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書山有路勤為徑,學(xué)海無涯苦作舟!住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-三亞中瑞酒店管理職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解(圖片大小可自由調(diào)整)全文為Word可編輯,若為PDF皆為盜版,請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購買!第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題
Tomakeiteasiertoreturnanypurchases,savetheoriginalpackaging,especiallyforelectronicandhousehold().
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.instruments
B.facilities
C.appliances
D.equipment
【答案】C
【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。instrument“工具,樂器”;facility“設(shè)施,設(shè)備”;appliance“器具,裝置”;equipment“設(shè)備,裝備”。句意:為了退貨方便,需要保留原來的包裝,尤其是電子產(chǎn)品和家用電器。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。
2.單選題
Janet_____hersisterforeavesdroppingonherphonecalls.“Stayoutofmylovelife,”shechided.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.upbraided
B.begrudged
C.underlined
D.grilled
【答案】A
【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A項(xiàng)“責(zé)罵”,B項(xiàng)“嫉妒”,C項(xiàng)“強(qiáng)調(diào)”,D項(xiàng)“盤問;審問”。結(jié)合句意:Janet姐姐偷聽她的電話?!皠e插手我的愛情生活,”她斥責(zé)道。所以選A項(xiàng)。
3.單選題
Toimpressafutureemployeroneshoulddressneatly,be(
),anddisplayinterestinthejob.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.swift
B.instant
C.timely
D.punctual
【答案】D
【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)swift“迅速的,敏捷的,立刻的”;B選項(xiàng)instant“立即的,直接的,緊迫的”;C選項(xiàng)timely“及時(shí)的”;D選項(xiàng)punctual“按時(shí)的,準(zhǔn)時(shí)的”。句意:要想給未來老板留下好印象,應(yīng)聘者應(yīng)穿著整齊,嚴(yán)格準(zhǔn)時(shí),并且表現(xiàn)出對(duì)工作的興趣。結(jié)合句意,D選項(xiàng)正確。
4.單選題
Iftheheavyrainhad()anextremehightide,seriousfloodingwouldhaveresulted.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.happenedto
B.occurredto
C.coincidedwith
D.turnedout
【答案】C
【解析】動(dòng)詞詞組辨析。happenedto“碰巧”;occurredto“想起”;coincidedwith“與……相一致”;turnedout“結(jié)果是”。句意:如果大魚正好逢上極端高潮,可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致嚴(yán)重的洪水。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。
5.單選題
Radiationfromthesunis______bytheEarth’satmosphere.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.pricked
B.distended
C.attenuated
D.oxidized
【答案】C
【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】
A.pricked扎,刺痛,刺破B.distended膨脹,腫脹
C.attenuated衰減,減弱,使纖細(xì)D.oxidized氧化,生銹
【答案】C
【考查點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞辨析。
【解題思路】根據(jù)句子的意思“來自太陽的輻射被地球的大氣層______”,結(jié)合常識(shí)判斷可知,地球的大氣層能阻擋來自宇宙的大部分輻射,所以空格處填入C項(xiàng),表示“減弱”符合句子語義。
【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、D項(xiàng)都不符合句子語義邏輯。
【句意】來自太陽的輻射被地球的大氣層所減弱。
6.單選題
Somecultureshavecustomsthat()theclothingfashionsofpeopleincertainsocialclasses.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.modify
B.alter
C.regulate
D.revise
【答案】C
【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析題。modify"修改,更改;修飾";alter"改變,更改";regulate"控制,管理,調(diào)節(jié)";revise"修訂,修改"。modify是指略微的修改,alter范圍較廣,指任何的改變,revise通常指修訂課本,制度的管理和規(guī)定經(jīng)常用regulate。句意:某些文化有一些習(xí)俗,這些習(xí)俗規(guī)定了某些社會(huì)階層中人們的穿衣時(shí)尚。所以選項(xiàng)C正確。
7.填空題
Duringthepasttenorfifteenyearsagreatdealofattentionhasbeen(1)to“tellingitlikeitis,”“or“l(fā)ettingitallhangout.”Myimpressionisthatthisoverzealousdevotiontospeakingone’smindhasmoreoftenledtohurtfeelingsandruinedrelationshipsthantogreatjoyandfulfillment.
Ithinkwegenerallyagreethatneverexpressingrealfeelingsandrepressingallless-than-lovelythoughtsabouteachother
(2)
leadstoconstructivecommunication.It’sagreatrelieftoallowourselvestheluxuryofacknowledgingourhumanfrailtiesandpursuingmorehonestrelationshipswithothers.Butweneedtostrikea
(3)
betweentellingitallandtellingnothing.
RecentlyIreceivedaletterfromamotherwhohadbeenpersuadedbyhertroubledtwenty-five-year-oldsontoattendaweekendmarathonwithhim.Underpressurefromthegroup,herdefensescollapsedandsheheardherselftellinghersonforthefirsttimethathehadbeenanaccident—thatshehadn’tbeenplanningtohaveachild.Hein
(4)
toldherthathecouldn’trecallasingledayinhischildhoodthathe’dbeenhappy.
