2022年考研考博-考博英語-對(duì)外經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）試卷號(hào)29

住在富人區(qū)的她2022年考研考博-考博英語-對(duì)外經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）（圖片可根據(jù)實(shí)際調(diào)整大?。╊}型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.問答題

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Insomequarters(A)qualitativeeasingisstillataintedterm,

associated(B)bothwithmercantilism,asaweaponinacurrencywar,or

(C)monetaryadventurism.Butthestigmaisfading.Indeedsomecentral

banksnowsaytheyaredoingQEevenwhen(D)theydon't.TheBankof

Korea,forexample,(E)hasresolvedtobuyunlimitedamountsofbondsfromfinancialinstitutionsthatpromiseto(F)repurchasethem

afterthreepurchases.FeweconomistswoulddescribethemasQE.Butfarfrom(H)resist

theterm,（）.(I)Everin

thefieldofcentralbankinghavesomanyworriedsolittleaboutbuyingso

much.

【答案】1.A，改成quantativeeasing。

2.B，改成eitherwith。

3.D，改成theyaren’t。

4.H，改成resisting。

5.I，改成Neverinthefieldof。

【解析】1.句意：在某些領(lǐng)域，QE仍是一個(gè)有污點(diǎn)的術(shù)語…。此段講的是“量化寬松(QE)”,其全程應(yīng)為quantativeeasing。

2.句意：要么與重商主義（作為貨幣戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中的武器）有聯(lián)系，要么與貨幣冒險(xiǎn)主義有聯(lián)系。根據(jù)后面的連詞or可知，B處應(yīng)該是“eitherwith”，“either…or…”表示“要么…要么…”。

3.句意：一些央行現(xiàn)在確實(shí)表示自己正在實(shí)施量化寬松政策，盡管他們并沒有這么做。這里用了省略，實(shí)際上應(yīng)該是“whentheyarenotdoingQE”。

4.句意：但韓國銀行并沒有抵制這一術(shù)語…。Farfrom在此表示“遠(yuǎn)飛，絕不，并沒有”，后面應(yīng)該接doingsth.。

5.句意：在中央銀行領(lǐng)域，從來沒有這么多人對(duì)購買這么多債券如此不擔(dān)心。根據(jù)句意可知，這里表示否定，所以應(yīng)該是否定詞never放句首，后面用了倒裝。

2.問答題

Butsacrificingambitionsoastoguardagainstitspotentialexcesses,isto(A)goatthingswrongly.Todiscourageambitionistodiscouragedreamsofgrandeurandgreatness.Allmenandwomenareborn,live,sufferanddie;(B)whatdistinguishesusonefromanotherisourdreams,(C)maytheybedreamaboutworldlyorunworldlythings,andwhatwedoto(D)makethemcomeabout.

【答案】C；改成whethertheybedreamsabout。

3.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingpassagefromEnglishintoChinese

Thedebateaboutgovernment’ssuccessesandfailuresdemonstratesagainthatdrawingtheboundarybetweenmarketandgovernmentisanenduringproblem.Thetoolsofeconomicsareindispensabletohelpsocietiesfindthegoldenmeanbetweenlaissez-fairemarketmechanismsanddemocraticrulesoftheroad.Thegoodmixedeconomyis,perforce,thelimitedmixedeconomy.Butthosewhowouldreducegovernmenttotheconstableplusafewlighthousesarelivinginadreamworld.Anefficientandhumanesocietyrequiresbothhalvesofthemixedsystem—marketandgovernment.Operatingamodemeconomywithoutbothisliketryingtoclapwithonehand.

【答案】關(guān)于政府的成功與失敗的討論再次表明，劃清市場(chǎng)與政府之間的界限是一個(gè)長期存在的問題。經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)工具是幫助社會(huì)找到自由放任的市場(chǎng)機(jī)制和民主的道路規(guī)則之間中庸之道不可缺少的。良好的混合經(jīng)濟(jì)必然是有限的混合經(jīng)濟(jì)。但是那些把政府降為警察和幾座燈塔的人正生活在一個(gè)夢(mèng)幻世界里。一個(gè)高效的、人道的社會(huì)需要混合系統(tǒng)的兩部分—市場(chǎng)和政府。在沒有兩者的情況下經(jīng)營現(xiàn)代經(jīng)濟(jì)，就像試圖用一只手鼓掌一樣。

4.單選題

Threecenturiesago,aDutchmathematiciannamedChristianHuygensinventedanewreligion.Hedidn’tmeanto.Allhedidwastobuildapendulumclockthatallowedpeople,forthefirsttimeinhistory,tokeeptrackofhoursandminutesaccurately.Yes,itwillgetalotofattentionaroundtheglobeonNewYear’sEve,butthatistheexception.Manyculturesstillmarchtodifferentdrummers.TimeseemstomovefasterinFrankfurtthaninSanSalvador.MonksinBurmaknowitistimetogetupwhenthereisenoughlighttoseetheveinsintheirhands,andshowingupontimeiscauseforridiculeinMexico.

