考研考博-英語(yǔ)-喀什職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-喀什職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第壹套一.全考點(diǎn)押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.單選題

Parentsoftenfacedthe（）betweendoingwhattheyfeltwasgoodforthedevelopment,ofthechildandwhattheycouldstandbywayofundisciplinednoiseanddestructiveness.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.junction

B.paradox

C.premise

D.dilemma

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)junction“連接，接合，樞紐”；B選項(xiàng)paradox“自相矛盾的說(shuō)法”；C選項(xiàng)premise“前提”；D選項(xiàng)dilemma“進(jìn)退兩難的局面”。句意：父母總是_____的選擇：到底是該做他們自己認(rèn)為對(duì)孩子發(fā)展有益的事，還是該容忍孩子任性的吵鬧和破壞。這里表達(dá)的意思是父母面臨兩難的抉擇，因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

2.單選題

It’sabsolutely（）thatyougetthatformsentoffbythetwenty-thirdofthismonth.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.vital

B.fatal

C.mortal

D.neutral

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。vital“至關(guān)重要的，生死攸關(guān)的”；fatal“致命的；重大的；毀滅性的”；mortal“凡人的；致死的”；neutral“中立的，中性的”。句意：你這個(gè)月二十三號(hào)把那個(gè)表格寄出去，這非常重要。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

3.翻譯題

A:TranslatethefollowingpassageintoEnglishandwriteyourtranslationontheAnswerSheet.

1.Bothresearchandpracticalexperiencehaveshownthatare（）（均衡的飲食對(duì)健康是必不可少的）。

2.Hedesignedthefirstsuspensionbridge,which（）（把美觀和功能完美地結(jié)合起來(lái)）。

3.我們必須培養(yǎng)分析問(wèn)題和解決問(wèn)題的能力。

4.認(rèn)識(shí)落后，才能改變落后。學(xué)習(xí)先進(jìn)，才有可能趕超先進(jìn)。

5.一個(gè)不怕困難、百折不撓、堅(jiān)持到底的科學(xué)工作者一定會(huì)在科研工作中取得光輝的成就。

【答案】1.Bothresearchandpracticalexperiencehaveshownthatarebalanceddietsareessentialtogoodhealth.

2.Hedesignedthefirstsuspensionbridge,whichcombinesbeautywithfunctionperfectly.

3.Wemustdeveloptheabilitytoanalyzeandsolveproblems.

4.Onlybyunderstandingbackwardnesscanwechangebackwardness.Learningadvancedmakesitpossibletocatchupwithandsurpasstheadvanced.

5.Ascientificworkerwhoisnotafraidofdifficulties,perseveringinspiteofsetbacksandperseveringtotheendwillsurelyachievebrilliantachievementsinhisscientificresearchwork.

4.單選題

Otherfactors（

）tothedevelopmentofeconomicglobalizationareadvancedscientifictechnologiesandbettertransportationsystem.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.causing

B.giving

C.contributing

D.resulting

【答案】C

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析題。cause“成為…的原因，導(dǎo)致”；give“提供，給予”；contribute“貢獻(xiàn)，出力，通常和介詞to連用”；result“導(dǎo)致，發(fā)生”；根據(jù)空格后的介詞to和句意‘（

）經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化發(fā)展的其他因素是先進(jìn)的科學(xué)技術(shù)和更好的運(yùn)輸系統(tǒng)?！_定C選項(xiàng)正確。

5.單選題

15.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Thesmallpillsshouldbetakenonceadaybeforesleep.

B.Theyellowpillsshouldbetakenonceadaybeforesupper.

C.Thewhitepillsshouldbetakenonceadaybeforebreakfast.

D.Thelargeroundpillsshouldbetakenthreetimesadayaftermeals.

【答案】D

【解析】M:Ijustwant

tocheckifyouunderstandwhichpillstotakeandwhen?

W:Theyellowoneinthemorningandtheothers,oh,Ithinkno,maybe,ah,bestifIwriteitdown!ThenIwon’tforget!

M:Hereissomepaper!Theyellowoneonceadaybeforebreakfast,thelargeroundonethreetimesadayaftermeals,thesmalloneswhenyouneedoneforsleeping.

Q:Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?

