6大學(xué)英語四級考試真題及參考

6大學(xué)英語四級考試真題及參照6大學(xué)英語四級考試真題及參照6大學(xué)英語四級考試真題及參照PartIWriting(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanewsreporttoyourcampusnewspaperonavisittoaHopeelementaryschoolorganizedbyyourStudentUnion..Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.【參照范文】OnthemorningofJune1st,agroupofvolunteersfromouruniversityStudentUnionpaidavisittoaHopePrimarySchooltohelpthechildren

’stherehaveahappyChildren

’sDay.Wearrivedatthisschoolatnineinthemorningandthechildren

welcomeduswarmly.Thisvolunteeractivitymainlyincludethreeparts.Inthefirstplace,weintroducedourselvesbriefly,whichhelpedusto

knoweachotherbetter.Additionally,weorganizedsomerecreationalactivities.Forexample,ourtalentedvolunteerstaughtthosechildrentodanceandsing.Intheend,wegavethestationerypreparedinadvancetotheselovelychildren.This

volunteer

activity

wasreally

impressive.

It

gaveusanopportunitytoexperience

adifferent

life

andwewerereally

movedbythechildren

’senthusiasm.【參照譯文】6月1日上午，我校學(xué)生會的局部志愿者觀光了一所希望小學(xué)。此行的目的是幫助那里的孩子們過一個(gè)快樂的少兒節(jié)。我們清晨九點(diǎn)鐘抵達(dá)該希望小學(xué)，孩子們熱忱地歡送我們的到來。本次志愿者活動主要分為三局部。第一，我們都做了簡單的自我介紹，以便大家能更好地認(rèn)識相互。其余，我們組織了一些娛樂活動。比方，我們中間多才多藝的志愿者們教這些孩子唱歌、跳舞。最后，我們把起初準(zhǔn)備好的文具送給了這些可愛的孩子們。此次志愿者活動真的讓人印象深刻。它讓我們有時(shí)機(jī)去體驗(yàn)不同樣的生活，孩子們的熱忱也深深地感人了我們。PartⅡListeningComprehension(25minutes)說明：因?yàn)?021年6月四級考試全國共考了2套聽力，本套真題聽力與前2套內(nèi)容完滿同樣，但是次序不同樣樣，所以在本套真題中不再重復(fù)出現(xiàn)。PartIIIReadingComprehension(40minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce．Justbecausetheycan’tsingoperaorrideabicycledoesn’tmeanthatanimalsdon’thaveculture.There’snobetterexampleofthisthankillerwhales.Asoneofthemost__26__predators〔食肉動物〕，killerwhalesmaynotfitthe__27__ofaculturedcreature.However,thesebeastsoftheseadodisplayavastrangeofhighly__28__behaviorsthatappeartobedrivingtheirgeneticdevelopment.Theword“culture〞comesfromtheLatin“colere,〞which__29__means“tocultivate.〞Inotherwords,itreferstoanythingthatis__30__orlearnt,ratherthaninstinctiveornatural.Amonghumanpopulations,culturenotonlyaffectsthewaywelive,butalsowritesitselfintoourgenes,affectingwhoweare.Forinstance,havingspentmanygenerationshuntingthefatmarinemammalsoftheArctic,theEskimosofGreenlandhavedevelopedcertaingenetic__31__thathelpthemdigestandutilizethisfat-richdiet,therebyallowingthemto__32__intheircoldclimate.Likehumans,killerwhaleshavecolonizedarangeofdifferent__33__acrosstheglobe,occupyingeveryoceanbasinontheplanet,withanempirethat__34__frompoletopole.Assuch,differentpopulationsofkillerwhaleshavehadtolearndifferenthuntingtechniquesinordertogaintheupperhandovertheirlocalprey〔獵物〕.This,inturn,hasamajoreffectontheirdiet,leadingscientiststo__35__thattheabilitytolearnpopulation-specifichuntingmethodscouldbedrivingtheanimals’geneticdevelopment.acquiredadaptationsbrutalD)deliberatelyexpressedextendshabitatshumbleimagelitereallyrefinedrevolvesspeculatestructurethrive26-30CIKJA31-35BOGFMSectionBDirections:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoeachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.Livingwithparentsedgesoutotherlivingarrangementsfor18-to34-year-oldsA)Broaddemographic(人口的)shiftsismaritalstatus,educationalattainmentandemploymenthavetransformedthewayyoungadultsinthe.areliving,andanewPewResearchCenteranalysishighlightstheimplicationsofthesechangesforthemostbasicelementoftheirlives—wheretheycallhome.In2021,forthefirsttimeinmorethan130years,adultsages18to34wereslightlymorelikelytobelivingintheirparents’homethantheyweretobelivingwithaspouseorpartnerintheirownhousehold.ThisturnofeventsisfueledprimarilybythedramaticdropintheshareofyoungAmericanswhoarechoosingtosettledownromanticallybeforeage35.Datingbackto1880,themostcommonlivingarrangementamongyoungadultshasbeenlivingwitharomanticpartner,whetheraspouseorasignificantother.Thistypeofarrangementpeakedaround1960,when62%ofthenation’s18-to34-year-oldswerelivingwithaspouseorpartnerintheirownhousehold,andonlyone-in-fivewerelivingwiththeirparents.C)By2021,%ofyoungadultswerelivingownhousehold,belowtheshareliving

