考研考博-英語-廊坊衛(wèi)生職業(yè)學院考試押題卷含答案詳解

書山有路勤為徑，學海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-廊坊衛(wèi)生職業(yè)學院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共100題)1.單選題

JuliaGillard,Australia’sprimeminister,wasforcedtodropacontroversialproposaltofunneltheprocessingofpeopleseekingasyluminhercountrythroughMalaysia.

問題1選項

A.channel

B.siphon

C.clag

D.scintillate

【答案】A

【解析】考查近義動詞辨析。A選項channel“引導，開導；提供資金；輸送；開辟水道，形成凹槽”；B選項siphon“用虹吸管吸出；抽取”；C選項clag“阻礙；妨礙；凝結”；D選項scintillate“發(fā)出火花；閃爍”。句意：澳大利亞總理朱莉婭?吉拉德（JuliaGillard）被迫放棄一項有爭議的提案，該提案要求通過馬來西亞來處理在澳大利亞尋求庇護的人。funnel“流經狹窄空間；通過漏斗將……導入；匯集，傳送”，A選項與該詞詞意最相近，因此A選項正確。

2.單選題

（）everyfieldofourmodernlife,thereisnothingitcannotdotopushourcivilizationtoahigherstage.

問題1選項

A.Computerenters

B.Withcomputerentering

C.Withcomputerenters

D.Computerentered

【答案】B

【解析】考查伴隨狀語。句意：隨著計算機進入我們現代生活的各個領域，沒有什么不能把我們的文明推向更高的階段。with作伴隨狀語，說明造成某一局面的原因，with+名詞+現在分詞這種結構表示動作的主動和進行態(tài)，因此B選項正確。

3.單選題

Heseemedtoooldforher,（

）likeafather（

）ahusband.

問題1選項

A.more...than

B.notso...as

C.most...than

D.rather...than

【答案】A

【解析】句意:對她來說，他似乎有點太老了，相比丈夫，他更像她的父親。

考查固定搭配。由前半句句意“他似乎有點太老了”推測后面句意為:相比丈夫，他更像她的父親。more...than...相比…，更是…。故選A。

4.單選題

Otherguestsatyesterday'sopeningceremony,whichwasbroadcast（

）bytheradiostationincludedtheGovernorandtheMayor.

問題1選項

A.alive

B.live

C.lively

D.living

【答案】B

【解析】考查近義詞辨析。alive“活著的，活潑的，有生氣的”；live“直播的，活的”；lively“活潑的，生動的”；living“現存的，活躍的，逼真的”。句意：昨天，廣播電臺現場直播的開幕式上，其他來賓包括州長和市長。由broadcast可推知是現場直播。故B項正確。

5.單選題

Inthisfactory,suggestionsoftenhavetowaitformonthsbeforetheyarefully（）.

問題1選項

A.admitted

B.acknowledged

C.absorbed

D.considered

【答案】D

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。A:admitted“承認”；B:acknowledged“鳴謝；承認”；C:absorbed“吸收”；D:considered“考慮”。句意：在這家工廠里，建議往往要等上幾個月才能完全被采納。根據語境可知D為正確答案。

6.單選題

Thatradiocompanyissobigthatithasalotof______inforeigncountries.

問題1選項

A.introducers

B.instructors

C.conductors

D.agents

【答案】D

【解析】【試題解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項introducers“介紹人；創(chuàng)始者”；B選項instructors“教練；教師”；C選項conductors“（交響樂、合唱的）指揮；列車員”；D選項agents“代理商”。句意：那家廣播公司很大，所以在國外有很多______。根據語境，D選項agents“代理商”和radiocompany搭配比較合理，符合題意。因此D選項正確。

7.單選題

Mencommitmotoringoffencesaswomen,accordingtotheHomeOfficefigures.

問題1選項

A.ninetimesof

B.asninetimes

C.ninetimesthatof

D.ninetimeasmany

【答案】D

【解析】考查語法知識。對比選項可知本題考查倍數。與times相關的倍數表達方式為：AisNtimes(形容詞比較級)thanB。因此D選項符合題意。

8.單選題

Aroundtwominutesafterlaunch,theboostersoneithersideoftheshuttlewillfallaway,followedshortlyafterwardsbythegiantexternalfueltank______tothespaceship.

