考研考博-英語-南京理工大學(xué)泰州科技學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-南京理工大學(xué)泰州科技學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Arecentpollshowsthat,while81percentofcollegestudentsareeligibleforsomeformoffinancialaid,only63percentofthesestudentsare___suchaid.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.complainingabout

B.recipientsof

C.dissatisfiedwith

D.turneddownfor

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)complainingabout“投訴；對(duì)……抱怨”；B選項(xiàng)recipientsof“……的收件人；……的獲得者”；C選項(xiàng)dissatisfiedwith“對(duì)……不滿意”；D選項(xiàng)turneddownfor“為……減小，關(guān)小，調(diào)低/拒絕”。句意：最近的一項(xiàng)民意調(diào)查顯示，81%的大學(xué)生有資格獲得某種形式的經(jīng)濟(jì)援助，而這些學(xué)生中只有63%的人___這種援助。本句表示“只有63%的學(xué)生是這些援助的獲得者（只有63%的學(xué)生獲得這些援助）”。因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

2.單選題

Arapidmeansoflong-distancetransportationbecameanecessityfortheUnitedStateassettlementspreadeverfartherwestward.Theearlytrainswereimpracticalcuriosities,andforalongtimetherailroadcompaniesmetwithtroublesomemechanicalproblems.Themostseriousonesweretheconstructionofrailsabletobeartheload,andthedevelopmentofasafe,affectivestoppingsystem.Oncetheseweresolved,therailroadwasestablishedasthebestmeansoflandtransportation.By1860therewerethousandsofmilesofrailroadscrossingtheeasternmountainrangesandreachingwestwardtotheMississippi.Therewerealsoregionalsouthernandwesternlines.

Thehighpointinrailroadbuildingcamewiththeconstructionofthefirsttranscontinentalsystem.In1862CongressauthorizedtwowesternrailroadcompaniestobuildlinesfromNebraskawestwardandfromCaliforniaeastwardtoameetingpoint,soastocompleteatranscontinentalcrossinglinkingtheAtlanticseaboardwiththePacific.TheGovernmenthelpedtherailroadsgenerouslywithmoneyandland.Actualworkonthisprojectbeganfouryearslater.TheCentralPacificCompany,startingfromCalifornia,usedChineselabor,whiletheUnionPacificemployedcrewsofIrishlaborers.Thetwogroupsworkedatremarkablespeed,eachtryingtocoveragreaterdistancethantheother.In1869theymetata

placecalledPromontoryinwhatisnowthestateofUtah.Manyvisitorscamethereforthegreatoccasion.Therewerejoyouscelebrationsalloverthecountry,withparadesandtheringingofchurchbellstohonorthegreatachievement.

Therailroadwasveryimportantinencouragingwestwardmovement.Italsohelpedbuildupindustryandfarmingbymovingrawmaterialsandbydistributingproductsrapidlytodistantmarkets.Inlinkingtownsandpeopletooneanother,ithelpedunifytheUnitedStates.

1.ThemajorproblemswithAmerica’srailroadsysteminthemiddleI9lhcenturylayin（）.

2.Thebuildingofthefirsttranscontinentalsystem（）.

3.Thebesttitleforthispassagewouldbe（）.

4.Theconstructionofthetranscontinentalrailroadtook（）.

5.Whatmostlikelymadepeoplethinkaboutatranscontinentalrailroad?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.poorqualityrailsandunreliablestoppingsystems

B.lackoffinancialsupportfordevelopment

C.limitedrailroadlines

D.lackofatranscontinentalrailroad

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.broughtaboutarapidgrowthofindustryandfarminginthewest

B.attractedmanyvisitorstotheconstructionsites

C.attractedlaborersfromEurope

D.encouragedpeopletotravelalloverthecountry

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.SettlementsSpreadWestward

B.TheCoast-to-CoastRailroad:AVitalLink

C.AmericanRailroadHistory

D.TheImportanceofTrainsintheAmericanEconomy

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.9years

B.7years

C.4years

D.3years

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Thepossibilityofgovernmentsupportforsuchatask.

B.TheneedtoexploreUtah.

C.Theneedtoconnecttheeastcoastwiththewest.

D.Theneedtodeveloptherailroadindustryinthewest.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:C

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。第一段指出:Themostseriousonesweretheconstructionofrailsabletobeartheload,andthedevelopmentofasafe,affectivestoppingsystem(最嚴(yán)重的問題是建設(shè)能承重的鐵軌和開發(fā)安全、有效的（火車）制動(dòng)系統(tǒng)),由此可知A項(xiàng)“質(zhì)量差的鐵軌和不可靠的制動(dòng)系統(tǒng)”正確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。最后一段指出:Therailroadwasveryimportantinencouragingwestwardmovement.Italsohelpedbuildupindustryandfarmingbymovingrawmaterialsandbydistributingproductsrapidlytodistantmarkets(在鼓勵(lì)西進(jìn)運(yùn)動(dòng)方面,鐵路（即美國的第一個(gè)橫貫大陸的鐵路）非常重要。它通過運(yùn)輸原材料和快速地把產(chǎn)品分配到更遠(yuǎn)的市場(chǎng)也幫助加強(qiáng)了工業(yè)和農(nóng)業(yè)（的發(fā)展）),由此可知A項(xiàng)“帶來了西部工業(yè)和農(nóng)業(yè)的快速發(fā)展”正確。

