考研考博-英語(yǔ)-中國(guó)礦業(yè)大學(xué)（北京）考試押題卷含答案詳解

書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-中國(guó)礦業(yè)大學(xué)（北京）考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買(mǎi)！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Thatpublicfigurewasreally（）forsayingthosethingsinpublic,eventhoughpeoplecanunderstandhimandseehispointofviewonthematter.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.behindthelines

B.outofline

C.offtheline

D.inhisline

【答案】B

【解析】固定搭配。behindthelines“在后方；繩子的背后”，outofline“不協(xié)調(diào)，違規(guī)”，offtheline“打完電話(huà)”，沒(méi)有搭配inhisline。句意：那位公眾人物在公共場(chǎng)合說(shuō)那些話(huà)真是不合規(guī)矩，盡管人們能理解他，也能看到他對(duì)這件事情的看法。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

2.單選題

Thejetairlinerhas（）fromtheWrightbrothers,smallairplane.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.involved

B.evolved

C.devolved

D.revolved

【答案】B

【解析】本題是同形詞辨析題。involved“包含”；evolved“進(jìn)化”；devolved“移交”；revolved“旋轉(zhuǎn)”，由“噴氣客機(jī)”與“萊特兄弟發(fā)明的小型飛機(jī)”之間的關(guān)系我們可以知道萊特兄弟發(fā)明的小型飛機(jī)是噴氣客機(jī)的前身，此處應(yīng)該使用evolved這個(gè)動(dòng)詞，“evolvefrom”是“從……演變過(guò)來(lái)”的意思，故正確答案為選項(xiàng)B。句意為：噴氣客機(jī)是由萊特兄弟發(fā)明的小型飛機(jī)演變過(guò)來(lái)的。

3.單選題

Leonardojustdiscoveredthathispassporthad（

）threemonthsago.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.constrained

B.abolished

C.amended

D.expired

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。constrain意為“強(qiáng)迫”；abolish意為“廢除，廢止”；amend意為“改良，修改”；expire意為“(因到期而)失效，到期”。

句意：Leonardo剛剛發(fā)現(xiàn)他的護(hù)照已經(jīng)過(guò)期三個(gè)月了。

4.單選題

Althoughshewrotealotofshortstoriesandpoemswhenshewasveryyoung,（

）shewastwenty-five.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.herfirstrealsuccessdidnotcomeuntil

B.herrealfirstsuccesscameuntilnot

C.sinceherfirstrealsuccessdidnotcomeuntil

D.notuntilherfirstrealsuccess

【答案】A

【解析】句意:雖然她很小的時(shí)候就寫(xiě)了很多短篇小說(shuō)和詩(shī)歌，但直到25歲她才第一次獲得真正的成功。

固定搭配。not...until...表示“直到…才”,故選A。

5.單選題

Lookingathistoryfromouruniqueperspective,we’llnaturally（）thepowerfulexamplesetbytheAmericanRevolution.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.remindthat

B.beremindedthat

C.remindof

D.beremindedof

【答案】D

【解析】固定搭配和語(yǔ)法。根據(jù)空格后“thepowerfulexamplesetbytheAmericanRevolution”，可知這不是一個(gè)句子，所以不需要用that引導(dǎo)。選項(xiàng)A和B可排除。又因?yàn)楣潭ù钆洹皉emindsb.ofsth.”使某人想起……，sb.和remind之前存在被動(dòng)關(guān)系。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

6.單選題

Shetriedtogetacopyofthe（

）,sothatshecouldcookthedishherself.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.menu

B.prescription

C.recipe

D.instruction

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。menu意為“菜單”；prescription意為“處方，藥方”；recipe意為“食譜”；instruction意為“操作指南，指示，命令”。由后半句shecouldcookthedishherself（她可以自己做飯）可知選C。

句意：她試著要一份食譜，這樣她就可以自己做飯了。

7.單選題

Infact,thecountryhasexhibitedconsiderableflexibility,relaxingitspositiononmany_______issues,

includingagriculturalsubsidies.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.surpassing

B.commodious

C.contentious

D.judicable

【答案】C

【解析】surpassing勝過(guò)的,優(yōu)秀的;commodious寬敞的,方便的;contentious有爭(zhēng)議的,訴訟的;judicable應(yīng)受審判的。句意：事實(shí)上,該國(guó)表現(xiàn)出相當(dāng)大的靈活性,在包括農(nóng)業(yè)補(bǔ)貼在內(nèi)的許多有爭(zhēng)議的問(wèn)題上放松了立場(chǎng)。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

8.單選題

WhenImakeapromise,Ialways（）it.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.keep

B.hold

C.catch

D.carry

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定用法。句意：當(dāng)我許下承諾時(shí)，我一定會(huì)信守諾言。keeppromise意為“信守承諾”，所以選項(xiàng)A正確。

9.單選題

Theweedsandtallgrassinthatyardmakethehouselookaslongasithasbeenvacantforquite

A

B

C

D

sometime.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.weeds

B.make

C.look

D.aslongas

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定短語(yǔ)。aslongas意為“只要”，與句意不符，故用asif（好像，似乎）。

句意：院子里的雜草使得這座房子看起來(lái)似乎荒廢了很久。

試題答案：D;asif

10.單選題

Onmanyoccasions,wetendtointerprettheactionsofchildren（）ourownexperienceasanadult.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.forthesakeof

B.onbehalfof

C.intermsof

D.inaccordancewith

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。A選項(xiàng)forthesakeof“為了”；B選項(xiàng)onbehalfof“代表”；C選項(xiàng)intermsof“依據(jù)，在……方面”；D選項(xiàng)inaccordancewith“與……一致”。句意：在很多時(shí)候，我們傾向于依據(jù)自己作為一個(gè)成年人的經(jīng)驗(yàn)來(lái)解釋孩子的行為。根據(jù)空格前后的句意關(guān)系，只有C選項(xiàng)intermsof“依據(jù)，在……方面”符合句意，其他選項(xiàng)意思不對(duì)。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

11.單選題

ThecorporationIheadtookadeepbreathofcleanairlastweekandwentcoldturkey.Smokingonthejobinthehomeofficewasabsolutelyforbidden.Nowweprovideasmokefreeworkingenvironment.Why?

