太陽(yáng)能板甚至有利于某些野生動(dòng)物的生存。例如一些筑巢的鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)將其作為遮蔽隱藏之所。

此外,利用太陽(yáng)能發(fā)電也變得越來(lái)越便宜了。由于德國(guó)以及其他一些國(guó)家強(qiáng)化部署發(fā)展太陽(yáng)能產(chǎn)業(yè),自2010年以來(lái),安裝太陽(yáng)能板的成本已經(jīng)降低了一半。英國(guó)較弱的光照條件使得來(lái)自太陽(yáng)能的電力要比近海風(fēng)力發(fā)電所產(chǎn)生的電力貴25%,電力批發(fā)價(jià)格方面前者更是后者的兩倍多。然而,英國(guó)政府預(yù)期,到2020年太陽(yáng)能電費(fèi)將降低20%。

太陽(yáng)能公司認(rèn)為,部長(zhǎng)們需要有更大的作為。由于擔(dān)心影響美觀(guān),規(guī)劃師們?cè)絹?lái)越不合作(來(lái)自鄉(xiāng)村的反對(duì)者們的抱怨阻礙了科學(xué)博物館的部署)。因?yàn)殚_(kāi)發(fā)者們選址離大城鎮(zhèn)越來(lái)越遠(yuǎn),并網(wǎng)的成本也越來(lái)越高。

然而基于兩方面的理由考慮,謹(jǐn)慎行事才是明智之舉。一方面,光照充足的國(guó)家向該行業(yè)注入巨額投資意味著:即使沒(méi)有英國(guó)政府的資金投入,太陽(yáng)能板的價(jià)格將會(huì)持續(xù)下跌?;蛟S未來(lái)一兩年投入政府資金會(huì)帶來(lái)更深遠(yuǎn)的影響。

另一方面,太陽(yáng)能板的價(jià)格僅僅反映了一部分該項(xiàng)技術(shù)的成本。太陽(yáng)能電池板在冬天的發(fā)電量很低,而夏天又能產(chǎn)生大量電能。經(jīng)營(yíng)英國(guó)輸電網(wǎng)絡(luò)的英國(guó)國(guó)家電力供應(yīng)公司稱(chēng),實(shí)施大型太陽(yáng)能供電項(xiàng)目將意味著同時(shí)需要尋求額外的資金投入來(lái)中和這種電力供應(yīng)上的波動(dòng)。在陽(yáng)光燦爛的西南地區(qū),漫山遍野的太陽(yáng)能電池板幾乎已經(jīng)布滿(mǎn)了整個(gè)區(qū)域。人們很難再找到余地去建造更多的太陽(yáng)能發(fā)電廠(chǎng)。

如果英國(guó)真的打算實(shí)現(xiàn)具有法律約束力的可再生能源電力供應(yīng)目標(biāo),尋求更多的太陽(yáng)能發(fā)電似乎不可避免。然而,或許辦公室、工廠(chǎng)以及倉(cāng)庫(kù)的房頂才是太陽(yáng)能電池板最好的安家之處。這樣做能夠在降低商業(yè)用電費(fèi)用的同時(shí)減輕地方電網(wǎng)的負(fù)擔(dān)。這似乎是個(gè)更明智的主意。

8.單選題

It’shardlynewsthattheimmigrationsystemisamess.Foreignnationalshavelongbeenslippingacrosstheborderwithfakepapers,andvisitorswhoarriveintheU.S.legitimatelyoftenoverstaytheirlegalwelcomewithoutbeingpunished.ButsinceSept.11,it’sbecomeclearthatterroristshavebeenshrewdlyfactoringtheweaknessesofoursystemintotheirplans.Inadditiontotheirmasteryofforgingpassports,atleastthreeofthe19Sept.11hijackerswerehereonexpiredvisas.That’sbeenasafebetuntilnow.TheImmigrationandNaturalizationService(INS)lackstheresources,andapparentlytheinclination,tokeeptrackoftheestimated2millionforeignerswhohaveintentionallyoverstayedtheirwelcome.

