考研考博-英語(yǔ)-內(nèi)蒙古師范大學(xué)押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇1

書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-內(nèi)蒙古師范大學(xué)押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買(mǎi)！第壹套一.全考點(diǎn)押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.單選題

OurculturehascausedmostAmericanstoassumenotonlythatourlanguageisuniversalbutthatthegestureweareunderstoodbyeveryone.Wedonotrealizethatwavinggood-byeisthewaytosummonapersonfromthePhilippinestoone’sside,orthatinItalyandsomeLatin-Americancountries,curlingthefingertooneselfisasignoffarewell.

ThoseprivatecitizenswhosentpackagestoourtroopsoccupyingGermanyafterWorldWarIIandmarkedthemGIFTtoescapedutypaymentsdidnotbothertofindoutthat“Gift”meanspoisoninGerman.Moreover,weliketothinkofourselvesasfriendly,yetweprefertobeatleast3feetoranarm’slengthawayfromothers.LatinandMiddleEasternersliketocomecloserandtouch,whichmakesAmericansuncomfortable.

Ourlinguisticandcultureblindnessandthecasualnesswithwhichwetakenoticeofthedevelopedtastes,gestures,customsandlanguagesofothercountries,arelosingusfriends,businessandrespectintheworld.

EvenhereintheUnitedStates,wemakefewconcessionstotheneedsofforeignvisitors.Therearenoinformationsignsinfourlanguagesonourpublicbuildingsormonuments;wedonothavemultilingualwaiters,bankclerksandpolicemenarerare.OurtransportationsystemshavemapsinEnglishonlyandoftenweourselveshavedifficultyunderstandingthem.

Whenwegoabroad,wetendtoclusterinhotelsandrestaurantswhereEnglishisspoken.Theattitudesandinformationwepickupareconditionedbythosenatives—usuallythericher—whospeakEnglish.Ourbusinessdealings,aswellasthenation’sdiplomacy,areconductedthroughinterpreters.

Formanyyears,AmericaandAmericanscouldgetbywithculturalblindnessandlinguisticignorance.Afterall,Americawasthemostpowerfulcountryofthefreeworld,thedistributorofneededfundsandgoods.

Butallthatispast.Americandollarsnolongerbuyallgoodthings,andweareslowlybeginningtorealizethatourproperroleintheworldischanging.A1979Harrispollreportedthat55percentofAmericanswantthiscountrytoplayamoresignificantroleinworldaffairs;wewanttohaveahandintheimportantdecisionsofthenextcentury,eventhoughitmaynotalwaysbetheupperhand.

1.ItcanbeinferredthatAmericansbeingapproachedtoocloselybyMiddleEasternerswouldmostprobably____.

2.TheauthorgivesmanyexamplestocriticizeAmericansfortheir____.

3.IncountriesotherthantheirownmostAmericans____.

4.Americanpeopleignoreculturaldifferencesindifferencesintheircountriesbecause____.

5.AccordingtotheauthorAmericans’culturalblindnessandlinguisticignorancewill____.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.standstill

B.stepforward

C.jumpaside

D.drawback

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.culturalself-centeredness

B.indifferencetowardsforeignvisitors

C.casualmanners

D.arrogancetowardsothercultures

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.areisolatedbythelocalpeople

B.arenotwellinformedduetothelanguagebarrier

C.tendtogetalongwellwiththenatives.

D.needinterpretersinhotelsandrestaurants.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.theycanafforditwithpowerfuleconomyandgreatwealth

B.theyareaggressivebynatureandproudoftheirownculture

C.peopleinothercountriesrespecttheAmericanculture

D.peopleinotherculturesareparticularlytolerant

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.affecttheirimageinthenewera

B.cutthemselvesofffromtheoutsideworld

C.limittheirroleinworldaffairs

D.weakenthepositionoftheUSdollar

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】1.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

ItcanbeinferredthatAmericansbeingapproachedtoocloselybyMiddleEasternerswouldmostprobably____.由此可以推斷，如果中東人太靠近美國(guó)人，美國(guó)人很可能會(huì)___。

A.standstillA.站著不動(dòng)

B.stepforward?B.前進(jìn)