Anythingthatkills350,000Americanseachyeardeservesdecisiveaction,andallthebrawnycowpokesandtawny-hairedsirenscannotblowenoughadvertisingsmoketoobscurethefactthatoneoutofeverysevendeathsinthiscountryislinkedtosmoking.Thecostsrelatedtoitarealsosappingoureconomy.Onerecentreportestimatesthatsmokersutilizethehealth-caresystematleast50percentmorethannonsmokers;theywaste30minuteseachworkdayfumblingwithmatchesandlighters,suckingseductivepoisons.

Still,abancancreateseriouspersonnelproblems.Since25percentofouremployeessmoke,weareofferingthemon-the-jobsmoking-cessationclassesandcounseling.OurmedicalofficeprovidesNicorettes,asugarlesschewinggumformulatedtoeasethephysicalwithdrawalfromnicotine.Mostofour3,000home-office,employeessupportournewpolicy,smokersandnonsmokersalike,butthereisaquerulousminoritythataskswhyweare“discriminatingagainstsmokers.”Wearenot.Ourpolicyaffectsallemployees.Smokersarenotaprotectedclass.Nomatterwhattheirrace,color,religion,sexornationalorigin,theycannotsmokeatwork.

Wearenottryingtodictatepersonallifestyles.Weencourageouremployeestoquitsmokingaltogether,buttheycannotsmokeonthejob.Wesimplycannotaffordtheirhabit.Accordingtoacongressionalstudy,thecosttotheeconomyaverages$65billionannuallyinincreasedmedicalbills,prematuredeathandtimelostfromwork.Andasamajorparticipantinthefieldofhealth-carefinancing,wehaveanobligationtoprovethat,ifproperlyconceived,asmoke-freeworkingenvironmentisattainable.Thisisn’tacrusade.Thisisabusinessdecision.

1.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingistrue?

2.Whichofthefollowingcouldbeinferredfromthepassage?

3.Thepurposeofthisarticleis______.

4.Whichofthefollowingisnotusedbytheauthorasjustificationforregulatingtobaccosmokingonthejob?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Thesmokingemployees,onthewhole,feltuncomfortableaboutthecorporation’srulesthatpermittednosmokingintheworkplace.

B.Thebanoncigarettesmokingwasintroducedatthecompanygraduallyandconditionally.

C.Smokerswereconsideredaquerulousminorityatthemainofficeofthefirm.

D.Smokingwasbannedatthefirm’sheadquartersabruptlyandcompletely.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Cigaretteadvertisinggenerallymakesuseoftheappealofseductiveimages.

B.Cigaretteadvertisingtendstoremindpeopleoftherelationshipbetweensmokingandagoodlife.

C.Cigaretteadvertising,asarule,isdesignedtomisleadnonsmokers.

D.Mostcigaretteadvertisingistargetedatstrongandattractivemenandwomen.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.tocriticizethehabitofcigarettesmokingasahealthhazard

B.toemphasizetheattainabilityofasmokefreeworkingenvironment

C.todefendthepracticeofcontrollingsmokingintheworkplace

D.topresentanargumentformakingsmokingasolelyjob-relatedissue

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Theassumptionthatsmokers,duetotheirtime-consuminghabit,arenotasefficientatworkasnonsmokers.

B.Thenotionthattobaccosmokingseriouslycontaminatestheworkingenvironment.

C.Smoking-relatedhealthproblemsthatcauseprematuredeaths.

D.Thefactthatthenationaleconomyisweakenedbysmoking-relatedcosts.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:B

【解析】1.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干意思是“根據(jù)文章，下列哪一項(xiàng)是正確的？”。文章第一段指出ThecorporationIheadtookadeepbreathofcleanairlastweekandwentcoldturkey.Smokingonthejobinthehomeofficewasabsolutelyforbidden.（我負(fù)責(zé)的公司在上周深吸了一口新鮮空氣，然后就徹底戒掉了吸煙壞習(xí)慣。在家庭辦公室里工作，吸煙是完全禁止的。），根據(jù)wentcoldturkey（快速戒掉壞習(xí)慣）這個(gè)詞語(yǔ)，可以推斷出公司是突然禁止吸煙，故D項(xiàng)“公司總部突然全面禁止吸煙”正確，由此也可知B項(xiàng)“該公司逐步、有條件地實(shí)行了禁煙令”錯(cuò)誤；根據(jù)第三段中的Mostofour3,000home-office,employeessupportournewpolicy,smokersandnonsmokersalike,butthereisaquerulousminoritythataskswhyweare“discriminatingagainstsmokers.”（在我們的3000名家庭辦公室員工中，大多數(shù)人支持我們的新政策，吸煙者和不吸煙者都是一樣的，但有少數(shù)人抱怨說(shuō)，我們?yōu)槭裁匆捌缫曃鼰熣摺?。）可知，關(guān)于公司的禁煙令，包括吸煙者和不吸煙者在內(nèi)，大部分的員工是支持的，只有少數(shù)人有抱怨，這其中可能有吸煙者可能也有不吸煙者，因此A項(xiàng)“總的來(lái)說(shuō)，吸煙的員工對(duì)公司規(guī)定不允許在工作場(chǎng)所吸煙感到不舒服”和C項(xiàng)“在公司的主要辦公室里，吸煙者被認(rèn)為是少數(shù)愛(ài)發(fā)牢騷的人”錯(cuò)誤。因此，該題選擇D項(xiàng)正確。