RobertLevineandhisresearchersvisitedcitiesaroundtheworldtomeasuretheaccuracyofpublicclocksandtotimehowlongittakesdowntownpedestrianstowalk60feetandpostalclerkstosellastamp.

InSwitzerland,clocksaresloworfastbyanaverageofjust19seconds.InBrazil,onemanwasmorethanthreehoursoffwhenhetoldLevineitwas“exactly2:14.”AtthecentralpostofficeinJakarta,Levinewassentoutsidetostreetvendors.

MuchoftheworldlivesonwhatLevinecallseventtime.InParis,youmightsetabusinessmeetingfor3p.m,butinBurundi,youmightagreetomeetwhenthecowsreturnfromthewateringhole.InMadagascar,ifyouaskhowlongittakestogettothenearestmarket,yougetananswerlikethetimeittakestocookrice.

Ifthatsoundsappealing,don’tbetoohastytomoveabroad.Clockaddictionistoughtobreak.Learninganewpaceoflifeislikemasteringaforeignlanguage.Andtherearedrawbackstotimelessliving.Youmightbeabletoshowupforworkatyourconvenience.Butyoucouldspendadayormorewaitingtomakeatelephonecall.YoufeelslightedintheUnitedStatesifyourlunchdatenevershows,butinKenya,aperfectlyreasonableexcuseisthatonthewaytomeetyou,heranintoafriendanddecidedtojoinhimforlunchinstead.

LevineseemstothinkthattheWestisbecomingmoredevotedtotheclockwitheachpassingminute.

Anewatomicclockissoaccuratethatitwon’tbeoffbymorethanasecondamillionyearsfromnow.Andclockworshipappearstobespreadingtothedevelopingworld，wherevendorshawkwatchesoncitystreets.

Butoftentheyaresellingprestigeratherthanpunctuality.Onsomeoftheirwatches,thehandsdon’tmove.

1.Whichofthefollowingassumptionsaboutclockisexpressedinthepassage?

2.TheauthorquotestheexamplethatclocksinSwitzerlandaresloworfastbyanaverageofjust19secondswhileinBrazil,onemanwasmorethanthreehoursoffinordertoimply（）.

3.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?

4.IntheWest,peopletendtodothings（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Itwasinventedinthesixteenthcentury.

B.Inmoderntimes,clockisindispensabletopeople’slives.

C.Theprevalenceoftheclockwasbeyondtheexpectationoftheinventor.

D.Whilemovingabroad,peoplewillgiveupclockandadaptthemselvestotimelessliving.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.clocksaremoreaccurateinSwitzerlandthaninBrazil

B.clocksmadeinSwitzerlandaremuchbetterinqualitythanthoseinBrazil

C.timemovesfasterinSwitzerlandthaninBrazil

D.peopleinSwitzerlandhavestrongersenseoftimethanBrazilians

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Peoplefromthedevelopingworldbegintoregardbeingontimeasveryimportant.

B.ThepaceoflifeinJakartaiscomparativelyslow.

C.InMexico,peoplewillbelaughedatiftheyareontime.

D.PeopleinBurmadothingsaccordingtotheeventtime.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.accordingtoclocktime

B.accordingtoeventtime

C.attheirconvenience

D.withnoregardtotime

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:D

第4題:A

【解析】1.判斷推理題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“assumptionsaboutclock”定位到文章第一段“Allhedidwastobuildapendulumclockthatallowedpeople,forthefirsttimeinhistory,tokeeptrackofhoursandminutesaccurately.Yes,itwillgetalotofattentionaroundtheglobeonNewYear’sEve,butthatistheexception.”可知他只是建造了一個(gè)鐘擺鐘，使人們有史以來第一次能夠準(zhǔn)確地記錄小時(shí)和分鐘。在除夕夜，它會(huì)得到全世界的關(guān)注，但這是一件異常的事?？膳袛喑鰰r(shí)鐘的普及和被關(guān)注是發(fā)明者未能預(yù)料的事情，故選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

