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住在富人區(qū)的她2022年考研考博-考博英語(yǔ)-首都經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I(帶答案詳解)(圖片可根據(jù)實(shí)際調(diào)整大?。╊}型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.單選題

AmongthespeciesofseabirdsthatusethewindsweptcliffsoftheAtlanticcoastofCanadainthesummertomate,layeggs,andreartheiryoungarecommonmurres,Atlanticpuffins,black-leggedkittiwakes,andnortherngannets.Ofallthebirdsonthesecliffs,theblack-leggedkittiwakegullisthebestsuitedfornestingonnarrowledges.Althoughitsnestinghabitsaresimilartothoseofgullsthatnestonflatground,thereareanumberofimportantdifferencesrelatedtothecliff-nestinghabit,

Theadvantageofnestingoncliffsistheimmunityitgivesfromfoxes,whichcannotscalethesheerrocks,andfromravensandotherspeciesofgulls,whichhavedifficultyinlandingonnarrowledgestostealeggs.Thisimmunityhasbeenfollowedbyarelaxationofthedefenses,andkittiwakesdonotreacttopredatorsnearlyasfiercelyasdoground-nestinggulls.AcolonyofBonaparte'sgullsrespondstotheappearanceofapredatoryherringgullbyflyingupasagroupwithaclamorofalarmcalls,followedbyconcertedmobbing,butkittiwakessimplyignoreherringgulfs,sincetheyposelittlethreattonestsoncliffs.Neitherdokittiwakesattempttoconcealtheirnest.Mostgullskeepthenestareaclearofdroppings,andremoveemptyeggshellsafterthechickshavehatched,sothatthelocationofthenestisnotgivenaway.Kittiwakesdefecateovertheedgeofthenest,whichkeepsitclean,butthispractice,aswellastheirtendencytoleavethenestlitteredwitheggshells,makesitslocationveryconspicuous.

Ontheotherhand,nestingonanarrowledgehasitsownpeculiarproblems,andkittiwakebehaviorhasbecomeadaptedtoovercomethem.Thefemalekittiwakesitswhenmating,whereasothergullsstand,sothepairwillnotoverbalanceandfallofftheledge.Thenestisadeepcup,madeofmudorseaweed,toholdtheeggssafely,comparedwiththeshallowscrapeofothergulls,andthechicksareremarkablyimmobileuntilfullygrown.Theydonotrunfromtheirnestswhenapproached,andiftheyshouldcomeneartothecliffedge,theyinstinctivelyturnback.

1.Whataspectofthekittiwakegulldoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?

2.Theword“immunity”inparagraph2isclosestinmeaningto().

3.Whyisitdifficultforravenstostealthekittiwakes'eggs?

4.Theauthormentionsthateggshellslitterthenestsofkittiwakesinorderto().

5.Accordingtothepassage,itcanbeinferredthatwhichofthefollowingbirdsconcealtheirnest?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Itsdefensivebehavior

B.Itinteractionswithothergullspecies

C.Itsnestinghabits

D.Itsphysicaldifferencefromothergullspecies

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.distance

B.transition

C.protection

D.reminder

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Thekittiwakescanseetheravensapproachingthenest.

B.Theravenscannotlandonthenarrowledgeswherekittiwakesnest.

C.Thekittiwakes'eggsaretoobigfortheravenstocarry.

D.Thefemalekittiwakesrarelyleavethenest.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.demonstratethatkittiwakesarenotconcernedaboutpredators

B.provehowbusykittiwakesareincaringfortheiroffspring

C.showasimilaritytoothertypesofgulls

D.illustratekittiwakes’lackofconcernfortheirchick

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Bonaparte’sgulls

B.Atlanticpuffins

C.Kittiwakegulls

D.Northerngannets

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:A

【解析】1.主旨大意題。分析文章內(nèi)容可知,第一段主要講不同于其它海鷗,三趾鷗習(xí)慣在峭壁上筑巢;第二段講三趾鷗在峭壁上筑巢的優(yōu)勢(shì);最后一段講了三趾鷗如何適應(yīng)在峭壁上筑巢。由此可知,本文敘述的主要內(nèi)容是三趾鷗的筑巢習(xí)慣。因此,本題正確答案為C項(xiàng)。

詞匯題。

2.由原文第二段Theadvantageofnestingoncliffsistheimmunityitgivesfromfoxes,whichcannotscalethesheerrocks,andfromravensandotherspeciesofgulls,whichhavedifficultyinlandingonnarrowledgestostealegg可知,三趾鷗在在懸崖上筑巢的一大好處就是更安全,可以躲避無(wú)法攀登峭壁的狐貍和那些難以在陡峭巖石上立足的烏鴉和其他鷗類,防止鳥(niǎo)卵被偷走。因此,本題的正確答案為C項(xiàng)。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由原文第二段Theadvantageofnestingoncliffsistheimmunityitgivesfromfoxes,whichcannotscalethesheerrocks,andfromravensandotherspeciesofgulls,whichhavedifficultyinlandingonnarrowledgestostealeggs.可知,烏鴉無(wú)法偷走三趾鷗鳥(niǎo)卵的原因是它們難以在三趾鷗的巢邊落腳。因此,本題正確答案為B選項(xiàng)。