2.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干意思是“下列哪一項(xiàng)可以從文章中推斷出來(lái)？”。根據(jù)第二段中的Anythingthatkills350,000Americanseachyeardeservesdecisiveaction,andallthebrawnycowpokesandtawny-hairedsirenscannotblowenoughadvertisingsmoketoobscurethefactthatoneoutofeverysevendeathsinthiscountryislinkedtosmoking.（任何每年殺死35萬(wàn)美國(guó)人的事情都應(yīng)該采取果斷的行動(dòng)，所有強(qiáng)壯的牛仔和黃褐色頭發(fā)的迷人的女人都不能充分地鼓吹香煙廣告，來(lái)掩蓋這個(gè)國(guó)家七分之一的死亡與吸煙有關(guān)的事實(shí)。）可以推斷，香煙廣告通常都是以誘人的形象來(lái)展示，故A項(xiàng)“香煙廣告通常利用誘人形象的吸引力”正確；B項(xiàng)“香煙廣告傾向于提醒人們吸煙和美好生活之間的關(guān)系”從文中推斷不出來(lái)；C項(xiàng)“一般來(lái)說(shuō)，香煙廣告是為了誤導(dǎo)不吸煙的人”也不正確，香煙廣告既可能誘導(dǎo)不吸煙者也可能誤導(dǎo)吸煙者；D項(xiàng)“大多數(shù)香煙廣告的目標(biāo)是強(qiáng)壯和有吸引力的男人和女人”顛倒了文章意思。因此，該題選擇A項(xiàng)正確。

3.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】主旨大意題。題干意思是“這篇文章的目的是什么？”。通讀全文可知，文章第一段通過(guò)公司突然禁煙的做法引出了無(wú)煙工作環(huán)境的觀點(diǎn)，第二段闡述了提供無(wú)煙工作環(huán)境的原因，即吸煙的一系列危害，接著第三段講到了公司為了實(shí)行禁令為員工做的一些努力和大多數(shù)員工對(duì)禁令的支持，然后最后一段總結(jié)，吸煙導(dǎo)致的增加的醫(yī)療費(fèi)用、死亡和工作時(shí)間損失都會(huì)給經(jīng)濟(jì)造成一定的損失，所以提供無(wú)煙工作環(huán)境是一個(gè)商業(yè)的決策；綜合全文我們可以推斷出，這篇文章的目的是給“提供無(wú)煙工作環(huán)境”這一策略做辯護(hù)，C項(xiàng)“為在工作場(chǎng)所控制吸煙的做法辯護(hù)”符合題意；A項(xiàng)“批判吸煙的習(xí)慣對(duì)健康有害”和B項(xiàng)“強(qiáng)調(diào)無(wú)煙工作環(huán)境的可獲得性”都是文章的部分內(nèi)容，不足以概括全文；D項(xiàng)“提出一個(gè)關(guān)于讓吸煙成為僅僅是與工作相關(guān)的問(wèn)題的論點(diǎn)”不符合文意。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

4.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“下列哪項(xiàng)不是作者用以作為管制工作期間吸煙的理由？”。由第二段最后兩句Thecostsrelatedtoitarealsosappingoureconomy.Onerecentreportestimatesthatsmokersutilizethehealth-caresystematleast50percentmorethannonsmokers;theywaste30minuteseachworkdayfumblingwithmatchesandlighters,suckingseductivepoisons.（與此相關(guān)的成本也在侵蝕我們的經(jīng)濟(jì)。最近的一份報(bào)告估計(jì)，吸煙者使用醫(yī)療保健系統(tǒng)的人數(shù)至少比不吸煙者多50%；他們每天要浪費(fèi)30分鐘的時(shí)間摸索火柴和打火機(jī)，吸食誘人的毒藥。）以及最后一段中的倒數(shù)第二句Accordingtoacongressionalstudy,thecosttotheeconomyaverages$65billionannuallyinincreasedmedicalbills,prematuredeathandtimelostfromwork.（根據(jù)一項(xiàng)國(guó)會(huì)研究，每年因吸煙而增加的醫(yī)療費(fèi)用、過(guò)早死亡和工作時(shí)間損失給經(jīng)濟(jì)造成的損失平均為650億美元）可知，A項(xiàng)“由于吸煙者耗時(shí)的習(xí)慣，所以在工作效率不如不吸煙者的假設(shè)”、C項(xiàng)“與吸煙有關(guān)的導(dǎo)致過(guò)早死亡的健康問(wèn)題”和D項(xiàng)“與吸煙有關(guān)的成本削弱了國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)的事實(shí)”都是禁止工作期間吸煙的理由；只有B項(xiàng)“吸煙嚴(yán)重污染工作環(huán)境的觀點(diǎn)”沒(méi)有提到。因此，該題選擇B項(xiàng)正確。