“Atthattime,”thiswomanwrote,“itseemedhelpful.Wecriedandwemade
(5)
;Ithoughttellingthetruthhadbeengoodforus.Butthetroubleis,itwasn’tthewholetruth.BythetimeTommywasbornIdidwanthim,andat
(6)
hewashappy.Eversincethatday,we’vebothbeenhauntedbysometerriblefeelingsweshared.”ImustadmitthatI’vecometotheconclusionthatsomethingsarebetterleftunsaid.Honestyisafinepolicyas
(7)
asweknowwhatthetruthreallyis—butmostofthetimewedon’t.It’safinegoaltoencouragechildrentoexpresstheirrealfeelings.Andmanymarriageshavebeensavedbyanopenconfrontationofdeepandpainfulmisunderstandings.Butweneedanewsenseofbalance.Disclosureisnotapanaceaforeveryproblem
(8)
evenanendinitself.It’susefulandfreeingundersomecircumstancesandterriblyhurtfulanddamagingunderothers.
It’sagoodidea,Ithink,to
(9)
yourtonguefortenorfifteenminutesbeforesayingwhat’s
(10)
yourmind.Trytodecidewhetherit’sgoingtoopenupnewandbetteravenuesofcommunicationorleavewoundsthatmayneverheal.
【答案】1.考查固定搭配。attention一般與give相搭配,此處表示被動(dòng),用被動(dòng)語態(tài)given。
試題答案:given
2.考查上下文語義。此處表示從不表達(dá)真實(shí)的感情很取得有效的溝通,故用否定形式hardly,意為“幾乎不”。
試題答案:hardly
3.考查上下文語義。此句意為:但我們需要在說出這一切和什么都不說之間取得平衡。strikeabalance意為“達(dá)成平衡,調(diào)和折衷”。
試題答案:balance
4.考查介詞搭配。inturn意為“反過來”。
試題答案:turn
5.考查固定搭配。makeup意為“和解,和好”。
試題答案:up
6.考查固定搭配。attimes意為“有時(shí)”。
試題答案:times
7.考查固定搭配。aslongas意為“只要”。
試題答案:long
8.考查固定搭配。nor意為“也不”,not...nor意為“不……也不”,表示否定兩者。
試題答案:nor
9.考查固定搭配。biteone’stongue意為“忍住不說話”。
試題答案:bite
10.考查固定搭配。onone’smind意為“使人擔(dān)心,惦記”。
試題答案:on
8.單選題
Itismoreimportantthatsheshouldbefree_____sheshouldlivealuxuriouslife.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.thanwhat
B.that
C.morethan
D.thanthat
【答案】D
【解析】考查比較級(jí)的規(guī)則。根據(jù)句中的more,肯定要有than,根據(jù)相比較對(duì)象一致的原則,本題是thatsheshouldbefree與thatsheshouldlivealuxuriouslife之間相比較的句子,所以選項(xiàng)D為正確答案。
9.單選題
Onlyunderspecialcircumstances()totakemake-uptests.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.arefreshmenpermitted
B.freshmenarepermitted
C.permittedarefreshmen
D.arepermittedfreshmen
【答案】A
【解析】語法題??疾椴糠值寡b。副詞only位于句首時(shí),后面部分應(yīng)用部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu):助動(dòng)詞/系動(dòng)詞+主語+謂語動(dòng)詞/表語。因此A項(xiàng)正確。
10.單選題
Sincetheislandsoilhasbeenbarrenforsomanyyears,thenativesmustnow________muchoftheirfood.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.deliver
B.import
C.produce
D.develop
【答案】B
【解析】動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。deliver“交付,遞送”;import“輸入,進(jìn)口”;produce“生產(chǎn),引起”;develop“發(fā)展,進(jìn)步”。句意:由于島上的土壤多年來一直貧瘠,當(dāng)?shù)厝爽F(xiàn)在必須進(jìn)口大多數(shù)食物。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。
11.單選題
Myfatherdecidestomakemegobacktocollegeimmediately,studymylessonscarefully,and(
).
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.amaster’sdegreemustattained
B.mustattainmymaster'sdegree
C.attainmymaster’sdegree
D.mymaster’sdegreebeattained
【答案】C
【解析】句意:父親決定讓我立刻回到學(xué)校,認(rèn)真學(xué)習(xí)課程,并獲得碩士學(xué)位。
語法題??疾椴⒘械膭?dòng)詞短語。由表示并列的and可知所填成分應(yīng)與“studymylessonscarefully”結(jié)構(gòu)一致,故選C。
12.單選題
Shehadsaidlittlesofar,respondingonlybrieflywhen____.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.speaking
B.spokento
C.spoken
D.speakingto
【答案】B
【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】
A.speaking說(現(xiàn)在分詞)B.spokento交談(過去分詞)
C.spoken說(過去分詞)D.speakingto交談(現(xiàn)在分詞)
【答案】B
【考查點(diǎn)】非謂語動(dòng)詞
【解題思路】原句句意為“到目前為止,她說得很少,只是在____時(shí)才簡(jiǎn)短地回復(fù)了一下。”根據(jù)句意可得,她話很少,只有別人跟她說話時(shí),她才簡(jiǎn)短地回復(fù)一下;并且“她”不是主動(dòng)說話的一方,而是被動(dòng)接話的一方,因此,應(yīng)該使用speakto“交談”的過去分詞形式,B選項(xiàng)spokento“交談(過去分詞)”符合題意。
【干擾項(xiàng)排除】
A選項(xiàng)speaking“說(現(xiàn)在分詞)”,指說……,不表示跟某人交談;
C選項(xiàng)spoken“說(過去分詞)”,指說……,不表示跟某人交談;
D選項(xiàng)speakingto“交談(現(xiàn)在分詞)”,現(xiàn)在分詞表主動(dòng),不符合原句句意。
【句意】到目前為止,她說得很少,只是別人跟她說話時(shí),才簡(jiǎn)短地回復(fù)了一下。
13.單選題
Blockedvesselshaveseveral(
)symptoms:chestpain,shortnessofbreath,andanabnormalcardiacstresstest.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.classic
