2020屆河北衡水中學(xué)高三英語(yǔ)一模試卷及參考答案

2020屆河北衡水中學(xué)高三英語(yǔ)一模試卷及參考答案第一部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)AYoumightnotexpectit,butcowsarealargesourceofthegreenhousegasesthataredrivingclimatechange.Cowsproducelotsofmethanebybreakingdownthegrass,Nowscientistshaveshownthatthepollutionfromcowscanbereducedbyaddingalittleseaweedtotheirfood.Scientistsfirstdiscoveredthatseaweedcouldhelpcontrolmethanefromcowsseveralyearsago.Butthisworkwasdoneinalaboratory,thereweremanyquestionsaboutwhethertheideacouldworkinreallife.Inthelabstudies,thecowsweregivenquiteabitofseaweed,andtheywouldcauselosingweight.Thatwasn'thelpful,sincecowsareoftensoldbyweight.Italsowasn'tcleariftheseaweedwouldstopworkingifitwasusedforalongerperiodoftime.Now,scientistsfromtheUniversityofCalifornia,Davishaveansweredseveralofthesequestions.Theresearchersstudied21cowsonafarmforaboutfivemonths.Theytaughtthecowstogettheirfoodfrominsideaspecialhood,whichallowedthescientiststomeasurethemethanethatthecowsweregivingoff.Thistime,theyusedamuchsmalleramountofseaweed,whichtheymixedwiththecows'food.Theresultsweresurprisinglygood.Insomecases,thecowsproduced82%lessmethane.Theimprovementdependedonthekindoffoodthecowsweregiven,buteventheworst-pollutingcowsproduced33%lessmethane.Overthefivemonths,thescientistsdidn'tseeanysignsthatthecows'stomachsweregettingusedtotheseaweedandstartingtoproducemoremethaneagain.Anothersurprisecamewhentheylookedattheweightofthecows.Thecowsthatwerefedseaweedgainedjustasmuchweightastheothercows,buttheydidn'tneedasmuchfood.Buttherearestillsomebigproblemswiththeideaoffeedingcowsseaweed.Foronething,there'snotadequateseaweedtofeedallofthecowsintheworld.Sofarmerswouldhavetofigureoutawaytogrowlotsofseaweed.Abiggerproblemisthatformostoftheirlives,cowsliveinfields,wheretheyeatthegrass.Thatmeansthere'snochancetofeedthemseaweedeveryday.Theseproblemsneedtobetakenseriouslyiftheworldisgoingtoavoidtheworsteffectsoftheclimatecrisis.Still,it'struethatsomethingassimpleasfeedingcowsseaweedcanhelpreducesomeofthepollutioncausingtheclimatecrisis.Whydidthescientistsdotheexperimentonthefarm?Tocontroltheamountofseaweed.B.Torecordtheweightcowsgained.C.Toconfirmtheeffectofseaweedinreallife.D.Tomeasuretheamountofseaweedcowsale.Theunderlinedword“adequate”monB.specialC.lackingD.enoughThepassageiswrittento.appealtopeoplenottoraisethecowsB.encouragepeopletoplanttheseaweedC.remindpeopleofcontrollingcows'weightD.callonpeopletotakeactionstoreducethepollutionBMarkTwain,thefamousAmericanwriter,wasoncetravelinginFrance.HewentbytraintoDijon.Hewasverytiredandwantedtosleep.HethereforeaskedtheconductortowakehimupwhenthetraincametoDijon.Butfirstheexplainedhewasaveryheavysleeper,"lmaypossiblyprotest（抗議）loudlywhenyoutrytowakemeup,”hesaidtotheconductor.“Butdon'ttakeanynoticeofwhatIsay.Justputmeoffthetrainanyway.”ThenMarkTwainwenttosleep.Later,whenhewokeupitwasnighttimeandthetrainhadreachedParisalready.HerealizedatoncethattheconductorhadforgottentowakehimupatDijon.Hewassoangrythatherantotheconductorandbegantoshoutathim.