考研考博-英語-喀什職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-喀什職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第壹套一.全考點押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.單選題

Parentsoftenfacedthe（）betweendoingwhattheyfeltwasgoodforthedevelopment,ofthechildandwhattheycouldstandbywayofundisciplinednoiseanddestructiveness.

問題1選項

A.junction

B.paradox

C.premise

D.dilemma

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項junction“連接，接合，樞紐”；B選項paradox“自相矛盾的說法”；C選項premise“前提”；D選項dilemma“進退兩難的局面”。句意：父母總是_____的選擇：到底是該做他們自己認(rèn)為對孩子發(fā)展有益的事，還是該容忍孩子任性的吵鬧和破壞。這里表達的意思是父母面臨兩難的抉擇，因此D選項符合題意。

2.單選題

It’sabsolutely（）thatyougetthatformsentoffbythetwenty-thirdofthismonth.

問題1選項

A.vital

B.fatal

C.mortal

D.neutral

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。vital“至關(guān)重要的，生死攸關(guān)的”；fatal“致命的；重大的；毀滅性的”；mortal“凡人的；致死的”；neutral“中立的，中性的”。句意：你這個月二十三號把那個表格寄出去，這非常重要。選項A符合題意。

3.翻譯題

A:TranslatethefollowingpassageintoEnglishandwriteyourtranslationontheAnswerSheet.

1.Bothresearchandpracticalexperiencehaveshownthatare（）（均衡的飲食對健康是必不可少的）。

2.Hedesignedthefirstsuspensionbridge,which（）（把美觀和功能完美地結(jié)合起來）。

3.我們必須培養(yǎng)分析問題和解決問題的能力。

4.認(rèn)識落后，才能改變落后。學(xué)習(xí)先進，才有可能趕超先進。

5.一個不怕困難、百折不撓、堅持到底的科學(xué)工作者一定會在科研工作中取得光輝的成就。

【答案】1.Bothresearchandpracticalexperiencehaveshownthatarebalanceddietsareessentialtogoodhealth.

2.Hedesignedthefirstsuspensionbridge,whichcombinesbeautywithfunctionperfectly.

3.Wemustdeveloptheabilitytoanalyzeandsolveproblems.

4.Onlybyunderstandingbackwardnesscanwechangebackwardness.Learningadvancedmakesitpossibletocatchupwithandsurpasstheadvanced.

5.Ascientificworkerwhoisnotafraidofdifficulties,perseveringinspiteofsetbacksandperseveringtotheendwillsurelyachievebrilliantachievementsinhisscientificresearchwork.

4.單選題

Otherfactors（

）tothedevelopmentofeconomicglobalizationareadvancedscientifictechnologiesandbettertransportationsystem.

問題1選項

A.causing

B.giving

C.contributing

D.resulting

【答案】C

【解析】動詞辨析題。cause“成為…的原因，導(dǎo)致”；give“提供，給予”；contribute“貢獻，出力，通常和介詞to連用”；result“導(dǎo)致，發(fā)生”；根據(jù)空格后的介詞to和句意‘（

）經(jīng)濟全球化發(fā)展的其他因素是先進的科學(xué)技術(shù)和更好的運輸系統(tǒng)。’確定C選項正確。

5.單選題

15.

問題1選項

A.Thesmallpillsshouldbetakenonceadaybeforesleep.

B.Theyellowpillsshouldbetakenonceadaybeforesupper.

C.Thewhitepillsshouldbetakenonceadaybeforebreakfast.

D.Thelargeroundpillsshouldbetakenthreetimesadayaftermeals.

【答案】D

【解析】M:Ijustwant

tocheckifyouunderstandwhichpillstotakeandwhen?

W:Theyellowoneinthemorningandtheothers,oh,Ithinkno,maybe,ah,bestifIwriteitdown!ThenIwon’tforget!

M:Hereissomepaper!Theyellowoneonceadaybeforebreakfast,thelargeroundonethreetimesadayaftermeals,thesmalloneswhenyouneedoneforsleeping.

Q:Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?

