高考天津卷英語試題解析(正式版)(原卷版)

絕密★啟用前2017年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試（天津卷）英語本試卷分為第I卷（選擇題）和第II卷（非選擇題）兩部分，共130分，考試用時(shí) 100分鐘。第I卷1至10頁，第II卷11至12頁。答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考號(hào)填寫在答題卡上，并在規(guī)定位置粘貼考試用條形碼。答卷時(shí)，考生務(wù)必將答案涂寫在答題卡上，答在試卷上的無效。考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。祝各位考生考試順利！第I卷注意事項(xiàng)：每小題選出答案后，用鉛筆將答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)。本卷共55小題，共95分。第一部分：英語知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分 45分）第一節(jié)：單項(xiàng)填空（共 15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）從A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白學(xué) #科網(wǎng)處的最佳選項(xiàng)。例： Standoverthere you例： Standoverthere you’A.or B.and答案是B。—Albert’sbirthdayisonnextSaturday,andI— .I’llbringsomewine.SoundslikefunC.Justaminutellbeabletoseeitbetter.C.butD.while’mplanningasurprisepartyforhim.ItdependsD.YouarewelcomeMyroomisamess,butI cleanitbeforeIgoouttonight.Icandoitinthemorning.A.daren’t B.shouldn’t C.needn’t D.mustn’t—IwanttoseeMr.White.Wehaveanappointment.

—I’msorry,butheisnot atthemoment,forthemeetinghasn ’tended.A.busy B.active C.concerned D.availableSheaskedme Ihadreturnedthebookstothelibrary,andIadmittedthatIhadn ’t.A.when B.where C.whether D.whatMr.andMrs.Brownwouldliketoseetheirdaughter ,getmarried,andhavekids.A.settleddown B.keepoff C.getup D.cutinNowadays,cycling,alongwithjoggingandswimming, asoneofthebestall-roundformsofexercise.A.regard B.isregarded C.areregarded D.regards—MichaelwaslateforMr.Smith ’schemistryclassthismorning.— AsfarasIknow,henevercamelatetoclass.A.Sowhat B.Whynot C.Whocares D.HowcomeI downtoLondonwhenIsuddenlyfoundthatIwasonthewrongroad.A.wasdriving B.havedriven C.woulddrive D.droveMyeldestson, worktakeshimallovertheworld,isinNewYorkatthemoment.A.thatB.whoseC.hisD.whoA.thatB.whoseC.hisD.whoIwaswatchingtheclockallthroughthemeeting,asIhadatrain .A.catching B.caught C.tocatch D.tobecaughtItwaswhenIgotbacktomyapartment Ifirstcameacrossmynewneighbors.A.who B.where C.which D.thatWhenyoudrivethroughtheRedwoodForestsinCalifornia,youwillbe treesthatareover1,000yearsold.A.among B.against C.behind D.belowWeofferanexcellenteducationtoourstudents. ,weexpectstudentstoworkhard.A.Onaverage B.Atbest C.Inreturn D.AfterallThehospitalhasrecentlyobtainednewmedicalequipment, morepatientstobetreated.A.beingallowed B.allowing C.havingallowed D.allowed

一DoyouhaveBettysphonenumber—Yes.Otherwise,Iabletoreachheryesterday.A.hadn'tbeen B.wouldn'thavebeenC.weren't D.wouldn'tbe第二節(jié)：完形填空（共20小題；每小題分，滿分 30分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從16~35各題所給的A>BCD四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AtmyheaviestIweighed370pounds.Ihadaverypoorrelationshipwithfood:Iuseditto 16 badfeelings,tomakemyselffeelbetter,andtocelebrate.Worriedaboutmyhealth,Itriedmanydifferentkindsof17butnothingworked.IcametobelievethatIcoulddonothingaboutmy18 .WhenIwas50,myweightproblembegantoaffectme 