3.主旨大意題。第一段提出:火車成為了美國陸地交通的最好方式,第二段講述美國第一條橫貫大陸鐵路系統(tǒng)的修建。因此B項(xiàng)“橫貫大陸的鐵路:重要的連接”適合作文章標(biāo)題。

4.判斷推理題。第二段指出:In1862CongressauthorizedtwowesternrailroadcompaniestobuildlinesfromNebraskawestwardandfromCaliforniaeastwardtoameetingpoint,soastocompleteatranscontinentalcrossinglinkingtheAtlanticseaboardwiththePacific(1862年,國會(huì)授權(quán)兩家西部鐵路公司建設(shè)從內(nèi)布拉斯加州往西和從加利福尼亞州往東到一個(gè)匯聚點(diǎn)的鐵路線,以便完成一條連接大西洋沿岸和太平洋地區(qū)的橫貫大陸的鐵路線),以及:Actualworkonthisprojectbeganfouryearslater(這個(gè)工程的實(shí)際工作在4年后開始),以及:In1869theymetataplacecalledPromontoryinwhatisnowthestateofUtah,manyvisitorscamethereforthegreatoccasion(1869年,他們?cè)谌缃癃q他州一個(gè)名為普羅蒙特里的地方相遇,很多游客為了這偉大的吋刻而去那里),由此可知橫貫大陸的鐵路線建設(shè)時(shí)間為1866—1869年,供3年,故選D。

5.判斷推理題。第二段指出:soastocompleteatranscontinentalcrossinglinkingtheAtlanticseaboardwiththePacific(以便完成一條連接大西洋沿岸（即文中指代的美國東海岸）和太平洋地區(qū)（即文中指代的美國西部）的橫貫大陸的鐵路線),故選C“需要連接?xùn)|海岸和西部”。

3.單選題

OnJan.17,1995,Kobewashitbya6.9-magnitudequake.TheGreatHanshinEarthquakekilled6,400people.Damagewasestimatedatmorethan$100billion,similartocurrentestimatesofthetolloflastweek’s9.0-magnitudetemblorintheTohokuregionofnorthernJapan.Yet,within18months,economicactivityinKobehadreached98percentofitspre-quakelevel.Astate-of-the-artoffshoreportfacilitywasbuilt,housingwasmodernized—andascruffyportcitybecameaninternationalshowpiece.

TheMarch11earthquakeandtsunamidevastatedasocietythat,forallitswealth,wasstuckinarut.Overthepasttwodecades,Japan’seconomicgrowthaveragedananemic1percentayear.Politically,thecountrywasrudderless.TheLiberalDemocraticParty,whichhadgovernedalmostcontinuouslysincetheendoftheU.S.militaryoccupationfollowingtheWorldWarII,hadfinallywornoutitswelcome.AndthenoviceDemocraticPartyofJapan,whichhadassumedpowerin2009,wasflailing.

Forfourdecadesafterthewar,Japanexperiencedcozypoliticsbackedbyarobusteconomy.Lightlypopulatedruraldistricthadadisproportionateeffectonnationalpolitics.Thegovernmentfinancedmultibillion-dollarbridgestonowhere,expensiveportfacilitiesforsmallfishingvillageandbullettrainstotraversebucolicruralareas—andseeminglylinedeveryriverbedinJapaninconcrete.

Butin1900,thebubbleburst.Theworking-ageshareofthepopulationbegantofall.In1998,thelaborforcestartedtoshrink,andadecadelater,thecountry’spopulationbegantodecline.Eventually,votersconcernedaboutthemountingcostsofwastefulprojectstossedouttheLDP.

BeforetheearthquakeandtsunamidevastatedtheTohokuregiononMarch11,thecountrywasalreadyfacingaslowingeconomy,fiscalstrainanddeflation,anddecadesofwastefulspendinghadsaddledthecountrywithadebtmorethantwicethesizeoftheeconomy.Now,beyondthetragedy’shumantoll,theeconomiccostsarestillbeingcounted—andcouldbevastlyexpandedifthenuclearreactordamageisclosertothatofChernobylthantoThreeMileIsland.Butifrebuildingishandledskillfully,thereishopethatadifferentkindofJapanwillemerge.

Despiteitsweakstartingpoint,thegovernmentholdsafewcards.Ninety-fivepercentofJapan’sdebtisownedbyitscitizens,noforeignhedgefunds;it’sunlikelythatthosecitizenswoulddumptheirbondholdingsifthegovernmenttakesonmoredebttorebuildthecityofSendai,forexample.Financially,thegovernmenthasmoremaneuveringroomthanmightseemapparent.

Somerebuildingcanbefinancedbyredirectingspendingfromuselesswhite-elephantprojectstothehigherpriorityofremakingTohoku.Thequalityofpublicinvestmentinthenationcouldimprove,perhapspermanently,asaresultofthiscrisis.