【解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。男士說：Theyellowoneonceadaybeforebreakfast,thelargeroundonethreetimesadayaftermeals,thesmalloneswhenyouneedoneforsleeping。故選D。

6.單選題

“Thereisaweirdpowerinaspokenword,”JosephConradoncesaid.

問題1選項

A.mighty

B.prospective

C.odd

D.formidable

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。weird表示“奇怪的，不可思議的”；A項mighty“強有力的”，B項prospective“未來的”，C項odd“古怪的”，D項formidable“令人敬畏的”。句意：約瑟夫?康納德（JosephConrad）曾經(jīng)說過：“口頭語言擁有神奇的力量?！备鶕?jù)句意可知C項正確。

7.單選題

Wehavebeentoldthatyoungpeoplehavetogotocollegebecauseoureconomycan’tabsorbanarmyofuntrainedeighteen-year-olds.Butdisappointinggraduatesarelearningthatitcannolongerabsorbanarmyoftrainedtwenty-two-year-olds,either.

問題1選項

A.gotocollege

B.anarmyof

C.disappointinggraduates

D.either

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞的使用。disappointing是形容詞，表示“令人失望的”，一般用于事物給人的感覺，修飾是事物，這里修飾的名詞是graduates（畢業(yè)生），該處應(yīng)該要表示“感到失望的畢業(yè)生”，所以要用disappointed（感到失望的）。句意：我們被告知，年輕人必須上大學(xué)，因為我們的經(jīng)濟無法吸納大批未經(jīng)訓(xùn)練的18歲青年。但失望的畢業(yè)生們發(fā)現(xiàn)，它也無法再吸收大批訓(xùn)練有素的22歲年輕人。因此，該題選擇C項。

8.單選題

Thirty-onemillionAmericanareover60yearsofage,andtwenty-ninemillionofthemarehealthy,busy,productivecitizens.Bytheyear2030,oneineveryfivepeopleintheUnitedStateswillbeover60.Elderlypeoplearemembersofthefastest-growingminorityinthiscountry.Manycallthisthe“grayingofAmerica”.

In1973,agroupcalledthe“GrayPanthers”wasorganized.Thisgroupismadeupofyoungandoldcitizens.TheyaretryingtodealwiththespecialproblemsofgrowingoldinAmerica.TheGrayPanthersknowthatmanyelderlypeoplehavehealthproblems:somecannotwalkwell,otherscannotseeorhearwell.Somehavefinancialproblems;pricesaregoingupsofastthattheelderlycan’taffordthefood,clothing,andhousingtheyneed.Someoldpeopleareafraidandhavesafetyproblems.Othershaveemotionalproblems.Manyelderlyarelonelybecauseofthedeathofahusbandorawife.TheGrayPanthersknowanotherfact,too.Elderlypeoplewanttobeasindependentaspossible.So,theGrayPanthersarelookingforwaystosolvethespecialproblemsoftheelderly.

ThepresidentoftheGrayPanthersisMaggieKuhn,anactivewomaninherlate70s.ShetravelsacrosstheUnitedStates,educatingbothyoungandoldabouttheconcernsofelders.Oneoftheproblemsshetalksaboutiswhereandhowelderslive.ShesaysthatAmericansdonotencourageelderstolivewithyoungerpeople.AsfarasMaggieKuhnisconcerned,onlyelderswhoneedconstantmedicalcareshouldbeinnursinghomes.

MaggieKuhnknowsthateldersneededucation,too.ShespendslotsoftimetalkingtogroupsofolderAmericans.Sheencouragesthemtocontinuetoliveintheirownhousesifitispossible.Shealsotellsthemthatitisimportanttolivewithyoungerpeopleandtohavechildrenaroundthem.Thishelpselderstostayyoungatheart.

1.Whathealthproblemsdomanyelderlyhave?

2.Nursinghomes（）.

3.MaggieKuhntravelsacrosstheUnitedStatesinorderto（）elders.

4.OneoftheproblemsMaggieKuhntalksaboutis（）.

5.MaggieKuhnencourageseldersto（）.

問題1選項

A.Theyfeellonely.

B.Theyaresufferingfromcancer.

C.Theycannotwalkorseeorhearwell.

D.Theyhavegotheartproblems.

