考研考博-英語-中央戲劇學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解1

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-中央戲劇學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共100題)1.翻譯題

Directions:TranslatethefollowingpassageintoEnglish.YoushouldwriteyouranswerontheAnswerSheet.

42.人們學(xué)會了珍惜各自身上具有的一些品質(zhì)，正是這些品質(zhì)使群體生活愉悅美好。在這些品質(zhì)中，最重要的是同情。你若是殘忍地對待動物，你就不大可能對其他人善良體貼。你若是對其他人體貼入微，你就不大可能殘忍冷漠地對待動物。古代的智者寫道“仁者愛人及畜”，原因概出于此。善待動物并不是說我們永遠(yuǎn)不能讓動物承受痛苦。人類自身就是在快樂中、也在痛苦中經(jīng)受鍛煉。因此，有時候也需要用懲罰來訓(xùn)練我們的狗和馬，使他們聽從我們的指令。在醫(yī)生的手下，為了療好創(chuàng)傷或醫(yī)治疾病，我們得忍受痛苦。為了國家的利益，我們派遣最勇敢的人們直面創(chuàng)傷、疾病和死亡。同樣，我們讓戰(zhàn)馬和我們一起親冒矢石。

【答案】Peoplehavelearnedtovaluethequalitiesthateachofthempossessesthatmakegrouplifeenjoyable.Themostimportantofthesequalitiesiscompassion.Ifyouarecrueltoanimals,youarelesslikelytobekindtootherpeople.Ifyoutreatotherpeoplewithconsideration,youarelesslikelytotreatanimalswithcrueltyandinsensitivity.Thisiswhythewisemenofancienttimeswrotethat“benevolentmenlovetheiranimals.”Beingkindtoanimalsdoesnotmeanthatweshouldneverallowanimalstosuffer.Manhimselfisexercisedinpleasureaswellasinpain.Therefore,itissometimesnecessarytousepunishmenttotrainourdogsandhorsestoobeyourcommands.Underthehandsofadoctor,wehavetosufferinordertohealawoundorcureadisease.Wehavesentourbravestmenandwomentofacetrauma,diseaseanddeathinthefaceofwhatisgoodforourcountry.Inthesameway,weletourhorsesmarchwithusthroughthehailofbullets.

2.單選題

OnemotivationalanalystwhobecamecurioustoknowtherehadbeensuchagreatriseinimpulsebuyingatsupermarketswasJamesVicary.Hesuspectedthatsomespecialpsychologymustbegoingoninsidethewomenastheyshoppedinsupermarkets.Hissuspicionwasthatperhapstheyunderwentsuchanincreaseintensionwhenconfrontedwithsomanypossibilitiesthattheywereforcedintomakingquickpurchases.Hesetouttofindoutifthisweretrue.Thebestwaytodetectwhatwasgoingoninsidetheshopperwasthroughtheuseofagalvanometerorliedetector.Thatobviouslywasimpractical.Thenextbestthingwastouseahiddenmotion-picturecameraandrecordtheeye-blinkrateofthewomenastheyshopped.Howfastapersonblinkshiseyesisaprettygoodindexofhisstateofinnertension.Theaverageperson,accordingtoMr.Vicary,normallyblinkshiseyesabout32timesaminute.Ifheistense,heblinksthemmorefrequently;and,underextremetension,hemayblinkupto50or60timesaminute.Ifheisnotablyrelaxed,ontheotherhand,hiseye-blinkratemaydroptoasubnormaltwentyorless.

Mr.Vicarysetuphiscamerasandstartedfollowingtheladiesastheyenteredthestore.Theresultswerestartling,eventohim.Theireye-blinkrate,insteadofgoinguptoindicatemountingtension,wentdownanddown,toaverysubnormalfourteenblinksaminute.TheladiesfellintowhatMr.Vicarycallsahypnoidaltrance,alightkindoftrancethat,heexplains,isthefirststageofhypnosis.Mr.Vicaryhasdecidedthatthemaincauseofthetranceisthatthesupermarketispackedwithproductswhichinformeryearswouldhavebeenitemsonlykingsandqueenscouldhaveaffordedandhereinthisfairylandtheywereavailabletoall.Mr.Vicarytheorizes:’’Justwithinthisgeneration,anyonecanbeakingorqueenandgothroughthesestoreswheretheproductssay'buymebuyme”.

1.Vicary'scuriositywasarousedbythefactthat

（

）.

2.Accordingtothearticle,eye-blinkrateisanindicationof（

）.

3.Mr.Vicary’stest

（

）.

4.Afterhistests,Mr.Vicaryconcludedthat

（

）.

