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書山有路勤為徑,學海無涯苦作舟!住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-宜賓職業(yè)技術學院押題密卷附帶答案詳解(圖片大小可自由調(diào)整)全文為Word可編輯,若為PDF皆為盜版,請謹慎購買!第壹套一.全考點押題密卷-綜合訓練(共50題)1.單選題

Therewereseveralexplanationsofthephenomenon,nobody______therightonethefirsttime.

問題1選項

A.gotholdof

B.agreedupon

C.hiton

D.caughtupwith

【答案】C

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項“gotholdof”意為“把握;抓??;得到”;B選項“agreedupon”意為“對……取得一致意見;同意某主意”;C選項“hiton”意為“偶然發(fā)現(xiàn);忽然想到”;D選項“caughtupwith”意為“趕上;逮捕;處罰”。句意:對這一現(xiàn)象有幾種解釋,但沒有人一開始就能忽然想到正確的解釋。由題干可知,therightone指正確的解釋,所以相應的動詞應該是想到。因此C選項符合題意。

2.單選題

Atthesametime,thepublicwillnotadmittherandom,(

)alterationofplans,norwithoutcomplainthechangeablenessofplans.

問題1選項

A.capricious

B.randomicity

C.unpublicized

D.sedentary

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞及名詞辨析。capricious“反復無常的”;randomicity“任意性”;unpublicized“未公布的”;sedentary“靜坐的”。句意:同時,民眾將不會容許對計劃進行任意和反復無常的變更,也不會毫無怨言的容許計劃的易變性。由random及changeablenessofplans可知A項符合題意。答案A。

3.單選題

TheprefixMachisusedtodescribesupersonicspeed.ItwasnamedforErnstMach(1838-1916),aCzech-bornAustrianphysicist,whocontributedtothestudyofsound.Whentwicethespeedofsound,itisMach2.Whenitisnearbutbelowthespeedofsound,itsspeedcanbedesignatedatlessthanMach1,forexample,Mach0.9.Machisdefinedas“theratioofthevelocityofarocketorajettothevelocityofsoundinthemediumbeingconsidered.”

Whenaplanepassesthesoundbarrier—flyingfasterthansoundtravels—listenersintheareahearthunderclaps,butthepilotoftheplanedoesnothearthem.

Soundisproducedbyvibrationsofanobjectandistransmittedbyalternateincreaseanddecreaseinpressurethatradiateoutwardthroughamaterialmediaofmolecules—somewhatlikewavesspreadingoutonapondafterarockhasbeentossedintoit.

Thefrequencyofsoundisdeterminedbythenumberoftimesthevibratingwavesundulate(波動)persecondandismeasuredincyclespersecond.Theslowerthecycleofwaves,thelowerthefrequency.Asfrequenciesincrease,thesoundishigherinpitch.

Soundisaudibletohumanbeingsonlyifthefrequencyfallswithinacertainrange.Thehumanearisusuallynotsensitivetofrequenciesoffewerthan20vibrationspersecond,ormorethanabout20,000vibrationspersecond—althoughthisrangevariesamongindividuals.Anythingatapitchhigherthanthehumanearcanhearistermedultrasonic.

Intensity,orloudness,isthestrengthofthepressureoftheseradiatingwavesandismeasuredindecibels.Thehumanearrespondstointensityinarangefromzeroto120decibels.Anysoundwithpressureover120decibelsispainfultothehumanear.

Thespeedofsoundisgenerallyplacedat1.088feetpersecondatsealevelat32degreesFahrenheit.Itvariesinothertemperaturesandindifferentmedia.Soundtravelsfasterinwaterthaninair,andevenfasterinironandsteel.Ittravelsamilein5secondsinair,itdoesamileunderwaterin1second,andittravelsthroughironin1/3second.Ittravelsthroughicecoldvaporatapproximately4,708feetpersecond;ice-coldwater,4,938;granite,12,960;hardwood,12,620;brick,11,960;glass,16,410to19,690;silver,8,658;gold,5,717.

1.Accordingtothispassage,“Mach”refersto(

).

2.Soundisproducedby

).

3.Decibelis

).

4.WhichofthefollowingisaTRUEstatement?

5.Whichofthefollowingcanserveasthebesttitleofthispassage?