問題2選項

A.aregoodforelderswhoneedconstantmedicalcare

B.helpkeepeldersyoung

C.aresetupfortrainingnurses

D.areplaceswheresmallchildrenaretakencareof

問題3選項

A.collectmoneyfor

B.showconcernsfor

C.findhousesfor

D.educatepeopletohelp

問題4選項

A.whyeldersshouldbetakencareof

B.whereandhowelderslive

C.whoneedsmedicalcare

D.howtoimproveeducationintheUSA

問題5選項

A.liveinnursinghomes

B.travelmore

C.livewithyoungerpeople

D.dosomehousework

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:C

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)第二段第四句“manyelderlypeoplehavehealthproblems:somecannotwalkwell,otherscannotseeorhearwell.”選項C與原文表述一致，正確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“Nursinghomes”定位到第三段最后一句“onlyelderswhoneedconstantmedicalcareshouldbeinnursinghomes.”只有需要不斷的醫(yī)療護理的老年人才應(yīng)該住進養(yǎng)老院。也就是說，養(yǎng)老院對需要持續(xù)醫(yī)療護理的老年人有益。選項A符合原文。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)第三段第二句“ShetravelsacrosstheUnitedStates,educatingbothyoungandoldabouttheconcernsofelders.”她走遍美國，教育年輕人和老年人關(guān)注老年人的問題。選項D正確。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)第三段第三句“Oneoftheproblemsshetalksaboutiswhereandhowelderslive.”選項B與原文表述一致，正確。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)最后一段的三四句，MaggieKuhn鼓勵老人繼續(xù)住在自己的房子里，和年輕人生活在一起，有孩子在身邊是很重要的。選項C符合原文。

9.單選題

4.

問題1選項

A.Pizzaisherfavoritefood.

B.Pizzaishersecondchoice.

C.Shedislikestheman’sidea.

D.Shecouldn’tagreewiththemanmore.

【答案】D

【解析】M:I’vegotanidea.Let’sorderapizza.

W:Great.Isecondthatnotion.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?

【解析】態(tài)度方向。男士提議定披薩，女士說：Great.Isecondthatnotion(好呀，我同意)。

10.單選題

Thefarmisamajormarketplaceformillionsoftonsofsyntheticfertilizersandpesticides,andforadvancedmachineryandthefuelrequiredtorunit.Themodemsuper-farm,largeandhighlycapitalized,isresourcedependentcomparedwiththediversifiedsmallfarmsthatwereoncedominant.Ondiversifiedfarms,majorenergyneedsmaybesuppliedbyresidenthumansandanimals.Soilfertilitymaybemaintainedbyalternatingcashcropsandrestorativecrops,andalsobyreturninganimalmanuretothesoil.Thisfarmingmodelofrelativelyself-sufficientagriculture,andthewayoflifeassociatedwithit,arestilleconomicallyviable，asdemonstratedbyprosperousAmishfarmersandotherpractitionersof“alternative”agriculture.Particularlyrelevanttotoday’smainstreamagriculturearetheenergy-savingpracticesonlarge“organic”farms,whicharethoroughlymechanizedbutwhichminimizetheuseofpesticidesandsyntheticfertilizers.

Bycomparison,mainstreamAmericanagriculturehasuntillatelybeencarelessinitsuseofenergy,water,andland.Whenfossilenergywascheap,applicationsoffertilizersandpesticidespaidlargedividends,sofarmerswereencouragedtousetheseproducts.Soonmostfarmersusedtoomuchfertilizerandpesticide.Farmersindryregionsenjoyedaneraofcheapwater，obtainedfrompubliclysubsidizedirrigationsystemsorfrompumpinggroundwaterusinginexpensiveenergy.ThesoiltoowasexpendableasdemandgrewforU.S.agriculturalproducts.