問題1選項

A.clasped

B.strapped

C.hindered

D.clustered

【答案】B

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.clasped握緊；扣緊B.strapped用帶子系（或捆、扎、扣）好

C.hindered阻礙；妨礙D.clustered群聚；聚集

【考查點】動詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據關鍵詞thegiantexternalfueltank（巨大外部燃料箱）和spaceship（飛船），結合常識可知，燃料箱是緊緊固定在飛船上的，故空格處表示“固定”符合句意，B項詞義符合該意思，故該題選擇B項。

【干擾項排除】A、C、D項不符合句意。

【句意】發(fā)射大約兩分鐘后，航天飛機兩側的助推器將脫落，緊隨其后的是固定在飛船上的巨大外部燃料箱。

9.單選題

Anexaminationofthestagesofhisrise,themethodsheemployedtostrengthenhimself,andtheinstitutionalreformsheeffectedinordertomaintainhispowerhelpsus（）thefactor’sanddynamicsofpowerwithinabureaucraticallydominatedsociety.

問題1選項

A.thinkof

B.accountfor

C.consider

D.weigh

【答案】B

【解析】考查短語搭配。A選項thinkof“想起”；B選項accountfor“解釋，說明”；C選項consider“考慮”；D選項weigh“權衡”。根據前文通過利用某種方法，以及后文官僚統治的社會中權力的因素和動態(tài)，可以推測方法解釋了這種因素，B選項正確。句意：通過對他成名階段的調查，發(fā)現他用來加強自身實力的方法和為了維護其權利的體制改革幫助我們……了官僚主義占主導的社會中的權利因素和權利力量。因此B選項正確。

10.翻譯題

Directions:Therearetwopassagesinthispartwith5sentencesunderlined.YouarerequiredtotranslatethosesentencesfromEnglishintoChinese.ReadthefollowingshortpassagescarefullyandONLYtranslatethe5sentencesthatareunderlined.

(1)ElNinoisanintermittentdisruptionoftheclimatesystemcenteredintheequatorialPacificthathaseffectsonshort-termclimatearoundthePacificbasin.

TounderstandElNino,itisnecessarytounderstandthenormaltrade-windsysteminthetropicalPacific.(2)Thesunheatstheequatorialregionsmorestronglythantherestoftheglobe,soairtendstorisefromthesurfacethere,replacedbyinflowfromthesubtropics.TheCoriolisEffectturnstheseinflowstotherightinthenorthernhemisphereandtotheleftinthesouthern,resultinginthegreattrade-windbeltsthatblowequatorwardandwestwardoverthewidthofthetropicalPacific.(3)Intheocean,thesewindstendtopushthesurfacewatertowardsthewest,sosealevelatIndonesiaisabout50cmhigherthanattheSouthAmericancoast,whichgivesanideaofthepowerandsteadinessofthetradewinds.Assurfacewaterispushedwest,coolersubsurfacewaterisdrawnuptothesurfaceintheeasternequatorialPacific.Thisupwelledwaterisnutrientrich,andsupportsalargepopulationofmarineandbirdlife,aswellasanimportantfisheryoffthecoastofPeruandEcuador.(4)Then,duringitsjourneywest,surfacewaterisheatedbythesuntotemperaturesofabout29℃overahugeareawestofthedateline,knownasthewestPacificwarmpool,wheretheoceanisroughly6℃higherthanwhenthewatercametothesurfaceintheeast.Thisairisalsoveryhumidduetoitslongpassageoverthetropicalocean,andwhenitrisesinthewestheavyprecipitinisproducedoverIndonesiaandSoutheastAsia.

Thewarmpoolisoneofthemajordrivingforcesofworldclimate.Itswarmthstrengthenstherisingmotioninthewestandtherebyreinforcesthewestwardwindsofthetradewindsystem.(5)Therising,moisture-ladenairpumpsheatandwatervaporintotheupperatmosphere,whereitcanbecarriedgreatdistances.Thehugesourceofheathelpssetthepathofthejetstreamsthatcontroltemperate-zoneweather,muchasalargerockinastreamdeterminesthepatternofwaterflow,includingwaverymotionsthatextendwelldownstreamoftherock.Therefore,whenthewarmpoolchangesshapeorposition,theeffectsrippleoutwardtoaffectmuchoftheworld’sweather.

【答案】1.厄爾尼諾現象是一種以赤道太平洋為中心的氣候系統的間歇性中斷，對太平洋盆地周圍的短期氣候產生影響。

2.太陽對赤道地區(qū)的加熱要比地球上其他地區(qū)強烈得多，所以那里的空氣往往會從表面上升，取而代之的是來自亞熱帶的流入。

3.在海洋中，這些風傾向于將表層海水推向西部，因此印度尼西亞的海平面比南美洲海岸高出約50厘米，這讓我們了解了信風的力量和穩(wěn)定性。

4.然后，在它向西航行的過程中，地表水在一個巨大的國際日期變更線以西的區(qū)域被太陽加熱到約29攝氏度，這片區(qū)域被稱為西太平洋暖池，那里的海洋溫度比海水到達東方表面時大約高出6攝氏度。

5.上升的充滿水分的空氣將熱量和水蒸氣抽到高層大氣中，在那里它們可以被帶去很遠的地方。

11.單選題

Hawaii’snativeminorityisdemandingagreaterdegreeofsovereigntyoveritsownaffairs.Butmuchofthearchipelago’spoliticalestablishment,whichincludestheWhiteAmericanswhodominateduntiltheSecondWorldWarandpeopleofJapanese,ChineseandFilipinoorigin,isopposedtotheidea.