問題1選項

A.theratiooftheairspeedofanaircrafttothespeedofsound

B.amachine

C.aCzech-bornAustralianphysicist

D.thepilotoftheplane

問題2選項

A.vibrationsofanobjectpassingthroughtheair

B.spreadingofwavesafterarockbeingtossedintoapond

C.thunders

D.aflyingplane

問題3選項

A.thefrequencyofradiatingwaves

B.thepressureofradiatingwaves

C.theunitformeasuringtheintensityofsound

D.thespeedofsound

問題4選項

A.Soundtravelsfastestthroughthehardestthing.

B.Soundtravelsatdifferentspeedindifferenttemperaturesandindifferentmedia.

C.Soundtravelsfastestinhottesttemperature.

D.Soundtravelsfastestincoldesttemperature.

問題5選項

A.ThePrefixMach.

B.TheSpeedofSound.

C.TheFrequencyofSound.

D.TheIntensityofSound.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:B

【解析】1.細節(jié)判斷題。根據(jù)題干關鍵詞Mach定位到文章第一段中,由Machisdefinedas“theratioofthevelocityofarocketorajettothevelocityofsoundinthemediumbeingconsidered.”(馬赫被定義為“在被考慮的媒介中,火箭或飛機的速度與聲速的比率”)可知選A。

2.細節(jié)事實題。由文章第三段中的Soundisproducedbyvibrationsofanobjectandistransmittedbyalternateincreaseanddecreaseinpressurethatradiateoutwardthroughamaterialmediaofmolecules(聲音是由物體的振動產(chǎn)生的,并通過分子的物質(zhì)介質(zhì)向外輻射的壓力的交替增加和減少而傳播)可知A選項“物體通過空氣的振動”符合題意。

3.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)題干關鍵詞decibel定位到文章倒數(shù)第二段中,由Intensity,orloudness,isthestrengthofthepressureoftheseradiatingwavesandismeasuredindecibels.(強度,或響度,是這些輻射波的壓力強度,以分貝為單位)可知C選項“測量聲音強度的單位”符合題意。

4.推理判讀題。文章最后一段的“Itvariesinothertemperaturesandindifferentmedia.(它在其他溫度和不同的介質(zhì)中變化)”中的it指的是前句中的“thespendofsound(聲音的速度)”,然后介紹了在不同介質(zhì)中傳播的速度不同,因此B選項“聲音以不同的速度在不同的溫度和不同的介質(zhì)中傳播”符合題意。

5.主旨大意題。A選項僅適合文章第一段的主題;C選項僅適合第四段和第五段的主題;D選項僅適合第六段的主題。文章首段與尾段都提到了聲音的速度,中間也有提到,因此B選項“聲音的速度”符合題意。

4.單選題

Whiletyping,Kathyhadahabitofstopping()ogiveherlongandflowinghairasmooth.

問題1選項

A.promptly

B.simultaneously

C.eventually

D.occasionally

【答案】D

【解析】副詞辨析。句意:在打字的時候,凱西停下來梳理一下她柔順的長發(fā)的習慣。promptly敏捷地,迅速地;simultaneously同時地;eventually最終,最后;occasionally偶爾。因此,D項符合句意。

5.單選題

ValetaYoung,81,aretireefromLodi,Calif.,suffersfromcongestiveheartfailureandrequiresalmostconstantmonitoring.Butshedoesn’thavetodriveanywheretogetit.Twiceadayshestepsontoaspecialelectronicscale.Answersafewyesornoquestionsviapushbuttonsonasmallattachedmonitorandpressesabuttonthatsendstheinformationtoanurse’sstationinSanAntonio,Texas.“It’salmostadirectlinktomydoctor,”saysYoung,whodescribesherselfascomputerilliteratebutsaysshehasnoproblemsusingtheequipment.

Youngisnottheonlypatientwhoisdealingwithherdoctorfromadistance.Remotemonitoringisarapidlygrowingfieldinmedicaltechnology,withmorethan25firmscompetingtomeasureremotely—andtransmitbyphone,Internetorthroughtheairwaves—everythingfrompatients’heartratestohowoftentheycough.

