考研考博-英語(yǔ)-山東外國(guó)語(yǔ)職業(yè)技術(shù)大學(xué)考試押題卷含答案詳解3

書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-山東外國(guó)語(yǔ)職業(yè)技術(shù)大學(xué)考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買(mǎi)！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Youcan'tbe（

）carefulinmakingthedecisionasitwassuchacriticalcase.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.very

B.quite

C.too

D.so

【答案】C

【解析】can'tbetoo為固定搭配，意為“再……也不為過(guò)”。句意：這是一個(gè)如此重要的案件，你做決定時(shí)怎么謹(jǐn)慎也不過(guò)分。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

2.單選題

Iwantsomething（

）placedinthiswindowsothatnoonewillbeabletowatchme.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.crotchety

B.opaque

C.inductive

D.incongruous

【答案】B

【解析】考察形容詞詞義辨析。crotchety“有怪想的”；opaque“不透明的”；inductive“感應(yīng)的；誘導(dǎo)的”；incongruous“不協(xié)調(diào)的，不一致的”。句意：我想放一些不透明的東西到窗戶上，這樣就沒(méi)人能看見(jiàn)我了。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

3.單選題

Hisstrongsenseofhumorwas（）makeeveryoneintheroomburstoutlaughing.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.soasto

B.suchasto

C.sothat

D.suchthat

【答案】D

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)soasto“以便；以致”；B選項(xiàng)suchasto“到如此程度以致；像這個(gè)樣子因而”；C選項(xiàng)sothat“以便；所以”；D選項(xiàng)suchthat“如此……以至于”。to后面不能直接加句子，排除A/B,sothat雖然可以是一個(gè)詞組，但是在這個(gè)句子里，修飾的是“sense”，是個(gè)名詞，應(yīng)該用such。句意：他強(qiáng)烈的幽默感使房間里的每個(gè)人都捧腹大笑。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

4.單選題

4.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.8:00.

B.8:15.

C.8:40.

D.8:45.

【答案】B

【解析】W:Arewegoingtobelate?

M:Wewillbeunlesswehurry.

W:Whendoestheshowstart?

M:At8:30.We’vegot15minutestogetthere.

Q:Whattimeisitnow?

【解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。對(duì)話指出演出在8:30，現(xiàn)在他們只有15分鐘的時(shí)間到那兒。由此判斷現(xiàn)在的時(shí)間是8點(diǎn)15分。

5.單選題

Hesaiditwouldnotbeallthatdifficulttoreachapeacefulconclusiontothe（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.paradox

B.dilemma

C.prejudice

D.conflict

【答案】D

【解析】paradox似非而是的論點(diǎn)，自相矛盾的話；dilemma困境，進(jìn)退兩難；prejudice偏見(jiàn)，成見(jiàn)；conflict沖突，爭(zhēng)執(zhí)，矛盾。句意：他說(shuō)并不是所有的沖突都很難達(dá)成和平解決的共識(shí)。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

6.單選題

Thecitywasvirtuallyparalyzedbythetransitstrikeforbetterwages.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.subjectively

B.imaginably

C.positively

D.practically

【答案】D

【解析】考查副詞辨析。Virtually表示“事實(shí)上，幾乎”；A項(xiàng)subjectively“主觀地，臆想地”，B項(xiàng)imaginably“可想象地”，C項(xiàng)positively“積極地”，D項(xiàng)practically“實(shí)際上，幾乎”。句意：因?yàn)楣卉囁緳C(jī)要求漲薪的大罷工，這座城市陷入癱瘓。根據(jù)句意可知D項(xiàng)正確。

7.單選題

Ithaslongbeenknownthattherateofoxidativemetabolism(theprocessthatusesoxygentoconvertfoodintoenergy)inanyanimalhasaprofoundeffectonitslivingpatterns.Thehighmetabolicrateofsmallanimals,forexample,givesthemsustainedpowerandactivityperunitofweight,butatthecostofrequiringconstantconsumptionoffoodandwater.Verylargeanimals,withtheirrelativelylowmetabolicrates,cansurvivewellonasporadicfoodsupply,butcangeneratelittlemetabolicenergypergramofbodyweight.Ifonlyoxidativemetabolicrateisconsidered,therefore,onemightassumethatsmaller,moreactive,animalscouldpreyonlargerones,atleastiftheyattackedingroups.Perhapstheycouldifitwerenotforanaerobicglycolysis,thegreatequalizer.

Anaerobicglycolysisisaprocessinwhichenergyisproduced,withoutoxygen,throughthebreakdownofmuscleglycogenintolacticacidandadenosinetriphosphate(ATP),theenergyprovider.Theamountofenergythatcanbeproducedanaerobicallyisafunctionoftheamountofglycogenpresent——inallvertebratesabout0.5percentoftheirmuscles’netweight.Thustheanaerobicenergyreservesofavertebrateareproportionaltothesizeoftheanimal.If,forexample,somepredatorshadattackeda100-tendinosaur,normallytorpid,thedinosaurwouldhavebeenabletogeneratealmostinstantaneously,viaanaerobicglycolysis,theenergyof3,000humansatmaximumoxidativemetabolicenergyproduction.Thisexplainshowmanylargespecieshavemanagedtocompetewiththeirmoreactiveneighbors:thecompensationforalowoxidativemetabolicrateisglycolysis.

