(新高考)高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)課時作業(yè)必修一 Unit 4 Natural disasters Language points (含解析)

UNIT4NaturaldisastersLanguagepoints請同學(xué)們認真完成[練案18]一、語言基礎(chǔ)訓(xùn)練Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Theyoungmanwasveryhappytogetbackthegoldring__which/that/不填__hehadlostonthetrain.2．Somepeople__who/that__aresuccessfullearnersoftenfailinotherfields.3．Thewoman__who/that__isshakinghandswithmysisterisadoctor.4．Thisisthemostbeautifulpark__that/不填__Ihavevisited.5．Shetookphotographsofthethingsandpeople__that/不填__shewasinterestedin.6．Look,herearesomepeople__who/whom/that/不填__Iwantyoutomeet.7．Doyoustillrememberthechickenfarm__that/which/不填__wevisitedthreemonthsago?8．Thepicture__which/that__wasabouttheaccidentwasterrible.9．Thisistheveryhotel__that/不填__IstayedatwhenIwastravellinghere.10．Thechild__whose__parentsaredeadiscalledTom.Ⅱ.用定語從句合并句子1．Doyouknowtheman?Themanspoketotheheadmasterjustnow.→Doyouknowtheman__who/thatspoketotheheadmasterjustnow__?2．Ihaveseenthefilm.They’retalkingaboutthefilm.→Ihaveseenthefilm__that/which/不填they’retalkingabout__.3．ThebookwaswrittenbyMarkTwain.HewasafamousAmericanwriter.→ThebookwaswrittenbyMarkTwain__who/thatwasafamousAmericanwriter__.4．ThegirlisfromAmerica.HerfatherisaChinese.→Thegirl__whosefatherisaChinese__isfromAmerica.5．Mygrandparentsliveinahouse.Itismorethan100yearsold.→Mygrandparentsliveinahouse__which/thatismorethan100yearsold__.Ⅲ.用定語從句完成句子1．Musicistheonlything__thatinterestsme__.音樂是唯一令我感興趣的東西。2．Heisaman__whoweareallreadytolearnfrom__.他是我們大家都愿意向他學(xué)習(xí)的人。3．Thisistheverybook__thatIamlookingfor__.這正是我要找的那本書。4．Theearthquake__that/whichhappenedinTangshanin1976__shockedthepeopleallovertheworld.發(fā)生在1976年的唐山地震使全世界人民感到震驚。5．Sheisoneofthegirls__whohavepassedtheexam__.她是通過考試的女孩之一。二、培優(yōu)提升訓(xùn)練Ⅰ.閱讀理解ThequickactionofNickhelpedfivepeopleescapeafireonHopeRoad.Nicksaidheusuallylefthishouseabout5∶30a．m.todomorningexercise，butthatdayhedecidedtostayathometogethisdaughterreadyforschool.Ashelookedathisneighbor’shouse，herealizedthatitwasonfire.“Isawsmokeandflamesandranoverandstartedbeatingonthesideofthehouseshouting，’Yourhouseisonfire！Yourhouseisonfire！’”Nickremembereditwasatabout9a．m.thatthefirefightersputoutthefire.BeverlyPennyandherhusband，Clark，alongwiththeiryoungerdaughters，weresleepinginthelivingroom，nexttothekitchen，whentheyheardNickbeatingonthewalls.Sheopenedthebedroomdoorandblacksmokecamein.Shemanagedtogetherkidsout.Herdogtriedtohideunderthebed，butPennycaughtitbythelegandthrewitoutofthedoor.However，chickensinoneoftheroomsweren’tsolucky.Firefightersgotthecallatabout7∶05a．m.“Whenwearrivedwithourfiretrucks，therewereheavyflamesoutsideonthehouse，”Jerrysaid.HecalledNickahero，sayingthatwithouthisquickresponses(回應(yīng))theresultcouldhavebeenmuchworse.