Promptedbothbytheriseinhealth-carecostsandtheincreasingcomputerizationofhealth-careequipment,doctorsareusingremotemonitoringtotrackawideningvarietyofchronicdiseases.InMarch,St.FrancisUniversityinPittsburgh,Pa.,partneredwithacompanycalledBodyMediaonastudyinwhichruraldiabetespatientsusewirelessglucosemetersandarmbandsensorstomonitortheirdisease.Andlastfall,Yahoobeganofferingsubscriberstheabilitytocharttheirasthmaconditionsonline.UsingaPDA-sizerespiratorymonitorthatmeasureslungfunctionsinrealtimeande-mailsthedatedirectlytodoctors.

Suchhomemonitoring,saysDr.GeorgeDailey,aphysicianattheScrippsClinicinSanDiego,“couldsomedayreplacelessproductivewaysthatpatientstrack,changesintheirheartrte.Bloodsugar,lipidlevels,kidneyfunctionsandevenvision.”

Dr.TimothyMoore,executivevicepresidentofAlereMedical,whichproducedthesmartscalesthatYoungandmorethan10,000otherpatientsareusing,saysthatalmostanyvitalsigncould,intheory,bemonitoredfromhome.But,hewarns,thatmightnotalwaysmakegoodmedicalsense.Headvisesagainstperformingelectrocardiogramsremotely,forexample,andalthoughheacknowledgesthatremotemonitoringofblood-sugarlevelsanddiabeticulcersontheskinmayhaverealvalue,hepointsoutthattherearenotrulyindependentstudiesthatestablishthevalueofhometestingfordiabetesorasthma.

Suchstudiesareneededbecausethetechnologyisstillinitsinfancyandmedicalexpertsaredividedaboutitsvalue.Butononethingtheyallagree:youshouldneverrelyonanyremotetestingsystemwithoutclearingitwithyourdoctor.

66.HowdoesYoungmonitorherhealthconditions?

67.WhichofthefollowingisNOTusedinremotemonitoring?

68.Theword“prompted”mostprobablymeans____.

69.WhyisDr.TimothyMooreagainstperformingelectrocardiogramsremotely?

70.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothetext?

問題1選項

A.Byestablishingadirectlinktoherdoctor.

B.Byansweringafewyesornoquestions.

C.Bysteppingonanelectronicscale.

D.Byusingremotemonitoringservice.

問題2選項

A.theairwaves

B.telephone

C.Internet

D.car

問題3選項

A.made

B.reminded

C.aroused

D.driven

問題4選項

A.Becauseitsvaluehasnotbeenprovedbyscientificstudy.

B.Becauseitisalessproductivewayofmonitoring.

C.Becauseitdoesn’tmakegoodmedicalsense.

D.Becauseitisnotallowedbydoctors.

問題5選項

A.Computerilliterateisadvisednottouseremotemonitoring.

B.Thedevelopmentofremotemonitoringmarketisrathersluggish.

C.Remotemonitoringismainlyusedtotrackchronicdiseases.

D.Medicalexpertsagreeonthevalueofremotemonitoring.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:D

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:C

【解析】66.事實細節(jié)題。題干“Young是如何監(jiān)測自己的健康狀況的?”A選項“通過和她的醫(yī)生建立直接聯(lián)系”,可定位到第1段最后一句…It’salmostadirectlinktomydoctor…(……這幾乎和我的醫(yī)生有直接聯(lián)系……);B選項“通過回答幾個是或不是的問題”,可定位到第1段第4句Answersafewyesornoquestionsviapushbuttons…(通過按鍵回答一些是或不是的問題……);C選項“通過踩在電子秤上”,可定位到第1段第3句Twiceadayshestepsontoaspecialelectronicscale.(她每天兩次踏上一個特殊的電子秤。);D選項“通過使用遠程監(jiān)控服務”,可定位到第2段第1、2句Youngisnottheonlypatientwhoisdealingwithherdoctorfromadistance.Remotemonitoringisarapidlygrowingfieldinmedicaltechnology…(Young并不是唯一一個遠離醫(yī)生的病人。遠程監(jiān)控是醫(yī)療技術中迅速發(fā)展的一個領域。)綜上可以看出,Young是通過D選項“遠程監(jiān)控服務”來監(jiān)測自己的健康狀況的,A、B、C選項均為遠程監(jiān)控的具體措施。因此,本題最佳選項為D。