B.concise
C.original
D.obscure
【答案】C
【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】
A.classic典型的;經(jīng)典的B.concise簡(jiǎn)明的
C.original原來的;首創(chuàng)的;新穎的D.obscure偏僻的;陰暗的
【答案】C
【考查點(diǎn)】形容詞辨析。
【解題思路】阻塞的血管有許多……癥狀:胸痛,氣促,心臟應(yīng)激性驟停。根據(jù)句意,應(yīng)該是首發(fā)的癥狀,C選項(xiàng)original“原來的;首創(chuàng)的;新穎的”可引申為首發(fā)的意思。因此選C。
【干擾項(xiàng)排除】
A選項(xiàng)classic典型的;經(jīng)典的,多用來指著作、理論等是經(jīng)典的、典型的,所以排除;
B選項(xiàng)concise簡(jiǎn)明的,多指簡(jiǎn)潔明了,不用來形容病癥;
D選項(xiàng)obscure偏僻的;陰暗的,不符合句意。
【句意】阻塞的血管有很多首發(fā)癥狀:胸痛,氣促,心臟應(yīng)激性驟停。
14.單選題
Theserviceoperates36librariesthroughoutthecountry,whilesix(
)libraries
speciallyservethecountryside.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.mobile
B.drifting
C.shifting
D.rotating
【答案】A
【解析】考查固定搭配。mobilelibrary“流動(dòng)圖書館”;drifting“漂流的”;shifting“不斷移動(dòng)的”;rotating“旋轉(zhuǎn)的”。句意:這項(xiàng)服務(wù)在全國36個(gè)圖書館運(yùn)行,而6個(gè)移動(dòng)圖書館專門服務(wù)農(nóng)村。由固定搭配可知A項(xiàng)正確。
15.翻譯題
Environmentalismis,inthesocialsciences,anytheorythatconcernstheimportanceofenvironmentalfactorsinthedevelopmentofcultureandsociety.Thetheoryofenvironmentaldeterminismstatesthatthephysicalmilieuofapeople,includingnaturalresources,climate,andgeography,isthemajordeterminingfactorintheformationoftheirculture.Determinismtherebyrejectshistoryandtradition,socialandeconomicfactors,andotheraspectsofcultureasexplanationsofsocialdevelopment.Contemporaryenvironmentalistsrecognizethatphysicalsurroundingsareonlypartofatotalenvironmentthatincludessocialandeconomicfactorsculturaltradition,andreciprocalinfluencesbetweensocietiesandtheirenvironment.
【答案】在社會(huì)科學(xué)中,環(huán)境保護(hù)論是指任何有關(guān)環(huán)境因素在文化和社會(huì)發(fā)展中的重要性的理論。環(huán)境決定論認(rèn)為,人類的自然環(huán)境,包括自然資源、氣候和地理,是其文化形成的主要決定因素。因此環(huán)境決定論拒絕將歷史和傳統(tǒng)、社會(huì)和經(jīng)濟(jì)因素以及文化的其他方面作為社會(huì)發(fā)展的解釋。當(dāng)代環(huán)境學(xué)家認(rèn)識(shí)到,自然環(huán)境只是包括社會(huì)和經(jīng)濟(jì)因素、文化傳統(tǒng)以及社會(huì)與其環(huán)境之間相互影響在內(nèi)的整個(gè)環(huán)境的一部分。
16.單選題
Jim’sclose______tohisbrothermadepeoplemistakethemforoneanother.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.accuracy
B.confusion
C.probability
D.resemblance
【答案】D
【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】
A.accuracy精確,準(zhǔn)確B.confusion困惑;混亂
C.probability可能性;概率D.resemblance相似,相像
【答案】D
【考查點(diǎn)】名詞辨析。
【解題思路】按照句意“吉姆和他哥哥的______使人們誤以為他們是彼此”可推知,吉姆兄弟倆讓人們認(rèn)不出來,說明吉姆和他哥哥長(zhǎng)得相似,resemblance是指與某人或某物相似或看起來相似,與介詞to搭配使用,故該題選擇D項(xiàng)。
【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、C項(xiàng)不符合句意。
【句意】吉姆和他哥哥長(zhǎng)得很像,這使人們誤以為他們是彼此。
17.單選題
Atthefarendofakaleidoscope______,onemadeofclearglassandtheotherofgroundglass.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.twoplatesare
B.twoplatesarethere
C.aretwoplatesthere
D.aretwoplates
【答案】D
【解析】考查倒裝。介詞引導(dǎo)的狀語從句提前,主句需要部分倒裝。此句的主語是twoplates,故謂語動(dòng)詞are需要提到主語之前,補(bǔ)充說明,如果是therebe結(jié)構(gòu)則應(yīng)保持正常順序不變。句意:萬花筒的遠(yuǎn)端有兩塊板,一塊是透明玻璃,另一塊是磨砂玻璃。故正確答案為D。
18.單選題
Itwasawonderfuloccasionwhichwewill(
)formanyyearstocome.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.conceive
B.clutch
C.cherish
D.contrive
【答案】C
【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。conceive“構(gòu)思,懷孕,考慮”;clutch“緊握,抓住”;cherish“珍惜”;contrive“設(shè)計(jì),發(fā)明,圖謀”。
句意:在未來的很多年里我們都會(huì)珍惜這個(gè)美好的時(shí)刻。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。
19.翻譯題
Thefactthatourcomputernetworkissoadvancedwillalsosoongiveustheopportunitytoshareourteachingexpertisewithlocalcompaniesandevenotheruniversities;adedicatedcenterfordistancelearningisalreadyunderdiscussion.Wewillincreasinglyuseinternet-basedcomputercourses,toenhanceourownteachingandalsotoreachstudentsoutsidetheuniversity.Thatdoesn’tmeancomputerterminalswilldisplacepeople;studentsarealwaysgoingtoneedadviceandhigh-qualitytuitiononthespot.Butitdoesmeanwecanrefineourteachingcoursesovertimeandmakethemavailableinthemanneroftextbooks.Inaddition,withintheuniversityitself,accessisgoingtoremainourkeypriority.