“Thefirefighterswerefast，”Nicksaid.“Theyarrivedherewithinaboutthreeminutes.”“Theydidagreatjob，andIcan’tthankthemenough，”Pennysaid，thenlookedatwhatremainedinthehouseandshookherheadastearsrolleddowninhereyes.“EverythingIhaveisgone.Luckilynobodywashurtinthefire.”Shesaidthefirecouldhavebeencausedbyanelectricalproblem.“We’vebeenhavingproblemswithmice，sothatwecouldhavehadsomethingtodowithit，”sheadded.文章大意：本文講述了Nick發(fā)現(xiàn)鄰居家火情后及時報警，挽救了鄰居一家人性命的感人故事。1．WhatdoyouknowaboutNick？__C__A．Helefthouseat5∶30a．m.thatday.B．Hehasasonwhogoestoschool.C．HelivesnexttoBeverlyPenny.D．HehadadayoffonThursday.解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第三句“Ashelookedathisneighbor’shouse，herealizedthatitwasonfire.可知，Nick和Penny是鄰居?！惫蔬xC。2．Whichofthefollowingistrue？__D__A．Clarkgothurtinthefire.B．Penny’sdogsavedherkids.C．Penny’sdogwaskilledinthefire.D．Penny’schickenswerekilledinthefire.解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的最后一句“However，chickensinoneoftheroomsweren’tsolucky.”可推知，她飼養(yǎng)的那些雞在火災(zāi)中喪生了。故選D。3．Whendidthefirebreakout？__B__A．Atabout5∶30a．m. B．Atabout7a．m.C．Atabout8a．m. D．Atabout9a．m.解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Firefightersgotthecallatabout7∶05a．m.”(消防員接到報警電話的時間大約是7∶05)，可推知，火災(zāi)發(fā)生的時間大約是7點。故選B。4．Wecaninferthat__A__.A．Jerryisafirefighter B．JerryfoundthefireC．Jerrycalledthepolice D．JerryhelpedNickescapethefire解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中第一、二句“Firefightersgotthecallatabout7∶05a．m.’Whenwearrivedwithourfiretrucks，therewereheavyflamesoutsideonthehouse，’Jerrysaid.”可推知，Jerry是一名消防員。故選A。Ⅱ.完形填空Earthquakesareverycommonandthousandsofthemhappennearlyeveryday.Butmostare__1.B__weaktofeel.Duringa__2.C__earthquake,thereisoftenagreatnoisefirst.Thentheearth__3.B__terriblyandmanyhousesfalldown.Railwaytracksbreakandtrainsgo__4.A__lines;agreatmanyfactoriesare__5.C__;_thousandsofdeathsarecaused,andmanymorelosehomes...__6.B__thegreatdamageanddeathscausedbytheearthquakeitself,otherdisasterssuchasfiresoften__7.A__.Morebuildingsaredestroyedandmoredeathsarecaused.Itiswellknownofthe__8.C__ofapossibleearthquake,andforcenturiesmenhavebeenmakingresearchesonearthquakes.Morethan2,000yearsago,__9.C__，aChinesescientistnamedZhangHeng__10.A__amachinewhichcouldfindoutfromwhichcitytheseismicwaveshadcome,andthismachineisstill__11.D__byscientiststoday.Nowweknowmuchmoreaboutearthquakesand__12.D__theyhappen,butwestillcannot__13.B__exactlywhenandwhereanearthquakewillhappen,andcannotstopitfromhappening.Soearthquakesareamongthe__14.A__disastersintheworld.Noonecanstopnaturalearthquakes.__15.A__，scientistscanhelpstopearthquakesdestroyingwholecitiesandcausingtoomanydeaths.