Whatisreallyatstake—andwhatwilldeterminewhethertheseotherchangeshaveanychanceofcomingtopass—isthestructureofJapanpolitics.IftheincumbentDPJsuccessfullymanagesthisemergency,theepisodecouldreassureJapanesevotersthatthisfledglingpartyrepresentsacrediblealternativetotheLDP.Japanwouldthenhaveatruetwo-partysysteminwhichpoliticalpowerandideasaregenuinelycontested.TheGreatTohokuEarthquakecouldbetheshockthatpushesJapannotonlytorebuildacity,buttoremakeitselfpoliticallyforthe21stcentury.

21.Theauthorwrotethefirstparagraphinanattemptto________.

22.Accordingtothetext,theauthorsuggeststhatDemocraticPartyofJapan________.

23.ExcepttheMarch11earthquakeandtsunami,thehindrancesthatJapan’seconomicgrowthconfrontsEXCLUDE________.

24.Onwhichofthefollowingstatementwouldtheauthormostprobablyagree?

25.Whichofthefollowingisthemostpropertitleofthetext?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.exemplifyhowseveretheconsequencesoftheGreatHanshinEarthquakeare

B.indicatethattheMarch11disastercouldbringoutanewJapanlikeGreatHanshinEarthquakedid

C.makeananalogybetweentheGreatHanshinEarthquakeandtheGreatTohokuEarthquake

D.statethepost-quakereconstructionisdisproportionatetothedamagecausedbythequake

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.hasbeentherulingpartyforapproximately50-oddyears

B.isfailinginleadingtheJapanoutofthedifficulties

C.isanewlyemergentpartinJapan’spoliticalcommunity

D.hassuccessfullymanagedthisemergency

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.deflation

B.theaginglaborforce

C.massivedebts

D.fiscaldeficit

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.CriticismismixedwithoptimismforJapan’seconomicandpoliticallandscape.

B.Theburstingbubbleofeconomyresultsinthedecreasingworking-agepopulation.

C.Japan’spartysystemhasbeenaone-partyonesinceWorldWarIItillDPJ’soffice.

D.ThemeritsJapancanderivefromthequakeoverwhelmtherisksandconsequencesofit.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.WilltheCrisisCreateaNewJapan?

B.TheHistoryofGreatEarthquakesinJapan.

C.HowJapaneseGovernmentWillCopeWiththe311Emergency.

D.VirtuesandVicesofMarch11EarthquakeandTsunami.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:A

【解析】21.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段第三句Damagewasestimatedatmorethan$100billion,similartocurrentestimatesofthetolloflastweek’s9.0-magnitudetemblorintheTohokuregionofnorthernJapan.（地震造成的損失估計(jì)超過1,000億美元，與上周日本北部東北地區(qū)9.0級(jí)地震造成的損失類似。），作者分別列出兩個(gè)地震的損失情況，所以C選項(xiàng)“將阪神大地震與東北大地震進(jìn)行類比”正確。A選項(xiàng)“舉例說明阪神大地震的后果有多嚴(yán)重”和D選項(xiàng)“說明震后重建與地震造成的損失不成比例”：作者只是陳述了事實(shí)，沒有這樣的意思，故錯(cuò)誤。B選項(xiàng)“表明3月11日的災(zāi)難可能帶來一個(gè)像阪神大地震那樣的新日本”：作者沒有要預(yù)示的意圖，故錯(cuò)誤。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

22.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句AndthenoviceDemocraticPartyofJapan,whichhadassumedpowerin2009,wasflailing.（2009年剛上臺(tái)的日本民主黨也陷入了困境。），可知民主黨沒有解決掉問題，所以B選項(xiàng)“沒有成功領(lǐng)導(dǎo)日本走出困難”正確，D選項(xiàng)“成功地處理了這一緊急情況”和A選項(xiàng)“已經(jīng)執(zhí)政了大約50多年”錯(cuò)誤。C選項(xiàng)“是日本政治共同體中一個(gè)新興的部分”：文章沒有提到，故錯(cuò)誤。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

23.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段第二句Theworking-ageshareofthepopulationbegantofall.（勞動(dòng)年齡人口的比例開始下降。），第五段第一句thecountrywasalreadyfacingaslowingeconomy,fiscalstrainanddeflation,anddecadesofwastefulspendinghadsaddledthecountrywithadebtmorethantwicethesizeoftheeconomy.（日本已經(jīng)面臨著經(jīng)濟(jì)放緩、財(cái)政緊張和通貨緊縮的問題，數(shù)十年的浪費(fèi)開支使日本背負(fù)了超過經(jīng)濟(jì)規(guī)模兩倍的債務(wù)。），可知日本經(jīng)濟(jì)增長的障礙包括了A選項(xiàng)“通貨緊縮”，B選項(xiàng)“勞動(dòng)力老齡化”和C選項(xiàng)“巨額債務(wù)”，符合文章意思，故錯(cuò)誤，D選項(xiàng)“財(cái)政赤字”沒有提到，不符合文章意思，因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