【解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。男士說(shuō)：Theyellowoneonceadaybeforebreakfast,thelargeroundonethreetimesadayaftermeals,thesmalloneswhenyouneedoneforsleeping。故選D。

6.單選題

“Thereisaweirdpowerinaspokenword,”JosephConradoncesaid.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.mighty

B.prospective

C.odd

D.formidable

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。weird表示“奇怪的，不可思議的”；A項(xiàng)mighty“強(qiáng)有力的”，B項(xiàng)prospective“未來(lái)的”，C項(xiàng)odd“古怪的”，D項(xiàng)formidable“令人敬畏的”。句意：約瑟夫?康納德（JosephConrad）曾經(jīng)說(shuō)過(guò)：“口頭語(yǔ)言擁有神奇的力量?！备鶕?jù)句意可知C項(xiàng)正確。

7.單選題

Wehavebeentoldthatyoungpeoplehavetogotocollegebecauseoureconomycan’tabsorbanarmyofuntrainedeighteen-year-olds.Butdisappointinggraduatesarelearningthatitcannolongerabsorbanarmyoftrainedtwenty-two-year-olds,either.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.gotocollege

B.anarmyof

C.disappointinggraduates

D.either

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞的使用。disappointing是形容詞，表示“令人失望的”，一般用于事物給人的感覺，修飾是事物，這里修飾的名詞是graduates（畢業(yè)生），該處應(yīng)該要表示“感到失望的畢業(yè)生”，所以要用disappointed（感到失望的）。句意：我們被告知，年輕人必須上大學(xué)，因?yàn)槲覀兊慕?jīng)濟(jì)無(wú)法吸納大批未經(jīng)訓(xùn)練的18歲青年。但失望的畢業(yè)生們發(fā)現(xiàn)，它也無(wú)法再吸收大批訓(xùn)練有素的22歲年輕人。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)。

8.單選題

Thirty-onemillionAmericanareover60yearsofage,andtwenty-ninemillionofthemarehealthy,busy,productivecitizens.Bytheyear2030,oneineveryfivepeopleintheUnitedStateswillbeover60.Elderlypeoplearemembersofthefastest-growingminorityinthiscountry.Manycallthisthe“grayingofAmerica”.

In1973,agroupcalledthe“GrayPanthers”wasorganized.Thisgroupismadeupofyoungandoldcitizens.TheyaretryingtodealwiththespecialproblemsofgrowingoldinAmerica.TheGrayPanthersknowthatmanyelderlypeoplehavehealthproblems:somecannotwalkwell,otherscannotseeorhearwell.Somehavefinancialproblems;pricesaregoingupsofastthattheelderlycan’taffordthefood,clothing,andhousingtheyneed.Someoldpeopleareafraidandhavesafetyproblems.Othershaveemotionalproblems.Manyelderlyarelonelybecauseofthedeathofahusbandorawife.TheGrayPanthersknowanotherfact,too.Elderlypeoplewanttobeasindependentaspossible.So,theGrayPanthersarelookingforwaystosolvethespecialproblemsoftheelderly.

ThepresidentoftheGrayPanthersisMaggieKuhn,anactivewomaninherlate70s.ShetravelsacrosstheUnitedStates,educatingbothyoungandoldabouttheconcernsofelders.Oneoftheproblemsshetalksaboutiswhereandhowelderslive.ShesaysthatAmericansdonotencourageelderstolivewithyoungerpeople.AsfarasMaggieKuhnisconcerned,onlyelderswhoneedconstantmedicalcareshouldbeinnursinghomes.

MaggieKuhnknowsthateldersneededucation,too.ShespendslotsoftimetalkingtogroupsofolderAmericans.Sheencouragesthemtocontinuetoliveintheirownhousesifitispossible.Shealsotellsthemthatitisimportanttolivewithyoungerpeopleandtohavechildrenaroundthem.Thishelpselderstostayyoungatheart.

1.Whathealthproblemsdomanyelderlyhave?

2.Nursinghomes（）.

3.MaggieKuhntravelsacrosstheUnitedStatesinorderto（）elders.

4.OneoftheproblemsMaggieKuhntalksaboutis（）.

5.MaggieKuhnencourageseldersto（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Theyfeellonely.

B.Theyaresufferingfromcancer.

C.Theycannotwalkorseeorhearwell.