Theperiodofextraordinaryprofligacyintheuseofsoil,water,andfossilfuelsmaywellbeatanend.Thenewstructureoflargefarmsisquitesensitivetocostfactors.Theseadaptivefarms,whosedevelopmentwasassistedbypublictax,subsidy,andresearchpolicies,haveaccesstocapital,technologies,andmanagementskills,enablingthemtoswitchrelativelyquicklytoresource-conservingpractices—forexample,toalow-tillagesystemthatrequireslessfuel,thatshepherdssoilmoisture,andthatmayreducesoilerosion.Itseemslikelythatfederalprogramsthathaveenlargedourfarms,therefore,havehadafurtherresultofcreatingthepotentialforamoreconservingagriculture.Withrespecttoenergyuse,forexample,energycostsperunitofoutputarelowerforlargefarms,mainlybecausethesefarmsquicklyeconomizedonenergyascostsrose.Inthefuture,accordingtooneauthoritativeassessment,“agriculturalproductionislikelytousecapitalandlandmoreintensivelybutenergy,fertilizerandlaborlessintensively”.

1.Themaindifferencebetweenthemodemsuper-farmanddiversifiedfarmsliesin（）

2.Thesecondparagraphfocusesonthefactthat（）

3.Theword‘profligacy’inParagraphThreemostprobablymeans（）

4.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

5.Itcanbeseenfromthepassagethattheproblemofresourceconservationinagriculture（）

問題1選項

A.theirsizes

B.themachineryemployed

C.thedegreeofdependenceonresources

D.thekindsofcropscultivatedandanimalsraised

問題2選項

A.fossilenergywasonceverycheap

B.farmsindryareascouldgetcheapwater

C.mostAmericanfarmersusedtoomuchfertilizerandpesticide

D.mainstreamAmericanagricultureusedtobewastefulofenergy,waterandland

問題3選項

A.wastefulness

B.carefulness

C.profitability

D.economy

問題4選項

A.Thefarmingmodelandthewayoflifeondiversifiedfarmsareworkable.

B.Large‘organic’farmsuselargeamountsofpesticidesandsyntheticfertilizers.

C.Thenewadaptivefarmsarecapableofresource-conservingpractices.

D.Toreducesoilerosionisaresource-conservingpractice.

問題5選項

A.hasbeensolvedintheU.S.

B.hasnotyetbeenpaidanyattention

C.isbeingseriouslyandeffectivelydealtwith

D.willsoonbesolvedbyusingmorecapitalandland

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:C

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)第一段的第二句“Themodemsuperfarm,largeandhighlycapitalized,isresourcedependentcomparedwiththediversifiedsmallfarmsthatwereoncedominant.”現(xiàn)代超級農(nóng)場規(guī)模大、高度資本化，與曾經(jīng)占主導(dǎo)地位的多樣化的小型農(nóng)場相比，資源依賴性強。因此，兩者的不同主要在于資源依賴的程度不同。選項C正確。

2.判斷推理題。根據(jù)第二段的第一句“Bycomparison,mainstreamAmericanagriculturehasuntillatelybeencarelessinitsuseofenergy,water,andland.”相比之下，直到最近，美國主流農(nóng)業(yè)在能源、水和土地的使用上還很粗心。接下來，作者分別從能源、水和土壤三方面描述了浪費的現(xiàn)象，所以選項D正確。

3.詞義題。第三段的首句是承接上一段的內(nèi)容，第二段主要是講美國農(nóng)業(yè)對土壤、水和化石燃料的浪費。所以profligacy指wastefulness，選項A正確。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“Particularlyrelevanttotoday’smainstreamagricultureare...syntheticfertilizers.”與今天的主流農(nóng)業(yè)特別相關(guān)的是大型“有機”農(nóng)場的節(jié)能做法，這些農(nóng)場完全機械化，能夠最大限度地減少農(nóng)藥和合成肥料的使用。所以選項B表述錯誤。

5.判斷推理題。根據(jù)最后一段的內(nèi)容可知農(nóng)業(yè)資源保護問題正在得到認(rèn)真有效的解決。選項C正確。

11.單選題

Animportantpropertyofascientifictheoryisitsabilitytospurfurtherresearchandfurtherthinkingaboutaparticulartopic.