Therearelimitations,however,tothiscompensation.Theglycogenreservesofanyanimalaregood,atmost,foronlyabouttwominutesatmaximumeffort,afterwhichonlythenormaloxidativemetabolicsourceofenergyremains.Withtheconclusionofaburstofactivity,thelacticacidlevelishighinthebodyfluids,leavingthelargeanimalvulnerableto

attackuntiltheacidisreconverted,viaoxidativemetabolism,bytheliverintoglucose,whichisthensent(inpart)backtothemusclesforglycogenresynthesis.Duringthisprocesstheenormousenergydebtthattheanimalhasrunupthroughanaerobicglycolysismustberepaid,adebtthatisproportionallymuchgreaterforthelargervertebratesthanforthesmallerones.Whereasthetinyshrewcanreplaceinminutestheglycogenusedformaximumeffort,forexample,thegiganticdinosaurwouldhaverequiredmorethanthreeweeks.Itmightseemthatthisinterminablylongrecoverytimeinalargevertebratewouldproveagravedisadvantageforsurvival.Fortunately,muscleglycogenisusedonlywhenneededandeventhenonlyinwhateverquantityisnecessary.Onlyintimesofpanicorduringmortalcombatwouldtheentirereservesbeconsumed.

Theprimarypurposeofthepassageisto（

）.

Accordingtotheauthor,amajorlimitationofanaerobicglycolysisisthatitcan（

）.

Thepassagesuggeststhatthetotalanaerobicenergyreservesofavertebrateareproportionaltothevertebrate’ssizebecause（

）.

Theauthorismostprobablyaddressingwhichofthefollowingaudiences?

Whichofthefollowingbeststatesthecentralideaofthepassage?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.refuteamisconceptionaboutanaerobicglycolysis

B.explainanaerobicglycolysisanditseffectsonanimalsurvival

C.describethelimitationsofanaerobicglycolysis

D.analyzethechemistryofanaerobicglycolysisanditssimilaritytooxidativemetabolism

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.produceinlargeanimalsmorelacticacidthanthelivercansafelyreconvert

B.necessitateadangerouslylongrecoveryperiodinlargeanimals

C.produceenergymoreslowlythanitcanbeusedbylargeanimals

D.consumealloftheavailableglycogenregardlessofneed

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.largervertebratesconservemoreenergythansmallervertebrates

B.largervertebratesuselessoxygenperunitweightthansmallervertebrates

C.theabilityofavertebratetoconsumefoodisafunctionofitssize

D.theamountofmuscletissueinavertebrateisdirectlyrelatedtoitssize

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Collegestudentsinanintroductorycourseonanimalphysiology

B.Historiansofscienceinvestigatingthediscoveryofanaerobicglycolysis

C.Graduatestudentswithspecializedtrainingincomparativeanatomy

D.ZoologistsinterestedinPrehistoricanimals

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Thedisadvantageofalowoxidativemetabolicrateinlargeanimalscanbeoffsetbytheirabilitytoconvertsubstantialamountsofglycogenintoenergy.

B.Themostsignificantproblemfacinganimalsthathaveusedanaerobicglycolysisforenergyistheresynthesisofitsbyproduct,glucose,intoglycogen.

C.Thebenefitstoanimalsofanaerobicglycolysisareoffsetbytheprofoundcoststhatmustbepaid.

D.Themajorfactorensuringthatalargeanimalwilltriumphoverasmalleranimalisthelargeanimal’sabilitytoproduceenergyviaanaerobicglycolysis

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:A

【解析】文章第一段提到動(dòng)作的氧化代謝率對(duì)它們生存方式造成的影響（inanyanimalhasaprofoundeffectonitslivingpatterns）；第二段解釋無(wú)氧糖酵解（Anaerobicglycolysisisaprocessinwhichenergyisproduced,withoutoxygen,throughthebreakdownofmuscleglycogenintolacticacidandadenosinetriphosphate(ATP),theenergyprovider）；第三段提到了無(wú)氧糖酵解的不足以及對(duì)動(dòng)物的生存產(chǎn)生的影響。綜上所述，選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

文章第三段第一句提到了補(bǔ)償?shù)木窒扌裕╰herearelimitations,however,tothiscompensation），指出動(dòng)物由于無(wú)氧糖酵解所導(dǎo)致的大量能量消耗必須得到補(bǔ)償，然后又通過(guò)小松鼠為例來(lái)說(shuō)明小型動(dòng)物補(bǔ)償?shù)臅r(shí)間短，而大型動(dòng)物則需要很長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間才能完成補(bǔ)償，這就是補(bǔ)償?shù)木窒扌浴＿x項(xiàng)B符合題意。

