現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)導(dǎo)學(xué)案-高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)Learningobjectives:Bytheendofthislesson,youareexpectedtobeableto:grasptheform,themeaningandtheusageofPresentPerfectTense;(掌握現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)的形式、意義和用法)mastersomekeysentencepatternsrelatedtoPresentPerfectTense；(掌握一些與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)相關(guān)的重要句型)3.usePresentPerfectTenseindifferentsituationsproperly.(在不同的情況下正確地使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài))Leadin:Activity1:Choosetherightoption(accordingtothepictures).1.Ihaveworkedathomeforalmostamonth.2.Theyhavebeenstuckathomeforalongtime.3.HehasjustfinishedhisNAT.4.Maxhasnotgonetobed.5.Themedicalworkershavelefthome./Themedicalworkershavebeenawayfromhomeforaweek.Summary--theformofpresentperfecttense(現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的形式)主動(dòng)語態(tài)：肯定形式：S+have/has+done+…否定形式：S+havenot/hasnot+done+…疑問形式：Have/Has+S+done+…被動(dòng)語態(tài)：have/has+been+done現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)用法（一）---已完成、影響性用法現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示動(dòng)作開始于過去，結(jié)束于過去，但對現(xiàn)在仍有影響或造成結(jié)果。通常與表示包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)的時(shí)間副詞just,already,yet,never,ever,lately,recently等狀語連用。練習(xí)一：1.I______________(have)lunchalready.2.________thetrain_________(arrive)yet?3.Tom____never_______(be)toChina.4.Thetwins______just_______(see)myfather.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)用法（二）---未完成，延續(xù)性現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)發(fā)生于過去一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，且有可能繼續(xù)下去（適用于延續(xù)動(dòng)詞）;可以和表示從過去某一時(shí)刻延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的一段時(shí)間的狀語連用，如sofar,uptillnow,uptonow,in/duringthelast/pastyears,recently,lately,bythistime,since等。練習(xí)二：1.We_____________(study)Englishforaboutfouryears.2.We_____________(live)inYucaiMiddleSchoolsince2007.3.I_____________(notsee）Marysofar.4.I_____________(hear)nothingfromhimuptonow.5.He_____________(nottalk)withmeinthepastfewdays.注意！瞬時(shí)動(dòng)詞在現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中的用法：瞬間性動(dòng)詞如arrive,join,die,get,come,buy,sell,leave,borrow,marry等，以及終止性動(dòng)詞如start,begin,finish等，在現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的肯定形式中不能與“for+一段時(shí)間”的時(shí)間狀語連用，但可以用在否定句或這些動(dòng)詞對應(yīng)的狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞中。為了表述這種意思，我們常用相應(yīng)的延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞have,keep,be等來代替非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。練習(xí)二：I.判斷正誤：()1.Hehaslefthome.()2.Hehaslefthomefor10years.()3.Hehasbeenawayformhomefor10years.()4.Hehasn'tleft/hasstayedherefor10year.()1.Hehascomehere.()2.Hehascomeherefor3days.()3.Hehasn’tcomeherefor3days.()4.Hehasstayedherefor3days.()5.Hehasbeenawayfor3days.II.選擇正確答案。1.Ihavejoined/beeninthearmyfortenyears.2.Hehasbeento/gonetoDalianmanytimes.3.Shehasgotmarried/beenmarriedtoRobertsforayear.4.Hehasgone/beenawayfortwodays.5.Hehashad/hasboughtthisbookforayear.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)用法（三）---經(jīng)歷用法現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示過去某一時(shí)間到現(xiàn)在這段期間內(nèi)曾經(jīng)有過一次，兩次等經(jīng)歷或到目前為止從未有過的經(jīng)歷。eg.HaveyoueverbeentoJapan?HehasgonetoLondonthreetimes.Wehaveneverbeentothatisland.與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)有關(guān)的重要句式：1.This(That/It)isthefirst(second…)time+that-clause(現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)).ThisisthefirsttimethatI___________(see)pandas.這是我第一次看到熊貓。2.This(That/It)isthebest/finest/mostinteresting…+that-clause(現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)).ItisthemostdeliciousfoodthatI___________(taste).這是我吃過最美味的食物。3.Itis/hasbeen+時(shí)間段+since......自從.....以來.....(since跟一般過去時(shí))It____________(be)overseventyyearssincethePeople'sRepublicofChinawasfounded.中華人民共和國已經(jīng)成立70多年了。拓展練習(xí)：1.He____________(teach)Englishfortwentyyears.2.We_____________(know)eachothersince1986.3.ThisisthebestfilmthatI___________(see).4.ThisisthefirsttimethatI___________(visit)Beijing.5.Thefilm___________(be)onfortenminutes.6.Greatchanges___________(take)placeinthepastthirtyyears.7.I____________(hear)nothingabouthimuptonow.高考鏈接：1.Thenumberoffirmssellingcomputersinthisregion____________(drop)sinceJanuary2012.2.We___________(do)quiteenoughworkforthemorning;nowlet'stakeabreak.3.Ihatemoving.We____________(have)fourmovesinthreeyears．4.Themusicianalongwithhisbandmembers____________(give)tenperformancesinthelastthreemonths.5.Itooknotesduringthemeeting,butI____________(nothave)achancetowritethemintoareportsofar.6.China’shigh-speedrailways___________(grow)from9,000to25,000kilometersinthepastfewyears.7.Duringthelastthreedecades,thenumberofpeopleparticipatinginphysicalfitnessprograms______________(increase)sharply.8.ThepopulationofJiangsu_____________(grow)tomorethantwicewhatitwasin1949.Thefigu