問題1選項

A.renovate

B.advocate

C.arouse

D.stimulate

【答案】D

【解析】考查動詞辨析。spur意為“鞭策，激勵，刺激”；renovate意為“翻新，修復(fù)，整修”；advocate意為“提倡”；arouse意為“引起”；stimulate意為“促進，激勵，刺激”。

句意：科學(xué)理論的一個重要特性是它能夠激勵對某一特定主題的進一步研究和思考。

12.單選題

Everybodylovesafatpayrise.Yetpleasureatyourowncanvanishifyoulearnthatacolleaguehasbeengivenabiggerone.Indeed,ifhehasareputationforslacking,youmightevenbeoutraged.Suchbehaviorisregardedas“alltoohuman”,withtheunderlyingassumptionthatotheranimalswouldnotbecapableofthisfinelydevelopedsenseofgrievance.ButastudybySarahBrosnanandFransdeWaalofEmoryUniversityinAtlanta,Georgia,whichhasjustbeenpublishedinNature,suggeststhatitisalltoomonkey,aswell.

Theresearchersstudiedthebehavioroffemalebrowncapuchinmonkeys.Theylookcute.Theyaregood-natured,co-cooperativecreatures,andtheysharetheirfoodreadily.Aboveall,liketheirfemalehumancounterparts,theytendtopaymuchcloserattentiontothevalueof“goodandservices”thanmales.

SuchcharacteristicsmakethemperfectcandidatesforDr.Brosnan’sandDr.deWaal’sstudy.Theresearchersspenttwoyearsteachingtheirmonkeystoexchangetokensforfood.Normally,themonkeyswerehappyenoughtoexchangepiecesofrockforslicesofcucumber.However,whentwomonkeyswereplacedinseparatebutadjoiningchambers,sothateachcouldobservewhattheotherwasgettinginreturnforitsrock,theirbehaviorbecamemarkedlydifferent.

Intheworldofcapuchins,grapesareluxurygoods(andmuchpreferabletocucumbers).Sowhenonemonkeywashandedagrapeinexchangeforhertoken,thesecondwasreluctanttohandhersoverforamerepieceofcucumber.Andifonereceivedagrapewithouthavingtoprovidehertokeninexchangeatall,theothereithertossedherowntokenattheresearcheroroutofthechamber,orrefusedtoacceptthesliceofcucumber.Indeed,themerepresenceofagrapeintheotherchamber(withoutanactualmonkeytoeatit)wasenoughtoinduceresentmentinafemalecapuchin.

Theresearcherssuggestthatcapuchinmonkeys,likehumans,areguidedbysocialemotions.Inthewild,theyareaco-operative,group-livingspecies.Suchco-operationislikelytobestableonlywheneachanimalfeelsitisnotbeingcheated.Feelingsofrighteousindignation,itseems,arenotthepreserveofpeoplealone.Refusingalesserrewardcompletelymakesthesefeelingsabundantlycleartoothermembersofthegroup.However,whethersuchasenseoffairnessevolvedindependentlyincapuchinsandhumans,orwhetheritstemsfromthecommonancestorthatthespecieshad35millionyearsago,is,asyet,anunansweredquestion.

1.Intheopeningparagraph,theauthorintroduceshistopicby______.

2.Thestatement“itisalltoomonkey”(Lastline,paragraph1)impliesthat______.

3.Femalecapuchinmonkeyswerechosenfortheresearchmostprobablybecausetheyare______.

4.Dr.BrosnanandDr.deWaalhaveeventuallyfoundintheirstudythatthemonkeys______.

5.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?

問題1選項

A.posingacontrast

B.justifyinganassumption

C.makingacomparison

D.explainingaphenomenon

問題2選項

A.monkeysarealsooutragedbyslackingrivals

B.resentingunfairnessisalsomonkey’snature

C.monkeys,likehumans,tendtobejealousofeachother

D.noanimalsotherthanmonkeyscandevelopsuchemotions

問題3選項

A.moreinclinedtoweighwhattheyget

B.attentivetoresearchers’instructions

C.niceinbothappearanceandtemperament

D.moregenerousthantheirmalecompanions

問題4選項

A.prefergrapestocucumbers

B.canbetaughttoexchangethings

C.willnotbeco-operativeiffeelingcheated

D.areunhappywhenseparatedfromothers

問題5選項

A.Monkeyscanbetrainedtodevelopsocialemotions.

B.Humanindignationevolvedfromanuncertainsource.

