中考教育英語直接引語間接引語專題指導(dǎo)總結(jié)練習(xí)8

初三英語直接引語與間接引語知識精講直接引語與間接引語（一）見解介紹：直接引語是直接引述別人的原話。間接引語是轉(zhuǎn)述別人所說的話。eg.Hesaid,“Iamgladtohaveachancetotalkwithyou（.直接引語）”Hesaidthathewasgladtohaveachancetotalkwithme.（間接引語）（二）變換方法：直接引語是陳述句時，改成間接引語要作人稱、時態(tài)、時間狀語、地址狀語、指示代詞、動詞、呼語等方面的變化。人稱的變化，包括人稱代詞、物主代詞、反身代詞等。eg.Hesaid,I’“veleftmybookinyourroom.”他說：“我把我的書落在了你的房間?！盚etoldmethathehadlefthisbookinmyroom.他告訴我他把他的書落在了我的房間。Shesaid,He“willbebusy.她說”，“他將很忙?！盨hesaidthathewouldbebusy.她說他將很忙。時態(tài)變化：假如主句的謂語動詞是一般過去時，若將直接引語變成間接引語，時態(tài)則有以下變化。直接引語間接引語一般現(xiàn)在時一般過去時現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時過去進(jìn)行時現(xiàn)在達(dá)成時過去達(dá)成時一般過去時過去達(dá)成時過去達(dá)成時過去達(dá)成時（不變）一般將來時過去將來時eg.1）Hesaid,“Iusuallydosportinthemorning.他說，“我”經(jīng)常在清晨鍛煉身體?！盚esaidthatheusuallydidsportinthemorning.他說他經(jīng)常在清晨鍛煉身體。（2）Tomtoldme,“Iamplayingcomputergamesnow.”湯姆告訴我，“我現(xiàn)在正在打電子游戲。”Tomtoldmethathewasplayingcomputergamesthen.湯姆告訴我他那時正在打電子游戲。3）Shesaid,“Ihaveseentheinterestingfilm.”她說，“我已經(jīng)看過那部風(fēng)趣的電影了?！盨hesaidthatshehadseentheinterestingfilm.她說她已經(jīng)看過那部風(fēng)趣的電影了。4）Hetoldme,“ItravelledtoseveralAfricancountries.”他告訴我，“我去過非洲的好幾個國家旅游?！盚etoldmethathehadtravelledtoseveralAfricancountries.他告訴我他已去過非洲的好幾個國家旅游。（5）Jacksaidtous,Agroup“offoreignerswillvisitourschool.”杰克對我們說，“一個外國接見團(tuán)將來我校參觀。”Jacktoldusthatagroupofforeignerswouldvisitourschool.杰克告訴我們一個外國接見團(tuán)將來我校參觀。3.

時間狀語的變化：（1）now→then（2）today→thatday（3）tonight→thatnight（4）thisweek→thatweek（5）yesterday→thedaybefore（6）yesterdayevening→theeveningbefore（7）lastweek→theweekbefore（8）threedaysago→threedaysbefore9）tomorrow→thenext/followingday10）tomorrowmorning→thenextmorning（11）nextweek→thenextweek（12）intwomonths→twomonthsafter13）thedayaftertomorrow→twodayslatereg.1）Theysaid,“wearehavinganexamnow.”他們說，“我們正在考試。”2）Johntoldme,“About5,000peoplewenttotheconcertyesterday.”約翰告訴我，“昨天大概有5000人去看音樂會了?！奔s翰告訴我頭一天大概有5000人去看了音樂會。3）Thefarmersaid,“wewillhaveagoodharvestnextyear.”農(nóng)民說，“明年我們將會有個大豐產(chǎn)?！盩hefarmersaidthattheywouldhaveagoodharvestthenextyear.農(nóng)民說他們轉(zhuǎn)年將會有個大豐產(chǎn)。地址狀語的變化：here→thereeg.Marysaid,“wewillhaveapressconferenceheretomorrow.”瑪麗說，“明天我們將在這里舉辦一個記者招待會?！盡arysaidthattheywouldhaveapressconferencetherethenextday.瑪麗說他們轉(zhuǎn)天將在那里舉辦一個記者招待會。5.指示代詞的變化：this→that；these→thoseeg.1）Marysaidtome,“Youcantakethisbook.”瑪麗說，“你能夠拿這本書。”MarytoldmethatIcouldtakethatbook.瑪麗告訴我，我能夠拿那本書。2）TheteachersaidtoJack,“Youmustcopythesenewwordsthreetimes.”老師對杰克說，“你必然把這些新單詞抄三遍。”TheteachertoldJackthathehadtocopythosenewwordsthreetimes.老師告訴杰克他必然把那些新單詞抄三遍。動詞的變化：come→go；bring→takeeg.1）Unclewangsaid,“Iwillcometomendyourmachinenextweek.”