4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)原文第二段Kittiwakesdefecateovertheedgeofthenest,whichkeepsitclean,butthispractice,aswellastheirtendencytoleavethenestlitteredwitheggshells,makesitslocationveryconspicuous可知,三趾鷗會(huì)在巢邊排便,以保持巢內(nèi)干凈,但這種做法以及它們傾向于在鳥(niǎo)窩里亂丟蛋殼的行為,使得它們巢的位置非常顯眼。這里的描述是為和大多數(shù)海鷗作對(duì)比,說(shuō)明三趾鷗也不會(huì)試著去隱藏它們的巢(Neitherdokittiwakesattempttoconcealtheirnest)。根據(jù)上下文可知三趾鷗之所以這樣做是因?yàn)樗鼈冊(cè)谇捅谏现脖仍诘孛嫔现哺袃?yōu)勢(shì),無(wú)需在意捕獵者,因此本題正確答案為A項(xiàng)。

5.推理判斷題。原文第二段中指出,三趾鷗對(duì)捕食者的反應(yīng)不像在地面筑巢的海鷗那么強(qiáng)烈。接著舉出了Bonaparte’sgulls的例子,說(shuō)明Bonaparte’sgulls和三趾鷗的筑巢習(xí)慣不同。大多數(shù)的海鷗在平地上筑巢,所以它們?cè)陔r鳥(niǎo)出生后會(huì)把蛋殼拿走,盡量不暴露鳥(niǎo)巢的位置。因此,可推測(cè)Bonaparte’sgulls也是這樣的習(xí)慣,所以才會(huì)暴露自己的位置。由此可知,本題正確答案為A項(xiàng)。

2.單選題

Asadevelopingcountry,wemustkeep()withtherapiddevelopmentoftheworldeconomy.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.pace

B.move

C.step

D.speed

【答案】A

【解析】考查詞組的固定搭配。A選項(xiàng)pace表示“步速,步伐,速度”;B選項(xiàng)move表示“行動(dòng),舉措,改變”;C選項(xiàng)step表示“腳步,步驟,步伐”;D選項(xiàng)speed表示“速度,進(jìn)展”。詞組keeppacewith是一個(gè)固定搭配,表示“與并駕齊驅(qū),保持一致”。因此本題正確答案為A選項(xiàng)。

3.單選題

Humanbehaviorismostlyaproductoflearning,whereasthebehaviorofananimaldependsmainlyon().

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.response

B.impulse

C.instinct

D.consciousness

【答案】C

【解析】形容詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)response“反應(yīng),回答”;B選項(xiàng)impulse“沖動(dòng)”;C選項(xiàng)instinct“本能,直覺(jué)”;D選項(xiàng)consciousness“意識(shí),知覺(jué)”。句意:人類的行為主要是學(xué)習(xí)的產(chǎn)物,而動(dòng)物的行為主要依靠本能。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

4.單選題

Wehadnowaytomeasuretheexactdistancewehadtraveled,butwethoughtitwas()fivemiles.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.precisely

B.appropriately

C.apparently

D.approximately

【答案】D

【解析】考查副詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)precisely表示“精確地,恰恰”;B選項(xiàng)appropriately表示“恰當(dāng)?shù)兀线m地”;C選項(xiàng)apparently表示“顯然地,表面上”;D選項(xiàng)approximately表示“大約,近似地”。根據(jù)句中關(guān)鍵信息Wehadnowaytomeasuretheexactdistance可知,我們沒(méi)有辦法測(cè)量準(zhǔn)確距離。所以后文中的距離只能是大約值,因此本題正確答案為D項(xiàng)?!揪湟狻课覀儧](méi)有辦法測(cè)量走過(guò)的準(zhǔn)確距離,但我們認(rèn)為大約是5英里。

5.單選題

Neitherofthemthoughthighlyofhimandtheybothtriedto()himinhiswork.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.hamper

B.support

C.assist

D.encourage

【答案】A

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)hamper“妨礙,束縛”;B選項(xiàng)support“支持,維持”;C選項(xiàng)assist“幫助,參加”;D選項(xiàng)encourage“鼓勵(lì)”。句意:他們倆都看不起他,并且都試圖妨礙他工作。只有選項(xiàng)A符合語(yǔ)境。

6.單選題

Webookedroomsatthehotel(

)weshouldfindnovacanciesonourarrival.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.whenever

B.if

C.since

D.lest

【答案】D

【解析】考查語(yǔ)法中連詞的用法。A項(xiàng)whenever表示“無(wú)論何時(shí)”;B項(xiàng)if表示“如果;是否”;C項(xiàng)since表示“自從;既然”;D項(xiàng)lest表示“以免,唯恐”,根據(jù)句意以及邏輯關(guān)系可知,本題正確答案為D項(xiàng)。

7.單選題

)theenormousflowoffoodfromtheentireglobe,thesecountrieshaveformanyyearsnotfeltanypopulationpressure.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Thanksto

B.Bymeansof

C.Inlinewith

D.Withregardto

【答案】A

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A項(xiàng)thanksto表示“多虧;幸虧”;B項(xiàng)bymeansof表示“憑借,通過(guò)”;C項(xiàng)inlinewith表示“與……一致”;D項(xiàng)withregardto表示“關(guān)于,至于”。句意:多虧了全球食物的大流動(dòng),這些國(guó)家已經(jīng)很多年沒(méi)有感受過(guò)任何人口的壓力。故本題正確答案為A項(xiàng)。

8.單選題

Thistransformationismarkedbyseveraldevelopments.Almostallthemajorarmedconflictsintheworldtodayareinternal,thereareunfoldingwithin(1)boundariesandtypicallyarebeingfoughtbymultiplesemi-autonomousarmedgroups.Theseconflictsare(2)byaparticularbrandoflawlessness,crueltyandchaos.Inparticular,theyaredefinedbythesystematicandwidespreadtargetingofcivilian(3).(4)thesesituations,warringpartiesroutinelyignoreinternationalhumanitarianlaw,whichhastraditionallymoderated,ifnotgoverned,theconductofinter-state(5).