C.Animalsusuallyshowtheirfeelingsopenlyashumansdo.

D.Cooperationamongmonkeysremainsstableonlyintheworld.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】1.【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干意思是“開篇作者是通過什么方法切入主題？”。首段舉出人們對加薪不等的事情會氣憤，說這種行為是“人類化的”(alltoohuman)，但現(xiàn)在有研究表明這種行為也是“猴子化的”(alltoomonkey)行為。這里對這種行為的兩種可能的屬性進行類比以引出全文的主題；B項“證實一種假設(shè)”，原文提出的假定原本是人與猴不一樣，所以該項錯誤；D項“解釋一種現(xiàn)象”，這個說法不能夠?qū)㈤_頭和主題的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系結(jié)合起來。另外根據(jù)第二段第二行l(wèi)iketheirfemalehumancounterparts（就像女性人類一樣）可知，這是比較的相同點；A項“指出對比”和C項“做出對照”看起來都是對的，但是A項里面的contrast是指不同處的比較，comparison是指相同處的比較，因此該題C選項正確。

2.【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)推理題。題干意思是“第一段最后一行的句子itisalltoomoney暗示什么？”。先找到alltoohuman的是什么行為，根據(jù)第二句Yetpleasureatyourowncanvanishifyoulearnthatacolleaguehasbeengivenabiggerone.（然而，如果你得知一位同事的工資比你高，你自己的快樂就會消失）和第三句Indeed,ifhehasareputationforslacking,youmightevenbeoutraged.（事實上，如果他以懶散著稱，你甚至可能會感到憤怒）可以推斷出，人類對不公平的待遇會憤怒；最后一句提到有研究表明猴子也有這種行為，稱為alltoomonkey；因此alltoomonkey暗示對不公平的憎恨猴子也會。A項“猴子也會被懶散的競爭對手激怒”，文中只是提到人會被懶散的競爭對手激怒，沒有說動物也會被懶散的競爭對手激怒，所以不選；C項“猴子和人一樣，也會彼此嫉妒”是干擾項，文中的主題是告訴大家猴子和人一樣對不公平也會憤怒；D項“除了猴子沒有動物能夠培養(yǎng)出這樣的感情”，文中沒有提到其他動物，所以不選。因此該題只有B選項正確。

3.【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)推理題。題干意思是“選擇雌性卷尾猴作為研究對象，很可能是因為它們確實是……？”。第二段最后一句提到liketheirfemalehumancounterparts,theytendtopaymuchcloserattentiontothevalueof“goodsandservices”thanmales.（和人類女性一樣，它們往往比男性更關(guān)注“商品和服務(wù)”的價值），可知雌性猴子比雄性猴子更會權(quán)衡。B項“注意研究員的指示”，沒提到，所以不選；C項“漂亮且性情溫和”，第二段確實提到了雌性猴子可愛且性情溫和，但是這不是它們會被作為研究對象的原因，是因為它們和人類女性一樣對價值的權(quán)衡才是研究的原因；D項“比雄性伙伴更大方”也未提及。因此A選項正確。

4.【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實題。題干意思是“Brosnan博士和deWaal博士最終在他們的研究中發(fā)現(xiàn)，猴子……”。最后一段第三句Suchcooperationislikelytobestableonlywheneachanimalfeelsitisnotbeingcheated.（只有當(dāng)每只動物都覺得沒有被欺騙時，這種合作才有可能穩(wěn)定下來）可知，如果感覺受到欺騙，猴子之間的合作就被打破了。A項“相比黃瓜更喜歡葡萄”和B項“被教會交換東西”都是實驗中采取的一些行動，不是研究發(fā)現(xiàn)的結(jié)果，所以不選；D項“當(dāng)被分開時會不高興”，這個選項是斷章取義，因此錯誤。所以，本題正確答案是C選項。