12.單選題

E-mailisaconvenient,highlydemocraticinformalmediumforconveyingmessagesthat（

）welltohumanneeds.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.conforms

B.adheres

C.reflects

D.satisfies

【答案】B

【解析】句意:電子郵件是一種方便的、非常大眾化的非正式信息傳遞媒介,它很符合人類(lèi)的需求。

考查動(dòng)詞辨析。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)均為對(duì)應(yīng)動(dòng)詞的三單形式。Conform符合,遵照,常與介詞to或with連用;adhere遵守,堅(jiān)持,粘附;reflect反映,反射,反省;satisfy使?jié)M意,滿(mǎn)足,可作及物動(dòng)詞。故B項(xiàng)無(wú)論從語(yǔ)義還是從搭配上都符合題干要求。

13.翻譯題

Scientistsstudytheworldinwhichwelive.Theydothisbycuriosityandtheycanbecomeexciteduponmakingnoveldiscoveriesandbyfindingmeanstoexplainyetunsolvedquestions.Butscientistsarenormallynotselfish;theyliketosharetheirexcitementwithotherpeople.Theypublishtheirfindingssothatthesebecomewidelyaccessibletoallthoseinterested.

Infact,theycommunicatetheirresultsalsointheirowninterest.Scientistsareeagertotalkwithotherscientistsworkingonthesameandsimilarproblems.Byexchangingresultsandideas,theyhaveabetterchanceofsuccessandtheycanreachtheirgoalmorerapidly.Mostoftentheobjectivesoftheirstudy,beingitinthefieldsofphysics,chemistryorbiology,sharethesamepropertiesanywhereintheworld.ThelawsofnaturearethesameinEuropeandinChina.Forthissimplereasonthedialoguebetweenscientistsdoesnotstopatpoliticalborders.Whereverintheworldascientistfindsacolleagueexploringthesameproblem,anexchangeoftheirknowledgecanhelpthemtoadvancetheirstudies.Forthesereasonsinternationalcollaborationbetweenscientistsisflourishing.

Thereareagreatmanypeoplewhohaveallthematerialconditionsofhappiness,i.e.healthandasufficientincome,andwho,nevertheless,areprofoundlyunhappy.Insuchcasesitwouldseemasifthefaultmustliewithawrongtheoryastohowtolive.Inonesense,wemaysaythatanytheoryastohowtoliveiswrong.Weimagineourselvesmoredifferentfromtheanimalsthanweare.Animalsliveonimpulse,andarehappyaslongasexternalconditionsarefavorable.Ifyouhaveacat,itwillenjoylifeifithasfoodandwarmthandopportunitiesforanoccasionalnightonthetiles.Yourneedsaremorecomplexthanthoseofyoucat,buttheystillhavetheirbasisininstinct.Incivilizedsocieties,especiallyinEnglish-speakingsocieties,thisistooapttobeforgotten.Peopleproposetothemselvessomeparamountobjective,andrestrainallimpulsesthatdonotministertoit.

【答案】科學(xué)家研究我們居住的這個(gè)世界。他們受好奇心驅(qū)使，當(dāng)有新發(fā)現(xiàn)、發(fā)現(xiàn)方法來(lái)解釋那些未解之謎時(shí)他們會(huì)變得興奮?？茖W(xué)家一般都不自私，他們樂(lè)于將喜悅分享給他人。他們將自己的發(fā)現(xiàn)出版，這樣全世界對(duì)此有興趣的人都能接觸到。

事實(shí)上，他們交流結(jié)果也是為了自己?？茖W(xué)家們渴望與其他研究相同和類(lèi)似問(wèn)題的同行交流。通過(guò)交換結(jié)果和想法，他們成功的機(jī)會(huì)更大，能更快達(dá)到目標(biāo)。通常他們研究的目標(biāo)大部分是屬于物理、化學(xué)或者生物領(lǐng)域的，這些在世界上任何地方都有相同的特質(zhì)。歐洲和中國(guó)的自然規(guī)律都是一樣的。正是這個(gè)原因使得科學(xué)家之間的對(duì)話(huà)不會(huì)為政治界限所阻。只要科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)有同行在研究同一個(gè)問(wèn)題，無(wú)論在世界何處，交換各自的知識(shí)就能幫助對(duì)方推進(jìn)研究。由于這些原因，科學(xué)家之間的國(guó)際合作蓬勃發(fā)展。

很多人具備所有快樂(lè)的條件，比如健康以及足夠的收入，但是他們卻并不快樂(lè)。就這種情況來(lái)說(shuō)，似乎問(wèn)題出在生活理論的錯(cuò)誤上。在某個(gè)意義上，我們可以說(shuō)任何關(guān)于生活的理論都是錯(cuò)誤的。我們和動(dòng)物的區(qū)別并沒(méi)有想象中的大。動(dòng)物的生活是沖動(dòng)性的，只要外部條件合適，它們就會(huì)很快樂(lè)。如果你有一只貓，它只要有東西吃，感到暖和，晚上偶爾有機(jī)會(huì)出去玩，它就會(huì)很快樂(lè)。你的需求遠(yuǎn)比你的貓的要復(fù)雜，但還是以本能為基礎(chǔ)的。在文明社會(huì)中，尤其是在講英語(yǔ)的國(guó)家，這一點(diǎn)很容易被人遺忘。人們給自己提出一個(gè)至高無(wú)上的目標(biāo)，并抑制一切不利于實(shí)現(xiàn)這一目標(biāo)的沖動(dòng)。