2.判斷推理題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“Switzerland，Brazil”定位到文章第二段“InSwitzerland,clocksaresloworfastbyanaverageofjust19seconds.InBrazil,onemanwasmorethanthreehoursoffwhenhetoldLevineitwas‘exactly2:14.’”，可知在瑞士，時(shí)鐘的平均快慢只有19秒，而在巴西，有個(gè)人休息了三個(gè)多小時(shí)，但他卻告訴萊文時(shí)間是2:14。下文繼續(xù)列舉了一系列一些例子，體現(xiàn)出不同國家的時(shí)間觀念。可判斷出作者列舉瑞士和巴西的例子，是為了說明瑞士人相比巴西人有更強(qiáng)的時(shí)間觀念。故選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

3.判斷推理題。由A項(xiàng)“developingworld”定位到文章倒數(shù)第二段“Andclockworshipappearstobespreadingtothedevelopingworld，wherevendorshawkwatchesoncitystreets.”可知，對(duì)鐘表的崇拜似乎正在向發(fā)展中國家蔓延，在那里，小販們?cè)诔鞘薪值郎隙凳凼直?。可判斷出發(fā)展中國家的人越來越崇拜鐘表，時(shí)間觀念也越來越強(qiáng)。故選項(xiàng)A符合文意，可排除。B項(xiàng)文章沒有提及，可排除。由C項(xiàng)“Mexico”定位到文章第一段“...showingupontimeiscauseforridiculeinMexico.”，可知在墨西哥，準(zhǔn)時(shí)赴約會(huì)遭到人們的嘲笑。故選項(xiàng)C符合文意，可排除。由C項(xiàng)中的關(guān)鍵詞“Burma”定位到原文第一段“MonksinBurmaknowitistimetogetupwhenthereisenoughlighttoseetheveinsintheirhands…”可知，對(duì)于緬甸的僧侶們來說，當(dāng)有足夠的光線看到他們手上的血管時(shí)，就該起床了?？膳袛喑鼍挼榈臅r(shí)間觀念并不強(qiáng)，也不是按照某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的時(shí)間來衡量時(shí)間的。故選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

4.判斷推理題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“West”定位到文章倒數(shù)第三段“LevineseemstothinkthattheWestisbecomingmoredevotedtotheclockwitheachpassingminute.”可知Levine似乎認(rèn)為，隨著時(shí)間的流逝，西方國家對(duì)時(shí)鐘的關(guān)注越來越多。第四段中也提及“InParis,youmightsetabusinessmeetingfor3p.m…”在法國巴黎，你可以把商務(wù)會(huì)議安排在下午三點(diǎn)?？膳袛喑鑫鞣饺耸欠浅Ｊ貢r(shí)的，會(huì)按鐘表的時(shí)間來辦事。故選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

5.問答題

Hurricanes,housefires,cancer,white-waterraftingaccidents,planecrashes,viciousattacksindarkarchways.Nobodyasksforanyofit.Buttotheirsurprise,manypeoplefindthatenduringsuchanordealultimatelychangesthemforthebetter.Theiropinionmightbesomethinglikethis:“Iwishithadn’thappened,butI’mabetterpersonforit.”

Welovetohearthestoriesofpeoplewhohavebeentransformedbytheirtribulations,perhapsbecausetheytestify（1）apsychologicaltruth,onethatsometimesgetslostamidendlessreportsofdisaster;thereisabuilt—inhumancapacitytoflourishunderthemostdifficultcircumstances.Positivereactionstoprofoundlydisturbingexperiencesarenotlimitedtothetoughestorthebravest.Infact,roughlyhalfofthepeoplewhostrugglewithadversitysaythattheirliveshaveinsomewaysimproved.

InadarkroominQueens,NewYork,31-year-oldfashiondesignerTracyCyrbelievedshewasdying.Afewmonthsbefore,shehadstoppedtakingthepowerfulimmune-suppressingdrugsthatkeptherarthritis

（2）

check.Sheneveranticipatedwhatwouldhappen:awithdrawalreactionthateventuallyleftherintotalbodyagonyandneurologicalmeltdown.Theslightestmovement-tryingtoswallow,forexample-wasexcruciating.Eventhepressureofhercheckonthepillowwasalmostunbearable.