文章大意：本文是一篇說明文。文章說明了地震的破壞力以及人們對地震所做的研究，尤其介紹了張衡及地動儀。沒有人能阻止地震的發(fā)生，但科學(xué)家們可以在減少地震的破壞性方面有所幫助。1．A．very B．tooC．quite D．so解析：此處是說有些地震太弱了，以至于人們感覺不到，句中使用的是“too...to...”結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“太……而不能……”。故B項正確。2．A．real B．weakC．big D．small解析：根據(jù)其后的“thereisoftenagreatnoisefirst”可推知應(yīng)選big。故C項正確。3．A．moves B．shakesC．jumps D．breaks解析：由常識可知，發(fā)生地震時地面在晃動(shake)。故B項正確。4．A．off B．onC．into D．behind解析：由“Railwaytracksbreak”可知鐵軌斷了，火車脫軌(off)了。故A項正確。5．A．burst B．struckC．destroyed D．buried解析：工廠被破壞(destroyed)。burst“爆發(fā)”，strike“襲擊，攻擊”，bury“掩埋”，均不符合句意。故C項正確。6．A．Except B．BesidesC．Insteadof D．Becauseof解析：由itself后的“otherdisasters”可知“除了”地震造成的損失之外，還有別的災(zāi)難，故B項正確。7．A．follow B．copyC．come D．enter解析：此處表示伴隨地震而來的災(zāi)害，故填follow表示“跟著”。8．A．information B．questionsC．dangers D．frights解析：由常識可知，地震是很危險的。故C項正確。9．A．a(chǎn)saresult B．infactC．forexample D．a(chǎn)swell解析：下面是作者的舉例，說明人們?yōu)轭A(yù)測地震所做的研究，故選C項。10．A．invented B．discoveredC．found D．bought解析：invent指發(fā)明原來世上不存在的東西或事物，符合句意。discover“發(fā)現(xiàn)”；find“發(fā)現(xiàn)，找到”；buy“買”。故選A項。11．A．improved B．repairedC．protected D．used解析：現(xiàn)代的科學(xué)家仍然在“使用”張衡發(fā)明的地動儀。由still可知D項正確。12．A．where B．whenC．what D．why解析：由后面的“whenandwhere”判斷，此空應(yīng)選why。故D項正確。13．A．speak B．tellC．talk D．point解析：此處tell表示“說明白，講清楚”。故B項正確。14．A．worst B．bestC．most D．fastest解析：由于無法準(zhǔn)確預(yù)測地震何時發(fā)生，故認為其是最嚴重的災(zāi)難之一，由此可知應(yīng)選worst(最壞的)。故選A項。15．A．However B．ButC．And D．So解析：前后句存在轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，but表示轉(zhuǎn)折時不用逗號與其后內(nèi)容隔開，故B項排除。故選A項。Ⅲ.語法填空閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Thepartybeganshortlyafternine.Mr.Wood,wholivedintheflatbelow,sighedtohimselfasheheard__1.exciting__(excite)voicesandthenoisymusic.Luckily,hehadbroughtsomeworkhomefromtheoffice,with__2.which__hekepthimselfbusyforacoupleofhours,thusmanagingtopaynoattention__3.to__thenoiseoverhead.Butbyeleveno’clockhefelttiredandwasreadytogotobedthoughfromhis__4.earlier__(early)experienceheknewitwasnouse__5.trying__(try)togettosleep.Heundressedand__6.lay__(lie)forawhileinbed,tryingtoread,buthefoundhimselfreadingthesamepageoverandoveragain.Hethenturnedoff__7.the__lightandburiedhisheadinthepillow.Butevensohecouldnotshutoffthenoise.Finally,after__8.what__seemedhours,hispatiencewasgone.Hejumpedoutofbed,putonsomeclothing,marchedfirmlyupthestairs,andwalkedintohisneighbor’sapartment.Theowneroftheapartmentcameacrosstheroomand，__9.before__Mr.Woodcouldsayanything,cried,“Mydearfellow,comeandjoinus.Iknowourpartieswouldtroubleyou.Imeanttosendyouaninvitation.”Mr.Wood’sangerdisappearedthenandthere.Hesaid,“I’dbettergoandgetchanged.”Minuteslater,hereturned，__10.properly__(proper)dressed,onlytofind