24.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句Whatisreallyatstake—andwhatwilldeterminewhethertheseotherchangeshaveanychanceofcomingtopass—isthestructureofJapanpolitics.（真正利害攸關(guān)的是日本的政治結(jié)構(gòu)，這將決定這些其他變化是否有機(jī)會(huì)實(shí)現(xiàn)。）和最后一句TheGreatTohokuEarthquakecouldbetheshockthatpushesJapannotonlytorebuildacity,buttoremakeitselfpoliticallyforthe21stcentury.（日本東北大地震可能不僅會(huì)促使日本重建一座城市，還會(huì)促使日本在21世紀(jì)重塑自己的政治形象），可知作者對(duì)于日本的前景處于中立態(tài)度，所以A選項(xiàng)“對(duì)于日本的經(jīng)濟(jì)和政治前景，既有批評(píng)也有樂觀”正確。B選項(xiàng)“經(jīng)濟(jì)泡沫的破裂導(dǎo)致了勞動(dòng)年齡人口的減少”：根據(jù)第四段第一、二句Butin1900,thebubbleburst.Theworking-ageshareofthepopulationbegantofall.（但在1900年，泡沫破裂了。勞動(dòng)人口的比例開始下降。），這里沒有提到經(jīng)濟(jì)泡沫破裂和勞動(dòng)人口減少的直接關(guān)系，故錯(cuò)誤。C選項(xiàng)“日本的政黨制度自二戰(zhàn)以來一直是一黨執(zhí)政，直到民主黨上臺(tái)”：根據(jù)第二段倒數(shù)第二句TheLiberalDemocraticParty,whichhadgovernedalmostcontinuouslysincetheendoftheU.S.militaryoccupationfollowingtheWorldWarII（自二戰(zhàn)后美國軍事占領(lǐng)結(jié)束以來，自民黨幾乎一直持續(xù)執(zhí)政），自民黨幾乎一直持續(xù)執(zhí)政不代表一直執(zhí)政，故錯(cuò)誤。D選項(xiàng)“日本可以從地震中獲得的優(yōu)點(diǎn)壓倒了它的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和后果”：根據(jù)第五段最后一句Butifrebuildingishandledskillfully,thereishopethatadifferentkindofJapanwillemerge.（但如果重建工作處理得當(dāng)，一個(gè)不同類型的日本將有望出現(xiàn)。），文章沒有提到地震帶來的好處比損失大，只有處理得當(dāng)，益處才會(huì)呈現(xiàn)，故錯(cuò)誤。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

25.主旨大意題。文章第一段指出神戶因?yàn)榈卣鸲F(xiàn)代化，后面提到日本的各種問題，再在文章最后展望日本在政治經(jīng)濟(jì)方面可能的情況，所以A選項(xiàng)“危機(jī)會(huì)創(chuàng)造一個(gè)新日本嗎”正確。B選項(xiàng)“日本大地震的歷史”，C選項(xiàng)“日本政府將如何應(yīng)對(duì)311緊急事件”和D選項(xiàng)“3月11日地震和海嘯的利弊”是文章的部分內(nèi)容，不足以概括全文，故錯(cuò)誤。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

4.單選題

The（）cycleoflifeanddeathisasubjectofinteresttoscientistsandphilosophersalike.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.incompatible

B.exceeding

C.instantaneous

D.eternal

【答案】D

【解析】形容詞辨析。incompatible不相容的，矛盾的；exceeding超越;instantaneous瞬間的，即刻的；eternal永恒的，不朽的。句意：（）生死輪回是一個(gè)科學(xué)家和哲學(xué)家都感興趣的課題。D選項(xiàng)eternal符合句意。

5.單選題

MostbroadcastersmaintainthatTVhasbeenunfairlycriticizedandarguethatpowerofthemediumis（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.granted

B.implied

C.exaggerated

D.remedied

【答案】C

【解析】granted授予,同意；implied暗示；exaggerated夸張；remedied補(bǔ)救。句意：大多數(shù)廣播公司認(rèn)為電視受到了不公正的批評(píng),認(rèn)為媒體的力量被夸大了。

6.單選題

Theworkloadcanbeevenedout,insteadoftheshophavingbusytimesand（

）periods.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.prosperous

B.memorable

C.discrete

D.slack

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。prosperous“繁榮的，興旺的”；memorable“難忘的，值得紀(jì)念的”；discrete“離散的，不連續(xù)的”；slack“松弛的，蕭條的”。句意：工作量可以均衡分配，這樣商店就不會(huì)有旺季和淡季之分。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

7.單選題

Hotmetal______asitgrowscooler.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.contracts

B.reduces

C.condenses

D.compresses

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A項(xiàng)contract“收縮、訂約”；B項(xiàng)reduce“減少”；C項(xiàng)condense“濃縮、凝結(jié)”；D項(xiàng)compress“壓縮、壓緊、精簡”；句意：熱金屬一變冷就收縮。因此該題A項(xiàng)正確。