5.Thearticleimpliedbutnotstated（

）.

問題1選項

A.therewasadecreaseinsalesinsupermarkets

B.womenwereshowingstrongresistancetoproductsinsupermarkets

C.thereseemedtobenologicinwomen’sbuyinghabits

D.womenwereshoppingverycarefully

問題2選項

A.thetruthorfalsityofastatement

B.thementalabilityofaperson

C.bloodpressure

D.theemotionalstateofaperson

問題3選項

A.provedhisoriginalhypothesistobetrue

B.provedthatthetensionofawomanshopper,afterenteringstore,decreasedratherthanincreased

C.nullifiedtheeye-blinkrateasameasurementoftension

D.showedthatawoman’sreactiontotheproductsinasupermarketisimpossibletodetermine.

問題4選項

A.shoppingwasapttocreateseriousnervousdisorders

B.asupermarketisfantasticplace

C.womenareentrancedbythemanywonderfulitemsavailableinsupermarkets

D.womendevelopaninferioritycomplexwheninsupermarkets

問題5選項

A.Quickpurchasesaretheresultofinnertension

B.Thefirststageofhypnosisisalighttrance

C.Researchconductedbymotivationanalysiscandisprovetheiroriginalpremises

D.Supermarketsseekingafairylandatmosphereshouldinstallhiddenmoviecameras

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:C

【解析】1.文章第一段提到Vicaiy對女性沖動購物越來越好奇，從而想去探究一番，選項A“超市上銷量減少”，選項B“女性對超市產(chǎn)品表現(xiàn)出強烈的抵制”，選項D“女性購物很謹(jǐn)慎”，這三個都不是引發(fā)這位研究者好奇心的原因，選項C符合題意。

2.文章第一段Howfastapersonblinkshiseyesisaprettygoodindexofhisstateofinnertension提到眨眼睛的頻率可以反映一個人內(nèi)心的緊張程度，選項D符合題意。

3.文章第二段提到Vicary拿起了隱藏的攝像機，進(jìn)入了商店。通過實踐得知，并沒有像他預(yù)想的那樣，女性進(jìn)入商店后，她們的眨眼率沒有增加，而是減少了(theireye-blinkrate,insteadofgoinguptoindicatemountingtension,wentdownanddown,toaverysubnormalfourteenblinksaminute)，選項B符合題意。

4.文章第二段提到女性進(jìn)入商店后，進(jìn)入了一種Vicarys稱之為催眠的狀態(tài)。Vicary認(rèn)為超市中擺滿了在以前只有王室才用得起的商品，而現(xiàn)在一般人都可以用，而這就是使女性進(jìn)入催眠的緣由，選項C“女性為超市里那些商品著迷”符合題意。

5.題干的要求是文章暗含了但是沒有寫出來的是什么。文章講述了Vicary出于對女性沖動購物的好奇而用影藏攝像機在超市進(jìn)行跟拍，想根據(jù)女性購物使眨眼的次數(shù)來判斷她們購物時的緊張程度。但是跟他預(yù)期不同的是，她們眨眼的次數(shù)不但沒有上升，反而下降了，原因是女性在購物的時候，全身放松，非常舒坦。所以這個結(jié)果推翻了原來的結(jié)論，選項C符合題意。

3.填空題

Threebroadcategoriesofterroristcrimemaybedistinguished,notinlegalterms,butwithintention.

Foremostistheuseofviolenceandthethreatofviolencetocreatepublicfear.

A

B

C

D

【答案】Cwithintention改為byintention

【解析】【考查點】被動語態(tài)。

【解題思路】根據(jù)bedistinguished，可知此句為被動語態(tài)，byintention指的是通過意圖來區(qū)分。

【句意】恐怖主義犯罪的三大類可以通過意圖而不是法律術(shù)語加以區(qū)分。其中最重要的是使用暴力和暴力威脅來制造公眾恐懼。

4.單選題

Therearehiddenfactorswhichscientistscall“feedbackmechanisms”.Nooneknowsquitehowtheywillinteractwiththechangingclimate.Here’soneexample:plantsandanimalsadapttoclimatechangeovercenturies.Atthecurrentestimateofhalfadegreecentigradeofwarmingperdecade,vegetationmaynotkeepup.ClimatologistJamesHansenpredictsclimatezoneswillshifttowardthepolesby50to75kilometersayear―fasterthantreescannaturallymigrate.Speciesthatfindthemselvesinanunfamiliarenvironmentwilldie.The1000kilometer-widestripofforestrunningthroughCanada,theUSSR,andScandinaviacouldbecutbyhalf.Millionsofdyingtreeswouldsoonleadtomassiveforestfires,releasingtonsofC02andfurtherboostingglobalwarming.