67.事實細節(jié)題。題干“以下哪一項在遠程監(jiān)控中不使用”,可定位到第2段最后一句Remotemonitoring…—andtransmitbyphone,Internetorthroughtheairwaves…(遠程監(jiān)控……通過電話、互聯(lián)網(wǎng)或電視廣播傳輸……)由此可知,A選項“電視廣播”、B選項“電話”、C選項“互聯(lián)網(wǎng)”都用到了,D選項“汽車”沒有用到。因此,本題最佳選項為D。

68.詞義推測題。題干“prompted這個詞的意思很可能是____”,可定位到第3段第1句Promptedbothbytheriseinhealth-carecostsandtheincreasingcomputerizationofhealth-careequipment,doctorsareusingremotemonitoringtotrackawideningvarietyofchronicdiseases.(被醫(yī)療保健費用的增加和醫(yī)療保健設備電腦化程度的提高____,醫(yī)生們使用遠程監(jiān)控來跟蹤越來越多種類的慢性病。)根據(jù)句意可知,“醫(yī)療保健費用的增加和醫(yī)療保健設備電腦化程度的提高”推動了“醫(yī)生們使用遠程監(jiān)控來跟蹤越來越多種類的慢性病”,D選項“驅(qū)策”最符合句意。A選項“制造”、B選項“提醒”、C選項“引起”,不符合語境。因此,本題最佳選項為D。

69.事實細節(jié)題。題干“為什么TimothyMoore醫(yī)生反對遠程做心電圖”,可定位到第5段第2句But,hewarns,thatmightnotalwaysmakegoodmedicalsense.Headvisesagainstperformingelectrocardiogramsremotely,forexample…(但是,他提醒說,這在醫(yī)學上可能并不總是合理的。例如,他建議不要遠程做心電圖。)由此可知,他反對遠程做心電圖是因為這么做在醫(yī)學上不合理,C選項“因為這在醫(yī)學上說不通”表述正確。A選項“因為它的價值還沒有被科學研究證實”,可定位到第5段最后一句hepointsoutthattherearenotrulyindependentstudiesthatestablishthevalueofhometestingfordiabetesorasthma.(他指出,目前還沒有真正獨立的研究能夠確定糖尿病或哮喘家庭測試的價值。)由此可知,沒有被科學研究證實價值的是糖尿病或哮喘家庭測試,而非遠程做心電圖,選項表述不正確,排除;

B選項“因為這是一種效率較低的監(jiān)控方式”、D選項“因為這是醫(yī)生不允許的”原文并未提及,排除。因此,本題最佳選項為C。

70.判斷推理題。題干“根據(jù)文章,下列哪個選項是正確的?”A選項“不懂電腦的人最好不要使用遠程監(jiān)控”,可定位到第1段最后一句…Young,whodescribesherselfascomputerilliteratebutsaysshehasnoproblemsusingtheequipment.(Young自稱是電腦盲,但說她使用這些設備沒有問題。)由此可知,不懂電腦的人也可以使用遠程監(jiān)控,選項表述錯誤,排除;B選項“遠程監(jiān)控市場的發(fā)展相當緩慢”,可定位到第2段第2句Remotemonitoringisarapidlygrowingfieldinmedicaltechnology…(遠程監(jiān)控是醫(yī)療技術中迅速發(fā)展的一個領域。)選項表述錯誤,排除;C選項“遠程監(jiān)測主要用于慢性病的跟蹤”,可定位到第3段第1句…doctorsareusingremotemonitoringtotrackawideningvarietyofchronicdiseases.(醫(yī)生們正在使用遠程監(jiān)控來追蹤越來越多種類的慢性病。)由此可知,遠程監(jiān)控主要用于慢性病,選項表述正確;D選項“醫(yī)學專家認同遠程監(jiān)控的價值”,可定位到最后一段第1句…medicalexpertsaredividedaboutitsvalue.(醫(yī)學專家對它的價值意見不一。)由此可知,有的專家認同,有的專家不認同,選項表述錯誤,排除。因此,本題最佳選項為C。

6.單選題

Theydecidedto____theirdifferencesinpursuitofacommongoal.