文章第二段第二句話Theamountofenergythatcanbeproducedanaerobicallyisafunctionoftheamountofglycogenpresent——inallvertebratesabout0.5percentoftheirmuscles’netweight.Thustheanaerobicenergyreservesofavertebrateareproportionaltothesizeoftheanimal提到了無(wú)氧糖酵解與動(dòng)物體型的關(guān)系。隨后舉了恐龍的例子來(lái)解釋說(shuō)明肌肉越多，糖原質(zhì)的含量就越多，體型大，肌肉多，選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

文章主要介紹無(wú)氧糖酵解對(duì)動(dòng)物的生存產(chǎn)生的影響，沒(méi)有使用一些非常晦澀難懂的專業(yè)知識(shí)，因此作者最可能針對(duì)的是剛剛接觸相關(guān)學(xué)科的人群。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

文章主要提及了氧化代謝率較低的大型動(dòng)物的不利原因。作者通過(guò)舉了恐龍這種大型動(dòng)物來(lái)說(shuō)明自己的觀點(diǎn)，比如一只100噸重的恐龍可以通過(guò)無(wú)氧糖酵解產(chǎn)生3000個(gè)人進(jìn)行氧化新陳代謝（viaanaerobicglycolysis,theenergyof3,000humansatmaximumoxidativemetabolicenergyproduction.）產(chǎn)生的最大的能量，從而保證大型動(dòng)物能在激烈的叢林中生存。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

8.單選題

ForperplexedpolicymakersinWashington,theymeantscramblingfromonepolicytoanotherinanefforttorespondtoahighlyconfusingeconomicsituation.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.disturbed

B.puzzled

C.irritated

D.enchanted

【答案】B

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.disturbed有精神病的，心理不正常的B.puzzled困惑的，迷惑不解的

C.irritated煩惱的，惱怒的D.enchanted中魔法的，著了魔的

【答案】B

【考查點(diǎn)】形容詞辨析。

【解題思路】perplexed的意思為“困惑的，迷惑不解的”，修飾policymakers，指的是這些制定政策的人很困惑，自己也沒(méi)搞清楚狀況，puzzled與之詞義相近，因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、C、D選項(xiàng)詞義與之不符。

【句意】對(duì)于華盛頓困惑的決策者來(lái)說(shuō)，這意味著匆忙地從一項(xiàng)政策轉(zhuǎn)向另一項(xiàng)政策，以應(yīng)對(duì)高度混亂的經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢(shì)。

9.單選題

Salariesfor（

）positionsseemtobehigherthanforpermanentones.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.legal

B.optional

C.voluntary

D.temporary

【答案】D

【解析】句意:做臨時(shí)性的工作拿到的工資好像比固定工作要高。

形容詞辨析。Legal法律的，合法的;optional可選擇的，隨意的;voluntary自愿的;temporary臨時(shí)的。根據(jù)句子已知信息permanentones(固定工作)推測(cè)D符合句意。

10.單選題

Doyouhaveany（）aboutwhatlivingbeingsonotherplanetswouldbelike?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.ideal

B.comprehension

C.notion

D.intelligence

【答案】C

【解析】句意:你對(duì)生活在其他星球上的生物的樣子有什么概念嗎？

考查名詞辨析。ideal理想，典范;comprehension理解，領(lǐng)悟能力;notion概念，想法；intelligence智力，情報(bào)，聰穎。因此C符合句意。

11.單選題

Otherguestsatyesterday'sopeningceremony,whichwasbroadcast（

）bytheradiostationincludedtheGovernorandtheMayor.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.alive

B.live

C.lively

D.living

【答案】B

【解析】考查近義詞辨析。alive“活著的，活潑的，有生氣的”；live“直播的，活的”；lively“活潑的，生動(dòng)的”；living“現(xiàn)存的，活躍的，逼真的”。句意：昨天，廣播電臺(tái)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)直播的開(kāi)幕式上，其他來(lái)賓包括州長(zhǎng)和市長(zhǎng)。由broadcast可推知是現(xiàn)場(chǎng)直播。故B項(xiàng)正確。

12.單選題

I’msureyou’llagreethatwhenapersonisasambitiousasLiFei,noonecanstophimtoachievehiscareerobjectives.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.you’llagreethat

B.whenaperson

C.can

D.toachieve

E.沒(méi)有問(wèn)題

【答案】D

【解析】固定短語(yǔ)誤用。toachieve改為fromachieving。stopsb.todosth.讓某人停下來(lái)去做另一件事。stopsb.fromdoing阻止某人做某事。這里表示"阻止他實(shí)現(xiàn)職業(yè)目標(biāo)"。

13.單選題

Noneofstudentsintheclasslikesthemistress,whoisusedtobeing（）ofeverythingtheydo.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.emotional

B.optimistic

C.interested

D.critical

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)emotional“情感的”；B選項(xiàng)optimistic“樂(lè)觀的”；C選項(xiàng)interested“感興趣的”；D選項(xiàng)critical“批評(píng)的，苛刻的”，句意：班里沒(méi)有一個(gè)學(xué)生喜歡那位女老師，她慣于批評(píng)學(xué)生們所做的一切事。所以選D。

14.單選題

Inourculture,thesourcesofwhatwecallasenseof“mastery”—feelingimportantandworthwhileandthesourcesofwhatwecallasenseof“pleasure”findinglifeenjoyable—arenotalwaystheidentical.Womenoftenaretold“Youcan’thaveitall.”Sometimeswhatthespeakerreallyissayingis:“Youchoseacareer,soyoucan’texpecttohavecloserrelationshipsorahappyfamilylife.”or“Youhaveawonderfulhusbandandchildren—What’sallthisaboutwantingacareer?”Butwomenneedtounderstandanddevelopbothaspectsofwell-being,iftheyaretofeelgoodaboutthemselves.