C.jumpasideC.跳到一邊

D.drawback?D.后退

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞Americans和MiddleEasterners定位到原文第2段。本段最后兩句提到美國(guó)人“喜歡與他人保持至少3英尺或一臂的距離（atleast3feetoranarm’slengthawayfromothers）”，而“中東人喜歡靠近和接觸（MiddleEasternersliketocomecloserandtouch）讓美國(guó)人很不舒服（makesAmericansuncomfortable）”。由此可知，如果中東人靠近美國(guó)人，美國(guó)人因?yàn)樽约旱牧?xí)慣，應(yīng)該會(huì)站遠(yuǎn)一點(diǎn)，別人靠近，那么他可能會(huì)后退，D選項(xiàng)“后退”，符合原文。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“站著不動(dòng)”，不符合原文，屬于曲解原文；

B選項(xiàng)“前進(jìn)”，不符合原文，屬于曲解原文；

C選項(xiàng)“跳到一邊”，“跳”這個(gè)動(dòng)作反應(yīng)過(guò)度，該選項(xiàng)屬于過(guò)度推理。

2.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

TheauthorgivesmanyexamplestocriticizeAmericansfortheir____.作者舉了很多例子來(lái)批評(píng)美國(guó)人的____。

A.culturalself-centerednessA.文化中心主義

B.indifferencetowardsforeignvisitorsB.對(duì)外國(guó)游客的冷漠

C.casualmannersC.隨意的態(tài)度

D.arrogancetowardsotherculturesD.對(duì)其他文化的傲慢

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞manyexamples可定位到原文第4段，本段列舉了很多美國(guó)國(guó)內(nèi)的例子，來(lái)說(shuō)明美國(guó)人“對(duì)外國(guó)游客的需要幾乎不作讓步（makefewconcessions）”。至于原因，作者在原文第3段第1句提到了美國(guó)人的“文化無(wú)知（cultureblindness）”以及“對(duì)待其他國(guó)家文化的不用心（thecasualnesswithwhichwetakenoticeofthedevelopedtastes,gestures,customsandlanguagesofothercountries）”；在原文第6段又提到了美國(guó)人“文化和語(yǔ)言的無(wú)知（culturalblindnessandlinguisticignorance）”。由此可知，A選項(xiàng)“文化中心主義”可以更好地概括原文提到的這些內(nèi)容。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B選項(xiàng)“對(duì)外國(guó)游客的冷漠”，只是原文中提到的一點(diǎn)，該選項(xiàng)屬于以偏概全；

C選項(xiàng)“隨意的態(tài)度”，只是原文中提到的一點(diǎn)，該選項(xiàng)屬于以偏概全；

D選項(xiàng)“對(duì)其他文化的傲慢”，只是原文中提到的一點(diǎn)，該選項(xiàng)屬于以偏概全。

3.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

IncountriesotherthantheirownmostAmericans____.大多數(shù)美國(guó)人在其他國(guó)家____。

A.areisolatedbythelocalpeopleA.被當(dāng)?shù)厝斯铝?/p>

B.arenotwellinformedduetothelanguagebarrierB.由于語(yǔ)言障礙信息不通

C.tendtogetalongwellwiththenativesC.和當(dāng)?shù)厝讼嗵幍煤芎?/p>

D.needinterpretersinhotelsandrestaurantsD.酒店及餐廳需要翻譯

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞Incountriesotherthantheirown定位到原文第5段。本段第1句提到“美國(guó)人出國(guó)時(shí)（goabroad），傾向于聚集在說(shuō)英語(yǔ)的酒店和餐館（clusterinhotelsandrestaurantswhereEnglishisspoken）。我們獲取的態(tài)度和信息是由那些說(shuō)英語(yǔ)的本土人決定的（areconditionedbythosenativeswhospeakEnglish）?！庇纱丝芍?，美國(guó)人出國(guó)后，因?yàn)椴欢?dāng)?shù)氐恼Z(yǔ)言，只能從說(shuō)英語(yǔ)的人那里獲取信息，B選項(xiàng)“由于語(yǔ)言障礙信息不通”符合原文。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“被當(dāng)?shù)厝斯铝ⅰ保牟⑽刺峒?，該選項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有；

C選項(xiàng)“和當(dāng)?shù)厝讼嗵幍煤芎谩保牟⑽刺峒?，該選項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有；

D選項(xiàng)“酒店及餐廳需要翻譯”，可定位到原文第5段最后一句，該句提到“商業(yè)往來(lái)（businessdealings），以及國(guó)家的外交（thenation’sdiplomacy），都是通過(guò)翻譯進(jìn)行的”，由此可知，原文并沒(méi)有提到“酒店和餐廳”，該選項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有。