Theseconflictstendtobeprotracted,lasting(6)ifnotdecades,ofteninrecurring(7),thusexposingsuccessivegenera(8)soldiers.Anotherfeatureoftheseconflictsistheproliferationoflight-weight(9)thatareeasilyassembledandbornebychildren.Moreoverthe(10)useofanti-personnellandmineshasexacerbatedthevulnerabilityofchildreninthesesituations.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.national

B.international

C.external

D.internal

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.named

B.characterized

C.labeled

D.called

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.peoples

B.person

C.men

D.populations

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Under

B.On

C.In

D.With

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.wars

B.battles

C.fights

D.disputes

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A.months

B.years

C.hours

D.days

問(wèn)題7選項(xiàng)

A.recycles

B.circles

C.cycles

D.loops

問(wèn)題8選項(xiàng)

A.infant

B.baby

C.children

D.child

問(wèn)題9選項(xiàng)

A.guns

B.weapons

C.pistols

D.rifles

問(wèn)題10選項(xiàng)

A.indiscriminate

B.discriminate

C.discriminating

D.discriminated

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:D

第6題:B

第7題:C

第8題:C

第9題:B

第10題:A

【解析】1.考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)national表示“國(guó)家的”,B選項(xiàng)international表示“國(guó)際的,世界的”,C選項(xiàng)external表示“外部的,外面的”,D選項(xiàng)internal表示“內(nèi)部的,國(guó)內(nèi)的”。根據(jù)Almostallthemajorarmedconflictsintheworldtodayareinternal可知“當(dāng)今世界,幾乎所有主要的武裝沖突都是內(nèi)部的”可知,這些沖突不會(huì)逾越國(guó)家的范疇,因此withinnationalboundaries符合上下文,故本題正確答案為A。

2.考查固定搭配。詞組becharacterizedby表示“具有……的特性;以……為特征”。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有B選項(xiàng)可以與by構(gòu)成搭配,故本題正確答案為B。

3.考查名詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)句意,空缺處應(yīng)填入表示“人們”的名詞且應(yīng)為復(fù)數(shù),故排除peoples(民族)和表示單數(shù)的person(人)。populations意為各地人口,表示一個(gè)群體,比一般意義的men更符合上下文語(yǔ)義,因此本題正確答案選D。

4.考查固定搭配。詞組underthesesituations表示“在這種情形下”。

5.考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)wars表示“戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)”,是總稱,一般包括多個(gè)大規(guī)模戰(zhàn)役;B選項(xiàng)battles表示“戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng),競(jìng)爭(zhēng),搏斗”,側(cè)重某一次具體全面的戰(zhàn)斗;C選項(xiàng)fights表示“打架,斗爭(zhēng)”,側(cè)重描述戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的動(dòng)作;D選項(xiàng)disputes表示“爭(zhēng)論,爭(zhēng)端”,側(cè)重意見(jiàn)有分歧。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中disputes“爭(zhēng)端”范圍最廣。因此,本題正確答案為D項(xiàng)。

6.考查邏輯關(guān)系。根據(jù)句中關(guān)鍵信息decades“數(shù)十年”可知空缺處填years最符合句意。故本題正確答案為B項(xiàng)。

7.考查固定搭配。分析空缺處句子可知,inrecurring是方式狀語(yǔ),A選項(xiàng)recycles表示“回收,循環(huán)利用”,B選項(xiàng)circles表示“圓,循環(huán)”,C選項(xiàng)cycles表示“周期,循環(huán)”,D選項(xiàng)loops表示“環(huán)形,環(huán)狀結(jié)構(gòu)”。只有C選項(xiàng)可以與in構(gòu)成詞組incycles,表示“周期性地(發(fā)生)”,而inrecurringcycles表示“重復(fù)周期性地(發(fā)生)”。因此,本題正確答案為C項(xiàng)。

8.考查語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)。空缺處填入的名詞作soldiers的定語(yǔ),soldiers為復(fù)數(shù),所以修飾部分的名詞也用復(fù)數(shù),childrensoldiers表示“童子軍”。因此,本題正確答案為C項(xiàng)。

9.考查名詞詞義辨析??杖碧幪钊氲拿~被light-weight(輕型的)所修飾。A選項(xiàng)guns表示“槍,炮”,B選項(xiàng)weapons表示“武器”,C選項(xiàng)pistols表示“手槍”,D選項(xiàng)rifles表示“步槍”。根據(jù)上下文可知,此處并不能確定使用的是哪種槍支,故選擇weapons“武器”表示的范圍最廣。因此,本題正確答案為B項(xiàng)。

10.考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)indiscriminate表示“任意的,無(wú)差別的,不分青紅皂白的”;B選項(xiàng)discriminate表示“v.區(qū)別,辨別”;C選項(xiàng)discriminating表示“不公平對(duì)待的,有辨識(shí)的”;D選項(xiàng)discriminated表示“受歧視的”。根據(jù)句中關(guān)鍵信息hasexacerbatedthevulnerabilityofchildren(加劇了兒童的脆弱性)可知,空缺處選擇A項(xiàng)最符合句意。因此,本題正確答案為A項(xiàng)。

9.單選題

ConradHiltonreallywantedtobeabanker.Instead,hesuccessfullychangedthe(1)purchaseofaTexaslow-endhotelintoamultimillion-dollarhotelempirethatearnedhimthe(2)“innkeepertotheworld.”