Ourstudyshowsthat,forwomen,well-beinghastwodimensions.Oneismastery,whichincludesself-esteem,asenseofcontroloveryourlife,andlowlevelsofanxietyanddepression.Masteryiscloselyrelatedtothe“doing”sideoflife,toworkandactivity.Pleasureistheotherdimensions,anditiscomposedofhappiness,satisfactionandoptimism.Itistiedmorecloselytothe“feeling”sideoflife.Thetwoareindependentofeachother.Awomanwhohasagoodjob,butwhosemotherhasjustdied,mightbefeelingverygoodaboutherselfandincontrolofherworklife,butthepleasuresidecouldbedamagedforatime.

Theconceptsofmasteryandpleasurecanhelpusidentifythesourcesofwell-beingforwomen,andremedypastmistakes.Inthepast,womenwereencouragedtolookonlyatthefeelingsideoflifeasthesourceofallwell-being.Butweknowthatbothmasteryandpleasurearecritical.Andmasteryseemstobeachievedlargelythroughwork.Inourstudy,allthegroupsofemployedwomenratedsignificantlyhigherinmasterythandidwomenwhowerenotemployed.

Awoman’swell-beingisenhancedwhenshetakesonmultipleroles.Atleastbymiddleadulthood,thewomenwhowereinvolvedinacombinationofroles—marriages,motherhood,andemployment—werethehighestinwell-being,despitewarningsaboutstressandstrain.

1.Itcanbeinferredfromthefirstparagraphthat____.

2.Theauthor’sattitudetowardswomenhavingacareeris____.

3.Onecanconcludefromthepassagethatifawomantakesonseveralsocialroles,____.

4.Whichofthefollowingcanbeidentifiedasasourceof“pleasure”forwomen?

5.Themostappropriatetitleforthepassagewouldbe____.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.forwomen,asenseof“mastery”ismoreimportantthanasenseof“pleasure”

B.forwomen,asenseof“pleasure”ismoreimportantthanasenseof“mastery”

C.womencan’thaveasenseof“mastery”andasenseof“pleasure”atthesametime

D.asenseof“mastery”andasenseof“pleasure”arebothindispensabletowomen

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.critical

B.positive

C.neutral

D.realistic

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.itwillbeeasierforhertoovercomestressandstrain

B.shewillbemoresuccessfulinhercareer

C.herchancesofgettingpromotedwillbegreater

D.herlifewillbericherandmoremeaningful

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Familylife.

B.Regularemployment.

C.Multiplerolesinsociety.

D.Freedomfromanxiety.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Thewell-beingofCareerWomen

B.SourcesofMasteryandPleasure

C.TwoAspectsofWomen’sWell-being

D.MultipleRolesofWomeninSociety

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】1.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Itcanbeinferredfromthefirstparagraphthat____.從第一段可以推斷出____。

A.forwomen,asenseof“mastery”ismoreimportantthanasenseof“pleasure”A.對(duì)女人來(lái)說(shuō)，“掌控感”比“愉悅感”更重要

B.forwomen,asenseof“pleasure”ismoreimportantthanasenseof“mastery”B.對(duì)女人來(lái)說(shuō)，“愉悅感”比“掌控感”更重要

C.womencan’thaveasenseof“mastery”andasenseof“pleasure”atthesametimeC.女人不可能同時(shí)擁有“掌控感”和“愉悅感”

D.asenseof“mastery”andasenseof“pleasure”arebothindispensabletowomenD.“掌控感”和“愉悅感”對(duì)女人來(lái)說(shuō)都是不可或缺的

【答案】D

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)出處提示詞Paragraph1與題干信息可定位到第一段最后“但是，如果女性想要自我感覺(jué)良好，她們需要了解和發(fā)展幸福的兩個(gè)方面（womenneedtounderstandanddevelopbothaspectsofwell-being）。”這兩個(gè)方面指的就是掌控感和愉悅感，由此可推斷這兩者對(duì)女性都是不可或缺的。因此選D。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“對(duì)女人來(lái)說(shuō)，‘掌控感’比‘愉悅感’更重要”，原文意思是兩者都很重要，并沒(méi)有比較誰(shuí)比誰(shuí)更重要，該選項(xiàng)屬于過(guò)度推斷；

B選項(xiàng)“對(duì)女人來(lái)說(shuō)，‘愉悅感’比‘掌控感’更重要”，原文意思是兩者都很重要，并沒(méi)有比較誰(shuí)比誰(shuí)更重要，該選項(xiàng)屬于過(guò)度推斷；