Therearedozensofotherpossible“feedbackmechanisms”.Highertemperatureswillfuelcondensationandincreasecloudiness,whichmayactuallydampdownglobalwarming.Others,likethe“albedo”effect,willdotheopposite.The“albedo”effectistheamountofsolarenergyreflectedbytheearth'ssurface.Asnortherniceandsnowmeltsandthedarkerseaandlandpokesthrough,moreheatwillbeabsorbed,addingtotheglobaltemperatureincrease.

Evenifweweretomagicallystopallgreenhouse-gasemissionstomorrowtheimpactonglobalclimatewouldcontinuefordecades.Delaywillsimplymaketheproblemworse.Thefactisthatsomeofusaredoingquitewellthewaythingsare.Inthedevelopedworldprosperityhasbeenbuilton150yearsofcheapfossilfuels.

Materialprogresshasbeenlinkedtoenergyconsumption.Today75percentofalltheworld'senergyisconsumedbyaquarteroftheworld’spopulation.Theaveragerichworldresidentaddsabout3.2tonsofC02yearlytotheatmosphere,morethanfourtimestheleveladdedbyeachThirdWorldcitizen.TheUS,withjust7percentoftheglobalpopulation,isresponsiblefor22percentofglobalwarming.

1.“Feedbackmechanisms”inParagraph1mostprobablyreferto（

）.

2.JamesHansenpredictsthattheshiftofclimatezoneswillbeaccompaniedby（

）.

3.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat（

）.

4.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat（

）.

5.Whichofthefollowingisthemaintopicofthepassage?

問題1選項

A.howplantsandanimalsadapttohiddenfactors

B.howplantsandanimalsinteractwiththechangingclimate

C.howclimatechanges

D.howclimatezonesshift

問題2選項

A.thecuttingofmanytrees

B.desirableenvironmentalchanges

C.successfulmigrationofspecies

D.unsuccessfulmigrationoftrees

問題3選項

A.somefeedbackmechanismsmayslowdownglobalwarming

B.thebasicfactsofglobalwarmingareunknown

C.developingcountriesbenefitfromcheapfossilfuels

D.developedcountrieshavedecidedtoreducetheirenergyconsumption?

問題4選項

A.thedevelopingworldhasdecidedtoincreaseitsenergyconsumption

B.athird-worldcitizenaddslessthanatonofC02yearlytotheatmosphere

C.theworldclimatewouldsoongainitsbalanceifwestoppedgreenhouse-gasemissions

D.futureprosperityoftheworldisdependentoncheapfossilfuels

問題5選項

A.MaterialProgressandEnergyConsumption.

B.ProsperityandCheapFossilFuels.

C.ImpactofGlobalWarmingonClimate.

D.PlantsandAnimalsintheChangingClimate.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:C

【解析】1.判斷推理題。根據(jù)文章第一段，作者舉出了植物和動物適應(yīng)氣候變化的例子。氣溫上升可能對植被的生長帶來不利影響，氣候區(qū)的移動會使處于陌生環(huán)境下的物種死亡。瀕臨死亡的植被會引發(fā)火災(zāi)釋放大量的二氧化碳，從而進(jìn)一步加劇全球變暖。可判斷出第一段主要討論了動植物和氣候變化之間的相互作用和相互關(guān)系。所謂的“反饋機制”就是這種相互作用的關(guān)系。選項B符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)文章第一段，“ClimatologistJamesHansenpredictsclimatezoneswillshifttowardthepolesby50to75kilometersayear―fasterthantreescannaturallymigrate.Speciesthatfindthemselvesinanunfamiliarenvironmentwilldie.”，可知氣候?qū)W家詹姆斯?漢森預(yù)測，氣候區(qū)將以每年50至75公里的速度向兩極移動，比樹的自然移動速度要快。而且發(fā)現(xiàn)自己身處陌生環(huán)境的物種將會死亡?？膳袛喑稣材匪?漢森預(yù)測，氣候區(qū)域的變化將伴隨著樹木不成功地遷移。選項D符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)文章第二段，“Therearedozensofotherpossible‘feedbackmechanisms’.Highertemperatureswillfuelcondensationandincreasecloudiness,whichmayactuallydampdownglobalwarming.”，可知還有許多其他的反饋機制。更高的溫度將加劇凝結(jié)并增加云層，這實際上可能會減緩全球變暖?？膳袛喑鲆恍┓答仚C制可能會減緩全球變暖。選項A符合題意。