“l(fā)haveneverbeensoangryinmylife,”MarkTwainsaid.Theconductorlookedathimcalmly（平靜地）."YouarenothalfsoangryastheAmericanwhomIputoffthetrainatDijon,”hesaid.MarkTwainknewthathewasaheavysleeper,so.heprotestedloudlytotheconductorhedidnotsleepbeforehearrivedinDijonhetoldtheconductortowakehimupnomatterhowloudlyhemightprotesthesleptlightlythattimeTheconductordidn'twakeupMarkTwainatDijonbecause.hedidn'ttakeMarkTwain'swordsseriouslyheforgotMarkTwain'swordswhenthetraincametoDijonhedidnotwanttobearhisprotestD.hemistookanotherAmericantravelerforMarkTwainTheAmericanwhomtheconductorputoffthetrain.didnotwanttogetoffatDijonwantedtogetoffatPariswantedtogetoffatDijondidnotwanttogetoffatParisWhichofthefollowingisTRUE?Theconductordidn'ttakeMarkTwain'swordsseriously.TheconductordidtakeMarkTwain'swordsseriously.Theconductorwasaheavysleeper.MarkTwainmustgetoffatParis.CGuangzhououtbreaklinkedtostrainsinIndiaThegenesequencingoftheCOVID-19outbreakinGuangzhou.Guangdongprovince,indicatesitisverysimilarinstructuretothemutatedstrainsdetectedinIndia,aseniorhealthofficialfromthecitysaidonSunday.“Andithasthecharacteristicofquickspread.”ChenBin,deputydirectorofthecity'shealthcommission,saidatanewsconferenceinGuangzhouonSunday.Sheurgedrelevantdepartmentsandmedicalstafftoactquicklytoblockthechainofinfectionandcontrolthespreadofthecoronavirusinthesouthernmetropolis.ZhangZhoubin,deputydirectoroftheGuangzhoucenterfordiseasecontrolandprevention,saidthestrainofcoronavirusspreadseasily.“Theviruscanbespreadthroughamealorthroughashortperiodofindirectcontact,”hesaid.Thecityreportedfiveconfirmedeasesand21asymptomaticcarriersasof2pmSundayafterthefirstconfinnedcasewasdetectedinthecity'sLiwandistrictonMay21,Chensaid.Topreventthevirusfromspreading,thecitygovernmenttighteneditsdiseasecontrolandpreventionmeasuresovertheweekend.Sixcommunitiesandhousingestatespreviouslydesignatedaslow-riskareaswereraisedtomedium-riskones,Chensaid.Inadditiontoaskinglocalresidentstogetvaccinated,thecityhasorganizednucleicacidtestinginHaizhuandYuexiudistrictsstartingfromSunday.ResidentsinspecificareasofTianhe,BaiyunandPanyudistrictshavealsobeenrequiredtotakenucleicacidteststoexpandthescreeningofsuspectedpatientsandasymptomaticcarriers.Liwanpreviouslyrequiredallitsresidentstotakenucleicacidtests.AsofSaturday,morethan2-25millionresidentsofthecityhavehadsamplescollectedfornucleicacidtests,Chensaid.Morethan10,000medicalworkersfromtheentirecityhavebeensenttoLiwantohelpvaccinatelocalsagainstCOVID-19andcollectsamplesfornucleicacidtesting.DengWenjun,directorofcirculationsectionwithGuangzhouSupplyandMarketingCooperative,saidtherearesufficientsuppliesoffoodanddailynecessitiesinthemedium-riskareas.WhatisthecharacteristicoftheCOVID-19whichbrokeoutinGuangzhou?Itdisappearsquickly.B.Itspreadsfast.C.Ithasalottodowithtemperature.D.Ithasthesamenatureastheseasonalflu.Whichdistricthaveresidentswhohavenotbeenrequiredtotakenucleicacidtests?Tianhe.B.Haizhu.C.Panyu.D.Zengcheng.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?Theviruscanhardlybespreadthroughashortperiodofindirectcontact.Thereare21symptomaticcarriersintheLiwandistrictasof2pmSunday.AllthepeoplelivinginLiwandistrictarcpreviouslyaskedtotakenucleicacidtests.D.Suppliesoffoodanddailynecessitiesinthemedium-riskareasarcstillnotenough.Wherecanyouprobablyfindthisarticle?A.Onanewswebsite.B.Inafashionmagazine.C.Inahistorybook.D.Inatraveljournal.DAtfirstglance,thereisnothingunusualaboutBingoBox'sconveniencestore-shelvespackedwithsnackslinethewalls,attractingpassers-bythroughtheglasswindows.Butuponcloserlook,BingoBoxisnoordinarystore.Thedoorunlocksonlyaftercustomersscan（掃描）aQRcodetoenter,andthereisnocashier—justalonecheckoutcounter（柜臺(tái)）inacorner.TheShanghai-basedcompanyisoneofmanyunmannedstoreoperators（運(yùn)營(yíng)者）openingoutletsalloverChina,hopingtoimproveslimprofitbyreducingstaffcosts.