8.單選題

Theworkers'demandare（

）;theyareaskingforonlyasmallincreaseintheirwages.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.complicated

B.moderate

C.abnormal

D.commercial

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。complicated“復(fù)雜的”；moderate“適度的”；abnormal“不正常的”；commercial“商業(yè)的”。句意：工人們提出了適度的要求：漲一點(diǎn)工資。由后半句的“onlyasmallincrease…”可知這種要求是適度的。B項(xiàng)符合題意，答案B

9.單選題

Politicallythesenationstendtobe（

），withveryhighbirthratesbutpooreducationandverylowlevelsofliteracy.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.unstable

B.reluctant

C.rational

D.unsteady

【答案】A

【解析】句意:這些國家出生率很高而教育和文化水平低下，所以政治上不穩(wěn)定。

形容詞辨析。Unstable不穩(wěn)定的,不牢固的;reluctant不情愿的，勉強(qiáng)的;rational合理的，理性的;unsteady不安定的，反復(fù)無常的。因此A符合句意。

10.單選題

Seariseasaconsequenceofglobalwarmingwouldimmediatelythreatenthatlargefractionoftheglobelivingatthesealevel.Nearlyone-thirdofallhumanbeingslivewithin36milesofacoastline.Mostoftheworld’sgreatseaportcitieswouldbe（1）:NewOrleans,Amsterdam,Shanghai,andCairo.Somecountries—MaldivesIslandsintheIndianOcean,islandsinthePacific—wouldbeinundated.HeavilypopulatedcoastalareassuchasinBangladeshandEgypt,（2）largepopulationsoccupylow-lyingareas,wouldsufferextreme（3）.

Warmeroceanswouldspawnstrongerhurricanesandtyphoons,（4）incoastalflooding,possiblyswampingvaluableagriculturallandsaroundtheworld.（5）waterqualitymayresultas（6）floodingwhichforcessaltwaterintocoastalirrigationanddrinkingwatersupplies,andirreplaceable,natural（7）couldbefloodedwithoceanwater,destroyingforevermanyofthe（8）plantandanimalspecieslivingthere.

Foodsuppliesandforestswouldbe（9）affected.Changesinrainfallpatternswoulddisruptagriculture.Warmertemperatureswould（10）grain-growingregionspole-wards.Thewarmingwouldalsoincreaseandchangethepestplants,suchasweedsandtheinsects（11）thecrops.

Humanhealthwouldalsobeaffected.Warmingcould（12）tropicalclimatebringingwithityellowfever,malaria,andotherdiseases.Heatstressandheatmortalitycouldrise.Theharmful（13）oflocalizedurbanairpollutionwouldverylikelybemoreseriousinwarmer（14）.Therewillbesome（15）fromwarming.Newsea-laneswillopenintheArctic,longergrowingseasonsfurthernorthwill（16）newagriculturallands,andwarmertemperaturewillmakesomeoftoday’scolderregionsmore（17）.Butthesebenefitswillbeinindividualareas.Thenaturalsystems一bothplantandanimal—willbelessablethanmantocopeand（18）.Anychangeoftemperature,rainfall,andsealevelofthemagnitudenow（19）willbedestructivetonaturalsystemsandlivingthingsandhencetomanaswell.

Thelistofpossibleconsequencesofglobalwarmingsuggestsveryclearlythatwemustdoeverythingwecannowtounderstanditscausesandeffectsandtotakeallmeasurespossibletopreventandadapttopotentialandinevitabledisruptions（20）byglobalwarming.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.ascended

B.assaulted

C.erased

D.endangered

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.which

B.where

C.when

D.what

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.dislocation

B.discontent

C.distribution

D.distinction

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.rebuking

B.rambling

C.resulting

D.rallying

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Increased

B.Reduced

C.Expanded

D.Saddened

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.inland

B.coastal

C.urban

D.suburban

問題7選項(xiàng)

A.dry-land

B.mountain

C.wetlands

D.forest

問題8選項(xiàng)

A.unique

B.precious

C.interesting

D.exciting

問題9選項(xiàng)

A.geologically

B.adversely

C.secretively

D.serially

問題10選項(xiàng)

A.shift

B.generate

C.grease

D.fuse

問題11選項(xiàng)

A.hiking

B.hugging

C.attacking

D.activating

問題12選項(xiàng)

A.endanger

B.accommodate

C.adhere

D.enlarge

問題13選項(xiàng)

A.profits

B.values

C.effects

D.interests

問題14選項(xiàng)

A.conditions

B.accommodation

C.surroundings

D.evolution

問題15選項(xiàng)

A.adjustments

B.benefits

C.adoptions

D.profits

問題16選項(xiàng)

A.alternate

B.abuse

C.advocate

D.create

問題17選項(xiàng)

A.accidental

B.habitable

C.anniversary

D.ambient

問題18選項(xiàng)

A.adapt

B.alleviate

C.agitate

D.assert

問題19選項(xiàng)

A.ascertained

B.conformed

C.consoled

D.anticipated

問題20選項(xiàng)