4.判斷推理題。根據(jù)文章最后一段，“Theaveragerichworldresidentaddsabout3.2tonsofC02yearlytotheatmosphere,morethanfourtimestheleveladdedbyeachThirdWorldcitizen.”，可知富裕國家居民平均每年向大氣中排放3.2噸二氧化碳，是第三世界居民人均排放量的四倍多?？膳袛喑鲆粋€第三世界國家的居民每年向大氣中排放的二氧化碳還不到一噸。選項B符合題意。

5.主旨大意題?？v觀全文，文章第一段主要討論了動植物和全球氣候變暖之間的相互作用和相互關(guān)系，著重討論氣候變暖給動植物帶來的影響。第二段主要提到有些反饋機制也能減緩全球變暖，而有些反饋機制會加快氣溫上升。最后提到富國比第三世界國家的二氧化碳排放量要更多，這是因為物質(zhì)進(jìn)步與能源消耗有關(guān)。綜上所述，整篇文章主題為全球變暖對氣候的影響。選項C符合題意。

5.單選題

After（

）seemedanendlesswait,itwashisturntoenterthepersonnelmanager’soffice.

問題1選項

A.that

B.it

C.what

D.there

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞性從句。分析句子，可知句中缺少主語，因此用what引導(dǎo)名詞性從句并在句中作主語；that在名詞性從句中不充當(dāng)任何成分。

句意：在漫長的等待之后，輪到他進(jìn)入人事經(jīng)理辦公室了。

6.單選題

The______ofmaterialismhasdominatedthethinkingofyoungpeopleandledthemtopursueasmuchpersonalgainsaspossible.

問題1選項

A.lure

B.tempt

C.seduce

D.induce

【答案】A

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.lure吸引力；誘惑力n.B.tempt引誘；誘惑v.

C.seduce誘奸v.D.induce勸說；誘使v.

【考查點】名詞和動詞辨析。

【解題思路】分析句子可知，The______ofmaterialism是句子的主語，主語應(yīng)該為名詞、代詞或名詞性短語，所以空格處要填入一個名詞，故只有A項符合條件。

【干擾項排除】B、C、D項都是動詞，不符合句子語法結(jié)構(gòu)。

【句意】物質(zhì)主義的誘惑主導(dǎo)了年輕人的思想，使他們盡可能地追求個人利益。

7.單選題

（）onlyonemovingsoulinthecenterofalltheorbitsthatisthesunwhichdrivestheplanetsthemorevigorouslytheclosertheplanetis.

問題1選項

A.Asexists

B.Althoughexisting

C.Thereexists

D.Whereexisting

【答案】C

【解析】考查語法知識。C選項的thereexist是therebe句型的變形。需認(rèn)清句中關(guān)系詞that的先行詞是onemovingsoul。因此C選項符合題意。

8.單選題

Itwouldbe（）tothinkthatthiscouldsolveallthearea’sproblemsstraightaway.

問題1選項

A.subtle

B.feeble

C.nasty

D.naive

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。subtle“微妙的，精細(xì)的”；feeble“微弱的，無力的”；nasty“骯臟的”；naive“天真的”。句意：以為那樣便可以解決這個領(lǐng)域所有問題真的是太天真了。選項D符合題意。

9.不定項選擇題

Onlineprogramstofightdepressionarealreadycommerciallyavailable.Whiletheysoundefficientandcost-saving,arecentstudyreportsthattheyarenoteffective,primarilybecausedepressedpatientsarenotlikelytoengagewiththemorstickwiththem.

Thestudylookedatcomputer-assistedcognitive(認(rèn)知的)behavioraltherapy(CBT)andfoundthatitwasnomoreeffectiveintreatingdepressionthantheusualcarepatientsreceivefromaprimarycaredoctor.

TraditionalCBTisconsideredaneffectiveformoftalktherapyfordepression,helpingpeoplechallengenegativethoughtsandchangethewaytheythinkinordertochangetheirmoodandbehaviors.However,onlineCBTprogramshavebeengainingpopularity,withtheattractionofprovidinglow-costhelpwhereversomeonehasaccesstoacomputer.

AteamofresearchersfromtheUniversityofYorkconductedarandomized(隨機的)controltrialwith691depressedpatientsfrom83physicianpracticesacrossEngland.Thepatientsweresplitintothreegroups:onegroupreceivedonlyusualcarefromaphysicianwhiletheothertwogroupsreceivedusualcarefromaphysicianplusoneoftwocomputerizedCBTprograms.Participantswerebalancedacrossthethreegroupsforage,sex,educationalbackground,severityanddurationofdepression,anduseofantidepressants(抗抑郁藥).