14.單選題

Everydaytherearereportsof_______thathavebeencommittedagainstinnocentpeople.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.behaviors

B.fixtures

C.subordinates

D.atrocities

【答案】D

【解析】behavior舉止,行為；fixture設(shè)備,固定裝置;subordinate下屬;atrocity暴行，殘暴。句意：每天都有關(guān)于對(duì)無(wú)辜人民實(shí)施暴行的報(bào)道。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

15.單選題

Shewasextremely（）,alwaysreadytoagreewithotherpeople’swishes.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.mellow

B.supple

C.adaptable

D.obstinate

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)mellow“圓潤(rùn)的，柔和的；成熟的；芳醇的”；B選項(xiàng)supple“柔軟的；靈活的；順從的；易彎曲的；逢迎的”；C選項(xiàng)adaptable“適合的；能適應(yīng)的；可修改的”；D選項(xiàng)obstinate“頑固的；倔強(qiáng)的；難以控制的”。句意：她是非常能適應(yīng)的，總是準(zhǔn)備著去贊同別人的愿望。結(jié)合此處句意，C選項(xiàng)正確。

16.單選題

（）itornot,Manchesterwasthehomeofthemostproductivecottonmillsintheworld.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Believe

B.Believing

C.Tobelieve

D.Believed

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞用法。believeitornot其實(shí)是口語(yǔ)里常用的句子，是個(gè)省略的句子，完整表達(dá)為(Whetheryou)believeitornot。A選項(xiàng)正確。

17.單選題

Themedicine（

）hispainbutdidnotcurehisillness.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.activated

B.alleviated

C.mediated

D.deteriorated

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。activate“刺激，激活”；mediate“調(diào)?！?；deteriorate“惡化”，alleviate“減輕”。句意：這種藥物減輕了他的痛苦，但是沒(méi)有治愈他。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

18.單選題

Thelocalpeoplewerejoyfullysurprisedtofindthepricesofvegetablesnolonger（）accordingtotheweather.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.evaluated

B.converted

C.fluctuated

D.modified

【答案】C

【解析】evaluated評(píng)估，估價(jià)；converted轉(zhuǎn)變，改變；fluctuated波動(dòng)；modified修改。句意：當(dāng)?shù)厝税l(fā)現(xiàn)蔬菜的價(jià)格不再隨天氣而波動(dòng)，感到非常高興和驚訝。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

19.單選題

Wemustalsounderstandhowto（）betweenwhatshouldberememberedandwhatshouldbeforgotten.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.differentiate

B.distinct

C.disengage

D.entangle

【答案】A

【解析】形近異義詞解析。differentiate“區(qū)別，區(qū)分”；distinct“明顯的”；disengage“使脫離，解開(kāi)”，entangle“使糾纏，卷人”。句意：我們必須明白將需要記住的事和需要忘掉的事區(qū)分開(kāi)來(lái)。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

20.單選題

AreportsubmittedtotheUnitedStatesCongressin1971emphaticallyrecommendeda（）nationalefforttoadoptmetricsystem.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.concerted

B.representative

C.respective

D.spontaneous

【答案】D

【解析】concerted協(xié)調(diào)的,協(xié)定的；representative典型的；respective分別的,各自的；spontaneous

自發(fā)的,無(wú)意識(shí)的。句意：1971年提交給美國(guó)國(guó)會(huì)的一份報(bào)告著重建議各國(guó)自發(fā)地努力采用公制系統(tǒng)。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

21.單選題

IthinkIwasatschool,（

）IwasstayingwithafriendduringthevacationwhenIheardthenews.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.orelse

B.andthen

C.orso

D.evenso

【答案】A

【解析】詞組辨析題。A選項(xiàng)；B選項(xiàng)andthen“于是，然后”;C選項(xiàng)orso“大約”;D選項(xiàng)evenso“雖然如此，即使如此”。根據(jù)句意‘當(dāng)聽(tīng)到這個(gè)消息時(shí)，我應(yīng)該是在學(xué)校，……在和朋友度假。’應(yīng)該是表示選擇，所以A選項(xiàng)orelse“否則,要不然”符合邏輯，正確。

22.單選題

Herefusedto___thathewasdefeated.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.burlesque

B.conceive

C.acknowledge

D.probe

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)burlesque“模仿嘲弄；取笑”；B選項(xiàng)conceive“懷孕；構(gòu)思；以為；持有”；C選項(xiàng)acknowledge“承認(rèn)；答謝；報(bào)償；告知已收到”；D選項(xiàng)probe“探查；用探針探測(cè)”。句意：他拒絕___自己被打敗了。本句表達(dá)“拒絕承認(rèn)被打敗”。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

23.單選題

Forpeoplewithdisabilitiesrecentimprovementshavemadethetheatrefully（

）bywheel-chair.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.accessible

B.available

C.pertinent

D.transparent

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)accessible“易接近的；可進(jìn)入的”；B選項(xiàng)available“可獲得的；有空的”；C選項(xiàng)pertinent“恰當(dāng)?shù)?；切題的”；D選項(xiàng)transparent“透明的；顯然的”。句意：對(duì)于殘疾人來(lái)說(shuō)，最近的改進(jìn)使劇院完全可以由輪椅······。此處涉及“劇院”和“輪椅”，顯然A選項(xiàng)符合邏輯。