19 .Ididn'twanttolivetherestofmylifewiththis20weightanymore.Thatyear,I21aseminarwherewewereaskedtocreateaprojectthatwouldtouchtheworld.Aseminarleadersharedher22story—shehadnotonly125lostpounds,butalsoraised$25,000forhomelesschildren.23byherstory,IcreatedtheAsWeHeal（痊愈）,theWorldHeals24 .Mygoalwastolose150poundsinoneyearandraise$50,000 25amovementfounded30yearsagotoendhunger.Thiscombinationofhealingmyselfandhealingtheworld26meastheperfectsolution.27Ibeganmyownpersonalweightprogram,IwasfilledwiththefearthatIwould28thesamedifficultiesthatbeatmebefore.Whilethe29hungovermyhead,therewerealsosignsthatIwasheadeddowntheright30 .IsentletterstoeveryoneIknew,tellingthemaboutmyproject.Itworkedperfectly.Donationsbegan31infromhundredsofpeople.Ofcourse,Ialsotooksomepracticalstepstoloseweight.Iconsultedwithaphysician（內(nèi)醫(yī)生）,Ihiredafitnesscoach,andIbegantoeatsmalland32meals.Myfund-raisingfocusalsogavemenewmotivationtoexercise33 .Ayearlater,I34mygoal:Ilost150poundsandraised$50,000!IfeelthatI 'vebeengivenlifetodevotetosomethingthatis35andenormous.16.A.addB.mixC.killD.share

16.A.addB.mixC.killD.share17.A.dietsB.drinksC.fruitsD.dishes18.A.heightB.abilityC.wisdomD.weight19.A.temporarilyB.recentlyC.seriouslyD.secretly20.A.idealB.extraC.normalD.low21.A.attendedB.organizedC.recommendedD.mentioned22.A.folkB.successC.adventureD.science23.A.SurprisedB.AmusedC.InfluencedD.Disturbed24.A.projectB.businessC.systemD.custom25.A.insearchofB.inneedofC.inplaceofD.insupportof26.A.scaredB.consideredC.confusedD.struck27.A.AsB.UntilC.IfD.Unless28.A.getoverB.runintoC.lookforD.putaside29.A.excitementB.joyC.angerD.fear30.A.rowB.hallC.pathD.street31.A.breakingB.floodingC.jumpingD.stepping32.A.heavyB.fullC.expensiveD.healthy33.A.regularlyB.limitlesslyC.suddenlyD.randomly34.A.setB.reachedC.missedD.dropped35.A.stressfulB.painfulC.meaningfulD.peaceful第二部分：閱讀理解（共20小題；每小題分，滿分50分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ASupposeyou’reinarush,feelingtired,notpayingattentiontoyourscreen,andyousendanemailthatcouldgetyouintrouble.Realisationwillprobablysetinsecondsafteryou’veclicked“send”.Youfreezeinhorrorandburnwithshame.WhattodoHerearefourcommonemailaccidents,andhowtorecover.Clicking“send”toosoonDon’twasteyourtimetryingtofindoutifthereceiverhasreadityet.Writeanotheremailasswiftlyasyoucanandsenditwithabrieftitleexplainingthatthisisthecorrectversionandthepreviousversionshouldbeignored.WritingthewrongtimeThesooneryounotice,thebetter.Respondquicklyandbriefly,apologisingforyourmistake.Keepthetonemeasured:don’thandleittoolightly,aspeoplecanbeoffended,especiallyifyourerrorsuggestsamisunderstandingoftheirculture.incorrectorderingofChinesenames）.Clicking“replyall”unintentionallyYouaccidentallyreveal（透露）totheentirecompanywhatmenuchoicesyouwouldpreferatthestaffChristmasdinner,orwhatholidayyou’dliketotake.Inthisinstance,thebestsolutionistosendaquick,light-heartedapologytoexplainyourawkwardness.Butitcanquicklyrisetosomethingworse