Afterfourmonths,thepatientsusingthecomputerizedCBTprogramshadnoimprovementindepressionlevelsoverthepatientswhowereonlygettingusualcarefromtheirdoctors.

“It’sanimportant,cautionarynotethatweshouldn’tgettoocarriedawaywiththeideathatacomputersystemcanreplacedoctorsandtherapists,”saysChristopherDowrick,aprofessorofprimarymedicalcareattheUniversityofLiverpool.“Wedostillneedthehumantouchorthehumaninteraction,particularlywhenpeoplearedepressed.”

Beingdepressedcanmeanfeeling“l(fā)ostinyourownsmall,negative,darkworld,”Dowricksays.Havingaperson,insteadofacomputer,reachouttoyouisparticularlyimportantincombatingthatsenseofisolation.“Whenyou’reemotionallyvulnerable,you’reevenmoreinneedofacaringhumanbeing,”hesays.

1.WhatdoestherecentstudysayaboutonlineCBTprograms?

2.WhathasmadeonlineCBTprogramsincreasinglypopular?

3.WhatisthemajorfindingbyresearchersattheUniversityofYork?

4.WhatisProfessorDowrick’sadviceconcerningonlineCBTprograms?

5.Whatismoreimportanttoanemotionallyvulnerableperson?

問題1選項

A.Patientsmaynotbeabletocarrythemthroughforeffectivecure.

B.Patientscannotengagewiththemwithouttheuseofacomputer.

C.Theycansavepatientstroublevisitingphysicians.

D.Theyhavebeenwellreceivedbyalotofpatients.

問題2選項

A.Theireffectivenessincombatingdepression.

B.Thelowefficiencyoftraditionaltalktherapy.

C.Theireasyandinexpensiveaccessbypatients.

D.Therecommendationbyprimarycaredoctors.

問題3選項

A.OnlineCBTprogramsarenomoreeffectivethanregularcarefromphysicians.

B.Theprocessoftreatingdepressionisoftenmorecomplicatedthananticipated.

C.ThecombinationoftraditionalCBTandcomputerizedCBTismosteffective.

D.Depressionisamentalconditionwhichistobetreatedwithextremecaution.

問題4選項

A.Theyshouldnotbeneglectedinprimarycare.

B.Theireffectivenessshouldnotbeoverestimated.

C.Theyshouldbeusedbystrictlyfollowinginstructions.

D.Theiruseshouldbeencouragedbydoctorsandtherapists.

問題5選項

A.Apositivestateofmind.

B.Appropriatemedication.

C.Timelyencouragement.

D.Humaninteraction.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】第1題:推理判斷題。題干意思是“最近的研究對在線認(rèn)知行為療法項目說了什么？”。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞recentstudy和onlineCBT定位到文章第一段第二句arecentstudyreportsthattheyarenoteffective,primarilybecausedepressedpatientsarenotlikelytoengagewiththemorstickwiththem.（最近的一項研究表明它們并不有效，主要是因為抑郁癥患者不太可能與它們接觸或堅持使用），結(jié)合第二段foundthatitwasnomoreeffectiveintreatingdepressionthantheusualcarepatientsreceivefromaprimarycaredoctor（發(fā)現(xiàn)它對抑郁癥的治療效果并不比初級保健醫(yī)生給患者提供的普通護理更有效），由此可知，在線CBT項目并不比醫(yī)生提供的護理更有效，而且抑郁癥患者不太會與之建立有意義的聯(lián)系或者堅持使用，所以A項“病人或許不能為了有效治療而堅持到最后”符合題意。B項“如果不使用電腦，患者就無法與它們交流”，原文提到的是患者不太可能和它們交流，B項錯誤；C項“它們可以省去病人去看醫(yī)生的麻煩”和D項“它們得到了很多患者的好評”在這兩段沒有提及。因此，該題選擇A項正確。

第2題:細(xì)節(jié)事實題。題干意思是“是什么讓在線CBT項目越來越受歡迎？”。根據(jù)第三段最后一句However,onlineCBTprogramshavebeengainingpopularity,withtheattractionofprovidinglow-costhelpwhereversomeonehasaccesstoacomputer.（然而，在線CBT項目越來越受歡迎，因為它可以在任何可以使用電腦的地方提供低成本的幫助）可知，在線CBT項目越來越受歡迎是因為只要使用電腦，就可以獲得低成本的幫助，故C項“病人可以方便和便宜地獲得它們”正確。A項“它們對抗抑郁癥的有效性”，文章前兩段還提到了在線CBT項目對抑郁癥的治療效果并不比初級保健醫(yī)生給患者提供的普通護理更有效，所以A項表述錯誤；第三段第一句提到TraditionalCBTisconsideredaneffectiveformoftalktherapyfordepression（傳統(tǒng)的CBT被認(rèn)為是治療抑郁癥的一種有效的談話療法）可知B項“傳統(tǒng)談話療法的低效率”錯誤；D項“初級保健醫(yī)生的建議”文中沒有提及。因此，該題選擇C項正確。