BorninNewMexicoin1887,Hiltonwas19whenhisparentsbeganrentingoutroomsintheirhome.Thebusinessdidn’tinteresthim,(3),sohebecamea(4)legislator,foundedabankandwentofftowar.In1919,afterHilton’sfatherdied,afriendsuggestedhe(5)toTexastomakehis(6).HiltonendedupinCisco,whenhisbankdealthere(7),heheadedtoanearbyhotel,theMobley.It(8)tooil-fieldworkers,soits40roomsturnedover(9)eighthours.Aweeklater,Hiltonownedit.Hesoonacquiredmorehotels—andstartedtobuildnewones.Hisfirst,theDallasHilton,openedin1925.Bythelate1940s,Hilton’slistincludedtheTownHouseinBeverlyHillsandChicago’sPalmerHouse,aswellas(10)nightclubs(11)A-liststars.Healsoexpandedinternationally.Andin1949,heboughtthe“greatestofthemall”:NewYorkCity’smagnificentWaldorf-Astoria.TypicallyAmerican,Hiltonswere(12)too:thefirst(13)haveroomswithair-conditioning,TVs,ironingboardsandsewingkits.Evenmodernhotel-reservationssystems(14)fromoneHiltonwhichwasestablishedin1948

TodaytheHiltonHotelsCorpownssome3,300(15)in78countries.Lastyearmorethanaquarter-billion

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.good

B.compulsory

C.great

D.casual

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.income

B.living

C.nickname

D.penname

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.however

B.therefore

C.if

D.when

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.nationality

B.state

C.race

D.ethnic

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.went

B.go

C.goes

D.togo

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A.life

B.achievement

C.fortune

D.subsistence

問(wèn)題7選項(xiàng)

A.worse

B.soured

C.soared

D.unstable

問(wèn)題8選項(xiàng)

A.catered

B.provided

C.led

D.granted

問(wèn)題9選項(xiàng)

A.every

B.any

C.some

D.each

問(wèn)題10選項(xiàng)

A.shabby

B.decorated

C.vacant

D.luxurious

問(wèn)題11選項(xiàng)

A.feature

B.featuring

C.featured

D.features

問(wèn)題12選項(xiàng)

A.optimistic

B.gifted

C.incentive

D.creative

問(wèn)題13選項(xiàng)

A.where

B.to

C.at

D.how

問(wèn)題14選項(xiàng)

A.evolved

B.revolved

C.involved

D.resolved

問(wèn)題15選項(xiàng)

A.lobbies

B.terraces

C.properties

D.balconies

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:B

第6題:C

第7題:B

第8題:A

第9題:A

第10題:D

第11題:B

第12題:D

第13題:B

第14題:A

第15題:C

【解析】1.考查形容詞辨析??杖碧帒?yīng)為purchase的定語(yǔ),句意為“康拉德?希爾頓原本想成為一個(gè)銀行家,但后來(lái)卻把一個(gè)偶然買進(jìn)的低端酒店打造成了酒店王國(guó)”。此處casual“偶然的”最符合上下文語(yǔ)義。因此,正確答案為D選項(xiàng)。

2.考查名詞辨析??杖焙蟮摹癷nnkeepertotheworld(世界旅館大王)”是一個(gè)稱號(hào),A選項(xiàng)income表示“收入,所得”,B選項(xiàng)living表示“生計(jì),生活方式”,C選項(xiàng)nickname表示“綽號(hào),外號(hào)”,D選項(xiàng)penname表示“筆名”。earnhimthenickname可表示“為他贏得了……的稱號(hào)”。因此,本題選擇C選項(xiàng)最合適。

3.考查連詞辨析。根據(jù)第二段第一句可知,在Hilton19歲時(shí),他的父母就把家里的房間租給別人,但他對(duì)這門生意不感興趣,所以他成為了一名議員。此空缺處應(yīng)表達(dá)轉(zhuǎn)折,因此本題正確答案為A項(xiàng)。

4.考查詞義辨析。空缺處應(yīng)為修飾legislator的定語(yǔ)成分,可為名詞、形容詞或分詞。legislator表示“立法者,議員”,一般分為聯(lián)邦議員或者州、市議員,因此與legislator聯(lián)系最緊密的應(yīng)是state(國(guó)家,州立)。A選項(xiàng)nationality表示“國(guó)籍,國(guó)家,民族”,C選項(xiàng)race表示“種族,人種”,D選項(xiàng)ethnic表示“種族的,人種的”。因此本題選擇B項(xiàng)最恰當(dāng)。

5.考查動(dòng)詞suggest的用法。此處應(yīng)注意空缺前為he,所以本題考查suggest(that)sb(should)dosth結(jié)構(gòu),表示“建議某人應(yīng)當(dāng)做某事”。因此本題正確答案是B項(xiàng)。

6.考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)life表示“生活,生存”,B選項(xiàng)achievement表示“成就,完成”,C選項(xiàng)fortune表示“財(cái)富,命運(yùn),運(yùn)氣”,D選項(xiàng)subsistence表示“生活,生存”。his表明空缺處應(yīng)為名詞,并可與make構(gòu)成詞組。由上下文推斷可知Hilton的朋友建議他去Texas“謀發(fā)展”,因此fortune最符合語(yǔ)義,makeone’sfortune可表示“發(fā)財(cái),發(fā)跡,尋求致富之路”。故本題正確答案為C。

7.考查謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞??杖辈糠謶?yīng)為when引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)。A選項(xiàng)worse表示“更壞,更糟”,B選項(xiàng)soured表示“使變?cè)悖棺儔摹?,C選項(xiàng)soared表示“飆升,驟然上升”,D選項(xiàng)unstable表示“動(dòng)蕩的,不穩(wěn)定的”。由后文提到的Hilton從銀行業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)向酒店業(yè)可以推斷,當(dāng)時(shí)他銀行的生意“沒(méi)能成功”,因此soured最符合句意,故本題正確答案是B項(xiàng)。