withinthe

aspouseorpartnerintheirhomeoftheirparent(s)%).Some14%ofyoungadultslivedalone,wereasingleparentorlivedwithoneormoreroommates.Theremaining22%livedinthehomeofanotherfamilymember(suchasagrandparent,in-laworsibling(non-relative,oringroupquarterslikecollegedormitories.

兄弟姐妹)),aD)It’sworthnotingthattheoverallshareofyoungadultslivingwiththeirparentswasnotatarecordhighin2021.Thisarrangementpeakedaround1940,whenabout35%ofthenation’s18-to34-year-oldslivedwithmomand/ordad(comparedwith32%in2021).Whathaschanged,instead,istherelativeshareadoptingdifferentwaysoflivinginearlyadulthood,withthedeclineofromanticcouplingpushinglivingathometothetopofamuchlessuniformlistoflivingarrangements.Amongyoungadults,livingarrangementsdiffersignificantlybygender.Formenages18to34,livingathomewithmomand/ordadhasbeenthedominantlivingarrangementsince2021,In2021,28%ofyoungmenwerelivingwithaspouseofpartnerintheirownhome,while35%werelivinginthehomeoftheirparent(s).Youngwomen,however,arestillmorelikelytobelivingwithaspouseofromanticpartner(35%)thantheyaretobelivingwiththeirparent(s)(29%).F)In2021,moreyoungwomen(16%)thanyoungmen(13%)wereheadingupahouseholdwithoutaspouseorismainlybecausewomenaremorelikelythanmentobesigleparentslivingwiththeirchildren.Fortheirpart,youngmen(25%)aremorelikelythanyoungwomen(19%)tobelivinginthehomeofanotherfamilymember,anon-relativeorinsometypeofgroupquarters.G)Avarietyoffactorscontributetothelong-runincreaseintheshareofyoung.Adultslivingwiththeparents.Thefirstinthepostponementof,ifnotretreatfrom,marriage.Theaverageageoffirstmarriagehasrisensteadilyfordecades.Inaddition,agrowingshareofyoungadultmaybeavoidingmarriagealtogether.ApreviousPewResearchCenteranalysisprojectedthatasmanyasone-in-fouroftoday’syoungadultmaynevermarry.Whilecohabitation〔同居〕hasbeenontherise,theoverallshareofyoungadultseithermarriedorlivingwithanunmarriedpatnerhassubstantiallyfallensince1990.Inaddition,trendsinbothemploymentstatusandwageshavelikelycontributedtothegrowingshareofyoungadultswhoarelivinginthehomeoftheirparent(s),andthisisespeciallytrueofyoungmen.Employedyoungmenaremuchlesslikelytoliveathomethanyoungmenwithoutajob,andemploymentamongyoungmenhasfallensignificantlyinrecentdecades.Theshareofyoungmenwithjobspeakedaround1960at84%.In2021,only71%of18-to-34-year-oldmenwereemployed.Similarlywithearnings,youngmen’swages(afteradjustingforinflation)havebeenonadownwardtrajectory(軌跡)since1970andfellsignificantlyform2000to2021.Aswageshavefallen,theshareofyoungmenlivinginthehomeoftheirparent(s)hasrisen.Economicfactorsseemtoexplainlessofwhyyoungadultwomenareincreasinglylikelytoliveathome.Generally,youngwomenhavehadgrowingsuccessinthepaidlabormarketsince1960andhencemightincreasinglybeexpectedtobeabetoaffordtoaffordtoliveindependentlyoftheirparents.Forwomen,delayedmarriage—whichisrelated,inpart,tolabormarketoutcomesformentheincreaseintheirlivinginthefamilyhome.