D.Theyhavegotheartproblems.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.aregoodforelderswhoneedconstantmedicalcare

B.helpkeepeldersyoung

C.aresetupfortrainingnurses

D.areplaceswheresmallchildrenaretakencareof

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.collectmoneyfor

B.showconcernsfor

C.findhousesfor

D.educatepeopletohelp

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.whyeldersshouldbetakencareof

B.whereandhowelderslive

C.whoneedsmedicalcare

D.howtoimproveeducationintheUSA

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.liveinnursinghomes

B.travelmore

C.livewithyoungerpeople

D.dosomehousework

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:C

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第二段第四句“manyelderlypeoplehavehealthproblems:somecannotwalkwell,otherscannotseeorhearwell.”選項(xiàng)C與原文表述一致，正確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“Nursinghomes”定位到第三段最后一句“onlyelderswhoneedconstantmedicalcareshouldbeinnursinghomes.”只有需要不斷的醫(yī)療護(hù)理的老年人才應(yīng)該住進(jìn)養(yǎng)老院。也就是說(shuō)，養(yǎng)老院對(duì)需要持續(xù)醫(yī)療護(hù)理的老年人有益。選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第三段第二句“ShetravelsacrosstheUnitedStates,educatingbothyoungandoldabouttheconcernsofelders.”她走遍美國(guó)，教育年輕人和老年人關(guān)注老年人的問(wèn)題。選項(xiàng)D正確。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第三段第三句“Oneoftheproblemsshetalksaboutiswhereandhowelderslive.”選項(xiàng)B與原文表述一致，正確。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)最后一段的三四句，MaggieKuhn鼓勵(lì)老人繼續(xù)住在自己的房子里，和年輕人生活在一起，有孩子在身邊是很重要的。選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

9.單選題

4.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Pizzaisherfavoritefood.

B.Pizzaishersecondchoice.

C.Shedislikestheman’sidea.

D.Shecouldn’tagreewiththemanmore.

【答案】D

【解析】M:I’vegotanidea.Let’sorderapizza.

W:Great.Isecondthatnotion.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?

【解析】態(tài)度方向。男士提議定披薩，女士說(shuō)：Great.Isecondthatnotion(好呀，我同意)。

10.單選題

Thefarmisamajormarketplaceformillionsoftonsofsyntheticfertilizersandpesticides,andforadvancedmachineryandthefuelrequiredtorunit.Themodemsuper-farm,largeandhighlycapitalized,isresourcedependentcomparedwiththediversifiedsmallfarmsthatwereoncedominant.Ondiversifiedfarms,majorenergyneedsmaybesuppliedbyresidenthumansandanimals.Soilfertilitymaybemaintainedbyalternatingcashcropsandrestorativecrops,andalsobyreturninganimalmanuretothesoil.Thisfarmingmodelofrelativelyself-sufficientagriculture,andthewayoflifeassociatedwithit,arestilleconomicallyviable，asdemonstratedbyprosperousAmishfarmersandotherpractitionersof“alternative”agriculture.Particularlyrelevanttotoday’smainstreamagriculturearetheenergy-savingpracticesonlarge“organic”farms,whicharethoroughlymechanizedbutwhichminimizetheuseofpesticidesandsyntheticfertilizers.

Bycomparison,mainstreamAmericanagriculturehasuntillatelybeencarelessinitsuseofenergy,water,andland.Whenfossilenergywascheap,applicationsoffertilizersandpesticidespaidlargedividends,sofarmerswereencouragedtousetheseproducts.Soonmostfarmersusedtoomuchfertilizerandpesticide.Farmersindryregionsenjoyedaneraofcheapwater，obtainedfrompubliclysubsidizedirrigationsystemsorfrompumpinggroundwaterusinginexpensiveenergy.ThesoiltoowasexpendableasdemandgrewforU.S.agriculturalproducts.

Theperiodofextraordinaryprofligacyintheuseofsoil,water,andfossilfuelsmaywellbeatanend.Thenewstructureoflargefarmsisquitesensitivetocostfactors.Theseadaptivefarms,whosedevelopmentwasassistedbypublictax,subsidy,andresearchpolicies,haveaccesstocapital,technologies,andmanagementskills,enablingthemtoswitchrelativelyquicklytoresource-conservingpractices—forexample,toalow-tillagesystemthatrequireslessfuel,thatshepherdssoilmoisture,andthatmayreducesoilerosion.Itseemslikelythatfederalprogramsthathaveenlargedourfarms,therefore,havehadafurtherresultofcreatingthepotentialforamoreconservingagriculture.Withrespecttoenergyuse,forexample,energycostsperunitofoutputarelowerforlargefarms,mainlybecausethesefarmsquicklyeconomizedonenergyascostsrose.Inthefuture,accordingtooneauthoritativeassessment,“agriculturalproductionislikelytousecapitalandlandmoreintensivelybutenergy,fertilizerandlaborlessintensively”.