【答案】事實(shí)上,我們的計(jì)算機(jī)網(wǎng)絡(luò)非常先進(jìn),很快我們就能夠與當(dāng)?shù)氐墓旧踔疗渌髮W(xué)分享我們的教學(xué)經(jīng)驗(yàn);人們現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)在開始討論遠(yuǎn)程教育中心。我們將提供越來越多的建立在網(wǎng)絡(luò)上的課程,提高教學(xué)效果,教授校外的學(xué)生。這樣說并不意味著計(jì)算機(jī)終端將取代人,學(xué)生總是需要高水平的現(xiàn)場(chǎng)指導(dǎo)和幫助。但是,這意味著我們可以不斷改進(jìn)我們的課程,然后把它們變成教材。此外,就大學(xué)本身而言,易獲得性始終是我們的重點(diǎn)。
20.單選題
Pleaseputyouremptycigarettepacketsandpaperbagsinthe______binsprovided.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.junk
B.litter
C.scrap
D.deposit
【答案】B
【解析】考查名詞辨析。junk“廢物”;litter“垃圾”;scrap“殘余物”;deposit“沉淀物”。Litterbin指“垃圾箱”,因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。
21.單選題
Myboneshavebeenachingagain,astheyoftendoinhumidweather.Theyachelikehistory:thingslongdonewith,thatstillremainaspain.Whentheacheisbadenoughitkeepsmefromsleeping.EverynightIyearnforsleep,Istriveforit;yetitfluttersonaheadofmelikeacurtain.Therearesleepingpills,ofcourse,butthedoctorhaswarnedmeagainstthem.
Lastnight,afterwhatseemedhoursofdampturmoil,Igotupandcreptslipperlessdownthestairs,feelingmywayinthefaintstreetlightthatcamethroughthewindow.Oncesafelyarrivedatthebottom,Iwalkedintothekitchenandlookedaroundintherefrigerator.TherewasnothingmuchIwantedtoeat:theremainsofabunchofcelery,ablue-tingedheelofbread,alemongoingsoft.I'vefallenintothehabitsofthesolitary;mymealsaresnatchedandrandom.Furtivesnacks,furtivetreatsandpicnics.Imadedowithsomepeanutbutter,scoopeddirectlyfromthejarwithaforefinger:whydirtyaspoon?
Standingtherewiththejarinonehandandmyfingerinmymouth,Ihadthefeelingthatsomeonewasabouttowalkintotheroom~someotherwoman,theunseen,validowner~andaskmewhatinhellIwasdoinginherkitchen.I’vehaditbefore,thesensethateveninthecourseofmymostlegitimateanddailyactions—peelingabanana,brushingmyteeth―Iamtrespassing.
Atnightthehousewasmorethaneverlikeastranger's.Iwanderedthroughthefrontroom,thediningroom,theparlour,handonthewallforbalance.Myvariouspossessionswerefloatingintheirownpoolsofshadow,denyingmyownershipofthem.Ilookedthemoverwithaburglar’seye,decidingwhatmightbeworththeriskofstealing,whatontheotherhandIwouldleavebehind.Robberswouldtaketheobviousthings~thesilverteapotthatwasmygrandmother’s,perhapsthehand-paintedchina.Thetelevisionset.NothingIreallywant.
1.Theauthorcouldnotfallasleepbecause(
).
2.TheauthordidnotlikethefoodintherefrigeratorbecauseitwasNOT(
).
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.itwastoodampinthebedroom
B.shehadrunoutofsleepingpills
C.shewasinverypoorhealth
D.shefeltveryhungry
問題2選項(xiàng)
A.fresh
B.sufficient
C.nutritious
D.delicious
【答案】第1題:C
第2題:A
【解析】1.推理判斷題。題干詢問作者不能入睡的原因。由第一段中第三句“Whentheacheisbadenoughitkeepsmefromsleeping.EverynightIyearnforsleep,Istriveforit;yetitfluttersonaheadofmelikeacurtain.當(dāng)疼痛非常嚴(yán)重時(shí),它讓我無法入睡。每晚我都渴望睡覺,我努力去睡著,但是睡覺如同一個(gè)窗簾樣在我的面前飄動(dòng)”確定C選項(xiàng)“她身體非常不好”正確。
2.推理判斷題。題干詢問作者不喜歡吃冰箱的食物的原因。由第二段第三句“TherewasnothingmuchIwantedtoeat:theremainsofabunchofcelery,ablue-tingedheelofbread,alemongoingsoft.這里沒有太多我想吃的東西:剩下的東西有一把芹菜、一塊染了藍(lán)色的面包尾部和一個(gè)正變軟的檸檬”確定A選項(xiàng)“新鮮”正確;B選項(xiàng)“充足的”、C選項(xiàng)“營養(yǎng)的”和D選項(xiàng)“可口的”不正確。
22.單選題
Stressisastateofimbalancebetweendemandsmadeonusfromoutsidesourcesandourcapabilitiestomeetthosedemands.Often,itprecedesandoccursconcurrentlywithconflict.Stress,asyouhaveseen,canbroughtonbyphysicalevents,otherpeople’sbehavior,socialsituations,ourownbehavior,feelings,thoughts,oranythingthatresultsinheightenedbodilyawareness.Inmanycases,whenyouexperiencepain,anger,fear,ordepression,theseemotionsarearesponsetoastressfulsituationlikeconflict.