第3題:細(xì)節(jié)事實題。題干意思是“約克大學(xué)研究人員的主要發(fā)現(xiàn)是什么？”。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章第四段，該段介紹了這個實驗的內(nèi)容，接著第五段講述了這個研究的發(fā)現(xiàn)，Afterfourmonths,thepatientsusingthecomputerizedCBTprogramshadnoimprovementindepressionlevelsoverthepatientswhowereonlygettingusualcarefromtheirdoctors.（四個月后，使用計算機化的CBT程序的患者的抑郁水平?jīng)]有比只接受醫(yī)生常規(guī)治療的患者有所改善）可知，A項“在線CBT項目并不比醫(yī)生的常規(guī)護理更有效”正確。B項“治療抑郁癥的過程往往比預(yù)期的更復(fù)雜”和D項“抑郁是一種精神狀況，需要極其謹(jǐn)慎的治療”在這兩段沒有體現(xiàn)；C項“傳統(tǒng)CBT與計算機化CBT相結(jié)合是最有效的”，該項是無中生有，文章并沒有體現(xiàn)兩種CBT結(jié)合治療的有效性。因此，該題選擇A項正確。

第4題:細(xì)節(jié)推理題。題干意思是“關(guān)于在線CBT項目，多瑞克教授有什么建議？”。根據(jù)題干定位到文章第六段，“It’sanimportant,cautionarynotethatweshouldn’tgettoocarriedawaywiththeideathatacomputersystemcanreplacedoctorsandtherapists,”saysChristopherDowrick…“Wedostillneedthehumantouchorthehumaninteraction,particularlywhenpeoplearedepressed.”（多瑞克說：“這是一個重要的警示，我們不應(yīng)該過度沉迷于計算機系統(tǒng)可以取代醫(yī)生和治療師的想法，我們?nèi)匀恍枰伺c人之間的接觸或互動，尤其是在人們抑郁的時候”），由此我們可知，多瑞克教授認(rèn)為治療抑郁癥仍然需要人與人的面對面交流，不應(yīng)純粹的依賴計算機，因為它們的效力沒有想象的高，所以B項“它們的效力不應(yīng)該被高估”符合題意。A項“在初級保健中不應(yīng)忽視它們”和D項“醫(yī)生和治療師應(yīng)該鼓勵使用它們”內(nèi)容與原文不符；C項“應(yīng)該嚴(yán)格按照說明書使用它們”文章沒有提到。因此，該題選擇B項正確。

第5題:細(xì)節(jié)事實題。題干意思是“對一個情感脆弱的人來說，什么更重要？”。文章最后一句話提到Whenyou’reemotionallyvulnerable,you’reevenmoreinneedofacaringhumanbeing.（當(dāng)你情緒脆弱時，你更需要有人關(guān)心你），可知對一個情感脆弱的人來說，人們之間的交流和關(guān)心是最重要的，所以D項“人際互動”正確。A項“積極的心態(tài)”和B項“適當(dāng)?shù)乃幬铩辈环显囊馑?；C項“及時鼓勵”只是其中一個方面，太片面。因此，該題選擇D項正確。

10.單選題

Ofrecentinventions,itisperhapsthemotorcarwhichhas

ourlivesmorethananythingelse.

問題1選項

A.transformed

B.transmitted

C.transferred

D.transplanted

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。transformed“轉(zhuǎn)變”；transmitted“傳輸”；transferred“轉(zhuǎn)移”；transplanted“移植”。句意：在最近的發(fā)明中，也許汽車比其他任何東西都更能改變我們的生活。選項A符合題意。