A.tutored

B.relayed

C.triggered

D.reflected

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:B

第6題:B

第7題:C

第8題:A

第9題:B

第10題:A

第11題:C

第12題:D

第13題:C

第14題:A

第15題:B

第16題:D

第17題:B

第18題:A

第19題:D

第20題:C

【解析】（1）動(dòng)詞辨析和上下文語義。句意:海平面上升沿海城市。ascended攀登，上升；assaulted攻擊，襲擊；erased抹去，擦掉；endangered危及。選項(xiàng)D符合句意和上下文邏輯。

（2）狀語從句。地名BangladeshandEgypt后用地點(diǎn)引導(dǎo)詞where。

（3）名詞辨析和上下文語義。原句為，Heavilypopulatedcoastalareaswouldsufferextreme（人口稠密的沿海地區(qū)將遭受）。dislocation混亂，斷層；discontent不滿；distribution分配；distinction區(qū)別，差別。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

（4）固定搭配。故答案為C。rebuke“指責(zé)，譴責(zé)”；ramble“漫步，漫游”；rally“重整旗鼓，使恢復(fù)健康”。resultin后面接coastalflooding，意為“引起，導(dǎo)致海岸洪災(zāi)”。

（5）上下文語義。Increased增加的，上升的；reduced減少的，簡化的；expanded膨脹的，擴(kuò)大的；saddened悲哀的，憂愁的。根據(jù)上下文可知水質(zhì)量是下降的。

（6）上下文語義。全文都圍繞海平面上升和沿海洪水展開論述，coastal沿海的,海岸的。

（7）名詞辨析。dry-land旱地；mountain山脈；wetlands濕地；forest森林。根據(jù)原文，在沿海地區(qū)的自然地帶，有可能被洪水，選項(xiàng)C符合邏輯。

（8）形容詞辨析和上下文語義。unique獨(dú)特的；precious值得珍視的；interesting有趣的；exciting令人興奮的。句意：摧毀那兒的動(dòng)植物物種。unique強(qiáng)調(diào)數(shù)量稀有而獨(dú)特，precious強(qiáng)調(diào)價(jià)值寶貴。選項(xiàng)A更符合。

（9）副詞辨析。geologically地質(zhì)學(xué)地，地質(zhì)地；adversely不利地；secretively隱秘地，隱匿地；serially連續(xù)地。句意應(yīng)為：糧食供應(yīng)和森林受到不利的影響。

（10）動(dòng)詞辨析和上下文語義。shift移動(dòng)，移位；generate產(chǎn)生，發(fā)生；grease涂脂，賄賂；fuse熔化。句意：溫度升高會(huì)使谷物生長區(qū)向兩極。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

（11）動(dòng)詞辨析。hiking遠(yuǎn)足，步行；hugging擁抱；attacking侵襲。activating刺激，使活動(dòng)。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。weedsandtheinsectsattackingthecrops表示雜草和昆蟲攻擊莊稼。

（12）動(dòng)詞辨析。endanger危及；accommodate供應(yīng)，供給；adhere黏附，膠著；enlarge擴(kuò)大，擴(kuò)展。句意：氣候變暖可能熱帶氣候，導(dǎo)致黃熱病、瘧疾和其他疾病。enlarge放在此處符合句意。

（13）上下文語義。句意：局部化的城市空氣污染的有害更加嚴(yán)重。harmful后面接effects,表示有害影響。

（14）名詞辨析。選項(xiàng)中，conditions條件；accommodation住處，膳宿；surroundings環(huán)境；evolution進(jìn)展；進(jìn)化。句意：在更加溫暖的下會(huì)更加嚴(yán)重。conditions符合句意。

（15）名詞辨析和固定搭配。adjustments調(diào)整；benefits益處；adoptions收養(yǎng)；profits利潤，收益。Benefits符合句意，在此與fromwarming表示變暖的好處。

（16）動(dòng)詞辨析和上下文語義。alternate交替，輪流；abuse濫用；advocate提倡；create創(chuàng)造，產(chǎn)生。此處還是說海平面上升帶來的有利方面，create符合上下文語義。

（17）形容詞辨析。accidental意外的，非主要的；habitable可居住的；anniversary周年紀(jì)念為名詞，排除；ambient周圍的。句意：氣候變暖使現(xiàn)在更冷的地方更加適宜。habitable符合句意。

（18）動(dòng)詞辨析。adapt使適應(yīng)；alleviate使易于忍受，減輕；agitate攪動(dòng)，煽動(dòng)；assert斷言，聲稱。

空前有一個(gè)并列連接詞and，此處應(yīng)填一個(gè)cope的并列詞。選項(xiàng)中，adapt（使適應(yīng)）符合邏輯。

（19）上下文語義。ascertained確定的，探知的；conformed一致的，順從的；consoled安慰的，慰藉的；anticipated預(yù)見的，預(yù)期的。句中有一個(gè)will，因此選項(xiàng)要體現(xiàn)將來的含義。Anticipated符合邏輯。

（20）動(dòng)詞辨析。tutored輔導(dǎo)，輔助；relayed使接替，傳播；triggered觸發(fā)；reflected反射，反映。此處應(yīng)填triggered表示由全球變暖引發(fā)的不良影響。