,wheneveryonestartshitting“replyall”tojoininalongandunpleasantconversation.Inthisinstance,stepawayfromyourkeyboardtoalloweveryonetocalmdown.SendinganoffensivemessagetoitssubjectThemostawkwardemailmistakeisusuallycommittedinanger.Youwriteanunkindmessageaboutsomeone,intendingtosendittoafriend,butaccidentallysendittothepersonyou’rediscussing.Inthatcase,asktospeakinpersonassoonaspossibleandsaysorry.Explainyourfrustrationscalmlyandsensibly—seeitasanopportunitytoclearupanydifficultiesyoumayhavewiththisperson.Afterrealisinganemailaccident,youarelikelytofeel .A.curiousB.tiredC.awfulD.funnyIfyouhavewrittenthewrongnameinanemail,itisbestto .apologiseinaseriousmannertellthereceivertoignoretheerrorlearntowritethenamecorrectlysendashortnoticetoeveryoneWhatshouldyoudowhenanunpleasantconversationisstartedbyyour “replyall”emailTryofferingotherchoices.Avoidfurtherinvolvement.Meetotherstaffmembers.Makealight-heartedapology.HowshouldyoudealwiththeproblemcausedbyanoffensiveemailBypromisingnottooffendthereceiveragain.Byseekingsupportfromthereceiver’sfriends.Byaskingthereceivertocontrolhisanger.Bytalkingtothereceiverfacetoface.WhatisthepassagemainlyaboutDefiningemailerrors.Reducingemailmistakes.Handlingemailaccidents.Improvingemailwriting.BFifteenyearsago,ItookasummervacationinLecceinsouthernItaly.Afterclimbingupahillforapanoramic（全景的）viewofthebluesea,whitebuildingsandgreenolivetrees,Ipausedtocatchmybreathandthenpositionedmyselftotakethebestphotoofthispanorama.Unfortunately,justasItookoutmycamera,awomanapproachedfrombehind,andplantedherselfrightinfrontofmyview.Likeme,thiswomanwasheretostop,sighandappreciatetheview.PatientasIwas,afterabout15minutes,mycamerascanningthesunandreviewingtheshotIwouldeventuallytake,Igrewfrustrated.WasittoomuchtoaskhertomovesoIcouldtakejustonepictureofthelandscapeSure,Icouldhaveaskedher,butsomethingpreventedmefromdoingso.Sheseemedsocontentinherobservation.Ididn’twanttomesswiththat.Another15minutespassedandIgrewbored.Thewomanwasstillthere.Idecidedtotakethephotoanyway.AndnowwhenIlookatit,Ithinkherpresenceinthephotoiswhatmakestheimageinteresting.Thelandscape,beautifulonitsown,somehowcomestolifeandbreathesbecausethiswomanisengagingwithit.Thisphoto,withtheuniquebeautythatunfoldedbeforemeandthatwomanwho “ruined”it,nowhangsonawallinmybedroom.Whatwouldshethinkifsheknewthatherfigureiscaptured（捕捉）andfrozenonsomestranger’sbedroomwallAbedroom,afterall,isaveryprivatespace,inwhichsomewomanIdon’tevenknowhasbeenimmortalized（使 永存）.Insomeways,shelivesinmyhouse.Perhapsweallliveineachothers’spaces.Perhapsthisiswhatphotosarefor:toremindusthatweallappreciatebeauty,thatweallshareacommondesireforpleasure,forconnection,forsomethingthatisgreaterthanus.Thatphotoisareminder,acapturedmoment,anunspokenconversationbetweentwowomen,separatedonlybyathinsquareofglass.WhathappenedwhentheauthorwasabouttotakeaphotoHercamerastoppedworking.Awomanblockedherview.Someoneaskedhertoleave.Afriendapproachedfrombehind.Accordingtotheauthor,thewomanwasprobably .enjoyingherselflosingherpatiencewaitingforthesunsetthinkingaboutherpastIntheauthor’sopinion,whatmakesthephotosoaliveTherichcolorofthelandscape.Theperfectpositioningofthecamera.Thewoman’sexistenceinthephoto.Thesoftsunlightthatsummerday.Thephotoonthebedroomwallenablestheauthortobetterunderstand .theneedtobeclosetonaturetheimportanceofprivatespacethejoyofthevacationinItalythesharedpassionforbeautyThepassagecanbeseenastheauthor’sreflectionsupon .A.aparticularlifeexperience B.thepleasureoftravelingC.theartofphotography D.alostfriendshipCThismonth,Germany’stransportminister,AlexanderDobrindt,proposedthefirstsetofrulesforautonomousvehicles（自主駕駛車輛 ）.Theywoulddefinethedriver’sroleinsuchcarsandgovernhowsuchcarsperformincrasheswherelivesmightbelost.Theproposalattemptstodealwithwhatsomecallthe “deathvalley”ofautonomousvehicles:thegreyareabetweensemi-autonomousandfullydriverlesscarsthatcoulddelaythedriverlessfuture.Dobrindtwantsthreethings:thatacaralwayschoosesproperty（財(cái)產(chǎn)）damageoverpersonalinjury;thatitneverdistinguishesbetweenhumansbasedonageorrace;andthatifahumanremoveshisorherhandsfromthedrivingwheel—tocheckemail,say—thecar’smakerisresponsibleifthereisacrash.“Thechangetotheroadtrafficlawwillpermitfullyautomaticdriving,”saysDobrindt.Itwillputfullydriverlesscarsonanequallegalfootingtohumandrivers,hesays.Whoisresponsiblefortheoperationofsuchvehiclesisnotclearamongcarmakers,consumersandlawyers.“Theliability（法律責(zé)任 ）issueisthebiggestoneofthemall,”saysNatashaMeratattheUniversityofLeeds,UK.AnassumptionbehindUKinsurancefordriverlesscars,introducedearlierthisyear,insiststhatahuman “bewatchfulandmonitoringtheroad”ateverymoment.Butthatisnotwhatmanypeoplehaveinmindwhenthinkingofdriverlesscars. “Whenyousay‘driverlesscars’,peopleexpectdriverlesscars.”Meratsays.“Youknow—nodriver.”Becauseoftheconfusion,Meratthinkssomecarmakerswillwaituntilvehiclescanbefullyautomatedwithoutoperation.Driverlesscarsmayendupbeingaformofpublictransportratherthanvehiclesyouown,saysRyanCaloatStanfordUniversity,California.ThatishappeningintheUKandSingapore,wheregovernment-provideddriverlessvehiclesarebeinglaunched.ThatwouldgodownpoorlyintheUS,however.“Theideathatthegovernmentwouldtakeoverdriverlesscarsandtreatthemasapublicgoodwouldgetabsolutelynowherehere,”saysCalo.Whatdoesthephrase“deathvalley”inParagraph2refertoAplacewherecarsoftenbreakdown.Acasewherepassingalawisimpossible.Anareawherenodrivingispermitted.Asituationwheredrivers’roleisnotclear.TheproposalputforwardbyDobrindtaimsto .stoppeoplefrombreakingtrafficruleshelppromotefullyautomaticdrivingprotectdriversofallagesandracespreventseriouspropertydamageWhatdoconsumersthinkoftheoperationofdriverlesscarsItshouldgettheattentionofinsurancecompanies.Itshouldbethemainconcernoflawmakers.Itshouldnotcausedeadlytrafficaccidents.Itshouldinvolvenohumanresponsibility.Driverlessvehiclesinpublictransportseenobrightfuturein .A.Singapore B.theUK C.theUS