24.單選題

Advanceinsciencemoreoftenthannotencounterspowerfulopposition,（）Darwin’sTheoryofEvolution.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.aswasthecasewith

B.suchasthecaseof

C.asitdidwith

D.asinthecaseof

【答案】A

【解析】考查as的用法。as在句中是關(guān)系代詞，引導(dǎo)非限定性定語(yǔ)從句，經(jīng)常用于asis/wasthecasewith結(jié)構(gòu)中，用具體事例說(shuō)明主句的概括和結(jié)論。句意：科學(xué)的進(jìn)步往往遭到強(qiáng)烈的反對(duì)，達(dá)爾文的進(jìn)化論便是如此。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

25.單選題

Inthefuturethelittleprivacywenowhavewillbegone.Somepeoplecallthislossofprivacy’’Orwellian"，harkingbackto1984.GeorgeOrwell’sclassicworkonprivacyandautonomy.Inthatbook,Orwellimaginedafutureinwhichatotalitarianstateusedspies,videosurveillance,andcontroloverthemediatomaintainitspower.Buttheageofmonolithicstatecontrolisover.Thefuturewe'rerushingtowardisn'toneinwhichoureverymoveiswatchedandrecordedbyanall-knowngovernment.Itisinsteadafutureofahundredelectronicmonitorswhoconstantlywatchandinterruptourdailylives,andwherethreatstoprivacyfindtheirrootsinthefreemarket,advancedtechnology,andtheunbridledexchangeofelectronicinformation.

Theproblemwiththeword"privacy"’isthatitfallsshortofconveyingthereallybigpicture.Privacyisn'tjustabouthidingthings.It’saboutself-possession,autonomy,andintegrity.Aswemoveintothecomputerizedworldofthe21century,privacywillbeoneofourmostimportantcivilrights.Butthisrightofprivacyisn'ttherightofpeopletoclosetheirdoorsandpulldowntheirwindowshades-perhapsbecausetheywanttoengageinsomesortofillicitorillegalactivity.It’stherightofpeopletocontrolwhichdetailsabouttheirlivesstayinsidetheirownhousesandwhichleaktotheoutside.

Today'swaronprivacyisintimatelyrelatedtotherecentdramaticadvancesintechnology.Manypeopletodaysaythatinordertoenjoythebenefitsofmodemsociety,wemustnecessarilyrelinquishsomedegreeofprivacy.Ifwewanttheconvenienceofpayingforamealbycreditcard,thenwemustaccepttheroutinecollectionofourpurchasesinalargedatabaseoverwhichwehavenocontrol.

Thistrade-offisbothunnecessaryandwrong.Itremindsmeofanothercrisisoursocietyfacedbackinthefiftiesandsixties-theenvironmentalcrisis.Then,advocatesofbigbusinesssaidthatpoisonedriversandlakeswerethenecessarycostsofeconomicdevelopment,jobs,andanimprovedstandardofliving.Poisonwasprogress:anybodywhoarguedotherwisesimplydidn’tunderstandthefacts.

Todayweknowbetter.Todayweknowthatsustainableeconomicdevelopmentdependsonpreservingtheenvironment.Similarly,inordertoreapthebenefitsoftechnology.Itismoreimportantthaneverforustousetechnologytoprotectpersonalfreedom.

1.Thepassageindicatesthatprivacyis（

）.

2.Inline18,theunderlined”degree”mostnearlymeans

（

）.

3.Lines18-20("Ifwecontrol”)primarilyserveto

（

）.

4.Thestatementsinlines24-25(’’poison"facts”)isintendedtorepresentthepointofviewof

（

）.

5.Thepassageconcludesbysuggestingthatiftechnologyistohaveapositiveeffectonpeople’slives,then

（

）.

6.Theauthorsupportstheideathatprivacycanbeprotected（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.lessvaluedbypeoplethanitoncewas

B.difficulttomaintaininthecontemporaryworld

C.necessaryforindividualfreedom

D.astumblingblocktoeconomicgrowth

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.stage

B.sequence

C.measure

D.standing

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.introduceanadditionalpoint

B.discourageacourseofaction

C.questionadecision

D.illustrateaprecedingstatement

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.bigbusiness

B.environment

C.theauthor

D.thepublic

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.individualrightsmustbeexpanded

B.protectivemeasuresmustbetaken

C.technologicaladvancesmustbesupported

D.furtherresearchmustbefound

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A.atamodestcosttomostbusiness

B.withthehelpofnewtechnologies

C.withoutgivingupvaluedservices

D.throughappropriategovernmentinterventions

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:C

第6題:B

【解析】1.文章第一句提到在未來(lái)，我們現(xiàn)在擁有的隱私都會(huì)消失（Inthefuturethelittleprivacywenowhavewillbegone.），未來(lái)將會(huì)有100臺(tái)電子監(jiān)視器不斷監(jiān)視和干擾我們的日常生活，對(duì)隱私的威脅根源于自由市場(chǎng)、先進(jìn)的科學(xué)技術(shù)和電子信息交流（Itisinsteadafutureofahundredelectronicmonitorswhoconstantlywatchandinterruptourdailylives,andwherethreatstoprivacyfindtheirrootsinthefreemarket,advancedtechnology,andtheunbridledexchangeofelectronicinformation）。選項(xiàng)B“隱私在當(dāng)代世界很難維持”符合題意。