C選項(xiàng)“女人不可能同時(shí)擁有‘掌控感’和‘愉悅感’”，第一段提到“但是，如果女性想要自我感覺(jué)良好，她們需要了解和發(fā)展幸福的兩個(gè)方面。”說(shuō)明女性是可以擁有二者的，該選項(xiàng)與原文意思相反，屬于反向干擾。

2.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Theauthor’sattitudetowardswomenhavingacareeris____.作者對(duì)女性職業(yè)的態(tài)度是____。

A.criticalA.批判的

B.positiveB.積極的

C.neutralC.中立的

D.realisticD.現(xiàn)實(shí)的

【答案】B

【考查點(diǎn)】觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干信息可定位到倒數(shù)第二段“但我們知道，掌控和愉悅都是至關(guān)重要的。掌控似乎很大程度上是通過(guò)工作獲得的。在我們的研究中，所有被雇傭的女性比沒(méi)有被雇傭的女性在掌控能力上的得分要高得多。”以及最后一段第一句“當(dāng)一個(gè)女人承擔(dān)多個(gè)角色時(shí)，她的幸福感會(huì)得到提升?！庇纱丝赏茢嘧髡邔?duì)女性有一份工作的態(tài)度是積極的。因此選B。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“批判的”，與作者態(tài)度相反，該選項(xiàng)屬于反向干擾；

C、D選項(xiàng)曲解原文，屬于過(guò)度推斷。

3.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Onecanconcludefromthepassagethatifawomantakesonseveralsocialroles,____.我們可以從文章中得出結(jié)論，如果一個(gè)女人承擔(dān)了幾個(gè)社會(huì)角色，____。

A.itwillbeeasierforhertoovercomestressandstrainA.她會(huì)更容易克服壓力和緊張

B.shewillbemoresuccessfulinhercareerB.她會(huì)在事業(yè)上更成功

C.herchancesofgettingpromotedwillbegreaterC.她升職的機(jī)會(huì)更大

D.herlifewillbericherandmoremeaningfulD.她的生活會(huì)更豐富，更有意義

【答案】D

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干信息可定位到最后一段“當(dāng)一個(gè)女人承擔(dān)多個(gè)角色時(shí)，她的幸福感會(huì)得到提升（Awoman’swell-beingisenhancedwhenshetakesonmultipleroles）。盡管有壓力和緊張的警告，但至少在中年，那些身兼多種角色——婚姻、母親和工作——的女性幸福感最高?！币簿褪钦f(shuō)當(dāng)一個(gè)女人承擔(dān)多個(gè)角色時(shí)，她的幸福感會(huì)很高。由此可推斷她的生活更加有意義。因此選D。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“她會(huì)更容易克服壓力和緊張”，文章最后一段提到“盡管有壓力和緊張的警告，但至少在中年，那些身兼多種角色——婚姻、母親和工作——的女性幸福感最高?！敝皇钦f(shuō)承擔(dān)多種角色時(shí)，女性有壓力警告，并沒(méi)有說(shuō)會(huì)更容易克服壓力，該選項(xiàng)屬于過(guò)度推斷；

B選項(xiàng)“她會(huì)在事業(yè)上更成功”，文章沒(méi)有提及，該選項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有；

C選項(xiàng)“她升職的機(jī)會(huì)更大”，文章沒(méi)有提及，該選項(xiàng)屬于過(guò)度推斷。

4.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Whichofthefollowingcanbeidentifiedasasourceof“pleasure”forwomen?以下哪一項(xiàng)可以被認(rèn)為是女性“快樂(lè)”的來(lái)源？

A.Familylife.A.家庭生活。

B.Regularemployment.B.固定雇用。

C.Multiplerolesinsociety.C.社會(huì)中的多種角色。

D.Freedomfromanxiety.D.免于焦慮。

【答案】A

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干信息可定位到第二段第四句“快樂(lè)是另一個(gè)維度，它由幸福、滿足和樂(lè)觀組成。它更緊密地與生活的‘感覺(jué)’方面聯(lián)系在一起（Itistiedmorecloselytothe‘feeling’sideoflife）?！庇纱丝赏茢啵鞓?lè)與生活相聯(lián)系，因此選A。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B選項(xiàng)“固定雇用?！保恼碌诙翁峒啊罢瓶嘏c生活、工作和活動(dòng)中‘做’的一面密切相關(guān)?！?，由此可知工作與掌控有關(guān)，而不是與快樂(lè)有關(guān)，該選項(xiàng)屬于張冠李戴；

C選項(xiàng)“社會(huì)中的多種角色?！?，文中只是說(shuō)多種角色會(huì)讓幸福感提升，而不是幸福的來(lái)源，該選項(xiàng)屬于過(guò)度推斷；

D選項(xiàng)“免于焦慮?！保闹袥](méi)有提及，該選項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有。

5.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Themostappropriatetitleforthepassagewouldbe____.這篇文章最合適的標(biāo)題是____。