5.【試題解析】判斷推理題。題干意思是“從最后一段我們可以推斷出什么？”。A選項“猴子可以通過訓(xùn)練來發(fā)展社交情緒”，看最后一段第一句Theresearchessuggestthatcapuchinmonkeys,likehumans,areguidedbysocialemotions（研究認(rèn)為，卷尾猴和人類一樣，也會受到社會情緒的引導(dǎo)）可知，社會情緒是受引導(dǎo)而不是訓(xùn)練，A項不選；C項“動物通常像人一樣公開表達自己的感情”，看最后一段第三行Feelingsofrighteousindignation,itseems,arenotthepreserveofpeoplealone.（義憤填膺的情緒，似乎并不是人類獨有的），這里文中描述的是憤怒的情緒，開頭也是以不公平待遇的憤怒開篇，C選項有點過度解讀，所以不選；D項“猴子之間的合作只有在野外才能保持穩(wěn)定”，文中是說不受到欺騙才會穩(wěn)定，D項錯誤；B項“人類的憤慨起源于一個不確定的來源”，根據(jù)最后一句whethersuchasenseoffairnessevolvedindependentlyincapuchinandhumans,orwhetheritstemsfromthecommonancestorthatthespecieshas35millionyearsago,is,asyet,anunansweredquestion.（這種公平感是在卷尾猴和人類身上獨立進化而來的，還是來自于3500萬年前該物種的共同祖先，至今仍是一個未解之謎），可知人類的這種憤慨起源于不確定的因素，因此B項正確。

13.單選題

Acensor’sdutyistoensurethatnocontentis（）inpublicationorfilms.

問題1選項

A.evil

B.obscure

C.obscene

D.opaque

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項evil“惡毒的;邪惡的”；B選項obscure“無名的;鮮為人知的”；C選項obscene“淫穢的;猥褻的”；D選項opaque“不透明的;不透光的”。句意：審查員的職責(zé)是確保出版物或電影中沒有淫穢內(nèi)容。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“審查員的職責(zé)”可知C符合句意。

14.寫作題

WriteontheANSWERSHEETaletterofabout150wordsbasedonthefollowingsituation:

SupposeyouareinterestedinaresearchprogramattheUniversityofCalifornia,UnitedStates.Writeanapplicationletter,statingyourpersonalqualities,accomplishmentsandotherreasonswhyyouareamongthosebestsuitedtodoresearchatthatuniversity.

【答案】略

15.翻譯題

商務(wù)印書館是中國現(xiàn)代出版史上歷史最悠久的文化出版機構(gòu)。作為國內(nèi)外著名的出版機構(gòu),它為文化的傳播和新知識的介紹做出了卓越的貢獻。出版物遍及社會科學(xué)、自然科學(xué)、應(yīng)用技術(shù)、文學(xué)藝術(shù)、兒童讀物、教科書、中外語文辭書、各類雜志和各個門類專業(yè)的工具書。商務(wù)印書館的出版物,對我國思想界、文化界、教育界均有一定的影響。

通信衛(wèi)星系統(tǒng)在過去的幾十年中取得了很大的成功,已引起了人們對未來的廣泛的關(guān)注,一些國家正在采用衛(wèi)星來發(fā)展國內(nèi)的通信,以取代傳統(tǒng)的陸地電話線。但是,衛(wèi)星研制、發(fā)射和運轉(zhuǎn)的成本很高,超出了一些國家的經(jīng)濟承受能力。盡管如此,通信衛(wèi)星系統(tǒng)得到了越來越多的人的重視和支持,這種技術(shù)會在未來更加普及。

【答案】TheCommercialPressistheoldestculturalpublishinghouseinthehistoryofChina’scontemporarypublication.Asawell-knownpublishinghouseenjoyinggreatprestigebothathomeandabroad,ithasmadeoutstandingcontributionstothepropagationofcultureandtheintroductionofnewknowledge.Bookspublishedbyitincludevariouscategoriesofpublicationsrelativetosocialscience,naturescience,appliedscience,artandliterature,children’sbooks,textbooks,dictionariesofChineseandforeignlanguages,differentkindsofmagazinesandspecializedreferencebooks,whichhaveexertedgreatinfluenceintheideological,culturalandeducationalcirclesofourcountry.