Butthislaxnesstowardimmigrationfraudmaybeabouttochange.Congresshasalreadytakensomemodeststeps.TheU.S.A.PatriotAct,passedinthewakeoftheSept.11tragedy,requirestheFBI,theJusticeDepartment,theStateDepartmentandtheINStosharemoredata,whichwillmakeiteasiertostopwatch-listedterroristsattheborder.

Butwhat’sreallyneeded,criticssay,iseventougherlawsandmoreresourcesaimedattighteningupbordersecurity.Reformersarecallingforarollbackofrulesthathinderlawenforcement.TheyalsowanttheINStohirehundredsmoreborderpatrolagentsandinvestigatorstokeepillegalimmigrantsoutandtotrackthemdownoncethey’rehere.ReformersalsowanttoseetheINSsetupadatabasetomonitorwhethervisaholdersactuallyleavethecountrywhentheyarerequiredto.

Alltheseproposedchangeswerepartofanewborder-securitybillthatpassedtheHouseofRepresentativesbutdiedintheSenatelastweek.BeforeSept.11,legislationofthiskindhadbeenblockedbytwopowerfullobbies:universities,whichrelyontuitionfromforeignstudentswhocouldbekeptoutbythenewlaw,andbusiness,whichreliesonforeignersforcheaplabor.Sincetheattacks,they’vebackedoff.Thebillwouldhavepassedthistimebutforcongressionalmaneuveringsandisexpectedtobereintroducedandtopassnextyear.

Alsoontheagendafornextyear:aproposal,backedbysomeinfluentiallaw-makers,tosplittheINSintotwoagencies—agoodcopthatwouldtendtoservicefunctionslikeprocessingcitizenshippapersandabadcopthatwouldconcentrateonborderinspections,deportationandotherfunctions.Onereasonforthedivision,supporterssay,isthattheINShasinrecentyearsbecometoofocusedonservingtouristsandimmigrants.AftertheSept.11tragedy,theINSshouldpaymoreattentiontoservingthemillionsofordinaryAmericanswhorelyonthenation’sbordersecuritytoprotectthemfromterroristattacks.

1.Terroristshaveobviouslytakenadvantageof____.

2.WelearnfromthepassagethatcoordinatedeffortswillbemadebyvariousU.S.governmentagenciesto____.

3.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatbeforeSept.11,alienswithexpiredvisas____.

4.ItisbelievedbymanythatalltheseyearstheINS____.

5.BeforeSept.11,theU.S.Congresshadbeenunabletopassstricterimmigrationlawsbecause____.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.thelegalprivilegesgrantedtoforeigners

B.theexcessivehospitalityoftheAmericanpeople

C.theirresponsibilityoftheofficialsatbordercheckpoints

D.thelowefficiencyoftheImmigrationandNaturalizationService

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.refusetherenewingofexpiredvisas

B.wardoffterroristsuspectsattheborder

C.preventtheforgeryofimmigrationpapers

D.limitthenumberofimmigrantstotheU.S.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.mighthavethemextendedwithouttrouble

B.wouldbecloselywatchedbyFBIagents

C.mightstayonforaslongastheywished

D.wouldliveinconstantfearofdeportation

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.hasbeenservingtwocontradictoryfunctions

B.hasbeentooliberalingrantingvisastotouristsandimmigrantsindiscriminately

C.hasover-emphasizeditsservicefunctionsattheexpenseofthenation’ssecurity

D.hasignoredthepleasofthetwopowerfullobbies

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.theymighthavekeptawayforeignstudentsandcheaplabor

B.itwasdifficulttocoordinatetheeffortsofthecongressmen

C.educationandbusinesscirclescaredlittleaboutnationalsecurity

D.resourceswerenotavailablefortheirenforcement

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】1.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Terroristshaveobviouslytakenadvantageof____.顯然,恐怖分子利用了____。

A.thelegalprivilegesgrantedtoforeignersA.給予外國(guó)人的法律特權(quán)