—mayexplainmoreofJ)TheGreatRecession(andmodestrecovery)hasalsobeenassociatedwithanincreaseinyoungadultslivingathome.Initiallyinthewakeoftherecession,collegeenrollmentsexpanded,boostingtheranksofyoungadultslivingathome.Andgiventheweakjobopportunitiesfacingyoungadults,livingathomewaspartoftheprivatesafetynethelpyoungadultstoweathertheeconomicstorm.K)Beyondgender,youngadult’slivingarrangementsdifferconsiderablebyeducation—whichistiedtofinancialmeans.Foryoungadultswithoutabachelor’sdegree,asof2021livingathomewiththeirparentswasmoreprevalentthanlivingwitharomanticpartner.By2021,36%of18-to34-year-oldswhohadnotcompletedabachelor’sdegreewerelivingwiththeirparent(s)while27%werelivingwithaspouseorpartner.Amongcollegegraduates,in202146%weremarriedorlivingwithapartner,andonly19%werelivingwiththeirparent(s).Youngadultswithacollegedegreehavefaredmuchbetterinthelabormarketthantheirless-educatedcounterparts,whichhasinturnmadeiteasiertoestablishtheirownhouseholds.youngmenaremorelikelytolivewiththeirparentsthantheemployed.2021,thepercentageofmenaged18to34livingwiththeirparentswasgreaterthanthatoftheirfemalecounterparts.percentageofyoungpeoplewhoaremarriedorlivewithapartnerhasgreatlydecreasedinthepastthreedecadesorso.themid-20thcentury,only20percentof18-to34-year-oldlivedintheirparents’home.adultswithacollegedegreefounditeasiertoliveindependentlyoftheirparents.menarelesslikelytoendupassingleparentsthanyoungwomen.youngadultwomenlivewiththeirparentsthanbeforeduetodelayedmarriage.percentageofyoungmenwholivewiththeirparentshasgrownduetotheirdecreasedpayinrecentdecades.riseinthenumberofcollegestudentsmademoreyoungadultslivewiththeirparents.reasonforyoungadultstolivewiththeirparentsisthatgetmarriedlateorstaysinglealltheirlives.36-40HEGBK41-45FIHJGSectionCDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Youshoulddecide

onthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.AccordingtothemajorityofAmericans,womenareeverybitascapableofbeinggoodpoliticalleadersasmen.Thesamecanbesaidoftheirabilitytodominatethecorporateboardroom.AndaccordingtoanewPewResearchCentersurveyonwomenandleadership,mostAmericansfindwomenindistinguishablefrommenonkeyleadershiptraitssuchasintelligenceandcapacityforinnovation,withmanysaying

they’re

stronger

thanmenintermsofbeingpassionateandorganizedleaders.Sowhy,then,arewomeninshortsupplyatthetopofgovernmentandbusinessintheUnitedStates?Accordingtothepublic,atleast,itnotthattheylacktoughness,managementtalentorproperskillsets.