8.考查動(dòng)詞辨析。空缺處應(yīng)填入動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式作句子謂語(yǔ),并需與介詞to搭配。句中It指Mobley酒店,根據(jù)句意可推斷這間酒店專門為油田工人“提供服務(wù)”。A選項(xiàng)catered表示“滿足需要,提供飲食及服務(wù)”,B選項(xiàng)provided表示“提供,給予”,C選項(xiàng)led表示“領(lǐng)導(dǎo),通向,指引”,D選項(xiàng)granted表示“承認(rèn),同意”。caterto可表示“迎合……的需求,為……服務(wù)”。因此A選項(xiàng)更符合題意。

9.考查形容詞辨析。原句意思是“因?yàn)檫@個(gè)酒店專門給油田工人服務(wù),所以這40個(gè)房間每隔8小時(shí)就會(huì)換一批客人住”。表示“每隔……”、“每……”,要用“every+基數(shù)詞+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”,這種結(jié)構(gòu)中的every不能用each替代。因此本題正確答案是A。

10.考查形容詞辨析??杖碧帒?yīng)為定語(yǔ)修飾nightclubs。A選項(xiàng)shabby表示“破舊的”,B選項(xiàng)decorated表示“裝飾的,修飾的”,C選項(xiàng)vacant表示“空的,空閑的”,D選項(xiàng)luxurious表示“奢侈的,奢華的”。從后面的A-liststars(一線明星)可知Hilton所開(kāi)辦的nightclub是“高檔的,豪華的”,因此選用luxurious更恰當(dāng)。故本題正確答案選D。

11.考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。動(dòng)詞feature表示“以……為特色”,與nightclub為主動(dòng)關(guān)系,因此此處選擇現(xiàn)在分詞featuring作nightclub的定語(yǔ),表示“以一線明星為特色的夜總會(huì)”,故本題正確答案為B。

12.考查形容詞辨析。空缺所在句缺少表語(yǔ)。由原文thefirst可知希爾頓連鎖酒店的房間最先配有空調(diào)、電視等設(shè)備,可見(jiàn)其創(chuàng)新性,因此creative(adj.創(chuàng)造性的)最符合句意。A選項(xiàng)optimistic表示“樂(lè)觀的”,B選項(xiàng)gifted表示“有天賦的,有才華的”,C選項(xiàng)incentive表示“激勵(lì)的,刺激的”。因此,本題正確答案為D選項(xiàng)。

13.考查固定搭配。固定結(jié)構(gòu)thefirsttodo表示“第一個(gè)做某事”,A、C、D選項(xiàng)均不正確。因此本題正確答案為B。

14.考查形近詞詞義辨析。此處應(yīng)為過(guò)去式的動(dòng)詞作謂語(yǔ),且可與介詞from搭配。A選項(xiàng)evolved表示“逐漸形成,進(jìn)化,釋放”,B選項(xiàng)revolved表示“旋轉(zhuǎn),反復(fù)思考”,C選項(xiàng)involved表示“涉及,參與”,D選項(xiàng)resolved表示“解決,表決,分解”。even表示本句內(nèi)容是對(duì)上一句的進(jìn)一步補(bǔ)充,依然闡述希爾頓連鎖酒店的創(chuàng)造性。詞組evolvefrom表示“由……進(jìn)化,來(lái)源于……”。句意:就連現(xiàn)代的酒店預(yù)訂系統(tǒng)也是來(lái)源于一間1948年創(chuàng)建的希爾頓酒店。故本題正確答案為A項(xiàng)。

15.考查名詞辨析??杖碧巻卧~作own的賓語(yǔ)。A選項(xiàng)lobbies表示“大堂”,B選項(xiàng)terraces表示“露臺(tái),梯田”,C選項(xiàng)properties表示“資產(chǎn),財(cái)產(chǎn)”,D選項(xiàng)balconies表示“陽(yáng)臺(tái),露臺(tái),(劇院)包廂”。文章最后一段對(duì)希爾頓酒店的發(fā)展作了總結(jié),指出希爾頓酒店集團(tuán)擁有多少資產(chǎn),因此properties“財(cái)產(chǎn)”最符合句意,故本題正確答案為C。

10.單選題

TheReader'sDigestinvestigationaskedAmericanswhichwasthebiggestthreattothenation'sfuture--bigbusiness,biglabororbiggovernment.Awhopping67percentreplied"biggovernment".Thatisabigchangeover40yearsago.A1954OpinionResearchCorp.Pollfoundthatonly16percentofAmericansindictedbiggovernment,giventhesamethreechoices.Ina1965Gallupsurvey,thosebelievingbiggovernmenttobetheproblemhadrisento35percent;by1985,to50percent.

Now(1995)twoofthreeAmericansfearbiggovernment.Opinionresearchersrarelyseesuchavastchangeinpublicattitude.Whenputinhistoricalperspective,fromthetimeofFranklinRoosevelt’sNewDealtothepresent,thefallenstatusofgovernmentasaprotectorandbenefactorisextraordinary.We'vereturnedtotheinstinctiveAmericanwarinessofWashingtonsocommonbeforetheGreatDepression.

Inourpoll,takenbeforetheNovemberelections,theoverwhelmingmajorityofourrespondentswantedtostoporrollbacktheimpactofgovernment.InanswertoanotherquestionposedbyTheDigest,79percentsaidtheywantedeithernomorethanthecurrentlevelofgovernmentservicesandtaxes,orlessgovernmentandlowertaxes.