B.theexcessivehospitalityoftheAmericanpeopleB.美國(guó)人民的盛情款待

C.theirresponsibilityoftheofficialsatbordercheckpointsC.邊境檢查站官員的不負(fù)責(zé)任

D.thelowefficiencyoftheImmigrationandNaturalizationServiceD.移民歸化局的低效率

【答案】D

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干信息可定位到第一段“很明顯,恐怖分子在他們的計(jì)劃中精明地考慮到了我們體系的弱點(diǎn)?!币约啊耙泼窈蜌w化局既沒(méi)有資源也沒(méi)有傾向去追蹤這些人?!庇纱丝芍植婪肿邮抢昧艘泼駳w化局的不作為。因此選D。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“給予外國(guó)人的法律特權(quán)”,文中沒(méi)有提及給予外國(guó)人法律特權(quán),該選項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有;

B選項(xiàng)“美國(guó)人民的盛情款待”,文中沒(méi)有提及,該選項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有;

C選項(xiàng)“邊境檢查站官員的不負(fù)責(zé)任”,文中沒(méi)有提及,該選項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有。

2.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

WelearnfromthepassagethatcoordinatedeffortswillbemadebyvariousU.S.governmentagenciesto____.我們從文章中了解到,美國(guó)各政府機(jī)構(gòu)將協(xié)同努力____。

A.refusetherenewingofexpiredvisasA.拒絕延長(zhǎng)過(guò)期簽證

B.wardoffterroristsuspectsattheborderB.在邊境阻止恐怖分子嫌疑人

C.preventtheforgeryofimmigrationpapersC.防止偽造移民文件

D.limitthenumberofimmigrantstotheU.S.D.限制移民美國(guó)的人數(shù)

【答案】B

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干信息可定位到第二段最后一句“《美國(guó)愛(ài)國(guó)者法案》要求聯(lián)邦調(diào)查局、司法部、國(guó)務(wù)院和移民局共享更多數(shù)據(jù),這將更容易在邊境阻止列入監(jiān)視名單的恐怖分子(stopwatch-listedterroristsattheborder)?!币虼诉xB。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“拒絕延長(zhǎng)過(guò)期簽證”,文章沒(méi)有提及,該選項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有;

C選項(xiàng)“防止偽造移民文件”,文章沒(méi)有提及,該選項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有;

D選項(xiàng)“限制移民美國(guó)的人數(shù)”,文中提及“他們還希望移民歸化局雇傭數(shù)百名邊境巡邏人員和調(diào)查人員,將非法移民拒之門(mén)外”但是這并不是美國(guó)政府各機(jī)構(gòu)協(xié)同做的,該選項(xiàng)屬于張冠李戴。

3.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatbeforeSept.11,alienswithexpiredvisas____.從文章中可以推斷,在9?11事件之前,持有過(guò)期簽證的外國(guó)人____。

A.mighthavethemextendedwithouttroubleA.可能會(huì)毫不費(fèi)力地延長(zhǎng)簽證

B.wouldbecloselywatchedbyFBIagentsB.將受到聯(lián)邦調(diào)查局特工的密切監(jiān)視

C.mightstayonforaslongastheywishedC.可以想待多久就待多久

D.wouldliveinconstantfearofdeportationD.一直生活在被驅(qū)逐出境的恐懼中

【答案】C

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干信息可定位到第一段第二句“長(zhǎng)期以來(lái),外國(guó)公民一直在用假證件偷渡邊境,而合法抵達(dá)美國(guó)的游客經(jīng)常在不受法律歡迎的情況下逾期居留,而沒(méi)有受到懲罰?!币约白詈笠痪洹皳?jù)估計(jì),有200萬(wàn)外國(guó)人故意滯留時(shí)間過(guò)長(zhǎng),移民和歸化局既沒(méi)有資源也沒(méi)有傾向去追蹤這些人。”由此可推斷這些外國(guó)人在9?11事件之前想呆多久就呆多久,因?yàn)闆](méi)有任何懲罰,移民歸化局也不會(huì)采取措施。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“可能會(huì)毫不費(fèi)力地延長(zhǎng)簽證”,文中沒(méi)有提及,該選項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有;