ThisislandswereannexedbytheUSin1898andsincethenHawaii’snativepeoplehavefaredworsethananyofitsotherethnicgroups.Theymakeupover60percentofthestate’shomeless,sufferhigherlevelsofunemploymentandtheirlifespanisfiveyearslessthantheaverageHawaiians.TheyaretheonlymajorUSnativegroupwithoutsomedegreeofautonomy.

ButasovereigntyadvisorycommitteesetupbyHawaii’sfirstnativegovernor,JohnWaihee,hasgiventhenatives’causeamajorboostbyrecommendingthattheHawaiiannativesdecidebythemselveswhethertore-establishasovereignHawaiiannation.

However,theHawaiiannativesarenotunitedintheirdemands.Somejustwantgreaterautonomywithinthestate-asenjoyedbymanyAmericanIndiannativesovermatterssuchaseducation.ThisisapositionsupportedbytheOfficeofHawaiianAffairs(OHA),astateagencysetupin1978torepresentthenatives’interestsandwhichhasnowbecomethemoderatefaceofthenativesovereigntymovement.MoreambitiousistheKaLahuigroup,whichdeclareditselfanewnationin1987andwantsfull,officialindependencefromtheUS.

ButifHawaiiannativesaregivengreaterautonomy,itisfarfromclearhowmanypeoplethiswillapplyto.Thestateauthoritiesonlycountasnativethosepeoplewithmorethan50percentHawaiianblood.

Nativedemandsarenotjustbasedonpoliticalgrievances,though.Theyalsowanttheirclaimon660,000hectaresofHawaiiancrownlandtobeaccepted.Itisonthisissuethatnativegroupsarefacingmostoppositionfromthestateauthorities.In1993,thestategovernmentpaidtheOHAUS$136millioninbackrentonthecrownlandandmanyofficialssaythatbyacceptingthispaymenttheagencyhasgivenupitsclaimstolegallyowntheland.TheOHAhasvigorouslydisputedthis.

1.Hawaii’snativeminorityrefersto（

）.

2.WhichofthefollowingstatementsistrueoftheHawaiiannatives?

3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueofJohnWaihee?

4.Whichofthefollowinggroupsholdsalessradicalattitudeonthematterofsovereignty?

5.VariousnativeHawaiiansdemandallthefollowingEXCEPT（

）.

問題1選項

A.Hawaii’sethnicgroups

B.PeopleofFilipinoorigin

C.TheKaLahuigroup

D.Peoplewith50%Hawaiianblood

問題2選項

A.Sixtypercentofthemarehomelessorunemployed.

B.Theyaretheonlynativegroupwithoutsovereignty.

C.Theirlifespanis5yearsshorterthanaverageAmericans.

D.TheirlifeisworsethanthatofotherethnicgroupsinHawaii.

問題3選項

A.HeisHawaii’sfirstnativegovernor.

B.Heisleadingthelocalindependencemovement.

C.Hehassetupasovereigntyadvisorycommittee.

D.Hesuggestedthenativepeopledecideforthemselves.

問題4選項

A.TheKaLahuigroup

B.TheHawaiiannatives

C.OfficeofHawaiianAffairs

D.AmericanIndiannatives

問題5選項

A.greaterautonomywithinthestate

B.aclaimontheHawaiiancrownland

C.morebackrentonthecrownland

D.fullindependencefromtheUS

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:C

【解析】1.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】推理判斷題。定位到文章第一段“Hawaii’snativeminorityisdemandingagreaterdegreeofsovereigntyoveritsownaffairs.夏威夷本土少數民族要求更多處理本地事物的自主權。”和第二段“ThisislandswereannexedbytheUSin1898andsincethenHawaii’snativepeoplehavefaredworsethananyofitsotherethnicgroups.1898年美國吞并夏威夷島后，夏威夷島的原住民情況比其他種族的情況變得更糟糕?！惫视纱送茢噙@里的本土少數民族是指夏威夷島原住民，正確答案選A。

2.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】推理判斷題。定位到文章第二段“Theymakeupover60percentofthestate’shomeless,sufferhigherlevelsofunemploymentandtheirlifespanisfiveyearslessthantheaverageHawaiians.TheyaretheonlymajorUSnativegroupwithoutsomedegreeofautonomy.他們占該州無家可歸者的60%以上，失業(yè)率更高，他們的壽命比夏威夷人的平均壽命短5年。他們是唯一沒有一定程度自治權的美國主要土著群體。”選項A、B和C描述均過于絕對，故正確答案選D。