Sometimes,inhighlystressfulconflictsituations,wemustcopewiththestressbeforewecopewiththeconflict.Relievingsomeoftheintensityoftheimmediateemotionalresponsewillallowustobecomemorelogicalandtolerantinresolvingtheconflict.
Peopleresponddifferentlytoconflictjustastheyresponsedifferentlytostress.Somepeoplehandlebothbetterthanothersdo.Individualdifferencesarenotasimportantaslearninghowtomanagethestresswefeel.Thegoalinstressmanagementisself-control,particularlyinthefaceofstressfulevents.
Controllingphysicalsymptomsofstressrequiresrelaxation.Sitinacomfortablepositioninaquietplacewheretherearenodistractions.Closeyoureyesandpaynoattentiontotheoutsideworld.Concentrateonlyonyourbreathing.Slowlyinhaleandexhale.Now,witheachinhaledbreathsay“relax”gentlyandpassively.Makeitarelaxingexperience.Ifyouusethismethodtohelpyouinconflictsituationsoveraperiodoftime,theword“relax”willbecomeassociatedwithasenseofphysicalcalm;sayingitinastressfulsituationwillhelpinduceasenseofpeace.
Controllingyourthoughtsisthesecondmajorelementinstressmanagement.Managingstresssuccessfullyrequiresflexibilityinthinking.Thatis,youmustconsideralternativeview.Yourcurrentviewiscausingthestress!Youmustalsokeepfromattachingtoomuchimportancetoevents,asthingsmayseemlessimportantwhenviewedinadifferentway.
36.Themainpointofthisreadingisthat().
37.Controllingyourthoughtsalwaysinvolves().
38.Humanresponsetostressis().
39.Theauthor’sprimarypurposeinwritingtheselectionisto().
40.Whichofthefollowingstatementsincludedintheselectionmostdirectlysupportsthewriter’sviewthatstressiscontrollable?
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.stressisanimbalancebetweeninternalandexternaldemands
B.controllingphysicalreactionsandthoughtsisaneffectivemeansofmanagingstress
C.relaxationisthekeytosuccessfulstressmanagement
D.stressmanagementrequiresaproblem-solvingapproach
問題2選項(xiàng)
A.consideringthesituationfromdifferentperspectives
B.imaginingyourselfmanagingthestress
C.relaxationtechniquestoeliminatephysicalsymptoms
D.agentleandpassivebreath
問題3選項(xiàng)
A.universal
B.variableaccordingtosex
C.unchanging
D.individual
問題4選項(xiàng)
A.explaintherelationshipbetweenstressandconflict
B.instructthereaderonhowtocontrolstress
C.describerelaxationtechniques
D.persuadethereadertoreducestressthroughsuccessfulmanagement
問題5選項(xiàng)
A.Thingsmayseemlessimportantwhenviewedinadifferentway.
B.Stressisanimbalancebetweendemands.
C.Peopleresponddifferentlytoconflict,justastheyresponddifferentlytostress.
D.Managingstresssuccessfullyrequiresflexibilityinthings.
【答案】第1題:B
第2題:A
第3題:D
第4題:B
第5題:A
【解析】36.主旨大意題。定位在第一句Stressisastateofimbalancebetweendemandsmadeonusfromoutsidesourcesandourcapabilitiestomeetthosedemands.(壓力是外界對(duì)我們的要求和滿足這些要求的自身能力之間存在的失衡狀態(tài)。)A選項(xiàng)“壓力是內(nèi)在需求和外在需求之間的不平衡”,由第一句可知壓力是外在需求和自身能力之間失衡而產(chǎn)生的,表述有誤,B選項(xiàng)“控制身體反應(yīng)和思想是管理壓力的有效手段”定位在最后兩段的首句。Controllingphysicalsymptomsofstressrequiresrelaxation.(控制身體的壓力癥狀需要放松。)Controllingyourthoughtsisthesecondmajorelementinstressmanagement.(控制你的思想是壓力管理的第二個(gè)主要因素。)本文開始介紹了壓力產(chǎn)生的原因后面著重講到了控制壓力的方法。因此B選項(xiàng)符合原文,也是對(duì)文章的一個(gè)總體概括。C選項(xiàng)“放松是成功管理壓力的關(guān)鍵”文中并沒有進(jìn)行對(duì)比,屬于以偏概全。D選項(xiàng)“壓力管理需要解決問題的方法”文中有詳細(xì)給出控制壓力的辦法,故選B。
37.客觀細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)原文Managingstresssuccessfullyrequiresflexibilityinthinking.Thatis,youmustconsideralternativeview.(成功地管理壓力需要思維的靈活性。也就是說,你必須考慮另一種觀點(diǎn)。)由此可知,成功地管理壓力,需要改變自己之前所持的一些觀點(diǎn)。A選項(xiàng)“從不同的角度考慮”轉(zhuǎn)換觀點(diǎn),從另一個(gè)角度進(jìn)行考慮,正確。B選項(xiàng)“想象自己在管理壓力”,C選項(xiàng)“放松技巧以消除身體癥狀”,D選項(xiàng)“輕柔而被動(dòng)的呼吸”,B,C,D選項(xiàng)與題意無關(guān),可排除,故選A。