4.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Americanpeopleignoreculturaldifferencesindifferencesintheircountriesbecause____.美國(guó)人忽視他們與其他國(guó)家的文化差異是因?yàn)開(kāi)___。

A.theycanafforditwithpowerfuleconomyandgreatwealthA.他們承擔(dān)得起，因?yàn)樗麄冇袕?qiáng)大的經(jīng)濟(jì)和巨大的財(cái)富

B.theyareaggressivebynatureandproudoftheirowncultureB.他們生性好斗，對(duì)自己的文化感到自豪

C.peopleinothercountriesrespecttheAmericancultureC.其他國(guó)家的人尊重美國(guó)文化

D.peopleinotherculturesareparticularlytolerantD.其他文化背景的人特別寬容

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞Americanpeopleignoreculturaldifferencesindifferencesintheircountries定位到原文第6段，該段提到“多年來(lái)，美國(guó)人和美國(guó)人即使文化無(wú)知和語(yǔ)言無(wú)知也可以過(guò)得去（getbywithculturalblindnessandlinguisticignorance）。畢竟，美國(guó)是自由世界中最強(qiáng)大的國(guó)家（themostpowerfulcountry），是所需資金和物資的分配者（thedistributorofneededfundsandgoods）?！庇纱丝芍?，這么多年，美國(guó)之所以能夠忽視與其他國(guó)家之間的文化差異，是因?yàn)橛袕?qiáng)大的國(guó)力在背后做支撐，A選項(xiàng)“他們承擔(dān)得起，因?yàn)樗麄冇袕?qiáng)大的經(jīng)濟(jì)和巨大的財(cái)富”符合原文。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B選項(xiàng)“他們生性好斗，對(duì)自己的文化感到自豪”，原文并未提及，該選項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有；

C選項(xiàng)“其他國(guó)家的人尊重美國(guó)文化”，原文并未提及，該選項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有；

D選項(xiàng)“其他文化背景的人特別寬容”，原文并未提及，該選項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有。

5.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

AccordingtotheauthorAmericans’culturalblindnessandlinguisticignorancewill____.根據(jù)作者的觀點(diǎn)，美國(guó)人的文化無(wú)知和語(yǔ)言無(wú)知將____。

A.affecttheirimageintheneweraA.影響他們?cè)谛聲r(shí)代的形象

B.cutthemselvesofffromtheoutsideworldB.切斷自己與外界的聯(lián)系

C.limittheirroleinworldaffairsC.限制他們?cè)趪?guó)際事務(wù)中的作用

D.weakenthepositionoftheUSdollarD.削弱美元的地位

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題

【解題思路】根據(jù)第4題可知，原文第6段提到了“多年來(lái)，美國(guó)人和美國(guó)人即使文化無(wú)知和語(yǔ)言無(wú)知也可以過(guò)得去”，而原文第7段第1句提到“但這一切都過(guò)去了?！庇纱丝芍?，本題的答案應(yīng)該在第7段。第7段第2句提到“美元不再能買(mǎi)到所有的好東西，我們開(kāi)始慢慢意識(shí)到我們?cè)谑澜缟系倪m當(dāng)角色正在發(fā)生變化（ourproperroleintheworldischanging）?！钡?段最后一句提到“大多數(shù)美國(guó)人希望美國(guó)在國(guó)際事務(wù)中發(fā)揮更重要的作用（playamoresignificantroleinworldaffairs），想要參與下個(gè)世紀(jì)的重要決策（haveahandintheimportantdecisionsofthenextcentury）?！备鶕?jù)原文邏輯，以前，經(jīng)濟(jì)力量強(qiáng)大，文化上無(wú)知也不影響美國(guó)的發(fā)展；但是美元的地位降低，美國(guó)在國(guó)際社會(huì)中的作用也發(fā)生改變，由此推斷，美國(guó)不能夠再像以前一樣，對(duì)別的國(guó)家的語(yǔ)言文化一無(wú)所知。原文又提到了美國(guó)人希望美國(guó)在未來(lái)的國(guó)際事務(wù)決策中也能占一席之地，既然是希望，說(shuō)明如果美國(guó)保持文化現(xiàn)狀，也許就實(shí)現(xiàn)不了了。由此推斷，美國(guó)的文化無(wú)知和語(yǔ)言無(wú)知，限制了他們?cè)趪?guó)際事務(wù)中的作用，C選項(xiàng)“限制他們?cè)趪?guó)際事務(wù)中的作用”符合原文。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“影響他們?cè)谛聲r(shí)代的形象”，原文并未提及，該選項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有；

B選項(xiàng)“切斷自己與外界的聯(lián)系”，原文并未提及，該選項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有；

D選項(xiàng)“削弱美元的地位”，原文雖然提到了美元地位的下降，但這并不是美國(guó)的文化無(wú)知和語(yǔ)言無(wú)知導(dǎo)致的，該選項(xiàng)屬于推理過(guò)度。

2.問(wèn)答題

TheStateAdministrationforMarketRegulation,whichlaunchedtheprobeintothee-commercegiantinDecember,chargedAlibabawithabusingitsmarketdominance.

