新概念英語(yǔ)第二冊(cè)第15課

新概念英語(yǔ)第二冊(cè)第15課新概念英語(yǔ)第二冊(cè)第15課新概念英語(yǔ)第二冊(cè)第15課新概念英語(yǔ)第二冊(cè)第15課編制僅供參考審核批準(zhǔn)生效日期地址：電話：傳真:郵編:Lesson15Goodnews佳音ThesecretarytoldmethatMr.Harmsworthwouldseeme.IfeltverynervouswhenIwentintohisoffice.HedidnotlookupfromhisdeskwhenIentered.AfterIhadsatdown,hesaidthatbusinesswasverybad.Hetoldmethatthefirmcouldnotaffordtopaysuchlargesalaries.Twentypeoplehadalreadyleft.Iknewthatmyturnhadcome.'Mr.Harmsworth,'Isaidinaweakvoice.'Don'tinterrupt,'hesaid.ThenhesmiledandtoldmeIwouldreceiveanextrathousandpoundsayear!Newwordsandexpressions生詞和短語(yǔ)secretaryn.秘書nervousadj.精神緊張的affordv.負(fù)擔(dān)得起weakadj.弱的interruptv.插話，打斷參考譯文秘書告訴我說(shuō)哈姆斯沃斯先生要見(jiàn)我。我走進(jìn)他的辦公室，感到非常緊張。我進(jìn)去的時(shí)候，他連頭也沒(méi)抬。待我坐下后，他說(shuō)生意非常不景氣。他還告訴我，公司支付不起這么龐大的工資開支，有20個(gè)人已經(jīng)離去。我知道這次該輪到我了?！肮匪刮炙瓜壬蔽覠o(wú)力地說(shuō)。“不要打斷我的話，”他說(shuō)。然后他微笑了一下告訴我說(shuō)，我每年將得到1,000英鎊的額外收入。1.Goodnews佳音news[nju:z]n.1.[u]newinformationaboutsth.thathashappenedrecently消息；音信.有什么最新消息嗎What’sthelatest([’leitist]adj.最近的；最新的)news這真是好消息。That’sgreatnews.把你最近的情況全都告訴我。Tellmeallyournews.你有沒(méi)有瑪麗的消息HaveyouhadanynewsofMary你是想先聽(tīng)好消息還是壞消息Doyouwantthegoodnewsorthebadnewsfirst一條/一則消息apiece/bitofnews2.[u]reportsofrecenteventsthatappearinnewspapersorontelevisionorradio媒體對(duì)重要事情的報(bào)道；新聞.國(guó)內(nèi)/國(guó)際新聞national/internationalnews一則新聞；新聞報(bào)道anewsstory/item/report她老上報(bào)紙。Sheisalwaysinthenews.這次婚禮成了頭版新聞。Theweddingwasfrontnews.3.(thenews)[sing]aregulartelevisionorradiobroadcastofthelatestnews(電視或廣播中的)新聞節(jié)目.收聽(tīng)/收看新聞節(jié)目tolistento/watchthenews九點(diǎn)的新聞報(bào)道thenineo’clocknews4.[u]aperson,thingoreventthatisconsideredtobeinterestingenoughtobereportedasnews新聞人物；新聞事件.流行音樂(lè)明星們總是新聞人物。Popstarsarealwaysnews.IDM:1.bebadnews(forsb./sth.)tobelikelytocauseproblems對(duì)…不利.中央供暖系統(tǒng)可能不利于室內(nèi)植物。Centralheatingisbadnewsforindoorplants.airconditioner[k?n'di??n?]n.空調(diào)機(jī)；空調(diào)設(shè)備(conditionern.[c,u]護(hù)發(fā)劑；護(hù)發(fā)素shampoo[??m'pu:]n.(pl.-os)[c,u]洗發(fā)劑；香波；洗滌劑)heater['hi:t?]n.加熱器；爐子；熱水器2.breakthenews(tosb.)tobethefirsttotellsb.somebadnews最先(向…)透露壞消息；說(shuō)出實(shí)情3.begoodnews(forsb./sth.)tobelikelytobehelpfulorgiveanadvantage對(duì)…有利(或有益處).降低利率對(duì)于私房買主來(lái)說(shuō)是個(gè)福音。Thecut(n.削減，減少)ininterestratesisgoodnewsforhomeowners.(homeowner['h?um?un?]n.