3.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】細節(jié)事實題。定位到文章第三段“ButasovereigntyadvisorycommitteesetupbyHawaii’sfirstnativegovernor,JohnWaihee,hasgiventhenatives’causeamajorboostbyrecommendingthattheHawaiiannativesdecidebythemselveswhethertore-establishasovereignHawaiiannation.但是，夏威夷第一任本土出生的州長約翰懷希，設立主權咨詢委員會，極大地促進了夏威夷原住民的發(fā)展事業(yè)，以此建議夏威夷原住民自己決定是否建立一個主權獨立的夏威夷國家?！庇纱丝芍x項B文章中沒有提到，故正確答案選B。

4.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】推理判斷題。定位到文章第四段“ThisisapositionsupportedbytheOfficeofHawaiianAffairs(OHA),astateagencysetupin1978torepresentthenatives’interestsandwhichhasnowbecomethemoderatefaceofthenativesovereigntymovement.這一工作得到夏威夷事務辦公室的支持，此機構1978年成立是為原住民服務，現在成了本土主權運動的溫和派”，由此可知夏威夷事務辦公室在自主權問題上態(tài)度溫和而不激進。正確答案選C。

5.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】推理判斷題。定位到文章第四段末“MoreambitiousistheKaLahuigroup,whichdeclareditselfanewnationin1987andwantsfull,officialindependencefromtheUS.”1987年夏威夷原住民中的一個比較激進的種族宣布脫離美國管轄，成立獨立王國。故正確答案應該為C。

12.單選題

ItwasFriday,thedayofthefieldtriponwhichMissJoanwouldtakeherclasstopickapples.

MissJoanenjoyedpickingappleswithherstudents.ShesmiledassheledherstudentstothebusthatwouldtakethemtotheGreenlyAppleOrchard（果園）.

Thebusridewasbumpyandthekidswerealittlenoisy,butstillMissJoanwassmiling.

ThebusstoppedinfrontoftheGreenlyAppleOrchardandtheclassgotoffquicklyandquietly.MissJoanmadesureeveryonewasthere.*‘Whataglorious,sunny,applepickingday,”MissJoanannouncedwithhergrandestsmile.

Mr.Greenlywastheretogreetthem.“Let’ssee,thereareeighteenchildrenandtwoadultsatthreedollarseach.Thatwillbesixtydollars,please.”

MissJoanheldupthebrochureinherhand.“Itsaysthatthepriceistwodollarseach,”shepointedout.“That’swhatIcollectedfromeveryone.”

“We’vehadtoraisetheprice,”Mr.Greenlystated.

“Yousentmethisbrochureafterwemadeourreservation,”MissJoancomplained,“anditsaystwodollars’

“MissJoan,ifyoulookatthebottomofthisbrochure,”Mr.Greenlysaid,“you’llnoticeveryimportantstatement.”

Sureenough,inverytinyletters,itsaid,''Pricesaresubjecttochangewithoutnotice.”

MissJoanwasdeterminedtokeephergoodmood.ShetookatwentydollarsbilloutofherownpurseandhandedittoMr.Greenlywiththefortydollarsshehadinanenvelope.

“Nowchildren,doyouallhaveyourbaskets?”MissJoancalledout.''Remember,eachofyoucanpickasmanyapplesaspossible.”

Mr.Greenlysaid,“Youcan’tpickasmanyapplesaspossible.”

“Ibegyourpardon!”MissJoanwasnotsmilingnow.“Thebrochuresays,'ALLYOUCANPICK’!”

Mr.GreenlypointedtothetiniestlettersMissJoanhadeveralmostseen.Italsosays,“Termsandconditionsofgroupreservationsaresubjecttochangewithoutnotice.”

MissJoan’sgoodmoodwasnowhistory.Shedidn’twanttosetabadexampleforherstudents,soshesaidinacalminandquietvoice,“We’regoinghome,givemeourmoneyback,please.”

1.HowmanydollarsdidMissJoanhandtoMr.Greenly?

2.Thephrase"subjecttochangewithoutnotice"suggests（）.

3.Thestudentscouldnotpickasmanyapplesastheywouldlikebecause（）.

4.MissJoan'sgoodmoodwasnowhistory"(thelastparagraph)means（）.

5.WhatcanwelearnaboutMissJoanfromthestory?