問題1選項

A.submit

B.surrender

C.substitute

D.submerge

【答案】D

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.submit屈從B.surrender投降

C.substitute替代D.submerge湮滅

【答案】D

【考查點】語義銜接與動詞辨析

【解題思路】空格處所在部分語義為“____他們的差異”,由此可知,該動詞為及物動詞,直接帶賓語“他們的差異”;根據(jù)后文“為了追求一個共同的目標”可知,他們應該是放棄了、擱置了或消除了差異,以追求共同的目標。綜上所述,D選項submerge“湮滅”最符合題意,submergetheirdifferences“消除他們的差異”。

【干擾項排除】

A選項submit“屈從”,常搭配介詞to,原句中沒有介詞,側(cè)重于指向……屈服,不得已接受;

B選項surrender“投降”,常搭配介詞to,原句中沒有介詞,側(cè)重于指投降或被迫放棄;

C選項substitute“替代”,不符合原句語義銜接。

【句意】他們決定消除分歧以追求一個共同的目標。

7.翻譯題

Still,theideaofanimalsfeelingemotionsremainscontroversialamongmanyscientists.Researchers’skepticismisfueledinpartbytheirprofessionalaversiontoanthropomorphism(動物人格化),theverynonscientifictendencytoattributehumanqualitiestononhumans.Manyscientistsalsosaythatitisimpossibletoproveanimalshaveemotionsusingstandardscientificmethods—repeatableobservationsthatcanbemanipulatedincontrolledexperiments—leadingthemtoconcludethatsuchfeelingsmustnotexist.Today,however,amidmountingevidencetothecontrary,“thetideisturningradicallyandrapidly,”saysBekoff,whoisattheforefrontofthismovement.

Eventhemostharshskepticsofanimalpassionagreethatmanycreaturesexperiencefear—whichsomescientistsdefineasa“primary”emotionthatcontrastswith“secondary”emotionssuchasloveandgrief.Unlikethesemorecomplexfeelings,fearisinstinctiveandrequiresnoconsciousthought.

Butbeyondsuchinstinctiveemotionsandtheirpredictablebehavioralresponses,thepossibilityofmorecomplexanimalfeelings—thosethatentailmentalprocessing—isdifficulttodemonstrate,becausefeelingsareintangible,andsotoughtostudyscientifically.

Thenewcaseforanimalemotionscomesinpartfromthegrowingacceptabilityoffieldobservations,particularlywhentheyaretakeninaggregate.Thelatestcontributiontothisbodyofknowledgeisanewbook.TheSmileofaDolphin,whichpresentspersonalreportsfrommorethan50researcherswhohavespenttheircareersstudyinganimals—fromcats,dogs,andchimpstobirdsandfish,editedbyBekoff,whosaysitwillfinally“l(fā)egitimize”researchonanimalemotions.

【答案】【參考譯文】

但是,許多科學家仍然對動物也有情感的觀點持有異議。研究人員之所以表示懷疑,部分原因是他們出于職業(yè)習慣討厭擬人論,因為他們認為這是一種將人類的特性強加在非人類生物身上的毫無科學根據(jù)的主觀傾向。許多科學家還認為用標準的科學方法無法證明動物是有情感的——在受控實驗環(huán)境下可進行重復觀察——這使他們得出結(jié)論,認為這些所謂的動物情感一定不存在。但是如今出現(xiàn)越來越多相反的證據(jù)。站在這場運動前沿的貝科夫說道:“這場運動的潮流正在根本性地迅速轉(zhuǎn)向?!?/p>

甚至連那些對動物情感論持絕對懷疑態(tài)度的人也認為,許多動物有恐懼感——有的科學家認為,恐懼是與愛和悲傷等“中級”情感相對的“初級”情感。與較為復雜的“中級”情感相比,恐懼是一種本能,它不需要任何有意識的思維。

但是,除了這些具有本能性質(zhì)的情感及其可預見的行為反應之外,科學家很難證明動物可能存在更為復雜的情感,即那些需要有心理活動過程的情感,因為感情是無形的,很難用科學的方法進行研究。

動物情感方面出現(xiàn)新主張,部分原因是越來越多的人愿意接受研究人員取得的實地觀察結(jié)果,特別是把這些觀察結(jié)果匯總到一起時。新書《海豚的微笑》對這一知識體系做出了最新貢獻。該書收錄了50多名研究人員撰寫的個人報告,這些研究人員將自己的整個職業(yè)生涯都傾注在對動物的研究——貓、狗、熊、黑猩猩、鳥和魚等動物。該書的編輯貝科夫認為,這本書最終會使動物情感的研究“合法化”。

8.單選題

Beefcattle______ofalllivestockforeconomicgrowthinthecertaingeographicregions.