ThewatchdogsaiditsinvestigationconcludedthatAlibabahadhinderedonlineretailinChina,affectedinnovationintheplatform-basedinterneteconomy,hurtthelawfulrightsofmerchantsanddamagedconsumers’interests.

The18.23billionyuan($2.8billion)fineonAlibabaGroupHoldingLtd.wasequivalenttofourpercentofAlibaba’sdomesticsalesin2019,accordingtotheSaturdaystatement.Thecompany’searningsreportshoweditregisteredprofitsofabout$12billioninthelastthreemonthsof2020.

Theannouncementisthelatestdevelopmentinthegovernment’sincreasedoversightoninternetcompaniestoavoidthe“disorderlyexpansionofcapital”,curbingbehaviorsuchaseither-orchoicesformerchantsbetweene-commerceplatforms,andpricegougingonregularcustomersviabigdata.

LastDecember,China’santitrustregulatorsmadepublicthroughastatementthedecisiontofine,foranamountof500,000yuan,threeofthecountry’slargesttechnologycompaniesforfailingtodisclosethepurchasesofsmallercompetitors,escalatingthelevelofenforcementagainsteverykindofmonopolisticcorporatebehaviorthataffectsconsumers’interests.

ThecompanieshitbythedecisionareAlibabaInvestment,whichinthreedealsfailedtoobtainapprovalfortheacquisitionofdepartmentstoreoperatorIntimeRetailGroup;Tencent,whichthroughitssubsidiaryChinaLiteraturefailedtoreporttheacquisitionofNewClassicMedia;andSFHolding,whichacquiredacompetitorpreviouslyownedbyChinaPostCorp.

AsisthecasewithAlibaba’sinvestmentandlaterprivatizationofIntime,thefinesrefertodealsconcludedasearlyas2014,leadingtoagreatdealofconcernforChinesetechgiantsfacingretroactivepenaltiesaswellasthepotentialamendmentofthepenaltyamountintheupcomingantitrustlaw.ConsideringthenumberofacquisitionsthatbothAlibabaandTencenthaveconductedovertheyears,thiscouldposeseriousconsequences.

Strengtheninganti-monopolysupervisionhasbecomeaglobaltrend,EconomicDailyreportedonMonday.Antitrustlawenforcementagenciesincountriesandeconomiesintheworldhavetakentoughregulatorystancesandrestrictivemeasuresononlineplatforms.

Accordingtoincompletestatistics,thereportsaid,technologybehemothslikeGoogle,Apple,FacebookandAmazonhavebeendeeplyinvolvedinantitrustinvestigationsintheworldduringthepastfouryears.Amongthem,Googlefaced27cases,AmazonandAppleboth22cases,andFacebook13cases.

Thevoicesagainstbigtechcompaniesnevercease.Theyaredeemedtohavetoomuchpower

—toomuchpoweroveroureconomy,oursociety,andourdemocracy.Theyhavebulldozedcompetition,usedourprivateinformationforprofit,andtiltedtheplayingfieldagainsteveryoneelse.Andintheprocess,theyhavehurtsmallbusinessesandstifledinnovation.

Thegrowingimportanceoftechnologyinthedevelopmentofmoderneconomies,andasacontributortonationalGDPintheageofCovid-19,nowrequiresthemaximumleveloflegislativeinterventionfromeverycountry'sgovernmentthroughanappropriatetrade-offthatencouragestechcompaniestogrowandinnovate,whileguaranteeinganopenandfairmarketenvironment,whichisthebasisofsocialandeconomicstability.

Answerthefollowingquestionsaccordingtotheabovetext.