房主)4.nonewsisgoodnews(saying)iftherewerebadnewswewouldhearit,soaswehaveheardnothing,itislikelythatnothingbadhashappened沒(méi)有消息就是好消息newsagency(alsopressagency)n.通訊社newsagent['nju:ze?d??nt](BrE)(AmEnewsdealer)1.報(bào)刊經(jīng)銷人；報(bào)刊經(jīng)銷商2.(newsagent’s)(pl.newsagents)報(bào)刊經(jīng)銷店；書報(bào)亭newscast['nju:zkɑ:st]n.新聞節(jié)目；新聞廣播newsconferencen.(esp.AmE)=pressconference記者招待會(huì)；新聞發(fā)布會(huì)2.ThesecretarytoldmethatMr.Harmsworthwouldseeme.秘書告訴我說(shuō)哈姆斯沃斯先生要見(jiàn)我。1)secretary['sekr?t?ri]n.(pl.-ies)(abbreviationSec.)1.apersonwhoworksinanoffice,workingforanotherperson,dealingwithlettersandtelephonecalls,typing,keepingrecords,arrangingmeetingswithpeople,etc.秘書.請(qǐng)和我的秘書聯(lián)系，預(yù)約一個(gè)時(shí)間。Pleasecontact['k?nt?kt]mysecretarytomakeanappointment.(n.[c]~(withsb.)約會(huì)；預(yù)約；約定)2.anofficialofaclub,society,etc.whodealswithwritingletters,keepingrecords,andmakingbusinessarrangements(俱樂(lè)部、社團(tuán)等的)干事，文書3.(AmE)theheadofagovernmentdepartment,chosenbythePresident部長(zhǎng)；大臣.財(cái)政部長(zhǎng)SecretaryoftheTreasury(['tre??ri]n.(pl.-ies)1.(theTreasury)(英國(guó)、美國(guó)和一些其他國(guó)家的)財(cái)政部2.[c](城堡等中的)金銀財(cái)寶庫(kù)，寶庫(kù))SecretaryofStaten.1.(alsoSecretary)(inBritain)theheadofanimportantgovernmentdepartment(英國(guó))大臣.教育與就業(yè)大臣theSecretaryofStateforEducationandEmployment2.(intheUS)theheadofthegovernmentdepartmentthatdealswithforeignaffairs(美國(guó))國(guó)務(wù)卿SecretaryGeneraln.thepersonwhoisinchargeoftheadministrativedepartmentofalargeinternationalorpoliticalorganization(大型國(guó)際組織或政治組織的)秘書長(zhǎng)，總干事，總書記：.北約前任秘書長(zhǎng)theformerSecretaryGeneralofNATO(generaladj.1.全體的；普遍的；總的2.[onlybeforenoun](alsoGeneral)[afternoun]首席的；總管的.總經(jīng)理thegeneralmanager)(NATO['neit?u]=NorthAtlanticTreatyOrganizationItisanorganizationtowhichmanyEuropeancountriesandtheUSandCanadabelong.Theyagreetogiveeachothermilitaryhelpifnecessary北約；北大西洋公約組織)secretarial[,sekr?'te?r??l]adj.involvingorconnectedwiththeworkofasecretary秘書的；文秘工作的：.文秘工作；做秘書須具備的資格secretarialwork/qualifications(n.[c]資格；學(xué)歷)2)would在這里不是表示單純的過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)，而是表示“想…”、“要…”的意思：.你想要吃(喝)什么Whatwouldyouliketohave約翰不愿意把他的自行車借給我。Johnwouldn’tlendmehisbicycle.3.IfeltverynervouswhenIwentintohisoffice.我走進(jìn)他的辦公室，感到非常緊張。nervous['n?:v?s]adj.1.~(about/ofsth.)anxiousaboutsth.orafraidofsth.焦慮的；擔(dān)憂的；惶恐的opposite:confident.我在考試前感到非常緊張。Ifeelverynervousbeforeexams.