1.Themaindifferencebetweenthemodemsuper-farmanddiversifiedfarmsliesin（）

2.Thesecondparagraphfocusesonthefactthat（）

3.Theword‘profligacy’inParagraphThreemostprobablymeans（）

4.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

5.Itcanbeseenfromthepassagethattheproblemofresourceconservationinagriculture（）

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.theirsizes

B.themachineryemployed

C.thedegreeofdependenceonresources

D.thekindsofcropscultivatedandanimalsraised

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.fossilenergywasonceverycheap

B.farmsindryareascouldgetcheapwater

C.mostAmericanfarmersusedtoomuchfertilizerandpesticide

D.mainstreamAmericanagricultureusedtobewastefulofenergy,waterandland

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.wastefulness

B.carefulness

C.profitability

D.economy

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Thefarmingmodelandthewayoflifeondiversifiedfarmsareworkable.

B.Large‘organic’farmsuselargeamountsofpesticidesandsyntheticfertilizers.

C.Thenewadaptivefarmsarecapableofresource-conservingpractices.

D.Toreducesoilerosionisaresource-conservingpractice.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.hasbeensolvedintheU.S.

B.hasnotyetbeenpaidanyattention

C.isbeingseriouslyandeffectivelydealtwith

D.willsoonbesolvedbyusingmorecapitalandland

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:C

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第一段的第二句“Themodemsuperfarm,largeandhighlycapitalized,isresourcedependentcomparedwiththediversifiedsmallfarmsthatwereoncedominant.”現(xiàn)代超級(jí)農(nóng)場(chǎng)規(guī)模大、高度資本化，與曾經(jīng)占主導(dǎo)地位的多樣化的小型農(nóng)場(chǎng)相比，資源依賴性強(qiáng)。因此，兩者的不同主要在于資源依賴的程度不同。選項(xiàng)C正確。

2.判斷推理題。根據(jù)第二段的第一句“Bycomparison,mainstreamAmericanagriculturehasuntillatelybeencarelessinitsuseofenergy,water,andland.”相比之下，直到最近，美國(guó)主流農(nóng)業(yè)在能源、水和土地的使用上還很粗心。接下來(lái)，作者分別從能源、水和土壤三方面描述了浪費(fèi)的現(xiàn)象，所以選項(xiàng)D正確。

3.詞義題。第三段的首句是承接上一段的內(nèi)容，第二段主要是講美國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)對(duì)土壤、水和化石燃料的浪費(fèi)。所以profligacy指wastefulness，選項(xiàng)A正確。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“Particularlyrelevanttotoday’smainstreamagricultureare...syntheticfertilizers.”與今天的主流農(nóng)業(yè)特別相關(guān)的是大型“有機(jī)”農(nóng)場(chǎng)的節(jié)能做法，這些農(nóng)場(chǎng)完全機(jī)械化，能夠最大限度地減少農(nóng)藥和合成肥料的使用。所以選項(xiàng)B表述錯(cuò)誤。

5.判斷推理題。根據(jù)最后一段的內(nèi)容可知農(nóng)業(yè)資源保護(hù)問(wèn)題正在得到認(rèn)真有效的解決。選項(xiàng)C正確。

11.單選題

Animportantpropertyofascientifictheoryisitsabilitytospurfurtherresearchandfurtherthinkingaboutaparticulartopic.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.renovate

B.advocate

C.arouse

D.stimulate

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。spur意為“鞭策，激勵(lì)，刺激”；renovate意為“翻新，修復(fù)，整修”；advocate意為“提倡”；arouse意為“引起”；stimulate意為“促進(jìn)，激勵(lì)，刺激”。

句意：科學(xué)理論的一個(gè)重要特性是它能夠激勵(lì)對(duì)某一特定主題的進(jìn)一步研究和思考。

12.單選題

Everybodylovesafatpayrise.Yetpleasureatyourowncanvanishifyoulearnthatacolleaguehasbeengivenabiggerone.Indeed,ifhehasareputationforslacking,youmightevenbeoutraged.Suchbehaviorisregardedas“alltoohuman”,withtheunderlyingassumptionthatotheranimalswouldnotbecapableofthisfinelydevelopedsenseofgrievance.ButastudybySarahBrosnanandFransdeWaalofEmoryUniversityinAtlanta,Georgia,whichhasjustbeenpublishedinNature,suggeststhatitisalltoomonkey,aswell.