問題1選項

A.20

B.40

C.60

D.80

問題2選項

A.Mr.Greenlycouldchangethetermsatwill

B.thecustomersshouldreadthebrochurecarefully

C.Mr.Greenlycoulddeterminewhatapplestobepicked

D.thecustomersshouldbeinformedbeforehand

問題3選項

A.theywerechildren

B.therewerenotenoughapples

C.theyhadmadeagroupreservation

D.theywouldeatuptoomanyapples

問題4選項

A.MissJoanhadbeenhappyuntilthatmoment

B.MissJoanwasnolongerinterestedinhistory

C.MissJoantaughtherstudentsthehistoryoftheorchard

D.MissJoanwasgoodatconcealingherfeelings

問題5選項

A.Shedidnotreadthebrochurecarefully

B.Shemadeareservationafterseeingthebrochure.

C.Shelosthertemperintheend.

D.Shedidn'tknowhowtocomplain.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:A

【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。第十一段指出:MissJoanwasdeterminedtokeephergoodmood.ShetookatwentydollarsbilloutofherownpurseandhandedittoMr.Greenlywiththefortydollarsshehadinanenvelope(瓊小姐決心保持好心情。她從自己的錢包里拿出一張二十美元的鈔票，把信封里的四十美元交給格林先生)。因此她一共給了60美元。

2.判斷推理題。文章指出:Mr.GreenlypointedtothetiniestlettersMissJoanhadeveralmostseen.Italsosays,“Termsandconditionsofgroupreservationsaresubjecttochangewithoutnotice.”MissJoan’sgoodmoodwasnowhistory(格林先生指了指瓊小姐幾乎見過的最小的字:預訂的條款和條件如有更改，恕不另行通知”。瓊小姐的好心情已成歷史)。由此可知，"subjecttochangewithoutnotice"指“如有更改，恕不另行通知”。因此A項“格林先生可以隨意更改條款”正確。

3.細節(jié)事實題。文章指出:文章指出:Mr.GreenlypointedtothetiniestlettersMissJoanhadeveralmostseen.Italsosays,“Termsandconditionsofgroupreservationsaresubjecttochangewithoutnotice.”(格林先生指了指瓊小姐幾乎見過的最小的字:預訂的條款和條件如有更改，恕不另行通知?！?。因此選C項“他們進行了團購”。

4.根據題干定位至最后一段，此句后面一句給出了解釋:Shedidn’twanttosetabadexampleforherstudents(她不想給學生樹立壞榜樣)。因此，此句表示“MissJoan在那一刻之前是開心的”。

5.判斷推理題。文章主要講述:MissJohn只看到那些很顯眼的吸引人的廣告，沒看到小字書寫的限制條款，導致學生因團購限制而摘不到想要的蘋果。由此推測，A項“她沒有仔細閱讀小冊子”正確。

13.單選題

How

difficultitis（）themodern

worldwithoutoil.

問題1選項

A.Imagining

B.imagined

C.toimagine

D.haveimagined

【答案】C

【解析】句意：很難想象現代世界沒了石油會怎么樣。it做形式主語,不定式內容為實際主語。

14.單選題

TheFDAwascreatedto（）thesafetyofproducts,reviewapplicationsandgrantapprovals.

問題1選項

A.manipulate

B.adjust

C.regulate

D.manage

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A項manipulate“操縱，操作”，B項adjust“調整”，C項regulate“調節(jié)，控制”，D項manage“管理，經營”；根據關鍵詞safetyofproduct（產品的安全性）和后面的review（檢查）以及grant（承認，允許）可推斷，空格部分表示“控制，規(guī)范”。句意：FDA的成立是為了監(jiān)管產品的安全性，審查申請和批準。因此，該題選擇C項正確。

15.單選題

Althoughtheinventionoftheprintingpressledtoasignificantreconceptualizationoftextualproductioninthe15thcentury,（

）theinventionofthecomputer.

問題1選項

A.nolesssignificantinthe20thcenturyis

B.nolesssignificantinthe20thcenturywas

C.whatwasequallysignificantinthe20thcenturywere

D.whathasbeenequallysignificantinthe20this

【答案】B

【解析】考查語法。although表讓步關系，noless“不相上下”。句意：盡管印刷機的發(fā)明在15世紀引起了對文本生產的重大重新認識，但20世紀計算機的發(fā)明也不相上下。20世紀計算機的發(fā)明已經發(fā)生，故用一般過去時，再結合although表讓步關系，可知noless能與其構成讓步關系。故B項正確。

16.單選題

Over-taxation,manyargue,impedesinitiative,sothatgovernmentincomemayactually（

）.

問題1選項

A.mushroom

B.capsize

C.shrink

D.dispel

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。mushroom“迅速增加；迅速生長”；capsize“傾覆；翻覆”；shrink“收縮；畏縮”；dispel"驅逐；消除（煩惱等）”。句意：很多人認為稅收過重會打擊進取心，因而政府的收入可能會減少。選項C符合題意。

17.單選題

HesuddenlysawSue__theroom.Hepushedhisway____thecrowdofpeopletogettoher.