Cyrisnowimp-diagnosedwithjuvenilerheumatoidarthritisattheageoftwo,she’denduredthesymptomsandthetreatments(drugs,surgery)herwholelife.Butthistime,shewaswaypastherlimits,andnothingherdoctorsdidseemedtohelp.Eitherthediseasewasgoingtokillheror,prettysoon,she’dhavetokillherself.

Ashersleeplessnightsworeon,though,hersuicidalthoughtsbegantobeinterruptedbynewfeelingsofgratitude.Shewasstillinagony,butanewconsciousnessgrewstrongereachnight:anawesomesenseofliberation,combinedwithanall-encompassingfeelingofsympathyandcompassion.“Ifeltstripped（3）everythingI’deveridentifiedmyselfwith,”shesaidsixmonthslater.“EverythingIthoughtI’dknownorbelievedinwasuseless-time,money,self-image,perceptionthatwassoforcing.”

Withinafewmonths,shebegantobeabletomovemorefreely,thankstoacocktailofsteroidsandotherdrugs.Butasherphysicalstrengthcameback,shedidnotreturntoheroldwayofbeingasafeisty,demanding“sex-in-the-City,three-inch-stilettos-and-fishnets”girl.Nowquieterandmoretolerant,shemakesapointofbeingsubmissiveinatum-the-othercheekkindofway.Cyrstilltakesapharmacopoeiaofdrugseveryday,butshesaysthere’snoquestionthatherlifeisbetternow.“IfeltIhadbeenshownthesecretoflifeandwhywe’rehere,tobehappyandtonurtureotherlife.It’sthatsimple.”

Hermind-blowingexperiencecameasatotalsurprise.Butthatfeelingoftransformationisinsomewaystypical,saysRichTedeschi,aprofessorofpsychologyattheUniversityofNorthCarolinainCharlottewhocoinedtheterm“post-traumaticgrowth”，Hisstudiesofpeoplewhohaveenduredextremeeventslikecombat,violentcrimeorsuddenseriousillnessshowthatmostfeeldazedandanxiousintheimmediateaftermath.Theyarepreoccupiedwiththeideathattheirliveshavebeenshattered.Afewpeoplearehauntedlongafterwardbymemoryproblems,sleeptroubleandsimilarsymptomsofpost-traumaticstressdisorder.ButTedeschiandothershavefoundthatformanypeople—perhapseventhemajoritylifeultimatelybecomesricherandmoregratifying.

Somethingsimilarhappenstomanypeoplewhoexperienceaterrifyingphysicalthreat.Inthatmoment,oursenseofinvulnerabilityispierced,andtheself-protectivementalarmorthatnormallystandsbetweenusandourperceptionsoftheworldistomaway.Oureverydaylifescriptsourhabits,self-perceptionsandassumptions-gooutthewindow,andwe’releftwitharawexperienceoftheworld.

Still,actuallyimplementingthesechanges,aswellasfullycomingtoterms（4）thenewreality,usuallytakesconsciouseffort.Beingwillingandabletotakeonthisprocessisoneofthemajordifferencesbetweenthosewhogrowthroughadversityandthosewhoaredestroyedbyit.

Eventually,theymayfindthemselvesfreedinwaystheyneverimagined.Survivorsoftensaytheybecomemoretolerantandforgiving

（5）others,capableofbringingpeacetoformerlytroubledrelationships.Theysaythatmaterialambitionssuddenlyseemedsillyandthepleasuresoffriendsandfamilybecameparamount-andthatthecrisisallowedthemtoreorganizelifeinlinewiththenewpriorities.

Peoplewhohavegrown（6）adversityoftenfeelmuchlessfear,despitethefrighteningthingsthey’vebeenthrough.Theyaresurprisedbytheirownstrength,confidentthattheycanhandlewhateverelselifethrowsatthem.“Peopledon’tsaythatwhattheywentthroughwaswonderful,nsaysTedeschi.“Theyweren’tmeaningtogrowfromit.Theywerejusttryingtosurvive.Butinretrospect,whattheygainedwasmorethantheyevenanticipated.”

InhisrecentbookSatisfaction,EmoryUniversitypsychiatristGregoryBenspointstoextremeenduranceathleteswhopushthemselvestotheirphysicallimitsfordaysatatime.Theycyclethroughthesamesequenceofsensationsasdotraumasurvivors;self-loss,confusionand,finally,anewsenseofmastery.Forultramarathoners,whoregularlyrun100-mileracesthatlastmorethan24hours,vomitingandhallucinatingarenormal.Afteradayandnightofrunningwithoutstoppingorsleeping,competitorssometimesforgetwhotheyareandwhatthey’redoing.