B選項(xiàng)“將受到聯(lián)邦調(diào)查局特工的密切監(jiān)視”,文中提到“他們還希望移民歸化局雇傭數(shù)百名邊境巡邏人員和調(diào)查人員,將非法移民拒之門(mén)外,并在他們抵達(dá)后進(jìn)行追蹤?!钡沁@是9?11事件后人們呼吁的,9?11事件前文中提到“據(jù)估計(jì),有200萬(wàn)外國(guó)人故意滯留時(shí)間過(guò)長(zhǎng),移民和歸化局既沒(méi)有資源也沒(méi)有傾向去追蹤這些人?!庇纱丝芍麄儾⒉皇鼙O(jiān)視,該選項(xiàng)屬于反向干擾;

D選項(xiàng)“一直生活在被驅(qū)逐出境的恐懼中”,文中提到“據(jù)估計(jì),有200萬(wàn)外國(guó)人故意滯留時(shí)間過(guò)長(zhǎng),移民和歸化局既沒(méi)有資源也沒(méi)有傾向去追蹤這些人?!庇纱丝芍獩](méi)有人去追蹤他們,因此他們不生活在被驅(qū)逐出境的恐懼中,該選項(xiàng)屬于反向干擾。

4.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

ItisbelievedbymanythatalltheseyearstheINS____.許多人認(rèn)為,這些年來(lái),INS____。

A.hasbeenservingtwocontradictoryfunctionsA.一直在履行兩個(gè)相互矛盾的職能

B.hasbeentooliberalingrantingvisastotouristsandimmigrantsindiscriminatelyB.在不加區(qū)別地向游客和移民發(fā)放簽證方面過(guò)于自由

C.hasover-emphasizeditsservicefunctionsattheexpenseofthenation’ssecurityC.以國(guó)家安全為代價(jià),過(guò)分強(qiáng)調(diào)其服務(wù)功能

D.hasignoredthepleasofthetwopowerfullobbiesD.一直無(wú)視這兩個(gè)強(qiáng)大游說(shuō)團(tuán)體的請(qǐng)求

【答案】C

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干信息可定位到最后一段“支持者說(shuō),造成這種分歧的一個(gè)原因是,移民局近年來(lái)過(guò)于專(zhuān)注于為游客和移民服務(wù)(becometoofocusedonservingtouristsandimmigrants)?!币虼诉xC。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“一直在履行兩個(gè)相互矛盾的職能”,文中提到“提議將移民局分成兩個(gè)機(jī)構(gòu)”,由此可知是提議將其分成兩個(gè)機(jī)構(gòu),并不是一直都在履行兩個(gè)矛盾的職能,該選項(xiàng)屬于反向干擾;

B選項(xiàng)“在不加區(qū)別地向游客和移民發(fā)放簽證方面過(guò)于自由”,文中沒(méi)有提及,該選項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有;

D選項(xiàng)“一直無(wú)視這兩個(gè)強(qiáng)大游說(shuō)團(tuán)體的請(qǐng)求”,文中沒(méi)有提及,該選項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有。

5.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

BeforeSept.11,theU.S.Congresshadbeenunabletopassstricterimmigrationlawsbecause____.在9?11事件之前,美國(guó)國(guó)會(huì)一直未能通過(guò)更嚴(yán)格的移民法,原因是____。

A.theymighthavekeptawayforeignstudentsandcheaplaborA.他們可能會(huì)把外國(guó)學(xué)生和廉價(jià)勞動(dòng)力拒之門(mén)外

B.itwasdifficulttocoordinatetheeffortsofthecongressmenB.協(xié)調(diào)國(guó)會(huì)議員們的努力是很困難的

C.educationandbusinesscirclescaredlittleaboutnationalsecurityC.教育界和企業(yè)界對(duì)國(guó)家安全的關(guān)心甚少