“Ifstaffcostsrisequickly,thatputsgreaterpressureonlow-profitbusinesseslikeconveniencestoresandsupermarkets,”saidAndrewSong,ananalystatGuotaiJunanSecurities.“InChina,manpowercostshavebeenrisinglyquickly.”However,thefuturevisionofshoppingwithoutacheck-outpersonisstillaworkinprogress.APostreporterwhovisitedaBingoBoxstoreinShanghaiwasbrieflylockedinwhentryingtoexitwithoutbuyinganything.Althoughasignneartheexitstatedthatempty-handedcustomerscanleavebyscanningaQRcode,noQRcodewastobefound.Repeatedcallstothecustomerservicehotlinewentunanswered.Theideaofunmannedstoresfirstcaughttheworld'sattentioninDecemberlastyear.EquippedwithtechnologysuchasRFIDtags,mobilepaymentsystemsandfacialandmovementrecognition,suchstorescollectlargeamountsofdatathatgiveoperatorsabetterideaofconsumerpreferencesandbuyinghabits,whichcanthenbeusedtooptimize（使最優(yōu)化）operationsandmakemoreefficientinventorydecisions.ForcompanieslikeBingoBox,loweroperatingcostsalsomeanitcanaffordtoexpanditsreachtoareaswithlessfoottrafficorfewerpeople,accordingtoitsfounderandchiefexecutiveChenZilin.WhatmakesBingoBoxstorelooklikeanordinaryconveniencestore?A.Nocashiertocheckout.Alonecheckoutcounter.Shelvespackedwithgoods.EnteringbyscanningaQRcode.Whyareunmannedstorespopularwithoperators?A.Thecustomersprefermobilepaymentsystems.Theunmannedstoreshelpimproveprofitwithlowerlaborcosts.Theemployeesfocusonconsumerpreferencesandbuyinghabits.Theoperatorscaremoreaboutoperationsandinventorydecisions.Whyisthereporter'scasementionedinthepassage?A.Toshowhisangeranddissatisfaction.TowarnpeoplenottogotoaBingoBoxstore.Toexplainunmannedstoresstillhavealongwaytogo.TocomplainthatQRcodeserviceisnotconvenientatall..WhatcanweinferfromthechiefexecutiveChenZilin?A.Nowadaysallstoresshouldbeequippedwithadvancedtechnology.Theoperatorscollectdataaboutconsumerpreferencesandbuyinghabits.BingoBoxmadewiserdecisionsbasedonthedatacollectedinthoseunmannedstores.Theoperatorscanopenunmannedsupermarketsinmoredistantplaceswithlowcost.第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)Doyouwanttocreatemoresuccessfulwritings?Perhapsyoucanbenefitfromthefollowingsuggestionsonexcellentwriting.Youneedtime.Alotofsmartpeoplelietothemselveslike,“Ifinishmytaskbestatthelastminute.”Infact,it'snottrue.___16___Sure,youaresmart,butyoustillneedtohavesomepressure.Forexample,ifyouareworkingonanimportanttopic,whydoyouthinkthatyoucanwritewellatmidnightjustbeforetheconference?Writingcanbeamiracleifyouaregivenenoughtime.Writingrequirespractice.___17___Wouldyoudonothingbeforerunningamarathon?Noyouwouldpracticerunninggraduallytomakeyourbodystronger.Inordertobecomeawriter,youneedtowrite.Writeatthebesttime.Ihappentobeamorningperson,soIwriteearlyintheday.ThenIspendtherestofmydayteachingorhavingmeetings.___18______19___Or,atleast,theyarenotcorrecttosomeextent.Nearlyallofthebestscholarsarechangedbytheirexperiencesindoingresearchandwritingaboutit.Theylearnbydoing,andsometimeswhattheylearnisthattheywerewrong.Reviseyourwritingagainandagain.Haveotherpeoplelookatit.Youneedtoovercomeafearofrefusal.