問題1選項

A.across,across

B.over,through

C.over,into

D.across,through

【答案】D

【解析】考查介詞的用法。across表示從物體表面穿過，一般指穿過馬路，街道等沒有遮掩的地方；through表示從空間內部穿過，一般指穿過森林等有遮掩的地方；over表示從上面越過；into表示進入。句意：他突然看見Sue走到了房間那邊，他擠過人群向她走過去。

根據題意，只有D項符合。

18.單選題

Studiesservefordelight,forornament,andforability.Theirchiefusefordelight,isinprivatenessandretiring;forornament,isindiscourse;andforability,isinthejudgmentanddispositionofbusiness.Forexpertmencanexecute,andperhapsjudgeofparticulars,onebyone;butthegeneralcounsels,andtheplotsandmarshalling（按次序排列成形）ofaffairs,comebestfromthosethatarelearned.Tospendtoomuchtimeinstudiesissloth（怠惰）;tousethemtoomuchforornament,isaffectation;tomakejudgmentwhollybytheirrules,isthehumorofascholar.

Theyperfectnature,andareperfectedbyexperience:fornaturalabilitiesarelikenaturalplants,thatneedpruning（修剪）bystudy;andstudiesthemselvesdogiveforthdirectionstoomuchatlarge,excepttheybeboundedinbyexperience.

Craftymencontemnstudies,simplemenadmirethem,andwisemenusethem;fortheyteachnottheirownuse;butthatisawisdomwithoutthem,andabovethem,wonbyobservation.

Readnottocontradictandconfute（駁斥）；nortobelieveandtakeforgranted;nortofindtalkanddiscourse;buttoweighandconsider.

Somebooksaretobetasted,otherstobeswallowed,andsomefewtobechewedanddigested;thatis,somebooksaretobereadonlyinparts;otherstoberead,butnotcuriously;andsomefewtobereadwholly,andwithdiligenceandattention.Somebooksalsomaybereadbydeputy,andextractsmadeofthembyothers;butthatwouldbeonlyinthelessimportantarguments,andthemeanersortofbooks,elsedistilled（蒸溜的）booksarelikecommondistilledwaters,flashythings.

Readingmakesafullman;conferenceareadyman;andwritinganexactman.Andtherefore,ifamanwritelittle,hehadneedhaveagreatmemory;ifheconferlittle,hehadneedhaveapresentwit:andifhereadlittle,hehadneedhavemuchcunning,toseemtoknowthathedoesnot.Historiesmakemenwise;poetswitty;themathematicssubtile（敏銳的）；naturalphilosophydeep;moralgrave;logicandrhetoricabletocontend（爭論）.

Nay（不），thereisnostoodorimpediment（妨礙）inthewitbutmaybewroughtoutbyfitstudies,likeasdiseasesofthebodymayhaveappropriateexercises.Bowlingisgoodforthestoneandreins（腎臟）;shootingforthelungsandbreast;gentlewalkingforthestomach;ridingforthehead;andthelike.Soifaman’switbewandering,lethimstudythemathematics;forindemonstrations,ifhiswitbecalledawayneversolittle,hemustbeginagain.Ifhiswitbenotapttodistinguishorfinddifferences,lethimstudytheschoolman;fortheyarecyminisectors[splittersofhairs].Ifhebenotapttobeatovermatters,andtocalluponethingtoproveandillustrateanother,lethimstudythelawyers’cases.Soeverydefectofthemindmayhaveaspecialreceipt.

1.Accordingtothepassage,studiesareusefulonallthefollowingoccasionsEXCEPTwhen（

）.

2.AllofthefollowingstatementsaboutstudiesistrueEXCEPTthat

（

）.

3.Theauthorsuggeststhatwhenyoureadabook,youshould

（

）.

4.Ifapersonwantstoexpresshisideaswithgreateloquence,heshouldreadabookon

（

）.

5.Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthatschoolmanprobablyisa（

）.