D.resourceswerenotavailablefortheirenforcementD.沒(méi)有資源來(lái)執(zhí)行它們

【答案】A

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干信息可定位到倒數(shù)第二段第二句“在9?11事件之前,這類(lèi)立法曾被兩大強(qiáng)大的游說(shuō)團(tuán)體阻撓:大學(xué)和商界,前者依賴(lài)外國(guó)學(xué)生的學(xué)費(fèi),而外國(guó)學(xué)生(foreignstudents)可能會(huì)被新法律拒之門(mén)外;后者則依賴(lài)外國(guó)人提供廉價(jià)勞動(dòng)力(cheaplabor)?!庇纱丝芍绻路赏ㄟ^(guò),那么外國(guó)學(xué)生和廉價(jià)勞動(dòng)力會(huì)被擋在國(guó)外。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B選項(xiàng)“協(xié)調(diào)國(guó)會(huì)議員們的努力是很困難的”,文中提及“如果不是國(guó)會(huì)的操縱,該法案本應(yīng)在這次獲得通過(guò),預(yù)計(jì)該法案將在明年重新提出并獲得通過(guò)?!边@是發(fā)生在9?11事件之后的并不是之前,該選項(xiàng)屬于張冠李戴;

C選項(xiàng)“教育界和企業(yè)界對(duì)國(guó)家安全的關(guān)心甚少”,文中提到“這類(lèi)立法曾被兩大強(qiáng)大的游說(shuō)團(tuán)體阻撓:大學(xué)和商界”,但是并不是說(shuō)教育界和企業(yè)界不關(guān)心國(guó)家安全,該選項(xiàng)曲解原文,屬于過(guò)度推斷;

D選項(xiàng)“沒(méi)有資源來(lái)執(zhí)行它們”,根據(jù)文章可知,并不是沒(méi)有資源執(zhí)行它們,而是受到兩大游說(shuō)團(tuán)體的阻撓,該選項(xiàng)屬于反向干擾。

9.單選題

Ifthepopulationkeepsongrowing,therewilleventuallynotbeenoughresourceslefttosustainlifeontheearth.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.maintain

B.pertain

C.retain

D.continue

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。sustain表示“維持”;A項(xiàng)maintain“主張,維持,繼續(xù)”,B項(xiàng)pertain“適合,從屬”,C項(xiàng)retain“保持,記住”,D項(xiàng)continue“繼續(xù),延續(xù)”。句意:如果人口繼續(xù)增長(zhǎng),最終將沒(méi)有足夠的資源來(lái)維持地球上的生命。根據(jù)句意可知,該題選擇A項(xiàng)正確。

10.單選題

AnemergencyrightsissuebyHBOSwasaflop:only8.3%oftheBritishbank’ssharesweretakenupbyinvestors.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.misfeasance

B.washout

C.flame

D.optima

【答案】B

【解析】考查近義名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)misfeasance“過(guò)失;行為失檢;不當(dāng)行為”;B選項(xiàng)washout“沖刷;失敗者”;C選項(xiàng)flame“火焰;熱情;光輝”;D選項(xiàng)optima“最合適條件;最佳狀態(tài)”。句意:蘇格蘭哈里法克斯銀行(HBOS)的一次緊急配股發(fā)行失敗了:投資者只認(rèn)購(gòu)了這家英國(guó)銀行8.3%的股份。flop“徹底失敗,不成功;沉重、松散又笨拙的動(dòng)作”,B選項(xiàng)與該詞意思最相近,因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

11.單選題

Weallwanttostandfirstinline,firstintheheartsofourcountry,firstinthepolls,firstinthestandings.The(1)ofNumberOneissurelyanimportantthinginsports,butforuniversities,beingfirstisnotasimportantasbeing(2)thebest.

Thetwenty-firstcenturyshowsno(3)ofinterestamongresearchers,institutions,donors,boardsoftrustees,andgovernmentsinusingvariousuniversityrankingsto(4)theperformanceofhighereducationinstitutions.Mostnationalresearchuniversitiesmeasurethemselves(5)awiderangeofdimensionsthattheinstitutionsbelieveimportantfordeterminingimprovementandsuccess.Atthesametime,nosingleindicatororcompositenumber(6)representswhatanindividualinstitutionhasdone,cando,orwilldo.Toimprovethequalityandproductivityofa(7)nationalresearchuniversity,itsfaculty,students,staff,andsupportersneedto(8)anumberofindicatorsthat,(9)together,giveareasonableapproximationofaccomplishmentandstrength(10)tothebestuniversitiesinthecountry.