1)Whyisthewholeworldsoworriedabouttheplatform-basedinternetgiants?(10points)

2)DoyouthinkweneedmoreantitrustlawstoregulatethemarketcompetitionorsimplybreakupthosetechgiantsunderthecontextofCovid-19?Justifyyouropinions.(20points)

【答案】1)Becausetheplatform-basedinternetgiantsaredeemedtohavetoomuchpower—toomuchpoweroveroureconomy,oursociety,andourdemocracy.Theyhavebulldozedcompetition,usedourprivateinformationforprofit,andtiltedtheplayingfieldagainsteveryoneelse.Andintheprocess,theyhavehurtsmallbusinessesandstifledinnovation.

2)IagreewiththeideathatintheageofCovid-19,nowrequiresthemaximumleveloflegislativeinterventionfromeverycountry’sgovernmentthroughanappropriatetrade-offthatencouragestechcompaniestogrowandinnovate,whileguaranteeinganopenandfairmarketenvironment,whichisthebasisofsocialandeconomicstability.Inrecentyears,platform-basedinternetgiantshavemadepositivecontributionstomeetconsumers’needsanddrivehigh-qualityeconomicdevelopment.However,withtheuncontrollabletrendofthosetechgiants,theabuseofmarketdominanceisontherise.Aseriesofproblems,suchasrestrictingcompetition,pricediscriminationandharmingtherightsandinterestsofconsumers,haveemerged,whichhavedestroyedtheorderofmarketcompetitionandhinderedindustryinnovation.Remediationofillegalactsthataffectfaircompetitionisconducivetopromotingthedevelopmentofeconomy.Besides,weneedmoreantitrustlawstoregulatethemarketcompetition.TheepidemichasbroughtanunprecedentedimpactonChina’seconomicandsocialdevelopment.First,theproductionandoperationofenterpriseshavebeenaffected.TheextendedSpringFestivalholidayandthedelayinresumingworkhavereducedthenumberofworkingdays,andrestrictionsontransportationinsomeprovincesandcitieshavealsoaffectedthemovementofpeopleandgoodsneededforproduction.Thislosshasalreadybeenreflectedinfirst-quarterGDPgrowth.Second,sincethebeginningofthisyear,consumerspendingonretailsales,catering,tourismandotherareashasdroppedsignificantly.Theepidemichasalsohadaprofoundimpactonthebehaviorofeconomicentities,especiallyconsumerswhomayspendlessoftimeinshoppingmalls,cinemasandothercrowdedplaces.Therefore,weneedmoreantitrustlawunderthissituationforitcanhelptodevelopafair,unified,andopenmarketcompetitionsystem,whichisconducivetothehealthydevelopmentofthesocialeconomyandthefundamentalprotectionoftherightsandinterestsofconsumers.

3.單選題

Alltheories（

）frompracticeandinturnservepractice.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.originate

B.restrain

C.modify

D.reflect

【答案】A

【解析】originatefrom為常用詞組,表示“起源于,來(lái)源于”。句意:一切理論都來(lái)源于實(shí)踐,反過(guò)來(lái)又為實(shí)踐服務(wù)。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

4.單選題

Hehadbeenillformonths,andweweredisturbedbyhis______complexion.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.dark

B.sallow

C.fair

D.white

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)dark“黑暗的；深色的”；B選項(xiàng)sallow“（人的皮膚或面色）蠟黃色的”；C選項(xiàng)fair“白皙的”；D選項(xiàng)white“白色的”。句意：他病了好幾個(gè)月了，我們?yōu)樗鸰_____而不安。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，這里指生病許久，身體應(yīng)該是虛弱的，B選項(xiàng)sallow“（人的皮膚或面色）蠟黃色的”符合題意。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

5.單選題

Iwas（）bytheirkindnessandmovedtotears.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.preoccupied

B.embarrassed

C.overwhelmed

D.counseled

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。preoccupied“全神貫注的”；embarrassed“尷尬的”；overwhelmed“被壓倒的，被淹沒(méi)的，使非常激動(dòng)”；counseled“建議，勸告”。句意：他們的好意使我感動(dòng)地流下了眼淚。C項(xiàng)符合題意。

6.單選題

Jack（

）theprobleminhismindfortwodaysbeforehedidsomethingaboutit.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.turnedout

B.turnedto

C.turnedon

D.turnedover

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞組辨析。turnedout結(jié)果是；turnedto轉(zhuǎn)向，求助于；turnedon打開(kāi)；turnover仔細(xì)考慮。句意：杰克在采取行動(dòng)之前，關(guān)于這個(gè)問(wèn)題，他在腦海中仔細(xì)考慮了兩天。D項(xiàng)符合句意，答案D

7.單選題

Inthe1700sNorthAmericancolonistsproclaimedtheirwealthandsocial（）bywearingelaboratestockings.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.responsibility