他從未當(dāng)眾講過(guò)話，因此他非常緊張。Hehadneverspokeninpublic,sohewasverynervous.面試前我感到惶恐不安。Ifeltreallynervousbeforetheinterview.他過(guò)去一直不敢邀請(qǐng)我們。Hehadbeennervousaboutinvitingus.這匹馬可能害怕汽車。Thehorsemaybenervousofcars.worriedorfrightened神經(jīng)質(zhì)的；易緊張焦慮的；膽怯的：opposite:nerveless(['n?:vl?s]adj.1.無(wú)力的；麻木的2.無(wú)謂的；鎮(zhèn)定從容的；勇敢的).她是個(gè)神經(jīng)質(zhì)的女人。你看見(jiàn)她臉上那種神經(jīng)質(zhì)的微笑了嗎Sheisanervouswoman.Doyouseethatnervoussmileonherface她是個(gè)瘦削而又膽怯的女孩兒。Shewasathin,nervousgirl.他不是那種好緊張的人。He’snotthenervoustype.3.connectedwiththebody’snervesandoftenaffectingyoumentallyoremotionally神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)的.神經(jīng)紊亂；神經(jīng)癥anervousdisorder/disease他的神經(jīng)處于極度疲勞狀態(tài)。Hewasinastateofnervousexhaustion[?g'z?:st??n].adv.nervously.她露出不安的微笑。Shesmilednervously.n.nervousness[u].他試圖掩飾他的惶恐不安。Hetriedtohidehisnervousness.nervousbreakdown(alsobreakdown)n.aperiodofmentalillnessinwhichsb.becomesverydepressed,anxiousandtired,andcannotdealwithnormallife神經(jīng)衰弱.患神經(jīng)衰弱tohaveanervousbreakdown與nervous容易混淆的另一個(gè)詞是irritable(易怒的，急躁的)：irritable['?r?t?bl]adj.gettingannoyed(adj.惱怒；生氣；煩惱)easily;showingyouranger易怒的；暴躁的.我們的老師是位脾氣急躁的老太太。她很容易生氣。Ourteacherisanirritableoldlady.Shegetsangryeasily.irritability[,?r?t?'b?l?ti]n.[u]irritably['?r?t?bl?]adv.4.HedidnotlookupfromhisdeskwhenIentered.我進(jìn)去的時(shí)候，他連頭也沒(méi)抬。在這句話的lookup中，look是它的本義“看”、“瞧”。lookup一般表示原先在埋頭干什么之后抬頭看：lookup(fromsth.)toraiseyoureyeswhenyouarelookingdownatsth.(在低頭看某物時(shí))抬頭往上看.我進(jìn)房間時(shí)，她從書本上抬起頭來(lái)看了看。ShelookedupfromherbookasIenteredtheroom.他聽(tīng)到聲音后就抬起了頭。(原先在讀書)Helookedup(fromhisbook)whenheheardanoise.lookupvi.(informal)(ofbusiness,sb’ssituation,etc.生意、某人的情況等)tobecomebetter好轉(zhuǎn)；改善：.情況終于開始好轉(zhuǎn)了。Atlastthingswerebeginningtolookup.looksb.up[nopassive](informal)tovisitormakecontactwithsb.,esp.whenyouhavenotseenthemforalongtime(尤指在久別之后)拜訪，看望，接觸：.你下次到倫敦，一定來(lái)看我。Dolookmeupthenexttimeyou’reinLondon.looksth.uptolookforinformationinadictionaryorreferencebook(在詞典或參考書中)查閱，查檢.你查一查下一班火車的時(shí)間好嗎Canyoulookupthetimeofthenexttrain我在詞典里查過(guò)這個(gè)詞。Ilookeditupinthedictionary.5.AfterIhadsatdown,hesaidthatbusinesswasverybad.待我坐下后，他說(shuō)生意非常不景氣。6.Hetoldmethatthefirmcouldnotaffordtopaysuchlargesalaries.Twentypeoplehadalreadyleft.他還告訴我，公司支付不起這么龐大的工資開支，有20個(gè)人已經(jīng)離去。1)afford[?'f?:d]v.1.