11.單選題

Childrenvalueperceptivecomments,responsesandquestionsontheirwriting,buttheyquicklyseethrough（）approvalandgeneralizedfaintpraise.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.pernicious

B.perfunctory

C.lethargic

D.phlegmatic

【答案】B

【解析】形容詞詞義辨析。pernicious“有害的”；perfunctory“敷衍的”；lethargic“昏睡的，無生氣的”；phlegmatic“冷淡的，遲鈍的”。句意：孩子們重視他們寫作中具有洞察力的評(píng)論、回答和問題，但是他們能迅速區(qū)分敷衍的意見和普通的贊美。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

12.單選題

Onlyonceinawhile（）anovellikethat.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.theloverofbookscomesabout

B.theloverofbookscomesacross

C.doestheloverofbookscomeacross

D.doestheloverofbookscome

【答案】C

【解析】考查倒裝。Only位于句首，句子需要倒裝，由此可首先排除選項(xiàng)A和選項(xiàng)B；再根據(jù)句意：愛書的人只有偶爾才會(huì)遇到這樣的小說。comeacross意為“偶遇，無意中發(fā)現(xiàn)”，選項(xiàng)C符合語境。

13.單選題

He（

）bethepersonwhokilledMarybecausehewaswithmelastnightthewholenightand（

）it.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.can’t...couldnotdo

B.maynotcouldnotdo

C.mustnot...couldnothavedone

D.can’t...couldnothavedone

【答案】A

【解析】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法。句意：他肯定不是殺害瑪麗的人，因?yàn)樗蛲碚砀以谝黄?，所以他不可能做這件事。第一空表示推測(cè)，后面提到了原因，所以這里的推測(cè)是非?？隙ǖ牟聹y(cè)，用can’t，mustnot表示“禁止”的意思,不符合題意；第二空couldnothavedone表示“本不會(huì)做某事（實(shí)際上做了）”，不符合題意，因此此處要填入couldnotdo。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

14.單選題

Thereisa（）differenceinmeaningbetweenthetwowords“surroundings”and“environment”.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.gentle

B.feeble

C.subtle

D.humble

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)gentle“溫和的；文雅的”；B選項(xiàng)feeble“微弱的；虛弱的”；C選項(xiàng)subtle“微妙的；細(xì)微的；敏感的；稀薄的”；D選項(xiàng)humble“謙遜的；簡陋的；（級(jí)別或地位）低下的”。句意：“surroundings”與“environment”這兩個(gè)單詞在意思上存在細(xì)微的差異。根據(jù)句意，選項(xiàng)C正確。

15.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingsentencesintogoodEnglish.

1.故宮雄偉、壯麗，是中國古建筑藝術(shù)的巔峰之作，其規(guī)模和獨(dú)具特色的風(fēng)格享譽(yù)世界。故宮內(nèi)保存著大量珍貴、稀有的古物，它們對(duì)研究明、清兩代歷史和歷史藝術(shù)具有十分重要的意義。1925年故宮改名為故宮博物館，成為世界最大的博物館之一。

2.這一年，我們隆重紀(jì)念了中國人民抗日戰(zhàn)爭暨世界反法西斯戰(zhàn)爭勝利70周年，舉行了盛大閱兵，昭示了正義必勝、和平必勝、人民必勝的真理。我和馬英九先生在新加坡會(huì)面，實(shí)現(xiàn)了跨越66年時(shí)空的握手，表明兩岸關(guān)系和平發(fā)展是兩岸同胞的共同心愿。

3.新西蘭是發(fā)達(dá)的高福利社會(huì)，并以盛產(chǎn)高質(zhì)量的水果、肉和乳制品著稱于世。服務(wù)業(yè)，特別是旅游以及與教育相關(guān)的產(chǎn)業(yè)，也在經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展中起著重要作用。每年有很多來自中國的游客和留學(xué)生來到新西蘭享受它所提供的一切。

【答案】1.ThemagnificentandsplendidImperialPalace,asthepinnacleofancientChineseart,isworld-renownedforitsscaleanduniquestyle.TheImperialPalacecontainsalargenumberofpreciousandrareantiquities,whichareofgreatsignificancetothestudyofthehistoryandhistoricalartoftheMingandQingdynasties.In1925,TheImperialPalacewasrenamedthePalaceMuseum,becomingoneofthelargestmuseumsintheworld.

2.Thisyear,wesolemnlycommemoratedthe70thanniversaryofthevictoryoftheChinesepeople'swarofresistanceagainstJapaneseaggressionandtheworldanti-fascistwar.Agrandmilitaryparadewasheldtodemonstratethetruththatjusticewillwin,peacewillprevailandthepeoplebeboundtowin.WhenMr.MaYing-jeouandImetinSingapore,weshookhandsacross66yearsoftimeandspace.Thisshowsthatpeacefuldevelopmentofcross-straitsrelationsisthecommonaspirationofpeopleonbothsidesoftheTaiwanstraits.