38.客觀細(xì)節(jié)題。定位第三段的第一句Peopleresponddifferentlytoconflictjustastheyresponsedifferentlytostress.(人們對(duì)沖突的反應(yīng)不同,正如他們對(duì)壓力的反應(yīng)不同。)由此可知,每個(gè)人對(duì)待壓力的反應(yīng)是不同的。A選項(xiàng)“普遍的”,B選項(xiàng)“性別不同會(huì)有差別”,C選項(xiàng)“不變的”,A,B,C與句意不符,可排除。D選項(xiàng)“個(gè)體的;獨(dú)特的”,符合句意,正確。故選D。
39.推理判斷題。A選項(xiàng)“解釋壓力和沖突之間的關(guān)系”定位在第二段,文中只用了一小段簡(jiǎn)單帶過,不可歸為主要目的。Sometimes,inhighlystressfulconflictsituations,wemustcopewiththestressbeforewecopewiththeconflict.(有時(shí),在高度緊張的沖突情況下,我們必須先處理壓力,然后再處理沖突。)C選項(xiàng)“描述放松技巧”只是屬于控制壓力方法的一個(gè)舉例,不屬于主要目的。D選項(xiàng)“說服讀者通過成功的管理來減輕壓力?!惫芾硪辉~過于籠統(tǒng)寬泛,目的需要具體。即可排除A,C,D選項(xiàng),B選項(xiàng)“指導(dǎo)讀者如何控制壓力”,文章簡(jiǎn)單介紹壓力后,最后兩段著重介紹了控制壓力的方法,能夠給讀者帶來一些建議。故選B。
40.推理判斷題。題意:下列哪個(gè)陳述包含在選擇中,最直接地支持作者的觀點(diǎn),即壓力是可控的?定位在最后一段Yourcurrentviewiscausingthestress!Youmustalsokeepfromattachingtoomuchimportancetoevents,asthingsmayseemlessimportantwhenviewedinadifferentway.(你當(dāng)前的觀點(diǎn)給你造成了壓力!你還必須避免把事情看得太重要,因?yàn)閺牟煌慕嵌瓤词虑榭赡軙?huì)顯得不那么重要。)可以知道從不同角度去思考一件事,對(duì)同樣一件事的感受也會(huì)不同。由此可知,A選項(xiàng)“從不同的角度來看,事情似乎不那么重要”很好的說明了壓力是可控的。B選項(xiàng)“壓力是需求之間的不平衡”只是壓力的一個(gè)表述,與可控性無關(guān)。C選項(xiàng)“人們對(duì)沖突的反應(yīng)不同,就像他們對(duì)壓力的反應(yīng)不同一樣”只是陳述每個(gè)人對(duì)待壓力的方式不同,與壓力的可控性無關(guān)。D選項(xiàng)“成功地管理壓力需要事情的靈活性”根據(jù)原文Managingstresssuccessfullyrequiresflexibilityinthinking.(成功地管理壓力需要思維的靈活性。)主語不一致,故選A。
23.翻譯題
Themostintensiveformsofrurallanduseforagriculturalpurposesarethoseconcernedwithharvestablecropsorwiththeproductionofanimalproducts.Unlikeprimitiveagriculture,whichinvolvedonlythetemporaryremovalofnaturalvegetationanddependedforashortperiodoftimenaturalsoilfertility,conventionalagriculturetodayuseslargeinputsofchemicals,energyandtechnicalskillstoproduceincreasedyieldsofcropsoranimals.Inthetechnologicallyadvancedcountriesfoodproductionisoftengreaterthanpopulationgrowth,anditispossibletoretireformerfarmlandsfromuseandtoproducecropsaccordingtodemandwithoutapproachingthemaximumyieldsobtainable.Theso-calledGreenRevolutionhasbeenbasedonthespreadsuchfarmingmethodstolessdevelopednationoftheworld.Ithasbeenmadepossiblebythebreedingofhigh-yieldingformsofgrainspecificallyadaptedtotheecologicalconditionsofthecountriesinvolved.Thedecisiontouseanareaoflandforhigh-yieldagricultureessentiallyrulesoutitsuseforattarpurposes.Theintensiveproductionoffarmcropsinanagriculturalregionmayalsohavesideeffects;ashasbeenpreviouslynoted,thesemayincludethepollutionofotherthepesticides,herbicides,orotheragriculturalchemicalsblownorwashedfromfarmlandsaffectvegetationandanimallifeelsewhere.Nevertheless,committinganareatointensiveagriculturalproductiondoesnotruleoutitsfuturerestorationforotheruses.Aslongasthesoilsarewellcaredfor,suchareascanbeconvenedquicklytootherpurposesifitisnotnecessarytokeeptheminfarmproduction.AbandonedfarmlandsinthesouthernUnitedStates,forexample,arenowhighlyproductiveforestareas,andformerfanninglandselsewherearebeingusedtosupportwildlifeandoutdoorrecreation.Ingeneralplanningforconservationofnaturalresources,intensiveuseandhighproductioninthoseareasbestsuitedforfarmingmustbeofcourse,thatthepollutingeffectsoftheseactivitiesonthegeneralenvironmentareavoided.Suchconcentrationcansparethedestructionofotherresourcesthroughtouseinadequatelandsformarginalfarmingactivities.