11.單選題

The（

）ofmedicalknowledgeisbeingpushedfartheronwardsastimegoeson

問題1選項

A.potential

B.multitude

C.frontier

D.leap

【答案】C

【解析】句意:隨著時間的推移,醫(yī)學(xué)知識的前沿正在向前推進(jìn)。只有選項C符合句意。

12.單選題

Culturecannotbesimplyamatterofpolitics,ofcourse.[l]Politics,afterall,isconcernedwithinfluencingtheinstitutionsofthestateandtheseareoflimiteduseinaffectingtheculture.Noteventhetotalitarianstatehasbeenabletoachievetheculturalgoalsitsetitself,thedemocraticstateisanevenlesslikelyagentofculturalchange,andindeed,intheAmericantraditionofdemocracy,itshouldnotaimtobethat.Consequently,aculturalagendacannotbeapoliticalagendaonly.Itwillhavetobepursuedinmanydifferentinstitutions,mostimportantlyintheinstitutionsofcivilsociety.Allthesame,everyoneofthemajorculturalissuesisalsoapoliticalissue,becauseofthewayinwhichtheimmensepowersofthestatehavebeenusedtopromotevariousideologicalpurposes.Thecourtshaveplayedaquitedeplorableroleinthis.[2]Notsurprisingly,thentouchofAmericanpoliticsinrecentdecadeshasbeenovertheso-called"social"or"values"issues,whichineffectareculturalissues.Thatis,theseissueshaveinvolvedconflictsoverthequestionsofwhoweareandhowwearetolivetogether.

[3]Thedynamicsofthetwo-partysystemhasbeenveryunhelpfulinthesearchforviablepositionsonthemiddleground.[4]Sincetheearlynineteen-seventiestheDemocraticPartyhasalmostcompletelyidentifieditselfwiththeagendaoftheculturalLeft(considerablylesssowithotherLeftpositions,suchasthoseoneconomicorforeignpolicy).Giventheimportanceofhighlyorganizedpressuregroups,especiallyintheprimaryprocess,thecaptivityoftheDemocraticPartytothecultureof"thesixties"hasbeenmassive.TheRepublicanpictureishardlymoreencouraging.Anincreasinglyvocalsegmentofthatparty'sconstituencyhastakenradicallyanti-"progressive"positionsontheculturalissues.Andagain,thesegroupshavehadaninfluencefarbeyondtheirnumericalstrengthbecauseoftheirstrategicroleinthemechanicsofelections,especiallyontileprimarylevel.[5]Consequently,individualstakinglessthan"politicallycorrect"positions,asdefinedbytherespectiveorthodoxies,havefoundthemselvestobepariahsineitherparty.ItissafetoassumethatbothDemocraticandRepublicanleadershavecateredtothesepolarizedgroupingsinamoreorlesscynicalmanner.[6]Thus,forinstance,traditionallyDemocraticlaborofficialsarenotverycrediblewhentheyexpressenthusiasmforgayrights,neitherare"country-club"Republicanswhentheyvoiceoutrageoverabortionorthedeclineofsexualmorality.

1.Accordingtothepassage,“everyoneofthemajorculturalissuesisalsoapoliticalissue”owingtothefactthat______.

2.Theauthordeemsthat______.

3.Allofthefollowingstatementsaboutthetwo-partysystemareimpliedinthepassageEXCEPTthat______.

4.Thepassageismainlyconcernedwith______.

5.Theword"credible"inthelastsentenceprobablymeans______.

問題1選項

A.culturesimplyexpressesitselfasamatterofpolitics

B.cultureplaysdifferentrolesindifferentstates

C.politicalpartiesusecultureasatooltopromotetheirideologies

D.politicianssetculturalgoalsandthuschangecultureattheirpleasure

問題2選項

A.Americancourts,ineffect,servethepurposeofdemocracy

B."social"or"value"issuesinrecentdecadesarenomorethancultureissues

C.cultureinfluencestheinstitutionsofthestate

D.aculturalagendasimplyreflectstheaimsofthecurrentadministration

問題3選項

A.neitherpartyobjectivelystandsonthemiddlegroundonculturalissues

B.eitherpartyrejectsthosewhoholddifferentpoliticalviewpoints

C.theRepublicanPartyhasbeenidentifiedastheright-wingparty

D.bothDemocratic'andRepublicanleadersarehypocriticalinpromotingculturalprogress

問題4選項

A.theoperationofthetwo-partysystem

B.cultureinapoliticalsense

C.cultureindifferentinstitutions

D.culturalagendaofdietwoparties

問題5選項

A.deservingtobebelieved

B.deservingpraiseorapproval

C.capableofbeingrealized

D.capableofbeingrespected

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:C

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】1.根據(jù)第一段的內(nèi)容“Allthesame,everyoneofthemajorculturalissuesisalsoapoliticalissue,becauseofthewayinwhichtheimmensepowersofthestatehavebeenusedtopromotevariousideologicalpurposes.”因為國家的巨大權(quán)力被用來促進(jìn)各種意識形態(tài)的目的。選項C符合原文。