Theresearchersstudiedthebehavioroffemalebrowncapuchinmonkeys.Theylookcute.Theyaregood-natured,co-cooperativecreatures,andtheysharetheirfoodreadily.Aboveall,liketheirfemalehumancounterparts,theytendtopaymuchcloserattentiontothevalueof“goodandservices”thanmales.

SuchcharacteristicsmakethemperfectcandidatesforDr.Brosnan’sandDr.deWaal’sstudy.Theresearchersspenttwoyearsteachingtheirmonkeystoexchangetokensforfood.Normally,themonkeyswerehappyenoughtoexchangepiecesofrockforslicesofcucumber.However,whentwomonkeyswereplacedinseparatebutadjoiningchambers,sothateachcouldobservewhattheotherwasgettinginreturnforitsrock,theirbehaviorbecamemarkedlydifferent.

Intheworldofcapuchins,grapesareluxurygoods(andmuchpreferabletocucumbers).Sowhenonemonkeywashandedagrapeinexchangeforhertoken,thesecondwasreluctanttohandhersoverforamerepieceofcucumber.Andifonereceivedagrapewithouthavingtoprovidehertokeninexchangeatall,theothereithertossedherowntokenattheresearcheroroutofthechamber,orrefusedtoacceptthesliceofcucumber.Indeed,themerepresenceofagrapeintheotherchamber(withoutanactualmonkeytoeatit)wasenoughtoinduceresentmentinafemalecapuchin.

Theresearcherssuggestthatcapuchinmonkeys,likehumans,areguidedbysocialemotions.Inthewild,theyareaco-operative,group-livingspecies.Suchco-operationislikelytobestableonlywheneachanimalfeelsitisnotbeingcheated.Feelingsofrighteousindignation,itseems,arenotthepreserveofpeoplealone.Refusingalesserrewardcompletelymakesthesefeelingsabundantlycleartoothermembersofthegroup.However,whethersuchasenseoffairnessevolvedindependentlyincapuchinsandhumans,orwhetheritstemsfromthecommonancestorthatthespecieshad35millionyearsago,is,asyet,anunansweredquestion.

1.Intheopeningparagraph,theauthorintroduceshistopicby______.

2.Thestatement“itisalltoomonkey”(Lastline,paragraph1)impliesthat______.

3.Femalecapuchinmonkeyswerechosenfortheresearchmostprobablybecausetheyare______.

4.Dr.BrosnanandDr.deWaalhaveeventuallyfoundintheirstudythatthemonkeys______.

5.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.posingacontrast

B.justifyinganassumption

C.makingacomparison

D.explainingaphenomenon

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.monkeysarealsooutragedbyslackingrivals

B.resentingunfairnessisalsomonkey’snature

C.monkeys,likehumans,tendtobejealousofeachother

D.noanimalsotherthanmonkeyscandevelopsuchemotions

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.moreinclinedtoweighwhattheyget

B.attentivetoresearchers’instructions

C.niceinbothappearanceandtemperament

D.moregenerousthantheirmalecompanions

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.prefergrapestocucumbers

B.canbetaughttoexchangethings

C.willnotbeco-operativeiffeelingcheated

D.areunhappywhenseparatedfromothers

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Monkeyscanbetrainedtodevelopsocialemotions.

B.Humanindignationevolvedfromanuncertainsource.

C.Animalsusuallyshowtheirfeelingsopenlyashumansdo.

D.Cooperationamongmonkeysremainsstableonlyintheworld.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】1.【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干意思是“開篇作者是通過(guò)什么方法切入主題？”。首段舉出人們對(duì)加薪不等的事情會(huì)氣憤，說(shuō)這種行為是“人類化的”(alltoohuman)，但現(xiàn)在有研究表明這種行為也是“猴子化的”(alltoomonkey)行為。這里對(duì)這種行為的兩種可能的屬性進(jìn)行類比以引出全文的主題；B項(xiàng)“證實(shí)一種假設(shè)”，原文提出的假定原本是人與猴不一樣，所以該項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；D項(xiàng)“解釋一種現(xiàn)象”，這個(gè)說(shuō)法不能夠?qū)㈤_頭和主題的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系結(jié)合起來(lái)。另外根據(jù)第二段第二行l(wèi)iketheirfemalehumancounterparts（就像女性人類一樣）可知，這是比較的相同點(diǎn)；A項(xiàng)“指出對(duì)比”和C項(xiàng)“做出對(duì)照”看起來(lái)都是對(duì)的，但是A項(xiàng)里面的contrast是指不同處的比較，comparison是指相同處的比較，因此該題C選項(xiàng)正確。