___20___Thedifferencebetweenasuccessfulscholarandafailedoneisaboutwhoisbetteratwritingandrevising.A.Notallofyourthoughtsareinfluential.Nooneworksbetterwithtimerunningout.Yougetbetterandfasterthroughexercise.Exchangepaperswithpeersoraninstructor.Yourfirstthoughtsareoftenwrong.Makesureyousaveyourmostproductivetimeforwriting.Nobody'sfirstdrafts（草稿）aregood.第二部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)Ifyouhavestrongarmsandfeet,patienceandagoodtemper,youmight___21___agoodwaiter.Youmuststart,___22___,notintherestaurant,butinthekitchen,helpingthechef,tolearnhoweachdishis___23___.Fromthisfirststep,youmayentertherestaurant___24___a''commis''（廚助）.Butyouwon'tbe___25___toservethecustomersyet.Theywillonlyletyoudothebottomedjobs,___26___thetablesandcarryingtheplates.Butallthetimeyoumustwatchandlearnwith___27___.Lateryoumaybecome''chefderang''(awaiterinchargeofanumberoftables).Youmayevenbecomeaheadwaiter___28___,ifyouhavetherightsortofpersonalityandyouarenot___29___ofhardwork.WhenCarloBianchifirstarrivedinLondon,hespokeonlytwowordsofEnglish-''please''and''Hello''.He30togetajobhelpinginthekitchenofarestaurant,andhespentwhatlittle31timehehadlearningEnglish.Hewasagoodworkerandsoonthey32himajobintherestaurantasawaiter.Everynight,Carlo33togohomeexhausted,butnevertoo34tostudythelanguageforhalfanhourbeforegoingtosleep.Andnomatterhowtiredorillhefelt,healwaysworea35forhiscustomers.Theylikedhim,andpeoplecameandaskedtobe36byCarlo.Now,twenty-fiveyearslater,Carloisin37ofsixrestaurants,andhe38toopenaseventhshortly.Sofriends,inthisworldsuccessnevercomesovernight.Startfromthe39andmakeprogressstepbystepwithenoughpatienceand40____chanceswillfalluponyou.21.A.makeB.createC.replaceD.choose22.A.otherwiseB.thereforeC.thusD.however23.A.commentedB.tastedC.preparedD.chosen24.A.asB.forC.withD.to25.A.forcedB.allowedC.bannedD.urged26.A.movingB.layingC.pushingD.placing27.A.curiosityB.kindnessC.patienceD.interest28.A.simplyB.speciallyC.exactlyD.eventually29.A.afraidB.ashamedC.fondD.typical30.A.managedB.attemptedC.predictedD.expected31.A.tightB.usefulC.spareD.busy32.A.threwB.foundC.sentD.donated33.A.usedB.promisedC.regrettedD.remembered34.A.depressedB.excitedC.worriedD.tired35.A.smileB.faceC.color1D.surprise36.A.servedB.approvedC.praisedD.treated37.A.favorB.needC.possessionD.support38.A.hesitatesB.schedulesC.hurriesD.fails

39.A.easiestB.slowestC.simplest39.A.easiestB.slowestC.simplestD.lowestA.afterallB.intimeC.InawordD.aboveall第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1?5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式MyfriendhadachancetomakeatriptoHongKong___41.___August15,2011.Hehaddreamedabout___42.___(visit)sincehisboyhoodandit___43.___(be)thefirsttimethathehadbeenthere.Thefollowingwas___44.___hehadseen.Arrivingthere,hewas___45.___(impress)byitsbeautifulsceneryandtallbuildings.ItissaidthatHongKonghasthemostskyscrapersintheworld.Whereverhewent,hesawmanysmiling___46.___(face)there.PeopleinHongKongwerekind,generous,easygoingandreadytohelpothers.Muchto___47.___(he)surprise,hesawthatpeopletherealwayskeptorderinpublicplaces.___48.___crowdsofpeoplewerewaitingforthenexttrainatthesubwaystat