Butthefeelingofmasteringextraordinarydifficultymakesupforit,reportsHonolulubusinessmanRandyHavre.Havre,51,foundthisfeelingnearthesummitofMaunaKeanearly10yearsago.Hewasnearingtheendofa44-mileracethattookhimfromsealeveltothetopofthevolcano-averticalascentof13,766feet.Hewasonhiswaytosettingtheunofficialworldrecordfortheclimb,butthehighelevationwasstartingtoget

（

7）

him.

“Whenyougettoabout10,000feet,thingstendtogetalittleweirdbecauseoftheswellingandpressureonyourbrain,”hesays.“Abovethat,itgetsexponentiallyweirder.Irememberbustingoutcryingat12,000feet.Butifyoucanfinishthesethings,youknow;Hey,Icangetthroughthisstuff.Youwereabletohang

（8）

there,andyou’restrongerforthat.”

Theemotionalrewardcancompensateforthepainanddifficultyofadversity.Thisperspectivedoesnotcancel

（9）

whathappened,butitputsitallinadifferentcontext:thatit’spossibletoliveanextraordinarilyrewardinglifeevenwithintheconstraintsandstrugglesweface.Insomeformorother,saysKing,weallmustgo

（10）

thisrealization.“You’renotgoingtobethepersonyouthoughtyouwere,buthere’swhoyouaregoingtobeinstead-andthatturnsouttobeaprettygreatlife.”

Fillineachblankinthearticlewithanappropriatepreposition(介詞).

Readthearticlecarefullyandexplainthemeaningofthewordsaccordingtothecontext.

tribulations(inparagraph2)

adversity(inparagraph2)

withdrawal(inparagraph3)

excruciating(inparagraph3)

wimp(inparagraph4)

aftermath(inparagraph7)

gratifying(inparagraph7)

paramount(inparagraph10)

hallucinating(inparagraph12)

exponentially(inparagraph14)

AccordingtoRichTedeschi,aprofessorofpsychologyattheUniversityNorthCarolinainCharlotte,thereisaphenomenoncalled“post-traumagrowth”.Whatdoesitmean?

【答案】1.考查介詞搭配。testifyto意為“證明，證實(shí)”。

試題答案：to

2.考查介詞搭配。arthritis意為“關(guān)節(jié)炎”，由前面句子的內(nèi)容可知，幾個(gè)月之前，她已停止服用強(qiáng)效的免疫抑制藥物，that引導(dǎo)的是同位語從句，是對(duì)drugs進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充說明，故可推測(cè)此處是用藥物進(jìn)行控制關(guān)節(jié)炎。incheck意為“在控制中”。

試題答案：in

3.考查介詞搭配。stripof意為“剝奪”。

試題答案：of

4.考查介詞搭配。由后面句子的內(nèi)容可知，愿意并能夠承擔(dān)這一過程是那些在逆境中成長的人和被逆境摧毀的人之間的主要區(qū)別之一，故此處表示接受這個(gè)新的事實(shí)。termwith意為“接受”。

試題答案：with

5.考查介詞搭配。此處表示對(duì)別人更加容忍和寬容。of意為“(表示對(duì)象)對(duì)于……”。

試題答案：of

6.考查介詞搭配。adversity意為“逆境”，此處表示從困境中成長，from意為“從……中”。

試題答案：from

7.考查介詞搭配。getto意為“到達(dá)，抵達(dá)”。

試題答案：to

8.考查介詞搭配。由前后句子內(nèi)容可知，如果完成這些事，你將會(huì)挺過去，變得更堅(jiān)強(qiáng)，故此處表示堅(jiān)持，hangin意為“不泄氣，堅(jiān)持下去”。

試題答案：in

9.考查介詞搭配。由后面句子的內(nèi)容“但它可以把這些苦難全部放在另一個(gè)背景中看待”，but表示轉(zhuǎn)折，根據(jù)前面句子內(nèi)容“情感上的回報(bào)可以彌補(bǔ)逆境帶來的痛苦和苦難”，故此處表示精神上的收獲不能抵消所發(fā)生的痛苦，cancelout“抵消”。

試題答案：out

10.考查介詞搭配。gothrough意為“經(jīng)歷，經(jīng)受”，此處表示我們必須經(jīng)歷這個(gè)認(rèn)知。

試題答案：through

1.試題答案：苦難

2.試題答案：逆境，困境

3.試題答案：撤藥，撤退

4.試題答案：極痛苦的

5.試題答案：懦弱的人，無用的人

6.試題答案：后果

7.試題答案：可喜的

8.試題答案：最高的，至上的

9.試題答案：令人滿意的，令人欣慰的

10.試題答案：以指數(shù)方式

Itmeansaperson’slifebecomesricherandmoregratifyingafterenduringextremeeventslikecombat,violentcrimeorsuddenseriousillness.