D.GermanyWhatcouldbethebesttitleforthepassageAutonomousDriving:WhoseLiabilityFullyAutomaticCars:ANewBreakthroughAutonomousVehicles:DriverRemoved!DriverlessCars:RootofRoadAccidentsDIreadsomewherethatwespendafullthirdofourliveswaiting.Butwherearewedoingallofthiswaiting,andwhatdoesitmeantoanimpatientsocietylikeoursTounderstandtheissue,let’stakealookatthreetypesof“waits”.TheverypurestformofwaitingistheWatched-PotWait.Itiswithoutdoubtthemostannoyingofall.Takefillingupthekitchensink（洗碗池）asanexample.Thereisabsolutelynothingyoucandowhilethisisgoingonbutkeepbotheyesfixedonthesinkuntilit’sfull.Duringthesewaits,thebrainslipsawayfromthebodyandwandersaboutuntilthewaterrunsovertheedgeofthecounterandontoyoursocks.Thiskindofwaitmakesthewaiterhelplessandmindless.AcousintotheWatched-PotWaitistheForcedWait.Thisonerequiresabitofdiscipline.ProperlypreparingpackagednoodlesouprequiresaForcedWait.Directionsareveryspecific.“Bringthreecupsofwatertoboil,addmix,simmerthreeminutes,removefromheat,letstandfiveminutes.”Ihavemydoubtsthatanyonehasactuallyfollowedtheproceduresstrictly.Afterall,ForcedWaitingrequirespatience.PerhapsthemostpowerfultypeofwaitingistheLucky-BreakWait.Thistypeofwaitisunusualinthatitisforthemostpartvoluntary.UnliketheForcedWait,whichisalsovoluntary,waitingforyourluckybreakdoesnotnecessarilymeanthatitwillhappen.Turningone’slifeintoawaitinggamerequiresfaithandhope,andisstrictlyfortheoptimistsamongus.Onthesurfaceitseemsasridiculousasfollowingthedirectionsonsoupmixes,buttheLucky-BreakWaitwellservesthosewhoarewillingtodoit.Aslongasonedoesn’tcometorelyonit,wishingforafewgoodthingstohappenneverhurtsanybody.Wecertainlydospendagooddealofourtimewaiting.Thenexttimeyou’restandingatthesinkwaitingforittofillwhilecookingnoodlesoupthatyou’llhavetoeatuntilalargebagofcashfallsoutofthesky,don’tbedesperate.You’reprobablyjustasbusyasthenextguy.WhiledoingaWatched-PotWait,wetendto .keepourselvesbusygetabsent-mindedgrowanxiousstayfocusedWhatisthedifferencebetweentheForcedWaitandtheWatched-PotWaitTheForcedWaitrequiressomeself-control.TheForcedWaitmakespeoplepassive.TheWatched-PotWaitneedsdirections.TheWatched-PotWaitengagesbodyandbrain.WhatcanwelearnabouttheLucky-BreakWaitItislessvoluntarythantheForcedWait.Itdoesn’talwaysbringthedesiredresult.ItismorefruitfulthantheForcedWait.Itdoesn’tgivepeoplefaithandhope.WhatdoestheauthoradviseustodothenexttimewearewaitingTakeitseriously.Don’trelyonothers.Dosomethingelse.Don’tloseheart.Theauthorsupportshisviewby .exploringvariouscausesof“waits”describingdetailedprocessesof“waits”analyzingdifferentcategoriesof“waits”revealingfrustratingconsequencesof“waits”第II卷注意事項(xiàng)：用黑色墨水的鋼筆或簽字筆將答案寫在答題卡上。本卷共6小題，共35分。第三部分：寫作第一節(jié)：閱讀表達(dá)(共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分)閱讀短文，并按照題目要求用英語回答問題。Intheyearsofmygrowingup,Dadwasstrictwithme.HemadesureImademybedanddidmyhomework.Hewouldcallinadvancetomakesuretherewasnoalcoholattheparty.Igotsoangrywithhimforlayingdownthelaw.Iwouldscream,