問題1選項

A.onegivesaspeech

B.onemakesajudgment

C.oneclassisover

D.oneretiresfromthecrowd

問題2選項

A.scholarsmakejudgmentbasedontheknowledgeobtainedthroughstudies

B.sensiblemencanmakegooduseofthestudiestheyhavepursued

C.artisanslookdownuponstudies

D.asplantsneedpruning,one’sstudyabilitiesneedcultivating

問題3選項

A.agreewiththewriterofthebook

B.refutethewriter’sviewpoint

C.trytofindfaultwiththewriter

D.ponderuponwhatyouhaveread

問題4選項

A.history

B.rhetoric

C.speech

D.publicrelations

問題5選項

A.philosopher

B.lawyer

C.mathematician

D.physician

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。由文章第一段中的Studiesservefordelight,forornament,andforability.Theirchiefusefordelight,isinprivatenessandretiring;forornament,isindiscourse;andforability,isinthejudgmentanddispositionofbusiness.（讀書足以怡情，足以傅彩，足以長才。其怡情也，最見于獨處幽居之時；其傅彩也，最見于高談闊論之中；其長才也，最見于處世判事之際）可知選C。

2.細節(jié)事實題。由文章第三段中的Craftymencontemnstudies,simplemenadmirethem,andwisemenusethem（有手藝的人輕視讀書，無知的人羨慕讀書，聰明的人利用讀書）可知B選項中的sensibleman不正確。

3細節(jié)事實題。由文章第四段中的Readnottocontradictandconfute；nortobelieveandtakeforgranted;nortofindtalkanddiscourse;buttoweighandconsider.（讀書不要反駁和困惑，也不要相信和想當然；也不要去尋找話語，而是要權衡和思考）可知D選項“思考你所讀過的東西”符合題意。

4.細節(jié)事實題。由文章倒數第二段中的Historiesmakemenwise;poetswitty;themathematicssubtile;naturalphilosophydeep;moralgrave;logicandrhetoricabletocontend.（歷史使人明智，讀詩使人靈秀，數學使人周密，科學使人深刻，倫理學使人莊重，邏輯修辭使人善辯）可知選B。

5.推理判斷題。由文章最后一段中的Ifhiswitbenotapttodistinguishorfinddifferences，lethimstudytheschoolman;fortheyarecyminisectors[splittersofhairs].（如不能辯異，可令讀經院哲學，因為研究經院哲學者吹毛求疵者也）可知選A。

19.翻譯題

Icameacrossanoldcountryguidetheotherday.Itlistedallthetradesmenineachvillageinmypartofthecountry,anditwasimpressivetoseethegreatvarietyofserviceswhichwereavailableonone’sowndoorstepinthelateVictoriancountryside.

NowadaysasuperficialtravelerinruralEnglandmightconcludethattheonlyvillagetradesmenstillflourishingwereeithersellingfrozenfoodtotheinhabitantsorsellingantiquestovisitors.Nevertheless,thiswouldreallybeafalseimpression.Admittedlytherehasbeenacontraction(收縮)ofvillagecommerce,butitsvigorisstillremarkable.

Ourlocalgrocer’sshop,forexample,isactuallyexpandinginspiteofthecompetitionfromsupermarketsinthenearesttown.Womensensiblyprefertogothereandexchangethelocalnewswhiledoingtheirshopping,insteadofqueuing(排隊)upatasupermarket.Andtheproprietor(店主)knowswellthatpersonalservicehasasubstantialcashvalue.

【答案】有一天，我看到了一本舊的鄉(xiāng)村指南。它列出了我所在地區(qū)每個村莊的所有商人，看到在維多利亞時代晚期的鄉(xiāng)村，人們在自己的家門口就能得到各種各樣的服務，令人印象深刻。

如今，一個膚淺的英國農村旅行者可能會得出結論，唯一仍然繁榮的鄉(xiāng)村商人要么是向居民出售冷凍食品，要么是向游客出售古董。然而，這確實會是一個錯誤的印象。誠然，鄉(xiāng)村商業(yè)已經萎縮，但其活力仍然顯著。

例如，我們當地的雜貨店，盡管有來自最近的城鎮(zhèn)的超市的競爭，但實際上正在擴大。婦女們更愿意去那里，在購物的同時交流當地的新聞，而不是在超市排隊。而老板很清楚，個人服務具有相當大的現金價值。

20.單選題

Ican’t___whathashappenedtothevegetables,fortheywerefreshlypickedthismorning.

問題1選項

A.figureout

B.drawout

C.lookout

D.workout

【答案】A

【解析】考查詞組。A選項figureout“了解，弄清楚”；B選項drawout“拉長”；C選項lookout“留神，小心”；D選項workout“解決出，算出”。句意：我不知道這些蔬菜怎么了，因為它們是今天早上剛摘的。結合句意，A選項正確。

21.單選題

Heknowslittleofmathematics,and（

）ofchemistry.

問題1選項

A.evenmore

B.stillless

C.noless

D.stillmore

【答案】B

【解析】考查比較級。even,still修飾表示級，意為“更……”，little的比較級為less，因此選B。

句意：他數學懂得很少，化學懂得更少了。

22.單選題

Noagreementwasreachedinthediscussionasneithersidewouldgivewayto（）.