【答案】最密集的農(nóng)業(yè)用途的農(nóng)村土地使用形式與提高農(nóng)作物或者動(dòng)物產(chǎn)品的產(chǎn)量有關(guān)。原始農(nóng)業(yè)涉及的僅僅是自然植被的臨時(shí)遷移,還有短時(shí)間內(nèi)依靠自然土壤的肥力,與之不同的是,今天的傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)業(yè)使用大量的化學(xué)品,能源還有技術(shù)技能,從而農(nóng)作物和動(dòng)物產(chǎn)品的產(chǎn)量得到很大的提高。技術(shù)先進(jìn)國家食物產(chǎn)量的增長(zhǎng)往往比人口增長(zhǎng)快,并有可能讓之前的農(nóng)田荒廢,根據(jù)需求生產(chǎn)作物,避免其索取接近最高產(chǎn)量。所謂的綠色革命一直立足于向世界欠發(fā)達(dá)國家傳播這種耕作方式。通過播種適應(yīng)于當(dāng)?shù)厣鷳B(tài)環(huán)境的高產(chǎn)作物可能實(shí)現(xiàn)這一點(diǎn)。決定使用某個(gè)地方來種植高產(chǎn)農(nóng)作物后,基本排除了將這個(gè)地方做其他用途。農(nóng)業(yè)地區(qū)的集約化農(nóng)作物生產(chǎn)也有副作用;之前已經(jīng)提到過,這些可能包括其他地區(qū)的污染比如農(nóng)藥、除草劑或者從其他農(nóng)田風(fēng)刮過來或者沖過來的農(nóng)用化學(xué)品,這些都會(huì)影響到其他地方的植被和動(dòng)物。然而,將一個(gè)地區(qū)專項(xiàng)集約化農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)并不排除將來將其恢復(fù)用于其他用途。只要土壤被保護(hù)得好,這些地區(qū)能夠很快被轉(zhuǎn)換到其他目的,其他是沒有必要再讓它們用于農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)。例如,美國南部的棄耕地,現(xiàn)在是高生產(chǎn)力的森林地區(qū),其他前耕作土地正在用來支持野生動(dòng)物和戶外休閑。對(duì)自然資源的保護(hù),針對(duì)最適合耕種的區(qū)域的集約化利用和高產(chǎn)量的總體規(guī)劃當(dāng)然應(yīng)該避免這些活動(dòng)對(duì)環(huán)境的污染。這種集中通過利用邊際農(nóng)業(yè)活動(dòng)中使用不足的土地可以免除對(duì)其他資源的破壞。
24.翻譯題
Whoeverhassofarformedhistaste,astobeabletorelishandfeelthebeautiesofthegreatmasters,hasgoneagreatwayinhisstudy;merelyfromaconscientiousnessofhisrelishoftheright,themindswellswithaninwardpride,andisalmostaspowerfullyaffected,asifithaditselfproducedwhatisadmires.Ourhearts,frequentlywarmedinthismannerbythecontactofthosewhomwewishtoresemble,willundoubtedlycatchsomethingoftheirwayofthinking;andweshallreceiveinourownbosomssomeradiationatleastoftheirfireandsplendor.Thatdisposition,whichissostronginchildren,stillcontinueswithus,ofcatchinginvoluntarilythegeneralairandmannerofthosewithwhomwearemostconversant.
【答案】那些擁有自己品味,并且能夠欣賞和領(lǐng)會(huì)大師們作品的人,都在他的學(xué)習(xí)上取得了很大進(jìn)步;當(dāng)能夠認(rèn)真品味這些大師的作品時(shí),內(nèi)心深處的自豪感會(huì)油然而生,心靈為之觸動(dòng),就好像這些作品是自己創(chuàng)作的一樣。我們那顆時(shí)常會(huì)因?yàn)楹湍切┳约浩谕Х碌娜私佑|而感到無比溫暖的心,毫無疑問將捕捉大師們的某些思維方式,而且大師們藝術(shù)的火花和光芒會(huì)在我們的胸中閃爍。我們這種在孩提時(shí)代非常強(qiáng)烈的天性會(huì)繼續(xù)伴隨我們,使我們不由自主地為與周圍接觸過的人的神情和舉止所感染。
25.翻譯題
SectionAEnglishtoChinese(15points)
Directions:TranslatetheunderlinedpartofthefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationonyourANSWERSHEET.
56.Incomparisonwithmilitary,politicalandeconomicsecurity,ecologicalsecurityhasawiderinfluenceonthecommonpeoplelivinginacountry.Onceitsecologicalenvironmentisdestroyed,thefuturesurvivalofthewholenation,especiallythepoorwillbehorriblyundermined,anditwillbeextremelydifficultforageneration,oreventensofgenerationstoreclaimtheenvironmentonceecologicaldeteriorationgoesbeyondacertainthreshold.AlthoughprotectionoftheenvironmenthaslongbeenamatterofbasicstatepolicyfortheChinesegovernment,itisaundeniablefactthat,onthewhole,effortstoimprovetheenvironmenthavelargelyfailedtomatchdestructiveforcesworkingagainstthem.