Manyindicators(11)thispurpose,butmostobserversknowthatresearch(12)morethananythingelsein(13)thebestinstitutions.Initsannualreports,TheCenterprovidesboththe(14)researchanddevelopmentexpendituresandthehighly-competitivefederally(15)researchanddevelopmentexpendituresasindicatorsofresearchscale.(16)thedollarsgiveagoodapproximationofresearchactivity,(17)isthefacultywhoprovidethecriticalresourceforuniversitysuccess,andTheCenterreportsthenumberofmembersoftheNationalAcademiesamonganinstitution’sfacultyalongwiththenumberofsignificantfacultyawardsearnedasindicatorsoffacultydistinction.Studentsprovidea(18)indicatorbyreflectingboththeexternallyperceivedqualityoftheinstitutionand(19)withtheirowncredentialsanimportantcontributiontothatquality.Forthegraduateandresearchinstructionaldimension,TheCenterprovidesthenumberofdoctorates(20)andthenumberofpostdoctoralappointmentssupported;andTheCenteroffersmedianSATscoresasindicatorsofstudentcompetitiveness.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.eager

B.ambition

C.pursuit

D.desire

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.in

B.among

C.for

D.on

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.fewer

B.lessening

C.weaker

D.worsening

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.assess

B.assume

C.comment

D.reflect

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.as

B.for

C.on

D.in

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A.moderately

B.accurately

C.equitably

D.fairly

問(wèn)題7選項(xiàng)

A.major

B.main

C.basic

D.fundamental

問(wèn)題8選項(xiàng)

A.pursue

B.evaluate

C.follow

D.appraise

問(wèn)題9選項(xiàng)

A.taken

B.got

C.getting

D.taking

問(wèn)題10選項(xiàng)

A.reference

B.superior

C.close

D.relative

問(wèn)題11選項(xiàng)

A.meet

B.serve

C.fill

D.integrate

問(wèn)題12選項(xiàng)

A.implies

B.means

C.symbolizes

D.matters

問(wèn)題13選項(xiàng)

A.determining

B.disclosing

C.differentiating

D.defining

問(wèn)題14選項(xiàng)

A.total

B.whole

C.major

D.sum

問(wèn)題15選項(xiàng)

A.recognized

B.sponsored

C.sponsoring

D.recognizing

問(wèn)題16選項(xiàng)

A.However

B.Therefore

C.While

D.Nevertheless

問(wèn)題17選項(xiàng)

A.that

B.which

C.this

D.it

問(wèn)題18選項(xiàng)

A.second

B.double

C.twice

D.twin

問(wèn)題19選項(xiàng)

A.providing

B.provide

C.provided

D.provision

問(wèn)題20選項(xiàng)

A.won

B.awarded

C.awarding

D.winning

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:C

第6題:B

第7題:A

第8題:C

第9題:A

第10題:D

第11題:B

第12題:D

第13題:D

第14題:A

第15題:B

第16題:C

第17題:D

第18題:B

第19題:A

第20題:B

【解析】(1)語(yǔ)義連接。此處表示對(duì)第一的爭(zhēng)奪,追求。Eager渴望;ambition抱負(fù);pursuit追求;desire要求。

(2)邏輯分析。..foruniversities,beingfirstisnotasimportant:對(duì)許多大學(xué)來(lái)說(shuō),成為第一并不重要...。universities:用的是復(fù)數(shù)形式,可推測(cè)此處為:在一堆的大學(xué)中進(jìn)行比較,故選擇B項(xiàng)。

(3)語(yǔ)義連接。第一段提到到處可以見(jiàn)到爭(zhēng)“第一”的現(xiàn)象,所以這種現(xiàn)象在現(xiàn)在依舊沒(méi)有減少,由此得出選擇B:減輕,變小,nolessening:沒(méi)有減小,符合句意。Fewer更少;lessening減輕,變小;weaker較弱的;worsening惡化的。

(4)動(dòng)詞辨析。空格處選A,意思是:評(píng)估高等院校的績(jī)效。A:評(píng)估;B:假設(shè);C:評(píng)論;D:反映。