[nopassive](usuallyusedwithcan,couldorbeableto,esp.innegativesentencesorquestions通常與can、could或beableto連用，尤用于否定句或疑問(wèn)句)tohaveenoughmoneyortimetobeabletobuyortodosth.買得起;(有時(shí)間)做，能做：.[vn]我們今年買得起/買不起小汽車。Wecan/can’taffordacarthisyear.她覺(jué)得再也抽不出時(shí)間歇班了。Shefeltshecouldn’taffordanymoretimeoffwork.[vtoinf]今年夏天我們沒(méi)有足夠的錢去國(guó)外。Wecan’taffordtogoabroadthissummer.[vntoinf]那時(shí)他沒(méi)有錢旅行。Hecouldn’tthenaffordthemoneytogoonthetrip.2.[nopassive](usuallyusedwithcanorcould,esp.innegativesentencesandquestions通常與can或could連用，尤用于否定句或疑問(wèn)句)ifyousaythatyoucan’taffordtodosth.,youmeanthatyoushouldnotdoitbecauseitwillcauseproblemsforyouifyoudo承擔(dān)得起(后果)：.[vtoinf]我們對(duì)這個(gè)警告決不能等閑視之。Wecannotaffordtoignorethiswarning.我不能再病了。Ican’taffordtobeillagain.[vn]我們不能再有任何耽擱了。Wecannotaffordanymoredelays.我只能為這次旅行抽出一周的時(shí)間。Icanonlyaffordoneweekforthetrip.3.(formal)toprovidesb.withsth.提供，給予：.[vnn]那天晚上瑪麗為我們提供了一個(gè)房間過(guò)夜。Maryaffordedusaroomforthenight.這項(xiàng)計(jì)劃給年輕人提供了獲得工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)的機(jī)會(huì)。Theprogramme['pr?ugr?m](AmEprogram)affordsyoungpeoplethechancetogainworkexperience.affordability[?,f?:d?'b?l?ti]n.[u]affordable[?'f?:d?bl]adj..付得起的價(jià)格affordableprices2)such和so都可以用來(lái)表示程度，意思是“如此；這樣”，但用法卻不相同。1．such是形容詞，用來(lái)修飾名詞，名詞前有無(wú)形容詞都可以；so是副詞，用來(lái)修飾形容詞或副詞，形容詞后可以省略名詞。例如：Heissucha（big）fool．他是個(gè)（大）傻瓜。Heissofoolish（aman）．他是如此愚蠢（的一個(gè)人）。2．單數(shù)名詞前有不定冠詞與形容詞時(shí)，so和such的位置不同。前者為“so＋形容詞＋冠詞＋名詞”，后者為“such＋冠詞＋形容詞＋名詞”。例如：Iknowsuchacleverboy．我認(rèn)識(shí)如此聰明的一個(gè)男孩。Iknowsocleveraboy．我認(rèn)識(shí)如此聰明的一個(gè)男孩。3．so后即使有形容詞，也不能修飾復(fù)數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞，而such則可以。例如：Theyaresuchusefulbooks．它們是如此有用的書。Hegaveussuchgoodfood．他給了我們這么好的食物。4．名詞前有表示“多、少”意義的many，much，few，little等修飾詞時(shí)，要用so，不用such。例如：Therearesomanyflowersinourschoolgarden．我們學(xué)校的花園里有那么多的花。You'llfindEnglishabridgetosomuchknowledge．你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)英語(yǔ)是通向如此豐富知識(shí)的橋梁。IhavesolittlemoneythatIcan'tlendyouany．我的錢很少，不能借給你。5．當(dāng)little表示“小”的意思修飾可數(shù)名詞時(shí)，其前只能用such，不能用so。例如：Ihaveneverseensuchlittlesheepbefore．我以前從沒(méi)見(jiàn)過(guò)這么小的綿羊。7.Iknewthatmyturnhadcome.我知道這次該輪到我了。turn在這里是名詞，意為“輪流”、“輪班”、“(依次輪流時(shí)各自的)一次機(jī)會(huì)”：.我已經(jīng)問(wèn)了兩個(gè)問(wèn)題。該輪到你了。Ihavealreadyaskedtwoquestions.Nowit’syourturn.輪到他時(shí)，他卻一個(gè)字也說(shuō)不出來(lái)。