6.寫作題

MiltonMizneroncesaid,“Agoodlistenerisnotonlypopulareverywhere,butafterawhilehegetstoknowsomething.”

Listeningisnotthesimplethingitseemstobe.Listeningisparticipatinginatleastfiveimportantways.Youareagoodlistenerif

1.youcan“see”anideawhenyouhearit.

2.youcandistinguishbetweenessentialpointsanddetails.

3.youcandistinguishbetweenfactsandopinions.

4.youcandistinguishbetweeninformationandpersuasion.

5.andifyoucanthenmakeupyourownmindaboutwhathasbeensaid.

Youaretowriteacompositionof150wordsorsoaboutthepoweroflistening.Youshouldwriteaccordingtotheoutlinegivenbelow.Pleasewriteyourcompositionneatlyandclearlyonyouranswersheet.

Topic:ThePowerofListening

Outline

Ievaluateyourlisteningpower

IIjustifytheneedtoimprovelisteningpowereducationally,socially,politically,nationallyandinternationally

IIIdrawanaturalconclusion

Markswillbeawardedforcontent,organization,grammarandappropriateness.

Failuretofollowtheinstructionsmayresultinalossofmarks.

【答案】Listeningisoneofthemostimportantskillsonecanpossess.Asforme,Ilistentoobtaininformation,tounderstandandtolearn.Ipreferreductivelistening,whichhelpsmereduceeverythingdowntowhatisrelevantanddiscardeverythingthat’snotrelevant.ThatmeanswhenIcommunicatewithothers,Iprefertolistenwithpurpose.Icanalwaysgetmyanswerafterconversation.Frommypointofview,thepoweroflisteningisthatyoumakeaconsciousefforttohearnotonlythewordsthatanotherpersonissaying,butmoreimportantly,trytounderstandthecompletemessagebeingsent.Iwillillustratemypointfromfollowingaspects.

Inclass,itissignificantforbothteacherandstudentstoactivelylisten.Listentothequestionsofstudentsmayhelpteacherfindanefficientwaytoimproveteachingskillandlistentothekeyinformationthatteacherdeliveredcouldhelpstudentsgainabundantknowledge.Insociety,listeningisalsoanindispensablewaytopromotemutualunderstandingandtrust.Thetwocountriesenjoyfirmandfriendlyrelationsifactivelisteningisconducted.Forexample,resultfromlisteningtoeachotherandofferingtimelyhelp,ChinaandPakistanenjoytraditionalfriendship.Ontheotherside,AmericafailedtolistentotheappealandsuggestionsofChina,thetradedisputeswouldnevercease.

Inaword,listeningisacrucialskillthatneedstobelearnedandpracticedfromallaspectsofourdailylife.

7.問答題

Butcareerplanningshouldhelpyouto(A)approachandcopebetterwithnewproblems,suchasdecidingwhetherornot(B)entereducationalortrainingprograms,changejobs,and(C)analyzethedifficultiesyouarehaving(D)withasituationoraperson.

【答案】C；“analyze”改為“analyzing”。

【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：但是職業(yè)規(guī)劃應(yīng)該幫助你更好地處理新問題，比如決定是否參加教育或培訓(xùn)項(xiàng)目，是否換工作，以及分析你正面臨的與某種情況或某人有關(guān)的困難。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)，“and”連接并列的賓語成分，共同作“suchas”的賓語，所以“deciding…”和“analyze…”構(gòu)成并列結(jié)構(gòu)，在形式上須保持一致。所以將“analyze”改為“analyzing”。

8.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingpassagefromEnglishintoChinese.

It’srainingagain.AsIlieawakeinbed,listeningtothesoundofthoserazor-sharpdropspoundingonthepavement,mymindgoesreelingdowndarkcorridorsteemingwithagonizingflashbacks,andachillfromwithinfillsmewithdread.It’sraining,again.