57.Thisbookderiversfromdecadesofteachinginvariousschoolsacrossthecountry.Itisbasedonthebeliefthatphilosophyisagenuinelyexcitingsubject,accessiblenotonlytospecialistsandafewgiftedundergraduatemajorsbuttoeveryone.Everyoneisaphilosopherwhetherenrolledinaphilosophicalcourseornot.Thedifferenceisthatsomeonewhohasstudiedphilosophysystematicallyhastheadvantageofhavingencounteredstrongerandmorevariedargumentsthanmighthavebeenavailableotherwise.Whatisspecialaboutthisbookisthatisoffersintroductorystudentstheotherwiseopportunityofhavingdirectcontactwithsubstantialreadingsfromsignificantbooksonphilosophy,butwithouttheunreasonabledemandthattheyconfrontthesebooksinfull,whichareoftenincomprehensible.
58.What’sstrangeaboutmanisthathehasyettolearntosettledisputesbysomemeansotherthanwar.Notonlydoeswartakeaheavytolloflives,butleadstoincreasedtension.Theuseofsophisticatedweaponsisapttobringaboutdisasterstohumanhealthalthoughthereluctancetoeliminateweaponsofmassdestructiononthepartofthebigpowerswillnotnecessarilyendupwithconflicts.Thechancesarethatmanwillhavehisowncivilizationdestroyedifthenotionofthesurvivalofthefitteststillappliestotheinternationalcommunity.Wecannothelpwonderinghowmanyyearsitwilltakefortheworldtoeliminatewaronceforall.
SectionBChinesetoEnglish(20points)
Directions:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.WriteyourtranslationonyourANSWERSHEET.
59.擴(kuò)大內(nèi)需是我國經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的長(zhǎng)期戰(zhàn)略方針和基本立足點(diǎn),也是促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)均衡發(fā)展的根本途徑和內(nèi)在要求。(5points)
60.近年來我國收入差距不斷擴(kuò)大已成為不爭(zhēng)的事實(shí),收入分配的公平問題越來越受到公眾的高度關(guān)注。(5points)
61.實(shí)現(xiàn)義務(wù)教育均衡發(fā)展已經(jīng)成為社會(huì)共識(shí),但是,我國目前財(cái)政教育經(jīng)費(fèi)投入不足,教育資源分配結(jié)構(gòu)也不合理,地區(qū)教育公共服務(wù)的提供依然存在較大的差異。(6points)
62.文化是某一特定人群所有傳統(tǒng)、習(xí)俗、信仰和各種生活方式的總和。(4points)
【答案】SectionAEnglishtoChinese
56.一旦生態(tài)環(huán)境遭到破壞,整個(gè)國家,尤其是窮人將來的生存將會(huì)受到極大的損害,而且一旦生態(tài)惡化超過一定限度,那么一代人,甚至幾十代人要想重新修復(fù)環(huán)境都極為困難。盡管保護(hù)環(huán)境一直是中國政府制定的一項(xiàng)基本國策,然而一個(gè)不可否認(rèn)的事實(shí)是,總的來說,改善環(huán)境的種種努力很大程度上未能抵抗破壞環(huán)境的力量。
57.它基于以下觀點(diǎn):哲學(xué)的確是一門有趣的學(xué)科,不僅專家和有的具有天賦的本科生可以理解哲學(xué),人人都可理解。不論是否上過哲學(xué)課,每個(gè)人都是哲學(xué)家。區(qū)別在于:系統(tǒng)學(xué)習(xí)過哲學(xué)的人具有這樣的優(yōu)勢(shì),他們遇到的論點(diǎn)要比以其他方式遇到的論點(diǎn)更有說服力、種類更多。該書的特點(diǎn)是:它使初學(xué)者有機(jī)會(huì)直接接觸選自重要哲學(xué)著作并有實(shí)質(zhì)內(nèi)容的讀物,但并不過分地要求學(xué)生必須通讀這些很難讀懂的書籍。
58.盡管大國不愿意銷毀大規(guī)模殺傷性武器的心理不一定導(dǎo)致沖突,但尖端武器的使用會(huì)給人類健康帶來災(zāi)難。如果適者生存(或優(yōu)勝劣汰)這觀念仍使用于國際社會(huì),那么人類的文明就很可能遭到毀滅。我們不禁要問世界需要多少年才能徹底消滅戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。
SectionBChinesetoEnglish
59.Expansionofdomesticdemandisalong-termstrategicapproachinourcountry’seconomicdevelopmentandbasicstandpoint,andalsotopromotebalancedeconomicdevelopmentwithinthefundamentalapproachandtherequired.
60.Inrecentyears,thewideningofincomegaphasbecomeanindisputablefact,andthefairnessofincomedistributionhasbeenpaidmoreandmoreattentionbythepublic.
61.Ithasbecomeasocialconsensustorealizethebalanceddevelopmentofcompulsoryeducation.However,becausenationalexpenditureoneducationisinsufficient,andthedistributionstructureofeducationresourcesisunreasonable,therearestillgreatdifferencesintheprovisionofeducationalpublicservicesindifferentregions.
62.Cultureisthesumtotalofallthetraditions,customs,beliefs,andwaysoflifeofagivengroupofhumanbeings.
26.單選題
It’s()intheregulationthatyoucantake20kilosofluggagewithyou.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.laidupon
B.laidout
C.laidup
D.laiddown
【答案】D
【解析】詞組辨析題。layupon隨…而定,
把重點(diǎn)放在;layout展示,
安排;layup貯存,
擱置,
臥床不起;laydown放下,
制定,
鋪設(shè),
主張。句意:條例規(guī)定您只能攜帶20公斤的行李。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。
27.單選題
Language,cultureandpersonalitymaybeconsidered(
)ofeachotherIthought,buttheyareinseparableinfact.
問題1選項(xiàng)
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