2.題干中的單詞出現(xiàn)在文章第三段第二句話(huà)Manypeopletodaysaythatinordertoenjoythebenefitsofmodemsociety,wemustnecessarilyrelinquishsomedegreeofprivacy（今天很多人說(shuō)，為了享受現(xiàn)代社會(huì)的好處，我們必須放棄一定……隱私），由some這個(gè)詞可以推測(cè)這里指的是“一定程度上的隱私”。選項(xiàng)C符合題意，表示“程度；測(cè)量”。

3.文章第三段最后一句話(huà)Ifwewanttheconvenienceofpayingforamealbycreditcard,thenwemustaccepttheroutinecollectionofourpurchasesinalargedatabaseoverwhichwehavenocontrol提到如果我們想要用信用卡支付餐費(fèi)的方便，那么我們必須在一個(gè)我們無(wú)法控制的大型數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)中接受日常的采購(gòu)收集。這個(gè)具體的例子是為了說(shuō)明前文提到的“為了享受一些權(quán)益，我們必須放棄一定程度上的隱私”（Manypeopletodaysaythatinordertoenjoythebenefitsofmodemsociety,wemustnecessarilyrelinquishsomedegreeofprivacy）。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

4.文章倒數(shù)第二段最后兩句話(huà)提到大企業(yè)的擁護(hù)者認(rèn)為有毒的河流和湖泊是經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)必須的代價(jià)。毒藥就是進(jìn)步：那些反對(duì)的人是不了解這個(gè)事實(shí)（Then,advocatesofbigbusinesssaidthatpoisonedriversandlakeswerethenecessarycostsofeconomicdevelopment,jobs,andanimprovedstandardofliving.Poisonwasprogress:anybodywhoarguedotherwisesimplydidn’tunderstandthefact）。所以可以知道關(guān)于“毒藥”這些觀點(diǎn)是一些大企業(yè)的觀點(diǎn)，選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

5.文章最后一段提到可持續(xù)的發(fā)展取決于保護(hù)環(huán)境。為了從技術(shù)那獲得好處，利用技術(shù)來(lái)保護(hù)個(gè)人自由比以往任何時(shí)候更重要，因此，選項(xiàng)C“先進(jìn)的技術(shù)必須得到支持”符合題意。

6.文章中提到今天的隱私戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)是由科學(xué)技術(shù)的發(fā)展引起的，也提到可以通過(guò)利用一些技術(shù)來(lái)保護(hù)隱私，選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

26.單選題

Amarketiscommonlythoughtofasaplacewherecommoditiesareboughtandsold.ThusfruitandvegetablesaresoldwholesaleatCoventGardenMarketandmeatissoldwholesaleatSmithfieldMarket.Buttherearemarketsforthingsotherthancommodities,intheusualsense.Thereare（1）estatemarkets,foreignexchangemarkets,andsoon;theremaybeamarketforanythingwhichhasaprice.Andtheremaybenoparticularplacetowhichdealingsareconfined.Buyersandsellersmaybe（2）overthewholeworldandinsteadofactuallymeetingtogetherinamarket-placeandtheymaydealwithoneanotherbytelephone,telegram,cableorletter.（3）dealingsarerestrictedtoaparticularplace,thedealersmayconsistwhollyorinpartofagents（4）instructionsfromclientsfaraway.ThusagentsbuymeatatSmithfieldonbehalfofretailbutchersalloverEngland;and（5）ontheLondonStockExchangebuyandsellsafetiesoninstructionsfromclientsallovertheworld.Wemusttherefore（6）amarketasanyareaoverwhichbuyersandsellersareinsuchclosetouchwithoneanother,eitherdirectlyorthrough（7）,thatthepricesobtainableinonepartofthemarketaffectthepricespaidinotherparts.

Modern（8）ofcommunicationaresorapidthatabuyercandiscoverwhatpriceasellerisasking,andcanacceptitifhewishes,althoughhemaybethousandsofmilesaway.Thusthemarketforanythingis,（9）,thewholeworld.Butinfactthingshave,normally,onlyalocalornationalmarket.

Thismaybebecausenearlythewholedemandisconcentratedinonelocality.Thesespeciallocaldemands,（10）,areofquiteminorimportance.Themainreasonwhymanythingshavenotaworldmarketisthattheyarecostlyordifficulttotransport.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.true

B.genuine

C.real

D.actual

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.scattered

B.separated

C.spread

D.dispelled

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Though

B.Unless

C.When

D.Evenif

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.actingfor

B.actingout

C.actingon

D.actingup

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.brokers

B.breakers

C.bribers

D.braziers

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A.deduce

B.define

C.determine

D.decide

問(wèn)題7選項(xiàng)

A.producers

B.managers

C.dealers

D.customers

問(wèn)題8選項(xiàng)

A.way

B.method

C.approach

D.means

問(wèn)題9選項(xiàng)

A.definitely

B.potentially

C.incidentally

D.readily

問(wèn)題10選項(xiàng)

A.furthermore

B.however

C.therefore

D.then

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:A

第6題:B

第7題:C

第8題:D

第9題:B

第10題:B

【解析】1.考查詞組搭配。realestate是房地產(chǎn)的意思，true，genuine，actual均不能和estate連用。句意：有房地產(chǎn)市場(chǎng)、外匯市場(chǎng)等等。因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