2.【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)推理題。題干意思是“第一段最后一行的句子itisalltoomoney暗示什么？”。先找到alltoohuman的是什么行為，根據(jù)第二句Yetpleasureatyourowncanvanishifyoulearnthatacolleaguehasbeengivenabiggerone.（然而，如果你得知一位同事的工資比你高，你自己的快樂就會(huì)消失）和第三句Indeed,ifhehasareputationforslacking,youmightevenbeoutraged.（事實(shí)上，如果他以懶散著稱，你甚至可能會(huì)感到憤怒）可以推斷出，人類對(duì)不公平的待遇會(huì)憤怒；最后一句提到有研究表明猴子也有這種行為，稱為alltoomonkey；因此alltoomonkey暗示對(duì)不公平的憎恨猴子也會(huì)。A項(xiàng)“猴子也會(huì)被懶散的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手激怒”，文中只是提到人會(huì)被懶散的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手激怒，沒有說(shuō)動(dòng)物也會(huì)被懶散的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手激怒，所以不選；C項(xiàng)“猴子和人一樣，也會(huì)彼此嫉妒”是干擾項(xiàng)，文中的主題是告訴大家猴子和人一樣對(duì)不公平也會(huì)憤怒；D項(xiàng)“除了猴子沒有動(dòng)物能夠培養(yǎng)出這樣的感情”，文中沒有提到其他動(dòng)物，所以不選。因此該題只有B選項(xiàng)正確。

3.【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)推理題。題干意思是“選擇雌性卷尾猴作為研究對(duì)象，很可能是因?yàn)樗鼈兇_實(shí)是……？”。第二段最后一句提到liketheirfemalehumancounterparts,theytendtopaymuchcloserattentiontothevalueof“goodsandservices”thanmales.（和人類女性一樣，它們往往比男性更關(guān)注“商品和服務(wù)”的價(jià)值），可知雌性猴子比雄性猴子更會(huì)權(quán)衡。B項(xiàng)“注意研究員的指示”，沒提到，所以不選；C項(xiàng)“漂亮且性情溫和”，第二段確實(shí)提到了雌性猴子可愛且性情溫和，但是這不是它們會(huì)被作為研究對(duì)象的原因，是因?yàn)樗鼈兒腿祟惻砸粯訉?duì)價(jià)值的權(quán)衡才是研究的原因；D項(xiàng)“比雄性伙伴更大方”也未提及。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

4.【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“Brosnan博士和deWaal博士最終在他們的研究中發(fā)現(xiàn)，猴子……”。最后一段第三句Suchcooperationislikelytobestableonlywheneachanimalfeelsitisnotbeingcheated.（只有當(dāng)每只動(dòng)物都覺得沒有被欺騙時(shí)，這種合作才有可能穩(wěn)定下來(lái)）可知，如果感覺受到欺騙，猴子之間的合作就被打破了。A項(xiàng)“相比黃瓜更喜歡葡萄”和B項(xiàng)“被教會(huì)交換東西”都是實(shí)驗(yàn)中采取的一些行動(dòng)，不是研究發(fā)現(xiàn)的結(jié)果，所以不選；D項(xiàng)“當(dāng)被分開時(shí)會(huì)不高興”，這個(gè)選項(xiàng)是斷章取義，因此錯(cuò)誤。所以，本題正確答案是C選項(xiàng)。