A.Thewell-beingofCareerWomenA.職業(yè)女性的幸福

B.SourcesofMasteryandPleasureB.掌控和快樂(lè)的源泉

C.TwoAspectsofWomen’sWell-beingC.婦女福祉的兩個(gè)方面

D.MultipleRolesofWomeninSociety

D.婦女在社會(huì)中的多重角色

【答案】C

【考查點(diǎn)】主旨大意題。

【解題思路】文章第一段講了掌控感和幸福感是女性需要了解和發(fā)展幸福的兩個(gè)方面；文章第二段分別解釋了掌控感和幸福感分別與工作和生活聯(lián)系；文章第三段講了掌控和愉悅都是至關(guān)重要的；文章最后一段講身兼多個(gè)角色的女性幸福感會(huì)很高。綜合全文，文章主要講了女性幸福感的兩個(gè)方面。因此選C。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“職業(yè)女性的幸福”，文章并沒(méi)有特指職業(yè)女性的幸福，該選項(xiàng)屬于以偏概全；

B選項(xiàng)“掌控和快樂(lè)的源泉”，文章第二段提到了掌控和快樂(lè)的源泉，但是是對(duì)文章的片面概況，屬于以偏概全；

D選項(xiàng)“婦女在社會(huì)中的多重角色”，文章沒(méi)有提及，該選項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有。

15.單選題

Asitturnedouttobeasmallhouseparty,we（）soformally.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.needn’tdressup

B.didnotneeddressup

C.didnotneedhavedressedup

D.needn’thavedressedup

【答案】D

【解析】句意：原來(lái)是一個(gè)小型的家庭聚會(huì)，我們本沒(méi)有必要穿得那么正式。Need的否定形式為needn’t，所以首先排除選項(xiàng)B和C。needn’thavedone表示不需要做某事卻做了。所以選項(xiàng)D正確。

16.單選題

Forthemostpart,blacksportsmenacceptthattheyhaveadvantages，inanunspecifiedway,overtheirwhite（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.supervisors

B.subordinate

C.counterparts

D.correspondents

【答案】C

【解析】考察名詞辨析。supervisors監(jiān)督人，檢查人；subordinates下屬；counterparts相似的人或物，對(duì)方；correspondents通信員。句意：大多數(shù)情況下，黑人運(yùn)動(dòng)員承認(rèn)他們以某種不明確的方式優(yōu)越于白人運(yùn)動(dòng)員。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

17.單選題

ChristianscalmJesuswasareal（

）character,butsometodayhavetheirdoubts.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.historical

B.historic

C.history

D.historian

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。historical意為“歷史的，歷史上的”，指的是和歷史有關(guān)的或是歷史上出現(xiàn)過(guò)的人或事；historic意為“有歷史影響的”，指重要的歷史事件；history意為“歷史，歷史學(xué)”；historian意為“歷史學(xué)家”。

句意：基督徒聲稱耶穌是歷史上一個(gè)真實(shí)的人物，但今天有些人對(duì)此表示懷疑。

18.單選題

Agood

teachermustknowhowto（）hisstudentsto

workhardatthesubjectheteaches.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Mortify

B.Motivate

C.Multiply

D.muster

【答案】B

【解析】mortify指使...受辱；motivate指激發(fā)積極性；multiply指相乘；muster指召集。句意：一位好的老師必須知道如何激勵(lì)自己的學(xué)生,讓他們努力學(xué)習(xí)自己教授的課程。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

19.單選題

JapanremainstiedtotheWesterncamppartlybecausetherelationshiphasbecome（

）tohereconomyandpoliticsoverfortyyears’association.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.integral

B.unilateral

C.rational

D.hierarchical

【答案】A

【解析】形容詞辨析。句意:日本依然和西方保持著關(guān)系，因?yàn)檫@層關(guān)系是他40年社交出來(lái)經(jīng)濟(jì)和政治的不可分割的一部分。

integral構(gòu)成整體所必需的，完整的。unilateral單邊的；［植］單側(cè)的；單方面的。rational合理的；理性的。hierarchical分層的；等級(jí)體系的。

20.單選題

9.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Itfeelsasiftheroomisgoingaround.

B.Itfeelslikeakindofunsteadiness.

C.Itfeelsasifsheisfallingdown.

D.Itfeelsasifsheisgoingaround.

【答案】D

【解析】M:Doesthedizzinessfeellikespinningorisitjustakindofunsteadiness?

W:Itfeelslikespinning.

M:Howwouldyoudescribeit?Isitasiftheroomisgoingaroundordoyoufeelasifitisyouthatisgoingaround?

W:Ifeelthelatter.

Q:Howdoesthewomandescribeherdizziness?