問題1選項

A.themostareimportant

B.arethemostimportant

C.isthemostimportant

D.thataremostimportant

【答案】B

【解析】考查句子成分。句意:在某些地區(qū),肉牛是經(jīng)濟增長最重要的牲畜。根據(jù)題目和選項確定句子結(jié)構為主語+系動詞+表語結(jié)構,所以用be動詞;根據(jù)cattle是集合名詞確定用復數(shù)形式;根據(jù)形容詞最高級結(jié)構為themost+adj.確定用themostimportant,所以B選項arethemostimportant符合題意。因此B選項正確。

9.單選題

Thisnewroundoflayoffoccurringinmajorindustrialcitieswillonlyreduceprofitsand(

)aneconomiccrisis.

問題1選項

A.rectify

B.precipitate

C.offend

D.alternate

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項rectify“改正,校正”;B選項precipitate“使……突然降臨;加速(壞事的發(fā)生),使突然陷入(某種狀態(tài))”;C選項offend“得罪,冒犯,犯罪”;D選項alternate“交替,輪流”。由reduceprofitsand_____aneconomiccrisis(減少利潤和_____經(jīng)濟危機)可知B選項符合語境。句意:主要工業(yè)城市新一輪的停產(chǎn)只會降低利潤并陷入經(jīng)濟危機。

10.單選題

Thereistoogreata(

)ofalcoholinBritain.

問題1選項

A.consumption

B.destruction

C.absence

D.transmission

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。consumption“消費;消耗”;destruction“破壞;毀滅”;absence“缺乏;缺席”;transmission“傳動裝置;傳送”。句意:英國的酒精消耗太大了。選項A符合題意。

11.單選題

Awordprocessorismuchbetterthanatypewriterinthatitenablesyoutoenterand(

)yourtextmoreeasily.

問題1選項

A.register

B.edit

C.propose

D.discharge

【答案】B

【解析】句意:文字信息處理機比打字機好得多,因為它能使你更容易地輸入和編輯文本。

動詞辨析。Register登記,注冊;edit編輯,校對;propose建議,打算;discharge排放,解雇。因此B符合句意。

12.單選題

ItisthehighhumiditythatmakesLondonwinterssochilly,(

).

問題1選項

A.notthelowtemperatures

B.notlownessoftemperatures

C.sincelowtemperaturesarenotaspresent

D.notthatitstemperaturesarebeinglow

【答案】A

【解析】語法題。這是個強調(diào)句,題目強調(diào)的是highhumidity,并且需填入的部分與thehighhumidity是并列成分,根據(jù)句意‘使倫敦的冬季如此之冷的是高濕度而不是低氣溫’確定A選項正確。

13.單選題

Afterfouryearsinthesamejobhisenthusiasmfinally(

).

問題1選項

A.deteriorated

B.dissipated

C.dispersed

D.drained

【答案】D

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。deteriorate“惡化”;dissipate“浪費”;disperse“分散”;drain“排水;耗盡”。句意:在同一份工作上干了四年,他對工作的熱情慢慢耗盡了。選項D符合題意。

14.單選題

Thecouplehasdonatedanot()amountofmoneytothefoundation.

問題1選項

A.inconsiderable

B.inconsiderate

C.inaccurate

D.incomparable

【答案】A

【解析】句意:這對夫婦為這個基金會己經(jīng)捐獻了不少錢。

考查形容詞辨析。inconsiderable小的,不値得考慮的,微不足道的;inconsiderate輕率的,不顧別人的;inaccurate不精確的,不準確的;incomparable無可匹敵的,不能比較的。故A符合句意。

15.單選題

A(),hewasprobablyoneofthemostrealisticwritersofhisday.