’sIt’salsonotallaboutwork-lifebalance.Althougheconomicresearchandprevioussurveyfindingshaveshownthatcareerinterruptionsrelatedtomotherhoodmaymakeitharderforwomentoadvanceintheircareersandcompetefortopexecutivejobs,relativelyfewadultsintherecentsurveypointtothisasakeybarrierforwomenseekingleadershiproles.Onlyaboutone-in-fivesaywomen’sfamilyresponsibilitiesareamajorreasonwhytherearen’tmorefemalesintopleadershippositionsinbusinessandpolitics.Instead,toppingthelistofreasons,aboutfour-in-tenAmericanspointtoadoublestandardforwomenseekingtoclimbtothehighestlevelsofeitherpoliticsorbusiness,wheretheyhavetodomorethantheirmalecounterpartstoprovethemselves.Similarsharessaytheelectorate(選民)andcorporateAmericaarejustnotreadytoputmorewomenintopleadershippositions.Asaresult,thepublicisdividedaboutwhethertheimbalanceincorporateAmericawillchangeintheforeseeablefuture,eventhoughwomenhavemademajoradvancesintheworkplace.While53%believemenwillcontinuetoholdmoretopexecutivepositionsinbusinessinthefuture,44%sayit’sonlyamatteroftimebeforeasmanywomenareintopexecutivepositionsasmen.Americansarelessdoubtfulwhenitcomestopolitics:73%expecttoseeafemalepresidentintheirlifetime.domostAmericansthinkofwomenleadersaccordingtoanewPewResearchCentersurvey?A)Theyhavetodomoretodistinguishthemselves.B)Theyhavetostrivehardertowintheirpositions.C)Theyarestrongerthanmenintermsofwillpower.D)Theyarejustasintelligentandinnovativeasmen.dowelearnfromprevioussurveyfindingsaboutwomenseekingleadershiproles?A)Theyhaveunconquerabledifficultiesontheirwaytosuccess.B)Theyarelackinginconfidencewhencompetingwithmen.C)Theirfailuresmayhavesomethingtodowithfamilyduties.D)Relativelyfewarehinderedintheircareeradvancement.istheprimaryfactorkeepingwomenfromtakingtopleadershippositionsaccordingtotherecentsurvey?A)Personalitytraits.B)Familyresponsibilities.C)Genderbias.D)Lackofvacancies.doesthepassagesayaboutcorporateAmericainthenearfuture?A)Moreandmorewomenwillsitintheboardroom.B)Genderimbalanceinleadershipislikelytochange.C)Thepublicisundecidedaboutwhetherwomenwillmakegoodleaders.D)Peoplehaveopposingopinionsastowhetheritwillhavemorewomenleaders.domostAmericansexpecttoseesoononAmerica’spoliticalstage?A)Awomaninthehighestpositionofgovernment.B)Moreandmorewomenactivelyengagedinpolitics.C)Amajorityofwomenvotingforafemalepresident.D)Asmanywomenintopgovernmentpositionsasmen.PassageTwoQuestions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Peoplehavegrowntalleroverthelastcentury,withSouthKoreanwomenshootingupbymorethan20cmonaverage,andIranianmengaining..Aglobalstudylookedattheaverageheightof18-year-oldsin200countries1914and2021.TheresultsrevealthatwhileSwedeswerethetallestpeopleintheworldin1914,Dutchmenhaverisenfrom12thplacetoclaimtopspotwithanaverageheightof.Larvianwomen.Meanwhile,rosefrom28thplacein1914tobecomethetallestintheworldacenturylater,withanaverageheightof.JamesBentham,aco-authoroftheresearchfromImperialCollege,saystheglobaltrendislikelytobedueprimarilytoimprovementsin

London,nutrition

andhealthcare.

“Anindividual

’sgenetics

hasabiginfluenceontheirheight,butonceyouaverageoverwholepopulations,geneticsplaysalesskeyrole,〞headded.Alittleextraheightbringsanumberofadvantages,saysElioRiboliofImperialCollege.“Beingtallerisassociatedwithlongerlifeexpectancy,〞hesaid.“Thisislargelyduetoalowerriskofdyingofcardiovascular〔心血管的〕diseaseamongtallerpeople.〞Butwhileheighthasincreasedaroundtheworld,thetrendinmanycountriesofnorthandsub-SaharanAfricacausesconcern,saysRiboli.WhileheightincreasedinUgandaandNigerduringtheearly20thcentury,thetrendhasreversedinrecentyears,withheightdecreasingamong18-year-olds.“Onereasonforthesedecreasesinheightistheeconomicsituationinthe1980s,〞saidAlexanderMoradioftheUniversithofSussex.Thenutritionalandhealthcrisesthatfollowedthepolicyofstructuraladjustment,hesays,ledtomanychildrenandteenagersfailingtoreachtheirfullpotentialintermsofheight.Benthambelievetheglobalrtendofincreasingheighthasimportantimplications.“Howtallwearenowisstronglyinfluencedbytheenvironmentwegrewupin,〞hesaid.“Ifwegivechildrenthebestpossiblestartinlifenow,theywillbehealthierandmoreproductivefordecadestocome.〞51.Whatdoestheglobalstudytellusaboutpeople’sheightinthelasthundredyears?A〕Thereisaremarkabledifferenceacrosscontinents.B〕Therehasbeenamarkedincreaseinmostcountries.C〕Theincreaseinpeople’sheighthasbeenquickening.D〕Theincreaseinwomen’sheightisbiggerthaninmen’s.52.WhatdoesJamesBenthamsayaboutgene