(5)固定搭配。onawiderangeofdimensions:在一個(gè)更為廣闊的空間。

(6)副詞辨析。上一句提到評(píng)估要在一個(gè)更為廣闊的空間進(jìn)行,所以下一句句意為:nosingleindicatororcompositenumber...represents:?jiǎn)蝹€(gè)的指標(biāo)或合成數(shù)不能準(zhǔn)確地反映出情況,選B:精準(zhǔn)地,準(zhǔn)確地。A:適度地;C:公正地;D:公平地。

(7)固定搭配。majornationalresearchuniversity:重點(diǎn)國(guó)家級(jí)研究型大學(xué)。

(8)動(dòng)詞辨析。對(duì)大學(xué)的評(píng)估要依據(jù)不同的指標(biāo),故選擇C,依據(jù)。A:追趕;B:評(píng)價(jià),評(píng)估;D:評(píng)價(jià),鑒定。

(9)固定搭配。takentogether:總算,合起來(lái)。

(10)短語(yǔ)辨析。giveareasonableapproximationofaccomplishmentandstrength20tothebestuniversitiesinthecountry:對(duì)其成績(jī)與實(shí)務(wù)給出一個(gè)合理的近似值,參照國(guó)內(nèi)最好的大學(xué)。由此得出選擇D:relativeto:相對(duì)于,涉及,有關(guān)。A:參考,參照,是名詞,后面不接介詞。B:superiorto:優(yōu)于,比...越。C:closeto:接近。

(11)動(dòng)詞辨析。上文提到對(duì)研究院的考核要遵循一些指標(biāo),故Manyindicatorsservesthispurpose:許多指標(biāo)服務(wù)于這個(gè)目的,故選擇B:服務(wù)。

(12)動(dòng)詞辨析。句意:研究院的成果對(duì)學(xué)院的考核很重要。因此D項(xiàng)符合句意。A:暗示;B:手段,方式;C:象征,代表;D:要緊。

(13)動(dòng)詞辨析。此處句意為:依據(jù)指標(biāo)對(duì)研究院進(jìn)行考核,再評(píng)定其是不是最好的學(xué)院。故D項(xiàng)符合句意。A:測(cè)定,決定;B:公開(kāi);C:區(qū)分;D:定義,界定。

(14)形容詞辨析。Initsannualreports意思是:在年度報(bào)告中。所以推測(cè)此處為:搜集全部的資料。故選A。

(15)動(dòng)詞辨析&語(yǔ)法分析。此處指的是聯(lián)邦政府對(duì)大學(xué)的贊助。這里應(yīng)該用sponsor的過(guò)去分詞形式,表示已經(jīng)發(fā)生。

(16)邏輯分析。此處表示:從事研究所需的經(jīng)費(fèi)到齊之時(shí)。故選擇C:當(dāng)...時(shí)候,引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。

(17)語(yǔ)法分析。此處為強(qiáng)調(diào)句型:Itis/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分(通常是主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ))+that/who(當(dāng)強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ)且主語(yǔ)指人)+其他部分。故選擇D。A:那個(gè);B:哪個(gè);C:這個(gè)。

(18)語(yǔ)義連接。句子中用到:both...and:兩者都...,可知這兩方面都發(fā)揮了作用,故選擇B:雙重的,兩倍的。

(19)動(dòng)詞辨析。此處意思為:學(xué)生們提供了一些指標(biāo)反映學(xué)院的實(shí)力,故選擇A:提供,現(xiàn)在分詞表伴隨,表主動(dòng)。B:提供;C:假如;D:規(guī)定,條款。

(20)固定搭配。doctoratesawarded:被授予博士頭銜。

12.單選題

NegotiatorsfromaroundtheglobeonSundaymorningreachedaclimatechangeagreementthatwouldcommiteverynationtoreducingitsrateofgreenhousegasemissions—yetwouldstill()whatisneededtostaveoffthedangerousandcostlyearlyimpactsofglobalwarming.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.fallfarshortwith

B.fallfarshortof

C.fallnothingshortwith

D.fallnothingshortof

【答案】B

【解析】固定搭配。fallfarshortof“遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不足”;fallnothingshortof“無(wú)異于……”,沒(méi)有fallfarshortwith和fallnothingshortwith兩種搭配,選項(xiàng)A和C可排除。句意:周日早上,來(lái)自全球的談判代表關(guān)于氣候變化達(dá)成了一項(xiàng)協(xié)議,該協(xié)議承諾每個(gè)國(guó)家要減少溫室氣體的排放量。然而,對(duì)于延緩全球變暖所導(dǎo)致的危險(xiǎn)和高昂的代價(jià)來(lái)說(shuō),是遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不夠的。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