ItdoesthisyearinSouthernCalifornia;atleastthat’swhattheytoldmelastyearwhenImarveledattherelentlessdeterminationoftherain.Thereseemtobetwoseasonshere.Duringtherainyseason,sometimesthestormsdrenchtheareanonstopfordays.Sometimesthestormscomeandgo.Oftenpropertydamageanddisruptedlivesresult.It’shardtopredicttheintensityofthepatternsfromyeartoyear.Thenthereisthefireseason.Thattakescareofthepropertythatmanagedtosurvivethedeluge,againdisruptinglives.Thedaysconnectingtheseseasonsaremonotonous,withsomesun,somesmogandsomemoresun.ThisisnothinglikebackhomeinColorado.

【答案】又下雨了。我醒著躺在床上，聽著那些犀利的的雨點(diǎn)掉落在人行道上的聲音。我的思緒陷入了黑暗的走廊，充滿了痛苦的回憶，內(nèi)心的寒意讓我充滿恐懼。又在下雨了

加利福尼亞南部，今年也如此。當(dāng)我對(duì)雨無情地下個(gè)不停感到驚奇時(shí)，至少，去年他們是這樣告訴我的。這里似乎只有兩個(gè)季節(jié)。在雨季，有時(shí)暴風(fēng)雨連續(xù)幾天不停地浸透這個(gè)地區(qū)。有時(shí)暴風(fēng)雨來去不定。往往造成財(cái)產(chǎn)損失和生活混亂，每年都很難預(yù)測(cè)這種模式的強(qiáng)度。然后是火災(zāi)季節(jié)，從洪水中幸存下來的財(cái)物就落到它手里了，再一次擾亂人們的生活。連著這些季節(jié)的日子是單調(diào)的，僅有一些太陽，一些霧和一些更多的太陽。這和回科羅拉多的家完全不同。

9.單選題

Manypeopleseemtothinkthatsciencefictionistypifiedbythecoversofsomeoftheoldpulpmagazines（廉價(jià)并且趣味低級(jí)的雜志）,theBug-EyedMonster,embodyingeverytraitandfeaturethatmostpeoplefindrepulsive,isabouttograb,andpresumablyravish,asweet,blonde,curvaceous,scantilycladEarthgirl.Thisisunfortunatebecauseitdemeansanddegradesaworthwhileandevenimportantliteraryendeavor.Incontrasttothisunwarrantedstereotype,sciencefictionrarelyemphasizessex,andwhenitdoes,itismorediscreetthanothercontemporaryfiction.Instead,thebasicinterestofsciencefictionliesintherelationbetweenmanandhistechnologyandbetweenmanandtheuniverse.Sciencefictionisaliteratureofchangeandaliteratureofthefuture,andwhileitwouldbefoolishtoclaimthatsciencefictionisamajorliterarygenreatthistime,theaspectsofhumanlifethatitconsidersmakeitwellworthreadingandstudyingfornootherliteraryfromdoesquitethesamethings.

Whatissciencefiction?Tobegin,thefollowingdefinitionshouldbehelpful:sciencefictionisaliterarysubgenrewhichpostulatesachange(forhumanbeings)fromconditionsasweknowthemandfollowstheimplicationsofthesechangestoaconclusion.Althoughthisdefinitionwillnecessarilybemodifiedandexpanded,itcoversmuchofthebasicgroundworkandprovidesapointofdeparture.

Thefirstpoint—thatsciencefictionisaliterarysubgenre—isaveryimportantone,butonewhichisoftenoverlookedorignoredinmostdiscussionsofsciencefiction.Specifically,sciencefictioniseitherashortstoryoranovel.Thereareonlyafewdramaswhichcouldbecalledsciencefiction,withKarelCapek’sRUR(Rossum’sUniversalRobots)beingtheonlyonethatiswellknown,thebodyofpoetrythatmightbelabeledsciencefictionisonlyslightlylarger.Tosaythatsciencefictionisasubgenreofprosefictionistosaythatithasallthebasiccharacteristicsandservesthesamebasicfunctionsinmuchthesamewayasprosefictioningeneral,thatis,itsharesagreatdealwithallothernovelsandshortstories.