"Itseemstomethatweinthemiddleclassbearmostoftheburden,"saysJoNellNorman,61,anurseinDyersburg,Tenn.,whooftenwondersaboutthegovernment'sjudgmentinspendinghermoney.

OfAmericansinoursample,62percentbelievethatpoliticians’ethicsandhonestyhavefallen.AndwhataboutCongress?Isitdoingagoodjob?Ordomembers"spendmoretimethinkingabouttheirpoliticalfuturesthanpassinggoodlegislation?'

Acrossgenerations,athumping89percentthoughtthelatter."Congressalwaysseemstobescrewingup,"saysoneyoungXer.

However,Americansaresatisfiedwiththeirownlivesandjobs.Fouroffiverespondentswere"completely"or"somewhat"satisfied.Thefiguresheldupacrossallages-includingXers,whommanypunditshaveclaimedarepessimisticabouttheirfuture.

KeithUnderbill,22,ofFridley,Minn.,findshisjobasatelephoneoperatorforacataloguecompany"notchallenging,notdifficult"butstill"satisfyingbecauseoftheincome."Heseesitasaspringboardtobiggerthings."Ihopetostartmyownbusinesssomeday,somethinginfinance."Lookingdeeperatjobs,wefound70percentofAmericansbelievetheyareaboutwheretheyshouldbe,giventheirtalentsandeffort.Thisisanissuewhereagealwaysmakesadifference,sinceolderpeople,whoaremoreestablishedintheirjobs,tendtobemoresatisfied,whileyoungerworkersarestilltryingtofindtherightniche.Sureenough,Xersscored65percent,aboutfivepointsbelowaverage.

1.Thesurveyhasrevealedthatinthe40yearsthepublicfaithintheAmericangovernmenthasdroppedby(

).

2.TheU.S.governmentstatusinthepublicmindbeforetheGreatDepression

).

3.Itisclearthatthepeople'sgreatdislikeforthegovernmentisrelatedwith

).

4."Politicalfuture"inParagraph5maymean

).

5.Olderpeopleareunlikelytochangetheirjobssooftensince(

).

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.67percent

B.51percent

C.35percent

D.16percent

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.wasregardedasquitenormal

B.usedtobeverylow

C.remainedadifficultproblemforthefederalgovernment

D.remindedpeopleoftheprincipleslaiddownbyWashington

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.theinefficientstyleofwork

B.oftenwrongjudgments

C.therisingrateoftaxes

D.theCongress

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.thefutureofthewholenation

B.people'swell-beinginthefuture

C.apositionofhigherrank

D.awarenessofconsistencyinpolicies

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.theyneedtosupporttheirfamilies

B.nocompanieswilltakeintheaged

C.ittakestimetolearnanewtradeorprofession

D.theireffortsandtalentsarefalling

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:C

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問(wèn)的是“調(diào)查表明在40年民眾對(duì)美國(guó)政府的信心下降了多少?”根據(jù)文章第二段可知現(xiàn)在是1995年,說(shuō)明40年前是1954年。文章第一段提到有67%的人認(rèn)為大政府對(duì)國(guó)家未來(lái)的威脅最大。而1954年只有16%人認(rèn)為大政府有威脅(A1954OpinionResearchCorp.Pollfoundthatonly16percentofAmericansindictedbiggovernment,giventhesamethreechoices),由此可知國(guó)民對(duì)政府的信心下降了51%。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問(wèn)的是“在大蕭條時(shí)期前美國(guó)政府在民眾的心中是怎樣的?”文章第二段最后一句提到“我們又回到了大蕭條時(shí)期美國(guó)人對(duì)華盛頓本能的謹(jǐn)慎”(We'vereturnedtotheinstinctiveAmericanwarinessofWashingtonsocommonbeforetheGreatDepression),說(shuō)明在大蕭條時(shí)期政府在民眾心中的地位就低,選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

3.推理判斷題。文章第六段提到89%的人認(rèn)為國(guó)會(huì)會(huì)把事情搞砸(Acrossgenerations,athumping89percentthoughtthelatter."Congressalwaysseemstobescrewingup,"saysoneyoungXer),選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

4.詞義題。文章第五段第一句提到在樣本中,62%的美國(guó)人認(rèn)為政客的道德和誠(chéng)實(shí)度已經(jīng)下降(OfAmericansinoursample,62percentbelievethatpoliticians’ethicsandhonestyhavefallen),以及比起通過(guò)好的法規(guī),議員們花更多的時(shí)間在他們的政治前途上嗎?(Ordomembers"spendmoretimethinkingabouttheirpoliticalfuturesthanpassinggoodlegislation?)可知這里的政治前途指的是權(quán)利地位,選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

5.推理判斷題。文章最后一段提到由于年齡較大的人在工作中更穩(wěn)定,他們往往更滿意(sinceolderpeople,whoaremoreestablishedintheirjobs,tendtobemoresatisfied),選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

11.單選題

10.In1914,anapparentlyinsignificanteventinaremotepartofEasternEurope(

)Europeintoagreatwar.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.inserted

B.pitched

C.plunged

D.imposed

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。insert“插入,嵌入”后接in/into/between;pitch“用力扔,投,拋”;plunge“使…陷入(某種狀態(tài)),把…拋進(jìn)”,常和介詞into搭配使用;impose“迫使,把…強(qiáng)加于”,常和介詞on/upon搭配使用。句意:1914年,發(fā)生在東歐一個(gè)偏僻地區(qū)的一件微不足道的小事使歐洲陷入了一場(chǎng)大戰(zhàn)。根據(jù)題干介詞into可知只有C項(xiàng)符合。答案選C。