13.單選題

I()onabookwithhim.Hehelpmealotwithcollectingmaterials.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.cooperate

B.operate

C.collate

D.collaborate

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。cooperate“合作”;operate“操作”;collate“核對(duì),校對(duì)”;collaborate“(由指創(chuàng)作性勞動(dòng)方面)合作”。句意:我跟他一起合著了這本書(shū),他在收集資料方面幫了我很多。D項(xiàng)符合題意。

14.單選題

Thediscussionwassoprolongedandexhaustingthat()wehadtostopforrefreshments.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.atlarge

B.atease

C.atrandom

D.atintervals

【答案】D

【解析】固定搭配詞組辨析。atlarge“詳盡的”;atease“安逸,舒適”;atrandom“隨便地,任意地”;atintervals“不時(shí)地,間斷地”。句意:討論時(shí)間太長(zhǎng),使人精疲力竭,我們不得不不時(shí)地停下來(lái)吃點(diǎn)點(diǎn)心。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

15.單選題

Inthetwodecadesbetween1910and1930,overtenpercentoftheBlackpopulationoftheUnitedStateslefttheSouth,wherethepreponderanceoftheBlackpopulationhadbee8nlocated,andmigratedtonorthernstates,withthelargestnumbermoving,itisclaimed,between1916and1918.Ithasbeenfrequentlyassumed,butnotproved,thatthemajorityofthemigrantsinwhathascometobecalledtheGreatMigrationcamefromruralareasandweremotivatedbytwoconcurrentfactors:thecollapseofthecottonindustryfollowingthebollweevilinfestation,whichbeganin1898,andincreaseddemandintheNorthforlaborfollowingthecessationofEuropeanimmigrationcausedbytheoutbreakoftheFirstWorldWarin1914.Thisassumptionhasledtotheconclusionthatthemigrants’subsequentlackofeconomicmobilityintheNorthistiedtoruralbackground,abackgroundthatimpliesunfamiliaritywithurbanlivingandalackofindustrialskills.

ButthequestionofwhoactuallylefttheSouthhasneverbeenrigorouslyinvestigated.AlthoughnumerousinvestigationsdocumentanexodusfromruralsouthernareastosoutherncitiespriortotheGreatMigration,noonehasconsideredwhetherthesamemigrantsthenmovedontonortherncities.In1910over600,000Blackworkers,ortenpercentoftheBlackworkforce,reportedthemselvestobeengagedin“manufacturingandmechanicalpursuits,”thefederalcensuscategoryencompassingtheentireindustrialsector.TheGreatMigrationcouldeasilyhavebeenmadeupentirelyofthisgroupandtheirfamilies.Itisperhapssurprisingtoarguethatanemployedpopulationcouldbeenticedtomove,butanexplanationliesinthelaborconditionsthenprevalentintheSouth.

Aboutthirty-fivepercentoftheurbanBlackpopulationintheSouthwasengagedinskilledtrades.Somewerefromtheoldartisanclassofslaveryblacksmiths,masons,carpenterswhichhadhadamonopolyofcertaintrades,buttheyweregraduallybeingpushedoutbycompetition,mechanization,andobsolescence.Theremainingsixty-fivepercent,morerecentlyurbanized,workedinnewlydevelopedindustriestobacco,lumber,coalandironmanufacture,andrailroads.WagesintheSouth,however,werelow,andBlackworkerswereaware,throughlaborrecruitersandtheBlackpress,thattheycouldearnmoreevenasunskilledworkersintheNorththantheycouldasartisansintheSouth.Afterthebollweevilinfestation,urbanBlackworkersfacedcompetitionfromthecontinuinginfluxofbothBlackandWhiteruralworkers,whoweredriventoundercutthewagesformerlypaidforindustrialfobs.Thus,amovenorthwouldbeseenasadvantageoustoagroupthatwasa

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