【解析】對(duì)話中女士說(shuō)感覺(jué)是自己在轉(zhuǎn)。

21.單選題

InPlato’sRepublicwefindadiscussionaboutmoralityandselfishness.Plato’sbrotherGlauconistryingtomakeSocratesgivesomegoodreasonsforwhyitisbettertobejustthantobeunjust.Glauconinsiststhatallpeoplebynaturelookafterthemselves,andwheneverwecangetawaywithsomething,wewilldoit,regardlessofhowunjustitmaybetoothers.Unfortunately,wemayreceivethesametreatmentfromothers,whichishighlyunpleasant,soforthesakeofpeaceandsecurityweagreetotreateachotherdecently—notbecausewewantto,butbecauseweareplayingitsafe.Moralityisjustaresultofourlookingoutforourselves.Ifwecangetawaywithsomething,itisournaturetomakethemostofit.

WhatGlauconissuggestinghereabouttheoriginofsocietyisafirstinWesternthought.Histheoryisanexampleofwhathasbecomeknownassocialcontracttheory,andthistypeoftheorybecameparticularlyinfluentialmuchlater,intheeighteenthcentury.Asocialcontracttheoryassumesthathumansusedtoliveinapre-socialsetting(withoutrules,regulations,orcooperation)andthen,forvariousreasons,gottogetherandagreedonsettingupasociety.Generally,socialcontracttheoriesassumethathumansdecidetobuildasocietywithrulesforthesakeofthecommongoodorforthesakeofself-protection.Thetheoryistodayknownaspsychologicalegoism.

ToGlaucon,decentpersonswilldo“unjust”thingsjustasquicklyasscoundrelsiftheyknowtheycangetawaywithitsincetheirhumannaturesareidentical.HereGlauconisactingasthedevil’sadvocateinordertomakeSocratesdefendjusticeassomethingthatisgoodinitself.Surelyweallcanremembereventsinourlivesthatshowthatwedon’talwaysactoutofself-interest.WemayrememberthatMotherTeresaandotherunselfishsoulshavespenttheirliveshelpingothers.Thepsychologicalegoistwouldcontendthattheymaynothavebeenawareoftheirtruemotives,butselfishitwas,somehow.Thesepeople,probably,wantedtogettoHeaven,toatoneforpastwrongdoing,ormaybetheyjustwantedtofeelwarminside.

Thistheory,cynicalasitmaysound,hasestablisheditselffirmlyinthemindsofmanymodernpeople.Somehow,thistheoryremovesthehalofromabovetheheadofeveryheroandeveryunselfishpersoninthehistoryofhumankind.Onereason,then,forthistheory’spopularityisitspresumedhonesty.Closelyrelatedtothenotionofhonestyisourmodernfascinationwithcynicism.Oftentimes,peoplearetrulyselfishanddevious,andthingsarenotwhattheyseem.However,thereisadifferencebetweenthiskindofprudentskepticismandauniversalcynicismthatbordersonparanoia.Suchradicalcynicismdoesn’tallowforthepossibilityoftheexistenceofgoodnessandkindness,andthisisoneoftheerrorspsychologicalegoistsareproneto.Psychologicalegoistsneversaythatwecan’thelpbeingselfishtothebone—theyjustsaythatthereissomehiddenselfishmotiveforwhateverwedothatwemaynotbeevenawareof.

1.WhatisthemainreasonformentreatingeachotherdecentlyaccordingtoGlaucon?

2.Whichofthefollowingistrueofthesocialcontracttheory?

3.HowwouldpsychologicalegoistsinterprettheexampleofMotherTeresa?

4.Whaterrorsarepsychologicalegoistslikelytomake?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Itisnotrightforonetobeunjusttootherpeople.

B.Itisbeneficialforpeopletoretainpeaceandsecurity.

C.Moralityandselflessnessarewhatweshouldpursue.

D.Wearepronetomakethemostofsomething.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Itiscontrarytopsychologicalegoists’beliefs.

B.Itrecordshumanlifeinaworldwithoutoperationandrules.

C.Itpresumesthatasocietywithrulesistoguaranteethebenefitsofall.

D.Itassumesthatpeoplearebynatureunselfish.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Shehelpsothersforthesakeofherself

B.Justiceisgoodinitselftothedevil’sadvocate.

C.Descentpersonswilldounjustthingsaswell.

D.Sheisatypicalpersonwithfeelingsofparanoia.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Theydonotjustifytheirtheoryfully.

B.Theyhavechangedpeople’sview.

C.Theyneverwarnpeopleoftheirunawareselfishness.

D.Theygototheextremeofdisbelievingpeople

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:D

【解析】第1題:1.根據(jù)第一段倒數(shù)第三句“forthesakeofpeaceandsecurity...weareplayingitsafe.”為了和平與安全,我們同意善待彼此——不是因?yàn)槲覀兿脒@樣做,而是因?yàn)槲覀冎?jǐn)慎行事。也就是說(shuō)人與人之間保持和平與安全是有益的。選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

2.根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“socialcontracttheory”定位到原文第二段,根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二句“Generally,socialcontracttheories...forthesakeofself-protection.”一般來(lái)說(shuō),社會(huì)契約理論認(rèn)為,人類決定建立一個(gè)有規(guī)則的社會(huì)是為了公共利益或自我保護(hù)。選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