B.events

C.organization

D.status

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)responsibility“責(zé)任；職責(zé)”，B選項(xiàng)events“事件；大事”，C選項(xiàng)organization“組織；機(jī)構(gòu)”，D選項(xiàng)status“地位；狀態(tài)”；根據(jù)句意我們知道穿長(zhǎng)筒襪是殖民者炫耀自己地位的一種手段，因此答案為D。句意為：在18世紀(jì)，北美殖民者通過(guò)穿著精心制作的長(zhǎng)筒襪來(lái)展示他們的財(cái)富和社會(huì)地位。

8.單選題

Freshwaterisfiniteandvulnerableresource,essentialtosustainlife,developmentandtheenvironment.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.likelytofail

B.likelytoaccumulate

C.likelytoimprove

D.likelytoenhance

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.likelytofail可能會(huì)缺乏B.likelytoaccumulate可能會(huì)積累

C.likelytoimprove可能會(huì)改善D.likelytoenhance可能會(huì)提高

【考查點(diǎn)】詞義推測(cè)

【解題思路】該詞形容的是“淡水資源”，說(shuō)明淡水的特性，與其并列的形容詞是finite“有限的”，A選項(xiàng)likelytofail“可能會(huì)缺乏”（fail有“不足，缺乏”的意思）最符合語(yǔ)境，原詞vulnerable“易受傷害的；脆弱的”。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B選項(xiàng)likelytoaccumulate“可能會(huì)積累”與“有限的”矛盾；

C選項(xiàng)likelytoimprove“可能會(huì)改善”，與原文不符；

D選項(xiàng)likelytoenhance“可能會(huì)提高”，與原文不符。

【句意】淡水是有限和脆弱的資源，對(duì)維持生命、發(fā)展和環(huán)境至關(guān)重要。

9.單選題

Whencompaniesdobusinessoverseas,theycomeincontactwithpeoplefromdifferentcultures.Theseindividualsoftenspeakadifferentlanguageandhavetheirownparticularcustomandmanners.（1）.

Forexample,inFrance,businessmeetingsbeginpromptlyatthedesignatedtimeandeveryoneisexpectedtobethere.（2）tocooltheirheelsasameansoflettingthemknowtheimportanceofpromptness.Unlessoneisawareofsuchexpectedbehaviorshemayendupinsultingthepeoplewithwhomhehopestoestablishtraderelations.

（3）.Forexample,ifatransactionisconductedwithRussia,paymentmaybemadeinrubles.Ofcourse,thiscurrencyisoflittlevaluetotheAmericanfirm.Itis,therefore,necessarytoconverttheforeigncurrencytoAmericandollars.HowmucharetheseRussianrublesworthintermsofdollars?（4）.Thusthereisanestablishedrate,althoughitwilloftenfluctuatefromdaytoday.Forexample,therublemaybeworth0.75onMondayand0.72onTuesdaybecauseofanannouncedwheatshortageinRussia.

Athirduniqueproblemistradebarriers.Foronereasonoranother,allcountriesimposetradebarriersoncertaingoodscrossingtheirborders.（5）.Forexample,theUnitedStatespermitsstrategicmilitarymaterialtobeshippedabroadonlyaftergovernmentpermissionhasbeenobtained.Mosttradebarriers,however,aredesignedtorestrictimport.Twoofthemostcommonimportbarriersarequotasandtariffs.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Thisconversionrateisdeterminedbyeverymarket,wherethecurrenciesofcountriesareboughtandsold.

B.Foreignbusinesspeoplewhoarelateareoftenleftoutside.

C.Thesedifferencescancreateproblems.

D.ForeignbusinesspeopleareoftenshockedatthestrangewaysofIndiansdoingbusiness.

E.Asecondtraditionalproblemisthatofmonetaryconversions.

F.Sometradebarriersaredirectlyrelatedtoexports.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Thisconversionrateisdeterminedbyeverymarket,wherethecurrenciesofcountriesareboughtandsold.

B.Foreignbusinesspeoplewhoarelateareoftenleftoutside.

C.Thesedifferencescancreateproblems.

D.ForeignbusinesspeopleareoftenshockedatthestrangewaysofIndiansdoingbusiness.

E.Asecondtraditionalproblemisthatofmonetaryconversions.

F.Sometradebarriersaredirectlyrelatedtoexports.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Thisconversionrateisdeterminedbyeverymarket,wherethecurrenciesofcountriesareboughtandsold.