Whenhisturncame,hecouldn’tspeakanyword.8.'Mr.Harmsworth,'Isaidinaweakvoice.“哈姆斯沃斯先生，”我無(wú)力地說(shuō)。'Don'tinterrupt,'hesaid.“不要打斷我的話，”他說(shuō)。1)weak在這里不是指身體虛弱，而是指聲音“微弱”、“無(wú)力”，因?yàn)榕卤婚_除而感到緊張。weak[wi:k]adj.(weaker,weakest)1.notphysicallystrong虛弱的；無(wú)力的.她病后仍然虛弱。Sheisstillweakafterherillness.2.thatcannotsupportalotofweight;likelytobreak不牢固的；易損壞的；易破的.那座橋梁不太牢固，承受不住過(guò)多的車輛。Thatbridgeistooweaktocarryheavytraffic.3.easytoinfluence;nothavingmuchpower易受影響的，懦弱的；軟弱無(wú)力的.軟弱無(wú)力的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人；弱國(guó)aweakleader/country在這個(gè)行業(yè)，工會(huì)一直沒(méi)有權(quán)威。Theunionshavealwaysbeenweakinthisindustry.4.notfinanciallystrongorsuccessful疲軟的；蕭條的.疲軟的經(jīng)濟(jì)/市場(chǎng)aweakeconomy/market5.~(insth.)notgoodatsth.不善于；不擅長(zhǎng)；(能力)弱的，差的.我總是學(xué)不好理科。Iwasalwaysweakinthesciencesubjects.(文科：theliberalarts)6.thatpeoplearenotlikelytobelieveorbepersuadedby不能令人信服的；不能說(shuō)服人的.無(wú)說(shuō)服力的證據(jù)weakevidence7.noteasilyseenorheard微弱的；隱約的.微弱的光線/信號(hào)/聲音aweaklight/signal/sound8.~point/spot(n.1.斑點(diǎn)2.污跡，臟點(diǎn)3.地點(diǎn)，場(chǎng)所4.~ofsth少量；一點(diǎn))thepartofaperson’scharacter,anargument(論據(jù)，論點(diǎn)),etc.thatiseasytoattackorcriticize弱點(diǎn)；缺點(diǎn)；不足之處.這個(gè)隊(duì)的弱點(diǎn)在防守。Theteam’sweakpointsareindefence.IDM:1.weakattheknees(informal)hardlyabletostandbecauseofemotion,fear,illness,etc.(因激動(dòng)、恐懼、疾病等)兩腿發(fā)軟.他突然笑了笑使得她兩膝發(fā)軟。Hissuddensmilemadehergoweakattheknees.2.theweaklink(inthechain)thepointatwhichasystemoranorganizationismostlikelytofail薄弱環(huán)節(jié).她徑直攻擊他的辯論中的一個(gè)薄弱環(huán)節(jié)。Shewentstraightfortheoneweaklinkinthechainofhisargument.weaken[?wi:k?n]v.1.tomakesb./sth.lessstrongorpowerful;tobecomelessstrongorpowerful(使)虛弱，衰弱；減弱；削弱opposite:strengthen.[vn]這個(gè)隊(duì)因傷實(shí)力減弱。Theteamhasbeenweakenedbyinjury.[v]他的權(quán)威日趨減弱。Hisauthorityissteadily(adv.穩(wěn)步地，持續(xù)地，勻速地)weakening.2.tomakesb.lessphysicallystrong;tobecomelessphysicallystrong(使)虛弱，衰弱.[vn]爆炸松動(dòng)了這座樓房的地基。Theexplosionhadweakenedthebuilding’sfoundations.[v]她覺(jué)得兩腿無(wú)力。Shefeltherlegsweaken.3.tobecomeormakesb.becomelessdeterminedorcertainaboutsth.使(肯定程度)減弱；動(dòng)搖；猶豫.[vn]什么也不能削弱他繼續(xù)下去的決心。Nothingcouldweakenhisresolvetocontinue.(resolve[ri?z?lv]n.[u]~(todosth.)(formal)strongdeterminationtoachievesth.決心；堅(jiān)定的信念v.1.vt.解決(問(wèn)題或困難)2.~(onsth./ondoingsth)決心；決定)weaklyadv.inaweakway虛弱地；軟弱無(wú)力地；懦弱地；冷淡地weaknessn.1.