Everythingthatcanbesaidaboutprosefiction,ingeneral,appliestosciencefiction.Everypieceofsciencefiction,whethershortstoryornovel,musthaveanarrator,astory,aplot,asetting,characters,language,andtheme.Andlikeanyprose,thethemesofsciencefictionareconcernedwithinterpretingman’snatureandexperienceinrelationtotheworldaroundhim.Themesinsciencefictionareconstructedandpresentedinexactlythesamewaysthatthemesaredealtwithinanyotherkindoffiction.Theyaretheresultofaparticularcombinationofnarrator,story,plot,character,setting,andlanguage.Inshort,thereasonsforreadingandenjoyingsciencefiction,andthewaysofstudyingandanalyzingit,arebasicallythesameastheywouldbeforanyotherstoryornovel.

1.Sciencefictioniscalledaliterarysubgenrebecause（

）.

2.Thefinalsentenceinthepassageimpliesthat

（

）.

3.Fromthelastparagraph,weknowthatpeoplereadsciencefictionespeciallyfor

（

）.

4.Anappropriatetitleforthispassagewouldbe

（

）.

5.Accordingtotheauthor,thepopularimageofsciencefictionis（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.itisnotimportantenoughtobealiteraiygenre.

B.itcannotbemadeintoadramaticpresentation.

C.itsharescharacteristicswithothertypesofprosefiction.

D.tocallita“genre”wouldsubjectittoliteraryjargon.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Thereadershouldturnnexttocommentariesongeneralfiction.

B.Thereisnoreasonforanyreadernottolikesciencefiction.

C.Thereadershouldcompareothernovelsandstoriestosciencefiction.

D.Thosewhocanappreciateprosefictioncanappreciatesciencefiction.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.thediscoveryofmeaning

B.thebeautyoflanguage

C.thedisplayofcharacter

D.thepsychologicalcomplexity

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.OntheInaccuraciesofPulpMagazines

B.TowardaDefinitionofScienceFiction

C.ATypeofProseFiction.

D.BeyondtheBug-EyedMonster.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.prejudiced

B.impartial

C.worthy

D.admiring

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段最后一句“Tosaythatsciencefictionisasubgenreofprosefictionistosaythatithasallthebasiccharacteristicsandservesthesamebasicfunctionsinmuchthesamewayasprosefictioningeneral,thatis,itsharesagreatdealwithallothernovelsandshortstories.”可知科幻小說具有其他小說很多相同的特點(diǎn)，因此C選項(xiàng)“它與其他類型的散文小說有著共同的特點(diǎn)”符合題意。

2.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段中“Inshort,thereasonsforreadingandenjoyingsciencefiction,andthewaysofstudyingandanalyzingit,arebasicallythesameastheywouldbeforanyotherstoryornovel.”總之，閱讀、欣賞科幻小說和任何其它故事或小說的原因以及研究和分析它們的方法基本上是同樣的，可推測(cè)出能欣賞散文小說的那些人也能欣賞科幻小說，因?yàn)殚喿x它們的方法基本一樣，因此選D。

3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段中“Andlikeanyprose,thethemesofsciencefictionareconcernedwithinterpretingman’snatureandexperienceinrelationtotheworldaroundhim.”

此外，與任何散文一樣，科幻小說的主題關(guān)注于解釋人類的本性以及人類與自身周圍世界有關(guān)的經(jīng)歷。因此A選項(xiàng)“發(fā)現(xiàn)意義”符合題意。

4.主旨大意題。文章主要講述了科幻小說的定義，并介紹了它的特點(diǎn)、主題以及與其他文學(xué)作品的相同點(diǎn)，因此選B。

5.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段中“Manypeopleseemtothinkthatsciencefictionistypifiedbythecoversofsomeoftheoldpulpmagazines...Thisisunfortunatebecauseitdemeansanddegradesaworthwhileandevenimportantliteraryendeavor.”許多人似乎認(rèn)為科幻小說的典型代表是一些廉價(jià)并且趣味低級(jí)的雜志的封面……這是不幸的，因?yàn)樗H低了一個(gè)有價(jià)值甚至重要的文學(xué)努力?？芍髡哒J(rèn)為人們對(duì)科幻小說的流行形象是有世俗偏見的，因此選A。

10.單選題

Hardlyhehadenteredtheofficewhenherealizedthathehadforgottenhiswallet.

A

B

C

D

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Hardlyhehad

B.theoffice

C.that

D.hadforgotten

【答案】A

【解析】考查部分倒裝。當(dāng)含有否定意義的副詞位于句首時(shí)，其后要采用部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，即將助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞移至主語之前。

試題答案：A;hardlyhadhe

11.單選題

Cigarettesmokehasbeenshowntocontainnumerouscompoundsthatareknow