問題1選項

A.theother

B.anyother

C.another

D.other

【答案】A

【解析】考查代詞。由關鍵詞neitherside可以推斷出有兩方。A:theother“其中的另一個”。句意：討論中，雙方未達成協議，因為雙方都不愿意讓步。因此A符合題意。

23.單選題

（

）John,Ibegantotrustmyfeelingsandbegantobelieveinmyability.

問題1選項

A.Dueto

B.Obligedto

C.Byvirtueof

D.Thanksto

【答案】D

【解析】句意:由于約翰，我開始相信自己的感覺和能力。

短語辨析。Dueto因為,由于;Obligedto不得不(做),后面不接原因狀語;Byvirtueof由于,憑借;Thanksto幸虧,由于,可以引導原因狀語。故選D。

24.單選題

Whilehewasclimbingthehighmountain,hehadhisleg____.

問題1選項

A.broke

B.break

C.broken

D.breaking

【答案】C

【解析】考查賓語與賓語補足語之間的關系。此句中的had為使役動詞，其后的賓語與賓語補足語之間的關系是邏輯上的動賓關系，根據英語語法，此處應用過去分詞。本句句意：他在爬那座高山時，摔斷了腿。

25.單選題

Sarahputinaspecial______foranextraday’sholidaysothatshecouldattendherfriend’swedding.

問題1選項

A.inquiry

B.appeal

C.proposal

D.request

【答案】D

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.inquiry探究，調查B.appeal呼吁，吸引

C.proposal提議，建議D.request請求

【考查點】名詞辨析。

【解題思路】由anextraday’sholiday（額外休假一天）可推測，putinaspecial______表示“提出一個特別的請求”。因此，該題選擇D項符合句意。

【干擾項排除】A、B、C選項都不符合句意。

【句意】莎拉提出額外休假一天的特殊要求，以便參加朋友的婚禮。

26.單選題

Themedicine（）hispainbutdidnotcurehisillness.

問題1選項

A.increased

B.alleviated

C.interrupted

D.deteriorated

【答案】B

【解析】increase增加；alleviate減輕，緩和；interrupt中斷，打擾；deteriorate惡化。根據句意可知，這里指減輕疼痛，選項B符合句意。

27.翻譯題

Itisalsoclearfromhisaccountwhoisresponsibleformisrepresentingthisthreat:themediaandpoliticians.Thoughoutthiswork,hescoldsboth.Politicians,wearetold,“amplifythethreatfortheirownpoliticalgainsandmisleadthepublicintomisunderstandingterrorismandpreferappearingtoughonterrorismtoeffectivelycombatingitathome”.Hearguesthatmediareportingissignificantlyflawedandhystericalandsuggeststhatthemediaandpoliticiansseldompassupanyopportunitytomanipulateandsensationalizenewsevents.ThecombinationofthesetwofactorsisagreatinflationoftheterroristtheatintheUnitedStates,resultinginpopularhysteria.ThefocusonthethreattotheWestisunderstandableinsomeways—itisthethreattoone’sownstatethatthemediaandpoliticiansareconcernedwithandattempttomitigate.

【答案】【參考譯文】

從他的描述中也可以清楚地看出，是誰歪曲了這一威脅：媒體和政客。在這篇文章中，他斥責了兩者。他說，政客們?yōu)榱俗约旱恼卫娑糯笸{，誤導公眾對恐怖主義產生誤解，比起在國內有效打擊恐怖主義，他們更愿（僅僅）表現出一副強硬態(tài)度。他認為媒體報道有明顯的缺陷且很滑稽，并暗示媒體和政客很少錯過任何操縱和渲染新聞事件的機會。這兩個因素結合在一起大大地夸大了美國的恐怖主義威脅，導致了大眾的談虎色變。對西方的威脅的關注度在某種程度上是可以理解的——媒體和政客們關注并試圖減輕的是對自己國家的威脅。

28.單選題

UrbanmotorwayshaveprovednosolutiontoBritain’s______trafficcongestion—indeedsomesaytheyhavemadeitworse.

問題1選項

A.abundant

B.adamant

C.sticky

D.chronic

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項abundant“大量的，充裕的”；B選項adamant“堅決的”；C選項sticky“難辦的，棘手的”；D選項chronic“長期的，難以治愈（或根除）的”。句意：事實證明，城市高速公路并不能解決英國______的交通擁堵問題——事實上，有的人說，城市高速公路讓情況更糟了。橫線處修飾trafficcongestion“交通擁堵問題”，交通擁堵問題不是短時間形成和解決的，沒有提到會帶來很嚴重的后果，需要立刻解決，不至于棘手，D選項chronic“長期的，難以治愈（或根除）的”符合題意。因此D選項正確。

29.單選題