Communicationsatellitesystemshavebeenquiteasuccessinthepastdecades,evokingwidespreadattentiontotheirfuture.Somecountrieshavebeenusingsatellitesfordomesticcommunicationsinplaceofconventionaltelephonelinesonland.Butsatellites’development,launchingandoperationaresocostlythatsomecountriescan’tafford.Inspiteofallthis,communicationsatellitesaregainingattentionandsupportfrommoreandmorepeople.Thetechniqueseemslikelytobemorewidelyutilizedinthefuture.

16.單選題

Coffeeisthe（）ofthisdistrictandbringslocalfarmersalotofmoney.

問題1選項

A.majority

B.staple

C.spice

D.elite

【答案】B

【解析】句意:咖啡是這個地區(qū)的主要產(chǎn)品，給當(dāng)?shù)剞r(nóng)民帶來很多收入。

考查名詞辨析。majority大部分，大多數(shù)；staple主要產(chǎn)品，訂書釘，主食；spice香料，調(diào)味品，風(fēng)味；elite上層人士，掌權(quán)人物，精英。故B項符合句意。

17.單選題

Theirrefusaltocompromiseisamajor（）thatstandsinthewayoffurtherpace.

問題1選項

A.complication

B.danger

C.obstacle

D.hazard

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項complication“并發(fā)癥，復(fù)雜”；B選項danger“危險”；C選項obstacle“障礙”；D選項hazard“危險，風(fēng)險”。句意：他們拒絕妥協(xié)是阻礙進一步發(fā)展的主要（）。這里原句表達的意思是“阻礙進一步發(fā)展的障礙”，因此C選項符合題意。

18.單選題

Originallydesignedasworkclothesforminers,jeansarenowwormbyallsegmentsofsociety,theirappeal______bytheircomfortandaffordability.

問題1選項

A.overwhelmed

B.corroded

C.complicated

D.broadened

【答案】D

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項overwhelmed“（感情或感覺）充溢，難以禁受；擊敗，征服”；B選項corroded“腐蝕，侵蝕”；C選項complicated“使復(fù)雜”；D選項broadened“擴寬，擴大”。句意：牛仔褲最初是為礦工設(shè)計的工作服，現(xiàn)在受到社會各階層的追捧，它的吸引力因為舒適和實惠的特點而______。這里要填的是牛仔褲的吸引力因為舒適和實惠的特點而怎么樣，D選項broadened“擴寬，擴大”符合題意，也對應(yīng)前面牛仔褲受歡迎的特點。因此D選項正確。

19.單選題

Worldleadersneedtotakeactionontheenergycrisisthatistakingshapebeforeoureyes.Oilpricesare(1)anditlookslessandlesslikelythatthisisabubble.Thepriceofcoalhasdoubled.CountriesasfarapartasSouthAfricaandTajikistanare(2)bypowercuts.Richstates,nolongerstrangerstoperiodicblackouts(斷電),areworriedabout(3)ofenergysupply.Inthedevelopingworld,1.6billionpeople—aroundaquarterofthehumanrace—haveno(4)toelectricity.

Ibelievethatfundamentalchangesare(5)intheenergyfieldwhosesignificancewehavenotyetfullygrasped.Global(6)forenergyisrisingfastasthepopulationincreasesanddevelopingcountriessuchasChinaandIndia(7)dramaticeconomicgrowth.TheInternationalEnergyAgency(IEA)saystheworld’senergyneedscouldbe50%(8)in2030thantheyaretoday.Yetthefossilfuelsonwhichtheworldstilldependsare(9)andfarfromenvironmentallyfriendly.Seriousthoughtneedstobegivennowtocreatingfeasible(10).Theneedforcoordinatedpoliticalactiononenergyandrelated(11)—climatechangeandalleviatingpoverty,tonamebuttwo—hasneverbeenmore(12).Yetthereisnoglobalenergy(13)inwhichthecountriesoftheworldcanagree(14)jointsolutionstothepotentiallyenormousproblemswesee(15).

Sodoestheworldreallyneedyetanotherinternationalorganization?(16),yes.Aglobalenergyorganizationwould(17),notreplace,bodiesalreadyactiveintheenergyfield.Itwouldbringavitalinter-governmental(18)tobearonissueswhichcannotbeleftto(19)forcesalone,suchasthedevelopmentofnewenergytechnology,theroleofnuclearpowerandinnovativesolutionsforreducingpol