2.考查近義詞辨析。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)都有“分開(kāi)、分散”的意思，A選項(xiàng)scattered指散布在各處，和over連用；B選項(xiàng)separated指把兩個(gè)人或物分開(kāi)，著重從原屬一個(gè)整體中移出一部分或把兩者隔開(kāi)；C選項(xiàng)spread指一直延伸、蔓延，側(cè)重遍及；D選項(xiàng)dispelled指驅(qū)散，驅(qū)逐。句意：買(mǎi)方和賣(mài)方可能分散在世界各地。因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

3.考查連詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)Though“盡管”；B選項(xiàng)Unless“除非”；C選項(xiàng)When“當(dāng)……的時(shí)候”；D選項(xiàng)Evenif“即使”。句意：即使交易被限制在一個(gè)特定的地方。因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

4.考查動(dòng)詞搭配辨析。A選項(xiàng)actingfor“代理”；B選項(xiàng)actingout“付諸行動(dòng)”；C選項(xiàng)actingon“按照……行事”；D選項(xiàng)actingup“出毛病”。句意：按照指示行事。因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

5.考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)brokers“經(jīng)紀(jì)人，中間人”；B選項(xiàng)breakers“打破者”；C選項(xiàng)bribers“行賄者”；D選項(xiàng)braziers“銅匠”。句意：倫敦證券交易所的經(jīng)紀(jì)人。因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

6.考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)deduce“推斷”；B選項(xiàng)define“定義”；C選項(xiàng)determine“下決心”；D選項(xiàng)decide“決定”。句意：定義市場(chǎng)。因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

7.考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)producers“生產(chǎn)者”；B選項(xiàng)managers“經(jīng)理”；C選項(xiàng)dealers“經(jīng)銷(xiāo)商”；D選項(xiàng)customers“顧客”。句意：通過(guò)經(jīng)銷(xiāo)商相互密切接觸。因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

8.考查近義詞辨析。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)都有“方法”的意思，A選項(xiàng)way可指一般的方法，有時(shí)也指?jìng)€(gè)人的方法或方式；B選項(xiàng)method指有系統(tǒng)、有條理地辦事或解決問(wèn)題的方法；C選項(xiàng)approach指從事某事的特別方法、途徑；D選項(xiàng)means指為達(dá)到某種目的或目標(biāo)而采用的方法、手段或途徑。句意：現(xiàn)代通訊手段。因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

9.考查副詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)definitely“肯定地”；B選項(xiàng)potentially“可能地”；C選項(xiàng)incidentally“偶然地”；D選項(xiàng)readily“容易地”。句意：是任何東西的市場(chǎng)都有可能是整個(gè)世界。因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

10.考查副詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)furthermore“此外”；B選項(xiàng)however“然而”；C選項(xiàng)therefore“因此”；D選項(xiàng)then“那么”。句意：然而這些特殊的局部需求并不重要。因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

27.單選題

Thesimplestanimalsarethosewhosebodiesaresimplestinstructureandwhichdothethingsdonebyalllivinganimals,suchaseating,breathing,movingandfeeling,inthemost（

）way.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.bizarre

B.primitive

C.advantageous

D.unique

【答案】B

【解析】bizarre奇異的；primitive原始的,簡(jiǎn)單的；advantageous有利的,有益的；unique獨(dú)一無(wú)二的。句意:最簡(jiǎn)單的動(dòng)物是那些身體結(jié)構(gòu)單一的動(dòng)物,它們以最原始的方式做所有動(dòng)物都做的事情,如吃、呼吸、活動(dòng)和感知。選項(xiàng)B符合語(yǔ)境。

28.單選題

MurovyovkaNaturePark,aprivatenaturereserve,istheresultofthevisionanddeterminationofoneman,SergeiSmirenski.TheMoscowUniversityProfessorhasgainedthesupportofinternationalfundsaswellaslocalofficials,businessmenandCollectivefarms.

Thankstohisefforts,theagriculturalprojectisalsounderwaytocreateanexperimentalfarmtoteachlocalfarmershowtofarmwithoutthetraditionallyheavyuseofpesticidesandchemicalfertilizers.TwoWisconsinfarmers,DonandEllenPadley,spentlastsummerpreparinglandinTanbovkadistrict,wheretheparkislocated，andtheywillreturnthissummertoplantit.

SpecialistsfromtheUniversityofUtahalsocametostudythelocalcattleindustry,lookingtodeveloppossibilitiesforbeefexportstoJapan.

Separately,10NewJerseyschoolteacherswillspendthesummerinthedistrictrunningsummercampsforthelocalchildrenthatwillstressfieldtripsandlecturesonthenaturearoundthem.

Theseprograms,particularlytheagriculturalproject,aregettingsomesupportfromtheUnitedStates,includingfundingfromtheMacArthurFoundation,theRockefellerBrothersFund,andtheUSAgencyforInternationalDevelopment.TheTrustforMutualUnderstandingandtheWeedierFoundationarealsosupportingtheInternationalCraneFoundation'sworkincreatingthepark.

TheWorldBankisfundingasmallprojecttostudythepossibilitiesforecotourismintheAinubasinregion.DeltaDreamVacations,aDeltaAirlinessubsidiary,islookingintoflightstoKhabarovskandVladivostokforecologytours,withsomeofthemoneygoingtosupportthezapovedniks(totallywildpreservesusedonlyforscientificresearch)intheregion.

ButthismoneyhasalsogeneratedajealousattemptbythelocalwildlifeservicetoblocktheMurovyovkaproject.

Theysaid,"Giveustheirmoney,andwe'lldoitbetter,"Smirenskisays.Theywenttothelocalcourttogetacourtordertohaltthecontract.Althoughtheyweresuccessful