12.單選題

()thatnight.theuniongovernmentwouldhavebeenoverthrown.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Ifhewereassassinated

B.Wereheassassinated

C.Hehadbeenassassinated

D.Hadhebeenassassinated

【答案】D

【解析】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。在if虛擬條件句中,如果是對(duì)過(guò)去情況的虛擬,則條件從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去完成時(shí),主句用would/could/should+have+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞形式。如果虛擬條件句中有were,had或should,則可以將if省略,將這幾個(gè)詞提到主語(yǔ)之前,構(gòu)成主謂倒裝。句意:如果他那天晚上被暗殺,那么聯(lián)邦政府可能就已經(jīng)被推翻了。故本題正確答案為D。

13.單選題

Airpollution(

)tomanykindsofdiseases.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.confirms

B.communicates

C.consumes

D.contributes

【答案】D

【解析】考察動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。confirm“確認(rèn);確定;證實(shí)”;communicate“傳達(dá);感染;顯露”;consume“消耗,消費(fèi)”;contribute“貢獻(xiàn),捐獻(xiàn)”。contributeto“有助于,捐獻(xiàn)”。句意:空氣污染導(dǎo)致各種疾病。

14.單選題

Noonecanfunctioniftheyare()ofadequatesleep.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.deprived

B.ripped

C.stripped

D.contrived

【答案】A

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)deprive“使喪失,剝奪”,常和介詞of搭配;B選項(xiàng)rip“撕裂”;C選項(xiàng)strip“剝?nèi)ァ?;D選項(xiàng)contrive“謀劃,設(shè)法做到”。句意:如果剝奪了充足的睡眠,沒(méi)有人能正常工作。deprive和strip都有剝奪的意思,但是strip較普遍,多指剝削金錢,土地等物質(zhì)上的東西。而deprive除了前面的意思,還可以特指權(quán)利,勢(shì)力等東西。所以選項(xiàng)A更符合語(yǔ)境。

15.單選題

Thunderstorms,withtheirjaggedburstsoflightingandroaringthunder,areactuallyoneofnature'sprimarymechanismsfortransferringheatfromthesurfaceoftheearthintotheatmosphere.Athunderstormstartswhenlow-lyingpocketsofwarmairfromthesurfaceoftheearthbegintorise.Thepocketofwarmairfloatupwardsthroughtheairabovethatisbothcoolerandheavier.Therisingpocketscoolastheirpressuredecreases,andtheirheatisreleasedabovethecondensationlinethroughtheformationofcumulusclouds.

Whatwillhappenwiththesecloudsdependsonthetemperatureoftheatmosphere.Inwinter,theairtemperaturedifferentialbetweenhigherandloweraltitudesisnotextremelygreat,andthetemperatureoftherisingairmassdropsmoreslowly.Insummer,however,whenthereisahighaccumulationofheatneartheearth’ssurface,indirectcontrasttotheconsiderablycolderairhigherup,thetemperaturedifferentialbetweenhigherandloweraltitudesismuchmorepronounced.Aswarmairrisesinthistypeofenvironment,thetemperaturedropsmuchmorerapidlythanitdoesinwinter;whenthetemperaturedropsmorethanfourdegreesFahrenheitperthousandfeetofaltitude,cumuluscloudsaggregateintoasinglemassivecumulonimbuscloud,orthunderhead.

Inisolation,asinglethunderstormisanimpressivebutfairlybenignwayforMotherEarthtodefusetrappedheatfromhersurface;thunderstorms,however,canappearinconcert,andtheresultingshow,whileextremelyimpressive,canalsoproveextraordinarilydestructive.Whenthereisalarge-scalecollisionbetweencoldairandwarmairmassesduringthesummermonths,asquallline,orseriesofthunderheads,maydevelop.Itiscommonforasqualllinetobeginwhenanadvancingcoldfrontmeetsupwithandforcesitselfunderalayerofwarmandmoistair,creatingalineofthunderstormsthatracesforwardatspeedsofapproximatelyfortymilesperhour.Asquallline,whichcanbehundredsofmileslongandcancontainfiftydistinctthunderheads,isamagnificentforceofnaturewithincrediblepotentialfordestruction.Withinthesqualllineoftennearitssouthernend,canbefoundsupercells,long-livedrotatingstormsofexceptionalstrengththatserveasthesourceoftornadoes.

1.Thetopicofthepassageis().

2.Theword"mechanism"inparagraph1mostprobablymeans().

3.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat,insummer,().

4.Choosethedrawingbelowthatmostcloselyresemblesasquallline.

5.Allofthefollowingarementionedinthepassageaboutsupercellsexceptthatthey().

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.thedevelopmentofthunderstormsandsqualllines

B.thedevastatingeffectsoftornadoes.

C.Cumulusandcumulonimbusclouds

D.thepoweroftornados

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.machines

B.motions

C.methods

D.materials

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.thereisnotagreattemperaturedifferentialbetweenhigherandloweraltitudes.

B.thegreatertemperaturedifferentialbetweenhigherandloweraltitudesmakesthunderstormsmorelikelytooccur.

C.thereisnotmuchcoldairwhichdropsmoreslowlythanitdoesinwinter.

D.thetemperatureofrisingairdropsmoreslowlythanitdoesinwinter.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.

B.

C.

D.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.areofshortduration.

B.havecirclingwinds.

C.haveextraordinarypower.