問題1選項

A.self-confessingromantic

B.self-confessedromance

C.self-confessingromance

D.self-confessedromantic

【答案】D

【解析】考查詞性辨析。self-confessing無此用法,排除A和C選項;self-confessed“自認為的”。根據(jù)后半句可知選項的重心是描述一個人,因此選擇romantic“浪漫的人”,而romance“傳奇,浪漫史,冒險故事”不符合句意。因此D選項符合題意。

16.單選題

Theprospectofincreasedpricehasalready(

)worries.

問題1選項

A.provoked

B.irritated

C.inspired

D.hoisted

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞辨析。provoke“激起,挑起,引起”;irritate“刺激,使興奮,激怒”;inspire“激發(fā),鼓舞,啟示”;hoist“把……吊起,升起”。句意:價格上漲的前景已經(jīng)引起了人們的擔憂。A項符合題意。

17.單選題

Thetargetiswrong,forinattackingthetests,criticsdivertattentionfromthefaultthatlies______ill-informedorincompetentusers.

問題1選項

A.in

B.at

C.with

D.on

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定詞組。A項liein“在于,睡懶覺”,B項lie沒有與at搭配的用法;C項liewith“取決于,是……的權利”,D項lieon“位于,壓迫,依賴”。句意:目標是錯誤的,因為在抨擊這類測試時,批評者沒有考慮其弊病來自人們對測試不甚了解或使用不當。故正確答案為C。

18.單選題

Thefirehascausedgreatlosses,butthefactorytriedto______theconsequencesbysayingthatthedamagewasnotasseriousasreported.

問題1選項

A.decrease

B.subtract

C.minimize

D.degrade

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項decrease“減少,減小”,強調(diào)事物逐漸減少的過程,主要是指數(shù)量、質(zhì)量等方面的減少;B選項subtract“減去”;C選項minimize“最小化,將……減到最小”;D選項degrade“降低(地位),貶低”。句意:這場火災造成了巨大損失,但工廠表示損失沒有報道的嚴重,試圖將后果降到最低。

19.問答題

Directions:Afteryouhavereadthefollowingpassage,writeoutasummaryinEnglishwhitabout70to90words.PutyoursummaryontheANSWERSHEET.

WhatisSociety?Societyisagroupofhumanbeings,heldtogetherbyagreementforreasonsthataremutuallybeneficialtotheindividualmembers.Societiesoperateasawhole,asacollectivebody,chieflyinwaysthatlookoutforthehighestcommongoodofall.Membershavespecificrolesandresponsibilitieswithinthesociety.Oneofthebestdirectanalogiesiswiththehumanbodyitself.Thecellsareallalive,independently,yettheygrouptogetherandestablishroles,responsibilities,andrelationshipsthatallowagreaterwholetoexistthatismorethanjustthesumoftheparts.Thecellsgainfromthespecificrolestheyplaybecausetheyareallowedtobewhattheyaremoreeffectively.Further,theyaregivenalimitedawarenessofthewholethattheireffortsaidincreating.

Similarly,whenindividualhumanbeingsgrouptogethertoformsocieties,anorganizationiscreatedinwhichthemembersarethecells.Subgroupsofthemembersmayformorgansthroughwhichhigherlevelfunctionscanthenmanifest.Iftherelationshipsareloose,thebodycreatedhaslimitedfunctionalityoverthatofanyindividualmemberbecausethereislittlesynergy.Whentherelationshipsarecloseandfoundedonabasisoflove,thebodythuscreatedhassignificantfunctionalityoverthatoftheindividuals.Whenthegroupissmall,feworganscanbecreatedsothereislimitedcomplexityorfunctionality.Whenthegroupislarge,manyorganscanbecreated,resultinginhighlyincreasedcomplexityandfunctionality.Countries,regions,statescities,andneighborhoodscouldallbeconsideredtobesocietiesascouldteams,groups,andanyotherorganizationsofpeople.Forourpurposeshere,themostimportantsocietyisTheUnitedStatesofAmericasinceitistheoneestablishedtosetuptheNewOrderfortheAges,novusordoseclorum.

Societyismorethanthegovernment,however.Italsoincludesalltheeconomicandsocialinfrastructurenecessarytoprovidepeoplewithwhattheyneed.