B.Foreignbusinesspeoplewhoarelateareoftenleftoutside.

C.Thesedifferencescancreateproblems.

D.ForeignbusinesspeopleareoftenshockedatthestrangewaysofIndiansdoingbusiness.

E.Asecondtraditionalproblemisthatofmonetaryconversions.

F.Sometradebarriersaredirectlyrelatedtoexports.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Thisconversionrateisdeterminedbyeverymarket,wherethecurrenciesofcountriesareboughtandsold.

B.Foreignbusinesspeoplewhoarelateareoftenleftoutside.

C.Thesedifferencescancreateproblems.

D.ForeignbusinesspeopleareoftenshockedatthestrangewaysofIndiansdoingbusiness.

E.Asecondtraditionalproblemisthatofmonetaryconversions.

F.Sometradebarriersaredirectlyrelatedtoexports.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Thisconversionrateisdeterminedbyeverymarket,wherethecurrenciesofcountriesareboughtandsold.

B.Foreignbusinesspeoplewhoarelateareoftenleftoutside.

C.Thesedifferencescancreateproblems.

D.ForeignbusinesspeopleareoftenshockedatthestrangewaysofIndiansdoingbusiness.

E.Asecondtraditionalproblemisthatofmonetaryconversions.

F.Sometradebarriersaredirectlyrelatedtoexports.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:E

第4題:A

第5題:F

【解析】1.由文章大意和結(jié)構(gòu)可知，這里需要一個(gè)承上啟下的過(guò)渡句。2-4段主要講了文化差異所帶來(lái)的一些問(wèn)題。分析比較六個(gè)選項(xiàng)，選項(xiàng)C最為合適。

2.空格前一句話“inFrance,businessmeetingsbeginpromptlyatthedesignatedtimeandeveryoneisexpectedtobethere.”說(shuō)明在法國(guó)，商務(wù)會(huì)議會(huì)按照約定的時(shí)間準(zhǔn)時(shí)開(kāi)始，并且每個(gè)人都要按時(shí)達(dá)到。而空格后一句目的狀語(yǔ)從句tocooltheirheelsasameansoflettingthemknowtheimportanceofpromptness意思是“通過(guò)讓他們明白及時(shí)的重要性”。由此可以推斷出此處應(yīng)和開(kāi)會(huì)遲到的人相關(guān)，B選項(xiàng)最合適。

3.分析文章大意及結(jié)構(gòu)。文章第二段說(shuō)的是第一個(gè)問(wèn)題，文章第四段說(shuō)的是第三個(gè)問(wèn)題。由此可以得出文章第三段是第二個(gè)問(wèn)題，并且根據(jù)第三段主要內(nèi)容可以得知和“貨幣轉(zhuǎn)換”有關(guān)。因此最合適的選項(xiàng)為E。

4.聯(lián)系上下文分析?？崭袂癏owmucharetheseRussianrublesworthintermsofdollars?譯為“俄羅斯盧布兌換成美元的比值是多少呢？”空格后的句子Thusthereisanestablishedrate,althoughitwilloftenfluctuatefromdaytoday.意思是“因此會(huì)有一個(gè)確定的比率，雖然這個(gè)比率通常會(huì)波動(dòng)”。選項(xiàng)中與兌換率相關(guān)的只有A。

5.根據(jù)段落大意選擇。文章最后一段的中心是tradebarriers，而選項(xiàng)中只有F與tradebarriers相關(guān)，且與后文中的內(nèi)容構(gòu)成總分關(guān)系，故答案選項(xiàng)為F。

10.單選題

Asweareonthepointofsomeimportantbusinesswiththem,weshouldliketoknowexactlyabouttheircredit（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.transmitting

B.transferring

C.transacting

D.transporting

【答案】C

【解析】考查形近詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)transmit“傳送，輸送，發(fā)射”；B選項(xiàng)transfer“轉(zhuǎn)移，搬遷，調(diào)動(dòng)”；C選項(xiàng)transact“（與人或組織

）做業(yè)務(wù)，做交易”；D選項(xiàng)transport“運(yùn)送，運(yùn)輸”。由credit（信用）可知C選項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境，credittransacting表示“信用交易”。句意：由于我們正與他們進(jìn)行一些重要的交易，我們想確切地了解他們的信用交易情況。

11.單選題

Thenewsaboutthenuclearpowerstationthatwasdamagedbytheearthquakewas___.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.negative

B.encouraging

C.serious

D.positive

【答案】C

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.negative消極的B.encouraging令人鼓舞的