5.【試題解析】判斷推理題。題干意思是“從最后一段我們可以推斷出什么？”。A選項(xiàng)“猴子可以通過(guò)訓(xùn)練來(lái)發(fā)展社交情緒”，看最后一段第一句Theresearchessuggestthatcapuchinmonkeys,likehumans,areguidedbysocialemotions（研究認(rèn)為，卷尾猴和人類一樣，也會(huì)受到社會(huì)情緒的引導(dǎo)）可知，社會(huì)情緒是受引導(dǎo)而不是訓(xùn)練，A項(xiàng)不選；C項(xiàng)“動(dòng)物通常像人一樣公開表達(dá)自己的感情”，看最后一段第三行Feelingsofrighteousindignation,itseems,arenotthepreserveofpeoplealone.（義憤填膺的情緒，似乎并不是人類獨(dú)有的），這里文中描述的是憤怒的情緒，開頭也是以不公平待遇的憤怒開篇，C選項(xiàng)有點(diǎn)過(guò)度解讀，所以不選；D項(xiàng)“猴子之間的合作只有在野外才能保持穩(wěn)定”，文中是說(shuō)不受到欺騙才會(huì)穩(wěn)定，D項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；B項(xiàng)“人類的憤慨起源于一個(gè)不確定的來(lái)源”，根據(jù)最后一句whethersuchasenseoffairnessevolvedindependentlyincapuchinandhumans,orwhetheritstemsfromthecommonancestorthatthespecieshas35millionyearsago,is,asyet,anunansweredquestion.（這種公平感是在卷尾猴和人類身上獨(dú)立進(jìn)化而來(lái)的，還是來(lái)自于3500萬(wàn)年前該物種的共同祖先，至今仍是一個(gè)未解之謎），可知人類的這種憤慨起源于不確定的因素，因此B項(xiàng)正確。

13.單選題

Acensor’sdutyistoensurethatnocontentis（）inpublicationorfilms.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.evil

B.obscure

C.obscene

D.opaque

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)evil“惡毒的;邪惡的”；B選項(xiàng)obscure“無(wú)名的;鮮為人知的”；C選項(xiàng)obscene“淫穢的;猥褻的”；D選項(xiàng)opaque“不透明的;不透光的”。句意：審查員的職責(zé)是確保出版物或電影中沒有淫穢內(nèi)容。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“審查員的職責(zé)”可知C符合句意。

14.寫作題

WriteontheANSWERSHEETaletterofabout150wordsbasedonthefollowingsituation:

SupposeyouareinterestedinaresearchprogramattheUniversityofCalifornia,UnitedStates.Writeanapplicationletter,statingyourpersonalqualities,accomplishmentsandotherreasonswhyyouareamongthosebestsuitedtodoresearchatthatuniversity.

【答案】略

15.翻譯題

商務(wù)印書館是中國(guó)現(xiàn)代出版史上歷史最悠久的文化出版機(jī)構(gòu)。作為國(guó)內(nèi)外著名的出版機(jī)構(gòu),它為文化的傳播和新知識(shí)的介紹做出了卓越的貢獻(xiàn)。出版物遍及社會(huì)科學(xué)、自然科學(xué)、應(yīng)用技術(shù)、文學(xué)藝術(shù)、兒童讀物、教科書、中外語(yǔ)文辭書、各類雜志和各個(gè)門類專業(yè)的工具書。商務(wù)印書館的出版物,對(duì)我國(guó)思想界、文化界、教育界均有一定的影響。

通信衛(wèi)星系統(tǒng)在過(guò)去的幾十年中取得了很大的成功,已引起了人們對(duì)未來(lái)的廣泛的關(guān)注,一些國(guó)家正在采用衛(wèi)星來(lái)發(fā)展國(guó)內(nèi)的通信,以取代傳統(tǒng)的陸地電話線。但是,衛(wèi)星研制、發(fā)射和運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)的成本很高,超出了一些國(guó)家的經(jīng)濟(jì)承受能力。盡管如此,通信衛(wèi)星系統(tǒng)得到了越來(lái)越多的人的重視和支持,這種技術(shù)會(huì)在未來(lái)更加普及。

【答案】TheCommercialPressistheoldestculturalpublishinghouseinthehistoryofChina’scontemporarypublication.Asawell-knownpublishinghouseenjoyinggreatprestigebothathomeandabroad,ithasmadeoutstandingcontributionstothepropagationofcultureandtheintroductionofnewknowledge.Bookspublishedbyitincludevariouscategoriesofpublicationsrelativetosocialscience,naturescience,appliedscience,artandliterature,children’sbooks,textbooks,dictionariesofChineseandforeignlanguages,differentkindsofmagazinesandspecializedreferencebooks,whichhaveexertedgreatinfluenceintheideological,culturalandeducationalcirclesofourcountry.

Communicationsatellitesystemshavebeenquiteasuccessinthepastdecades,evokingwidespreadattentiontotheirfuture.Somecountrieshavebeenusingsatellitesfordomesticcommunicationsinplaceofconventionaltelephonelinesonland.Butsatellites’development,launchingandoperationaresocostlythatsomecountriescan’tafford.Inspiteofallthis,communicationsatellitesaregainingattentionandsupportfrommoreandmorepeople.Thetechniqueseemslikelytobemorewidelyutilizedinthefuture.