【答案】參考范文:Societyisagroupofhumanbeings,heldtogetherbyagreementforreasonsthataremutuallybeneficialtotheindividualmembers.Societiesoperateasawhole,chieflyinwaysthatlookoutforthehighestcommongoodofall.Membershavespecificrolesandresponsibilitieswithinthesociety.Societyismorethanthegovernment,however.Italsoincludestheentireeconomicandsocialinfrastructurenecessarytoprovidepeoplewithwhattheyneed.

20.單選題

Theappearanceoftheusedcaris(),it’smuchnewerthanitreallyis.

問題1選項

A.descriptive

B.indicative

C.deceptive

D.impressive

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項descriptive“描述的,敘述的”;B選項indicative“指示的,預示的”;C選項deceptive“欺騙性的”;D選項impressive“令人印象深刻的”,句意:這輛舊車的外觀具有迷惑性,轎車比實際的樣子新得多,所以選C。

21.單選題

Afterthestormcausedrawsewagetoseepintothegroundwater,theWaterDepartmenthadtotakemeasuresto(

)thecity’swatersupply.

問題1選項

A.refine

B.revive

C.freshen

D.decontaminate

【答案】D

【解析】動詞辨析題。refine“提煉,改善;revive“使復活,使恢復,使振奮”;freshen“使新鮮,使清爽,使有精神”;decontaminate“凈化,去除污染”,根據(jù)句意‘在風暴導致未處理的污水滲入地下水后,供水部門必須采取措施(

)該市供水?!_定D選項正確。

22.單選題

Freshwaterisfiniteandvulnerableresource,essentialtosustainlife,developmentandtheenvironment.

問題1選項

A.likelytofail

B.likelytoaccumulate

C.likelytoimprove

D.likelytoenhance

【答案】A

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.likelytofail可能會缺乏B.likelytoaccumulate可能會積累

C.likelytoimprove可能會改善D.likelytoenhance可能會提高

【考查點】詞義推測

【解題思路】該詞形容的是“淡水資源”,說明淡水的特性,與其并列的形容詞是finite“有限的”,A選項likelytofail“可能會缺乏”(fail有“不足,缺乏”的意思)最符合語境,原詞vulnerable“易受傷害的;脆弱的”。

【干擾項排除】

B選項likelytoaccumulate“可能會積累”與“有限的”矛盾;

C選項likelytoimprove“可能會改善”,與原文不符;

D選項likelytoenhance“可能會提高”,與原文不符。

【句意】淡水是有限和脆弱的資源,對維持生命、發(fā)展和環(huán)境至關重要。

23.案例題

BarbieDolls

Flashyclothes,theperfectboyfriend,aCorvette,Ferrari,fullsizeapartmentwithbeautifulfurnitureandaboat.She'sthewomanwhohaseverythingandeveryyearreceivesmore.Sinceherintroductionin1959,theBarbiedollmaybethemostinfluentialiconofAmericancultureinthelatetwentiethcentury.

(1).Sheattractedlittlegirlsbecauseofheradult-likefeatures.Beforethis,childrenlookedattoyslikeYogiBear,HowdyDoody,andbabydollsforinspiration.Withthecreationof?Barbie,girlsnowhadanewtoytostimulatetheirimaginations.

Inthe1950smostwomenstayedathome,cooking,cleaningandcaringfortheirchildren;theydidn'tparadearoundintightlittleskirtsandhighheels.TheBarbiedollrepresentedindependenceandglamourshecouldsingsolosinthespotlightoneminuteandpilotanairplanethenext.ShewasexcitingandcompletelydifferentfromtheclingingBetsyWestsysandChattyCathysthatlittlegirlswereusedto.

InForeverBarbie:theUnauthorizedBiographyofaRealDoll,MG.LordtellsthestoryofBarbie'screators.RuthHandler,theyoungestoftensiblings(同胞),workedasastenographerforParamountPicturesasayoungwoman.HerhusbandElliottdesignedlightfixturesandstudiedart.

(2).TheHandlersbeganthefactoryintheirgaragebutquicklyexpandeduntiltheyhadhiredahundredworkerswhomadejewelryanddecorativeitems.WorldWarIIshortagesoflaborsoonputthemoutofbusiness.

Despitetheirfirstfailure,theHandlersdidn'tgiveupand,in1945,theyjoinedwithHaroldMatson,aform

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