3.根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“MotherTeresa”定位到第三段最后三句,心理利己主義者認(rèn)為他們可能沒(méi)有意識(shí)到自己的真實(shí)動(dòng)機(jī),但從某種程度上來(lái)說(shuō),他們是自私的。這些人可能是想上天堂,為過(guò)去的錯(cuò)誤行為贖罪,或者他們只是想感受內(nèi)心的溫暖。選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

4.根據(jù)最后一段倒數(shù)第二句“Suchradicalcynicism...psychologicalegoistsareproneto.”這種極端的犬儒主義不允許善良和善良存在的可能性,這是心理利己主義者容易犯的錯(cuò)誤之一。也就是說(shuō)他們很極端,容易懷疑他人,所以選項(xiàng)D正確。

第2題:

第3題:

第4題:

22.單選題

Havinghadherasaprofessorandanadviser,Icantellyouthatsheisan_____forcewhopushesherstudentstoexcelfarbeyondtheirownexpectations.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.inspirational

B.educational

C.excessive

D.instantaneous

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)inspirational“啟發(fā)靈感的，鼓舞人心的”；B選項(xiàng)educational“教育的，有教育意義的”；C選項(xiàng)excessive“過(guò)度的，極度的”；D選項(xiàng)instantaneous“立即的，立刻的”。根據(jù)pushesherstudentstoexcelfarbeyondtheirownexpectations可知A選項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)義。句意：有她作為教授和顧問(wèn)，我可以告訴你，她有一種鼓舞人心的力量，推動(dòng)她的學(xué)生超越自己的期望。

23.單選題

（）,explorerscouldneverhavefoundthecave.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Butforthefissurehadbeenspotted

B.Ifnotthefissurehadbeenspotted

C.Hadthefissurenotbeenspotted

D.Hadnotthefissurebeenspotted

【答案】D

【解析】本句為省略了引導(dǎo)詞if的條件句,所以需要倒裝。在這種情況下,如果從句是否定形式且從句主語(yǔ)是名詞,那么否定詞not放在名詞前面；而如果從句主語(yǔ)是代詞,則把not放在代詞后面,如“had?it?not?been?...”。所以選項(xiàng)D正確。

24.單選題

Themandenied______anythingatthesupermarketwhenhewasquestionedbythepolice.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.tohavestolen

B.tosteal

C.havingstolen

D.havingbeenstealing

【答案】C

【解析】【試題解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：警察盤(pán)問(wèn)那人時(shí)，他否認(rèn)偷了超市里的任何東西。根據(jù)動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)denydoingsth.確定非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用現(xiàn)在分詞ing形式，根據(jù)steal的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在deny之前，確定用完成時(shí)，C選項(xiàng)havingstolen符合題意。沒(méi)有denytodosth.的用法，A選項(xiàng)tohavestolen和B選項(xiàng)tosteal錯(cuò)誤。D選項(xiàng)havingbeenstealing沒(méi)有這個(gè)用法，語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

25.單選題

Thequestionofwhetherwarisinevitableisonewhichhasconcernedmanyoftheworld’sgreatwriters.Beforeconsideringthisquestion,itwillbeusefultointroducesomerelatedconcepts.Conflict,definedasoppositionamongsocialentitiesdirectedagainstoneanother,isdistinguishedfromcompetition,definedasoppositionamongsocialentitiesdependentlystrivingforsomethingwhichisinadequatesupply.Competitorsmayawareofoneanother,whichhasbeendefinedasaprocessbywhichsocialentitiesfunctioninthedisserviceofoneanother.Oppositionisthuscontrastedwithcooperation,theprocessbywhichsocialentitiesfunctionintheserviceofoneanother.Thesedefinitionsarenecessarybecauseitisimportanttoemphasizethatcompetitionbetweenindividualsorgroupsisinevitableinaworldoflimitedresources,butconflictisnotconflict,nevertheless,isverylikelytooccur,andisprobablyanessentialanddesirableelementofhumansocieties.

Manyauthorshavearguedfortheinevitabilityofwarformthepremisethatinthestruggleforexistenceamonganimalspecies,onlythefittestsurvive.Ingeneral,howeverthisstruggleinnatureiscompetition,notconflict.Socialanimals,suchasmonkeysandcattle,fighttowinormaintainleadershipofthegroup.Thestruggleforexistenceoccursnotinsuchfights,butinthecompetitionforlimitedfeedingareasandfortheoccupancyofareasfreefrommeat-eatinganimal.Thosewhofailinthiscompetitionstarvetodeathorbecomevictimstootherspecies.Thisstruggleforexistencedoesnotresemblehumanwar,butratherthecompetitionofindividualsforjobs,markets,andmaterials.Theessenceofthestruggleisthecompetitionforthenecessitiesoflifethatareinsufficienttosatisfyall.

Amongnationsthereiscompetitionindevelopingresources,trades,skills,andasatisfactorywayoflife.Thesuccessfulnationsgrowandprosper;theunsuccessfuldecline.Whileitistruethatthiscompetitionmayinduceeffortstoexpandterritoryattheexpenseofothers,andthusleadtoconflict,itcannotbesaidthatwar-1ikeconflictamongnationsisinevitable,althoughcompetitionis

1.Inthefirstparagraph