16.單選題

Coffeeisthe（）ofthisdistrictandbringslocalfarmersalotofmoney.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.majority

B.staple

C.spice

D.elite

【答案】B

【解析】句意:咖啡是這個(gè)地區(qū)的主要產(chǎn)品，給當(dāng)?shù)剞r(nóng)民帶來(lái)很多收入。

考查名詞辨析。majority大部分，大多數(shù)；staple主要產(chǎn)品，訂書釘，主食；spice香料，調(diào)味品，風(fēng)味；elite上層人士，掌權(quán)人物，精英。故B項(xiàng)符合句意。

17.單選題

Theirrefusaltocompromiseisamajor（）thatstandsinthewayoffurtherpace.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.complication

B.danger

C.obstacle

D.hazard

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)complication“并發(fā)癥，復(fù)雜”；B選項(xiàng)danger“危險(xiǎn)”；C選項(xiàng)obstacle“障礙”；D選項(xiàng)hazard“危險(xiǎn)，風(fēng)險(xiǎn)”。句意：他們拒絕妥協(xié)是阻礙進(jìn)一步發(fā)展的主要（）。這里原句表達(dá)的意思是“阻礙進(jìn)一步發(fā)展的障礙”，因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

18.單選題

Originallydesignedasworkclothesforminers,jeansarenowwormbyallsegmentsofsociety,theirappeal______bytheircomfortandaffordability.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.overwhelmed

B.corroded

C.complicated

D.broadened

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)overwhelmed“（感情或感覺）充溢，難以禁受；擊敗，征服”；B選項(xiàng)corroded“腐蝕，侵蝕”；C選項(xiàng)complicated“使復(fù)雜”；D選項(xiàng)broadened“擴(kuò)寬，擴(kuò)大”。句意：牛仔褲最初是為礦工設(shè)計(jì)的工作服，現(xiàn)在受到社會(huì)各階層的追捧，它的吸引力因?yàn)槭孢m和實(shí)惠的特點(diǎn)而______。這里要填的是牛仔褲的吸引力因?yàn)槭孢m和實(shí)惠的特點(diǎn)而怎么樣，D選項(xiàng)broadened“擴(kuò)寬，擴(kuò)大”符合題意，也對(duì)應(yīng)前面牛仔褲受歡迎的特點(diǎn)。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

19.單選題

Worldleadersneedtotakeactionontheenergycrisisthatistakingshapebeforeoureyes.Oilpricesare(1)anditlookslessandlesslikelythatthisisabubble.Thepriceofcoalhasdoubled.CountriesasfarapartasSouthAfricaandTajikistanare(2)bypowercuts.Richstates,nolongerstrangerstoperiodicblackouts(斷電),areworriedabout(3)ofenergysupply.Inthedevelopingworld,1.6billionpeople—aroundaquarterofthehumanrace—haveno(4)toelectricity.

Ibelievethatfundamentalchangesare(5)intheenergyfieldwhosesignificancewehavenotyetfullygrasped.Global(6)forenergyisrisingfastasthepopulationincreasesanddevelopingcountriessuchasChinaandIndia(7)dramaticeconomicgrowth.TheInternationalEnergyAgency(IEA)saystheworld’senergyneedscouldbe50%(8)in2030thantheyaretoday.Yetthefossilfuelsonwhichtheworldstilldependsare(9)andfarfromenvironmentallyfriendly.Seriousthoughtneedstobegivennowtocreatingfeasible(10).Theneedforcoordinatedpoliticalactiononenergyandrelated(11)—climatechangeandalleviatingpoverty,tonamebuttwo—hasneverbeenmore(12).Yetthereisnoglobalenergy(13)inwhichthecountriesoftheworldcanagree(14)jointsolutionstothepotentiallyenormousproblemswesee(15).

Sodoestheworldreallyneedyetanotherinternationalorganization?(16),yes.Aglobalenergyorganizationwould(17),notreplace,bodiesalreadyactiveintheenergyfield.Itwouldbringavitalinter-governmental(18)tobearonissueswhichcannotbeleftto(19)forcesalone,suchasthedevelopmentofnewenergytechnology,theroleofnuclearpowerandinnovativesolutionsforreducingpol