D.cangivebirthtotornadoes.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】1.主旨大意題。題干詢問(wèn)文章主題。根據(jù)原文第一段“Thunderstorms,withtheirjaggedburstsoflightingandroaringthunder,areactuallyoneofnature'sprimarymechanismsfortransferringheatfromthesurfaceoftheearthintotheatmosphere.”可知,雷暴帶著鋸齒狀的閃電和轟鳴的雷聲,實(shí)際上是大自然把熱量從地球表面轉(zhuǎn)移到大氣中的主要方式之一。此處引出話題Thunderstorm。后文又圍繞Thunderstorm和squallline的形成進(jìn)行了論述,故A項(xiàng)“雷雨和颮線的形成”符合題意。B項(xiàng)“龍卷風(fēng)的毀滅性結(jié)果”和D項(xiàng)“龍卷風(fēng)的威力”在文中并未提及,可排除;C項(xiàng)“積云和積雨云”只是在文中有所提及,不能作為文章主題。因此,本題正確答案為A項(xiàng)。

2.詞匯題。將mechanism定位到原文第一段,由“fortransferringheatfromthesurfaceoftheearthintotheatmosphere”可知,雷暴是為了將熱量從地表轉(zhuǎn)移到大氣中,因此這是一種大自然的原始方式,故C項(xiàng)methods含義最接近。A項(xiàng)machine表示“機(jī)器”;B項(xiàng)motion表示“動(dòng)作;移動(dòng);手勢(shì);議案”;D項(xiàng)material表示“材料”。

3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)原文第二段“Whatwillhappenwiththesecloudsdependsonthetemperatureoftheatmosphere.”可知,積雨云的發(fā)生取決于大氣溫度。而根據(jù)“Insummer,...thetemperaturedifferentialbetweenhigherandloweraltitudesismuchmorepronounced.Aswarmairrisesinthistypeofenvironment,thetemperaturedropsmuchmorerapidlythanitdoesinwinter...”可知,較高與較低海拔之間的溫差更顯著。因此,A項(xiàng)“較高與較低海拔之間沒(méi)有很大溫差”表述錯(cuò)誤。B項(xiàng)“較高與較低海拔之間較大的溫差更可能發(fā)生雷雨”;C項(xiàng)“(夏天)沒(méi)有太多的冷空氣的溫度下降得比冬天更快”以及D項(xiàng)“(夏天)上升空氣的溫度比冬天下降得慢”均與原文不符。故本題正確答案為B項(xiàng)。

4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)原文最后一段“Asquallline,whichcanbehundredsofmileslongandcancontainfiftydistinctthunderheads,...”可知一條颮線可能長(zhǎng)達(dá)數(shù)百英里,可容納50個(gè)不同的雷雨云砧。通俗的說(shuō)就是由于雷暴云中強(qiáng)烈上升氣流到達(dá)對(duì)流層頂后,受到對(duì)流層頂(平流層下)強(qiáng)烈的水平氣流作用而不能繼續(xù)上升,從而向四周快速擴(kuò)散,形成云砧。由于對(duì)流層頂溫度很低,上升氣流中凝結(jié)的水汽以冰晶形式存在,冰晶隨風(fēng)擴(kuò)散,所以云砧看上去是白色的。由此可推測(cè)C項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)圖像應(yīng)為“閃電”;B項(xiàng)圖像應(yīng)為“龍卷風(fēng)”;D項(xiàng)圖像應(yīng)為“晴間多云”。

5.推理判斷題。根據(jù)原文最后一段“Withinthesqualllineoftennearitssouthernend,canbefoundsupercells,long-livedrotatingstormsofexceptionalstrengththatserveasthesourceoftornadoes.”可知,在颮線的南端經(jīng)??梢园l(fā)現(xiàn)超級(jí)單體,這是一種長(zhǎng)期存在且又異常強(qiáng)大的旋轉(zhuǎn)風(fēng)暴,是龍卷風(fēng)的源頭。由此可知,A項(xiàng)“持續(xù)時(shí)間短暫”與原文不符。而B(niǎo)項(xiàng)“有旋轉(zhuǎn)風(fēng)”;C項(xiàng)“能量非凡”以及D項(xiàng)“可以引起龍卷風(fēng)”均與原文表述相符,故本題正確答案為A項(xiàng)。

16.單選題

Everyoneinterviewedhadbeen(

)tounfairtreatment.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.subjected

B.adjusted

C.devoted

D.entitled

【答案】A

【解析】考察動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。subject“使……隸屬;使屈從于……”;adjust“調(diào)整,使……適合”;devote“致力于;奉獻(xiàn)”;entitle“定名為……;使……有權(quán)利”。根據(jù)后面的unfairtreatment(不公平待遇)可推測(cè)空格處應(yīng)該填入一個(gè)帶有貶義的詞,besubjectto是一個(gè)固定詞組,意思是“遭受”,選項(xiàng)A符合題意。句意:每個(gè)被采訪的人都遭遇過(guò)不公平的對(duì)待。

17.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingintoChinese.

WhileitistruethatAmericansbelievethatclimbingtheeducationalladderleadstosuccess,theyarelesscertainthatintellectualachievement,whichisthemainpurposeoftheschools,istheonlyimportantfactorleadingtosuccess.Acompetitive-evenaggressive-personalityisseenasimportanttosuccess,especiallyinmen.Thedevelopmentofsocialandpoliticalskillsarealsoconsideredtobeveryimportant.

TohelpAmericanstodeveloptheseotherimportantskills,schoolshaveaddedalargenumberofextracurricularactivitiestodailylifeatschool.Thisisespeciallytrueofhighschoolsandcollegesbutextendsdownintoelementaryschoolsaswell.

Athletics,frequentlycalled"competitivesports",areperhapsthemostimportantoftheseactivities.Football,basketball,andbaseballteamsareseenasveryimportantinstudents,particularlyboys,the"wi

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