[u]lackofstrength,powerordetermination軟弱；虛弱；疲軟；衰弱；懦弱2.[c]aweakpointinasystem,sb.’scharacter,etc.(系統(tǒng)、性格等的)弱點(diǎn)，缺點(diǎn)，不足3.[c,usuallysing.]~(forsth./sb.)difficultinresistingsth./sb.thatyoulikeverymuch(對(duì)人或事物的)迷戀，無(wú)法抗拒：.他愛(ài)吃巧克力。Hehasaweaknessforchocolate.2)interrupt[??nt??r?pt]v.1.~(sb./sth.)(withsth.)tosayordosth.thatmakessb.stopwhattheyaresayingordoing插嘴；打擾；打岔.[v]對(duì)不起打擾一下，有人要見(jiàn)你。Sorrytointerrupt,butthere’ssomeonetoseeyou.請(qǐng)你別老是插嘴好嗎Wouldyoumindnotinterruptingallthetime[vn]我希望我沒(méi)有打攪你。IhopeI’mnotinterruptingyou.他們被敲門聲打斷了。Theywereinterruptedbyaknockatthedoor.2.vt.tostopthecontinuousprogressofsth.forashorttime暫停；中斷：.比賽因下雨中斷了幾次。Thegamewasinterruptedseveraltimesbyrain.3.vt.tostopaline,surface,view,etc.frombeingevenorcontinuous阻斷，遮擋(連續(xù)線條、平面、景色等)interruption[??nt??r?p?n]n.[c,u]1.somethingthattemporarily([?temp??rer?l?]adv.暫時(shí)地)stopsanactivityorasituation;atimewhenanactivityisstopped阻斷物；中斷時(shí)間.我總算連續(xù)工作了兩小時(shí)。Imanagedtoworkfortwohourswithoutinterruption.2.theactofinterruptingsb./sth.andofstoppingthemfromspeaking打擾；插嘴；打岔：.他沒(méi)有理會(huì)她的打岔。Heignoredherinterruptions.她連續(xù)講了20分鐘。Shespokefor20minuteswithoutinterruption.9.ThenhesmiledandtoldmeIwouldreceiveanextrathousandpoundsayear!然后他微笑了一下告訴我說(shuō)，我每年將得到1,000英鎊的額外收入。1)extra[?ekstr?]adj.,n.,adv.adj.morethanisusual,expected,orthanexistsalready額外的；分外的；外加的；附加的synonym:additional.星期天我通常要多睡一會(huì)兒。OnSundays,Iusuallygetsomeextrasleep.他上個(gè)月多得了100英鎊。Lastmonth,hewaspaidanextrahundredpounds.供應(yīng)早餐，不另收費(fèi)。Breakfastisprovidedatnoextracharge.今晚在路上要格外小心。Takeextracareontheroadsthisevening.我需要一些額外的錢。Ineedsomeextramoney.n.1.athingthatisaddedtosth.thatisnotusual,standardornecessaryandthatcostsmore(sthadded,forwhichanextrachargeismade)額外的事物；另外收費(fèi)的事物：.在這家旅店熱水浴另外收費(fèi)。Atthishotelahotbathisanextra.2.aspecialedition([i?di??n]n.版次，版本；（報(bào)紙、雜志的）一份；)(=oneprinting)ofanewspaper[報(bào)紙的]號(hào)外.晚間最新號(hào)外！Lateeveningextra!3.apersonwhoisemployedtoplayaverysmallpartinafilm/movie,usuallyasamemberofacrowd(電影里的)臨時(shí)演員，群眾演員.我們拍攝戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)場(chǎng)面需要數(shù)百名臨時(shí)演員。Weneedhundredsofextrasforthebattlescenes.adv.1.inaddition;morethanisusual,expected,orexistsalready(additional(ly);beyondwhatisusualornecessary)額外；另外；外加.另外收費(fèi)；另付；額外花費(fèi)tocharge/pay/costextra晚飯