3.NewZealandisadevelopedsocietywithhighwelfareandisrenownedforitshighqualityfruit,meatanddairyproducts.Services,especiallytourismandeducation-relatedindustries,alsoplayanimportantroleineconomicdevelopmentinNewZealand.EveryyearmanyChinesetouristsandstudentscometoNewZealandtoenjoywhatitcanoffer.

16.單選題

ProfessorSmithhasalreadyretired,buthisteachingsstill（）stronginfluenceonhisstudents.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.execute

B.forsake

C.exert

D.forge

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。execute“實(shí)行，執(zhí)行；處死”；forsake“放棄”；exert“運(yùn)用，發(fā)揮；施以影響”；forge“鍛造”。句意：Smith教授已經(jīng)退休了，但是他的教導(dǎo)依然在他的學(xué)生中產(chǎn)生重大影響。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

17.單選題

Asthetrainwillnotleaveuntilonehourlater,we（

）grababiteatthesnackbar.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.maywell

B.justaswell

C.mightaswell

D.aswell

【答案】C

【解析】句意:既然火車一小時(shí)后才開，我們不妨去快餐店吃點(diǎn)東西。

固定搭配。mightaswell不妨……，最好……。

18.單選題

Althoughthebodyismadeupofmanydifferenttissues,thesetissuesarearrangedinan（

）andorderlyfashion.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.incredible

B.internal

C.intricate

D.initial

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)incredible“不可思議的，難以置信的”；B選項(xiàng)internal“內(nèi)在的”；C選項(xiàng)intricate“錯(cuò)綜復(fù)雜的”；D選項(xiàng)initial“最初的”。原句表示“雖然人體是由許多不同的組織組成的，但這些組織是以______而有序的方式排列的”可知C選項(xiàng)符合句意。句意：雖然人體是由許多不同的組織組成的，但這些組織是以錯(cuò)綜復(fù)雜而有序的方式排列的。

19.單選題

TherearepeopleinItalywhocan’tstandsoccer.NotallCanadianslovehockey.AsimilarsituationexistsinAmerica,wheretherearethoseindividualsyoumaybeoneofthemwhoyawnorevenfrownwhensomebodymentionsbaseball.Baseballtothemmeansboringhourswatchinggrownmeninfunnytightoutfitsstandingaroundinafieldstaringawaywhileverylittleofanythinghappens.Theytellyouit’sagamebettersuitedtothe19thcentury,slow,quiet,andgentlemanly.Thesearethesamepeopleyoumaybeoneofthemwholovefootballbecausethere’sthesportthatglorifies“thehit”.

Bycontrast,baseballseemsabstract,cool,silent,still.OnTVthegameisfracturedintoadozenperspectives,replays,andclose-ups.Thegeometryofthegame,however,isessentialtounderstandingit.Youwillcontemplatethegamefromonepointasapainterdoeshissubject;youmay,ofcourse,projectyourselfintothegame.Itisinthisprojectionthatthegameaffordssomuchspaceandtimeforinvolvement.TheTVwon’tdoitforyou.

Take,forexample,thethirdbaseman.Yousitbehindthethirdbasedugoutandyouwatchhimwatchinghomeplate.Hislegsareapart,kneesflexed.Hisarmsbangloose.Hedoesalotofthis.Theskepticstillcannotthinkofanyothersportssostill,sopassive.Butwatchwhathappenseverytimethepitcherthrows:thethirdbasemangoesuponhistoes,flexeshisarmsorbringtheglovetoapointinfrontofhim,takesasteprightorleft,backwardorforward,perhapsheglancesacrossthefieldtocheckhisfirstbaseman’sposition.Supposethepitchisaball.“Nothinghappened,”yousay.“Icouldhavehadmyeyesclosed.”

Theskepticandtheinnocentmustplaythegame.Andthisinvolvementinthestandsisnomoreintellectualthanlisteningtomusicis.Watchthethirdbaseman.Smooththedirtinfrontofyouwithonefoot;smooththepocketinyourglove;watchtheeyesofthebatter,thespeedofthebat,thesoundofhorsehideonwood.Iffootballisasymphonyofmovementandtheatre,baseballischambermusic,aspaciousinterlockingofnotes,choresandresponses.

1.Thepassageismainlyconcernedwith______.

2.Thosewhodon’tlikebaseballmaycomplainthat______.

3.Theauthoradmitsthat______.

4.Bystating“Icouldhavehadmyeyesclosed.”theauthormeans______.

5.Wecansafelyconcludethattheauthor______.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.thedifferenttastesofpeopleforsports

B.thedifferentcharacteristicsofsports

C.theattractionoffootball

D.theattractionofbaseball

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.itisonlytothetasteoftheold

B.itinvolvesfewerplayersthanfootball

C.itisnotexcitingenough

D.itispretentiousandlooksfunny

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.baseballistoopeacefulfortheyoung

B.baseballmayseemboringwhenwatchedonTV

C.footballismoreattractingthanbaseball

D.baseballismoreinterestingthanfootball

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.thethirdbasemanwouldrathersleepthanplaythegame

B.evenifthethir