2.根據(jù)第一段“Thecourtshaveplayedaquitedeplorableroleinthis.”選項A錯誤；根據(jù)第一段的倒數(shù)第三句“...theso-called"social"or"values"issues,whichineffectareculturalissues.”不僅僅是文化問題,所以選項B也錯誤；選項C符合原文,選項D在文中沒有提及。

3.根據(jù)第二段的第一句“Thedynamicsofthetwo-partysystemhasbeenveryunhelpfulinthesearchforviablepositionsonthemiddleground.”可知選項A正確；根據(jù)第二段“Consequently,individualstakinglessthan"politicallycorrect"positions,asdefinedbytherespectiveorthodoxies,havefoundthemselvestobepariahsineitherparty.”可知選項B正確；根據(jù)第二段的倒數(shù)第二句“ItissafetoassumethatbothDemocraticandRepublicanleadershavecateredtothesepolarizedgroupingsinamoreorlesscynicalmanner.”可知選項D正確,只要選項C在文中未提及。

4.根據(jù)原文內(nèi)容可知。本文的兩個關(guān)鍵詞是政治和文化,所以選項B符合原文。

5.credible指值得被相信的,選項A正確。

13.單選題

Intoday’scompetitivejobmarket,people,especiallyyoungmenarerequiredtobeaggressiveandindustrious.

問題1選項

A.invasive

B.belligerent

C.progressive

D.enterprising

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項invasive“侵入的”；B選項belligerent“好戰(zhàn)的”；C選項progressive“進(jìn)步的”；D選項enterprising“有進(jìn)取心的”。句意：在當(dāng)今競爭激烈的就業(yè)市場上，人們，尤其是年輕人需要有進(jìn)取心和勤奮。劃線部分aggressive是有進(jìn)取心的意思。因此D選項正確。

14.單選題

Thewordofscienceisheardsoofteninmoderntimesthatalmosteverybodyhassomenotionofitsmeaning.Ontheotherhand,itsdefinitionisdifficultformanypeople.Themeaningofthetermisconfusing,buteveryoneshouldunderstanditsmeaningandobjectives.Justtomaketheexplanationassimpleaspossible,supposescienceisdefinedasclassifiedknowledge.

Eveninthetruesciencesdistinguishingfactfromfictionisnotalwayseasy.Forthisreasongreatcareshouldbetakentodistinguishbetweenbeliefsandtruths.Thereisnodangeraslongasacleardifferenceismadebetweentemporaryandprovedexplanations.Forexample,hypothesesandtheoriesareattemptstoexplainnaturalphenomena.Fromthesepositionsthescientistcontinuestoexperimentandobserveuntiltheyareprovedordiscredited.Theexactstatusofanyexplanationshouldbeclearlylabeledtoavoidconfusion.Theobjectivesofscienceareprimarilythediscoveryandthesubsequentunderstandingoftheunknown.Mancannotbesatisfiedwithrecognizingthatsecretsexistinnatureorthatquestionsareunanswerable;hemustsolvethem.Towardthatendspecialistsinthefieldofbiologyandrelatedfieldsofinterestaredirectingmuchoftheirtimeandenergy.

Actually,twobasicapproachesleadtothediscoveryofnewinformation.One,aimedatsatisfyingcuriosity,isreferredtoaspurescience.Theotheraimedatusingknowledgeforspecificpurposes---forinstance,improvinghealth,raisingstandardsofliving,orcreatingnewconsumerproducts.Inthiscaseknowledgeisputtoeconomicuse.Suchanapproachisreferredtoasappliedscience.

Sometimespractical-mindedpeoplemissthepointofpurescienceinthinkingonlyofitsimmediateapplicationforeconomicrewards.Chemistsresponsibleformanyofthediscoveriescouldhardlyhaveanticipatedthattheirfindingswouldonedayresultinapplicationsofsuchapracticalnatureasthosedirectlyrelatedtolifeanddeath.Thediscoveryofonebitofinformationopensthedoorofthediscoveryofanother.Somediscoveriesseemsosimplethatoneisamazedtheywerenotmadeyearsago:howeveroneshouldrememberthattheconstructionofthemicroscopehadtoprecedethediscoveryofthecell.Thehostsofscientistsdedicatingtheirlivestopuresciencearenotapologeticaboutignoringthepracticalsideoftheirdiscoveries;theyknowfromexperiencethatmostknowledgeiseventuallyapplied.

1.Whichofthefollowingsentencesaboutpurescienceistrue?

2.Ascientistinterestedingeneralknowledgeaboutoxygenwouldprobablycallthisapproach（

）.

3.WhichoftheFollowingdoestheauthorimply?

4.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthispassage?

問題1選項

A.Itmayleadtoantiscientific,"impure"results.

B