C.serious嚴(yán)肅的；嚴(yán)重的D.positive積極的

【考查點(diǎn)】形容詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)句意可知，核電站被損是一件很?chē)?yán)肅的事情。因?yàn)闀?huì)導(dǎo)致核泄漏等不良影響。C選項(xiàng)serious“嚴(yán)肅的，嚴(yán)重的”滿足句意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B、D選項(xiàng)均無(wú)法與空格前后構(gòu)成相應(yīng)邏輯關(guān)系。核電站被損這件事情并不是好的事情；

A選項(xiàng)negative通常指消極的負(fù)面的，形容態(tài)度或者某件事的影響。

【句意】關(guān)于核電站被地震破壞的消息是很?chē)?yán)重的。

12.單選題

Thepatheticsightbroughtbittearstomyeyesagainandmademychestachewiththeweightofsuchsadness.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.indifferent

B.pitiful

C.disgraceful

D.promising

【答案】B

【解析】上下文語(yǔ)義。A選項(xiàng)indifferent“冷漠的；不關(guān)心的”；B選項(xiàng)pitiful“可憐的”；C選項(xiàng)disgraceful“可恥的”；D選項(xiàng)promising“有前途的”。句意：這____的景象又一次讓我的眼睛里充滿了淚水，我的胸口因?yàn)檫@種悲傷的重量而感到疼痛。根據(jù)句意，這種景象讓人流淚，讓人悲傷而心痛，B選項(xiàng)pitiful“可憐的”最符合語(yǔ)境，原文pathetic“可憐的，悲哀的”。因此，本題最佳選項(xiàng)為B。

13.單選題

Themiserwillnotdonateanymoneytocharitybecauseheis（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.greedy

B.thrifty

C.stingy

D.careful

【答案】C

【解析】形容詞辨析。句意：這位吝嗇鬼是不會(huì)捐一點(diǎn)錢(qián)的,因?yàn)樗?/p>

。greedy貪婪的；thrifty節(jié)儉的；stingy吝嗇的；careful謹(jǐn)慎的。故選C。

14.問(wèn)答題

Hearguesthathewouldnotwant(A)hischildrenhavetosuffer(B)hardshipornotbe(C)sociallyacceptablebecauseoflackofmoney(D).

【答案】試題答案：B;tohavetosuffer

【解析】考查固定句型。wantsb.todosth.為固定搭配，意為“想要某人做某事”。

15.單選題

Ingeneral,theamountthatastudentspendsforhousingshouldbeheldtoone-fifththetotal（

）forlivingexpenses.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.acceptable

B.available

C.advisable

D.applicable

【答案】B

【解析】句意:通常，一個(gè)學(xué)生花在住房上的費(fèi)用應(yīng)控制在可支配生活費(fèi)總額的五分之一以內(nèi)。

考查形容詞辨析。acceptable可接受的，令人滿意的；available可獲得的，可購(gòu)得的，有空的；advisable明智的，可取的；applicable適用的，可實(shí)施的。故B符合句意。

16.單選題

______,themoreseverethewintersare.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Themoreyougonorth

B.Thefarthernorthyougo

C.Themorenorthyougo

D.Thefartheryougothenorth

【答案】B

【解析】【試題解析】考查比較級(jí)。A選項(xiàng)Themoreyougonorth“去北方的次數(shù)越多”；B選項(xiàng)Thefarthernorthyougo“越往北走”；C選項(xiàng)Themorenorthyougo語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤，more和north不放一起；D選項(xiàng)Thefartheryougothenorth應(yīng)該是gotothenorth。句意：______，冬天的寒氣越重。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境，B選項(xiàng)Thefarthernorthyougo“越往北走”符合題意。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

17.單選題

Itisbelievedthattherecentfindingsarealsoapplicabletootherareasofdesignengineering.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.practical

B.relevant

C.convenient

D.comparable

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)句意：人們相信，最近的發(fā)現(xiàn)也適用于設(shè)計(jì)工程的其他領(lǐng)域。applicable意為“可適用的，可應(yīng)用的”。A選項(xiàng)practical“實(shí)際的，實(shí)用性的”；B選項(xiàng)relevant“相關(guān)的”；C選項(xiàng)convenient“方便的”；D選項(xiàng)comparable“類(lèi)似的，可比較的”。選項(xiàng)A與之意思最為接近。

18.單選題

Jimmyearnshislivingby（）worksofartinthemuseum.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.recovering

B.restoring