王叔叔說，“我下周將來維修你的機(jī)器。”Unclewangsaidthathewouldgotomendmymachinethenextweek.王叔叔說他轉(zhuǎn)過周來將去維修我的機(jī)器。2）Marysaid,“EverytimeIgotomyaunt’s,Iwillbringsomefreshfruittoher.”瑪麗說，“每次我去我的姑姑家，我都要給她帶一些新鮮的水果?！盡arysaidthateverytimeshewenttoheraunt’s,Shewouldtakesomefreshfruittoher.瑪麗說每一次她去她的姑姑家，她都要給她帶一些新鮮的水果。直接引語是疑問句時，要把疑問句語序變成陳述句語序，同樣地，主語的人稱、時態(tài)、狀語等也要做相應(yīng)的變化?！苯右Z假如是一般疑問句，變成間接引語時，要用連詞if或whether引導(dǎo)?！苯右Z假如是特別疑問句，變成間接引語時，仍用原來的特別疑問詞來作連詞?！骶渲械闹^語動詞是said時，要改為asked。▲沒有間接賓語的，能夠加一個間接賓語。如me，him等?！鴱木溆藐愂稣Z序。eg.1）Hesaid,“Doyouunderstand?”他問，“你理解嗎？”Heaskedmeif/whetherIunderstood.他問我能否我理解了。2）Heaskedme,“WhichpartofChinaimpressesyoumost?”他問我，“中國的哪一個地方給你留下的印象最深刻？”HeaskedmewhichpartofChinaimpressedmemost.他問我中國的哪一個地方給我留下的印象最深刻。直接引語是祈使句時，間接引語可變成以下形式：tellasksb（not）todosthordereg.1）HesaidtoDr.Bethune,“Don’tgoonoperatinganymore.”他對白求恩醫(yī)生說，“不要再進(jìn)行手術(shù)了。”HetoldDr.Bethunenottogoonoperatinganymore.他告訴白求恩醫(yī)生不要再進(jìn)行手術(shù)了。2）Shesaidtous,“Pleasehavearest.”她對我們說，“請歇息一下。”Sheaskedustohavearest.她請我們歇息一下。.完型填空：IthinkeveryoneshouldseeSundaysinKashgar（喀什噶爾）1leastonce.Kashgar2“thepearlontheAncientSilkRoad”.Iarrivedthereearlyinthemorning3itwasstilldark.Withthestalls（攤位）hereandthere,thestreets4.Moreandmorehorses,donkeysandsheepslowlyenteredthemarket,followed5farmersandherdsmen（牧民）.Kashgarbazaars（市場）arefamous6knives.Kashgarisalsoahat-makingcentre.Oneachsideofthestreetsweresomeblacksmiths（鐵匠）shops’.Thesoundfromthem7inthestreets.Hand-madegoodswere8sale.Ipickedsomekebabs（烤肉串）formy9.10Iwaseating,IwaswatchingsomeUighur（維吾爾族的）girlsdancing.Itwasaveryenjoyableexperience.Iwillneverforgetthetrip.（）1.A.forB.atC.onD.less（）2.A.wascalledB.calledC.wascallingD.calls（）3.A.butB.whileC.althoughD.since（）4.A.werecrowdingB.crowdedC.werecrowdedD.wascrowded（）5.A.withB.asC.overD.by（）6.A.withB.asC.overD.for（）7.A.couldbeheardB.canbeheardC.couldhearD.canhear（）8.A.forB.onC.atD.under（）9.A.dinnerB.foodC.drinkD.breakfast（）10.A.ByB.OnC.AroundD.While二.閱讀理解：WhenIleftcollege,Ibecameadoctor.ButIalwayswantedtotravel,andsoImadeseveralvoyagesasashipdoctor.AfterIgotmarried,Istayedathome.AsIcouldnotfindagoodjobinmyhometown,Idecidedtogotosea

’sagain.ThistimeIjoinedashipsailing（航行）totheislandsintheSouthPacificOcean（南太平洋）.Atfirst,everythingwentwell.WesailedacrosstheAtlantic（大西洋）,roundthecoast（海岸，沿岸）ofAfricaandintotheIndianOcean.Butoneday,astrongstormhitusandpushedourshiponarock.Theshipwasbrokenintwo.Igotonasmallboatandrowedtowardstheland.Suddenlyabigwavehitit,Ifellintotheoceanagain.Istruggled（格斗；努力）toswim,keepingmyheadabovewater.Ididn’tknowhowmanyhourshadpassedbeforemyfeettouchedland.IwassotiredthatIlaydownandfellasleep.Thenextmorning,whenIwokeup,Ifoundthatbothmyhandsandfeetwerefixedtotheground.Mylonghairwastiedtotheground,too.I?Icouldn’tmove.1.What’sthemeaningoftheword“voyage”inthepassage?A.Alongjourneyonatrain.B.Alongjourneyonaship.C.Alongjourneyonabus.D.Alongjourneyonaplane.2.Whydidhedecidetogotoseaagain?A.Becausehewantedtotravel.B.BecausehewouldgototheSouthPacificOcean.C.Becausehehadgotmarried.D.Becausehewantedtoearnmoremoney.Whatwashissailingroute（航行路）?TheSouthPacificOcean→theAtlantic→thecoastofAfrica→theIndianOcean.TheAtlantic→thecoastofAfrica→theIndianOcean→theSouthPacificOcean.ThecoastofAfrica→theIndianOcean→theSouthPacificOcean→theAtlantic.TheIndianOcean→theSouthPacificOcean→theAtlantic→thecoastofAfrica.Whatdidn’thappentotheirship?A.Astormhitit.B.Abigwavehitit.C.Theshipknockedintoarock.D.Theshipsank.5.Howdidthemangetontotheland?A.Asmallboattookhimtotheland.B.Herowedtotheland.C.Heswamtotheland.D.Hedidn’tknowhowhegottotheland.三.

合填空：TheGreatLakesalongtheborder（境）oftheUSAandCanadaarefamousandimportant.Theym1thelargestbodiesoffreshwateronourE2.Forthousandsandthousandsofyearspeoplehadlivedh3besidetheLakesuntilinthetwentiethcenturythetwoc4startedtobuildfactoriesalongtheshores.Fromthesef5cametonsandtonsofwasteintotheLakes,whichsoonp6thewater.OncetheLakeswerepollutedandtheecosystemwasmadew7,peoplewereworried.Theytriedveryhardtos8theproblemandtomakethethingsrightagain.Asaresult,theGreatLakesEnvironmentalResearchLaboratorywasb9andalotofresearchworkwasc10out.Today,peoplewholivearoundtheGreatLakehavelearnedh11importantitistokeeptheecosystemoftheGreatLakeshealthyandstrong.四.填空：1.—Who’sgoingtotakecareofthebabyduringtheholiday?—.A.It’sBarrenB.It’sBarren’sC.BarrendoesD.Barrenis2.Howmuchdidhetheapples?A.payforB.returntoC.spendforD.lookfor3.—withthefish?—I’vecookedit.A.HaveyouplayedB.WhathaveyoudoneC.IsthereanythingwrongD.Whatdidyouhave4.Heresomeeggs.Pleasehelpyourselfto.A.itB.thatC.oneD.them5.Howmanycanyouseeontheisland?A.houseB.buildingC.treeD.people6.—Mysonisintrouble.—?A.What’sthatB.WhatdoeshedoC.WhathappenedD.Whatdoeshesay7.He’staughtmathsinthisschooltwoyearsago.A.beforeB.sinceC.aboutD.after8.Inafewdaystheteacherfoundaverygoodstudent.A.hisisB.hisC.himD.he9.—CouldIspeaktoLucy,please?—Sorry,shetotheschoollibrary.A.isgoingB.hasgoneC.hasbeenD.go10.Whatacolddaywhenwestoppedatthevillage?A.wasitB.isitC.itwasD.itis11.Thegirlseachagooddrinkfromthemodernthermos.A.hasB.haveC.needsD.are12.Mr.Billwasalwaysreadytohelpothers.Hewas.A.kind-heartB.kind-hearingC.kind-heartedD.kinded-heart13.Thesunisbrighterthatintheuniverse.A.anystarB.anyastarC.alltheotherstarsD.allofstars14.Theyliketoothersfootball.A.watch?playingB.see?playedC.havealook?playD.look?toplay15.MoreandmorebuildingsinGuangzhounow.A.werebuiltB.havebuiltC.isbuiltD.arebeingbuilt16.Inwinter,whenclothesarewashed,theydon’t.A.dryeasierB.dryeasiestC.dryeasilyD.bedriedeasy17.Shewastryinghernewcoatwhensomeoneknockedatthedoor.A.outB.inC.onD.up18.ThePeople’sRepublicofChinawasonOctober1st,1949.A.foundB.foundedC.findedD.put19.ShewasheardlastSaturday.A.singB.songC.tosingingD.tosingNeitherTomnorBillandJackplantingthetreesatteno’clockyesterdaymorning.A.wereB.wasC.areD.is21.LucyiswaitingNo.233busstopherfather.A.at...forB.on?atC.for?forD.for?at22.—Mustwecleanandtidyourbedroomthis.—No,you.A.won’tB.mustn’tC.maynotD.needn’t23.IwasreadingthemagazinemysisterwaswatchingTV.A.becauseB.beforeC.whileD.after24.Theyamapoftheworldonthewalljustnow.A.hangingB.hungC.hangedD.hang25.Couldyoutellmegettothebusstop?A.howcanIB.havecouldIC.howIcouldD.howIcan五.不改變A句的意思，達(dá)成以下各句：1.RussianisnotthefirstlanguageinChina,JapanorGermany.Russianisthefirstlanguageinofcountries.2.SaltisproducedineastandsouthChina.PeopleineastandsouthChina.3.Alicepointedatastrangebird.Thethinghadthreewings.Alicepointedastrangebirdthreewings.4.EverytimewhenTommyseesthethermos,hewillliketohaveadrink.ThethermosTommyfeel.5.In1996,thenumberofthestudentsofourschoolwasmorethan2,000.In1996,thenumberofthestudentsofourschool2,000.6.Verymanyyoungpeoplefromallpartsofthecitycametothestadium.youngpeoplefromallpartsofthecitycametothestadium.7.Thebighallwasfullofemptyboxes.Thebighallwasemptyboxes.8.Theyalwaysmakefriendswitheachotherafterfight.Theyalwaysfriendsagainafterfight.9.CanIhelpyou,sir?canIdoyou,sir?10.MissRosesaidtoHill,“WillyouhaveaballnextSundayevening?”MissRoseaskedHillhehaveaballnextSundayevening?六.以下各句中的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中，有一個是錯誤的，請找出來，并加以更正：1.Itwashappenedin1996.ABCD2.Themoonhasbevisitedbymanalready.ABCD3.Thanksforcomputerswecandoproblemsquickly.ABCD4.UnderMr.Thoma’shelp,JimpassedtheFrenchexam.ABCD5.Theplaygroundinourschoolkeepscleanallthetime.ABCD6.TheGreenshavelivedinGermanforoverfifteenyears.ABCD7.Whendidyoureachatthevillage?ABCD8.Thiskindofbicyclesismadefrommetal.ABCD9.IamwatchingTVwhenmyfathergothome.ABCD10.Acarrunsslowlierthanatrain.ABCD七.將以下直接引語改為間接引語：1.Theboysaid,“Iamonlyeightyearsold.”2.Shesaid,“Therearenolightsintheroom.”3.Theboysaid,“Isawthetracksofalostcamel.”4.Theteachersaid,“Tomisagoodstudent.”5.Theysaid,“Wewillnevergivein.”6.Themanaskedme,“Areyouafraid?”7.ThegirlsaidtoJohn,“Isyourdeskmateright?”8.Heaskedme,“Haveyoureadtoday’spaper?”9.Hesaidtome,“Didyouliketoplayfootball?”10.Johnsaid,“DidMarypasstheexamlastweek?”11.YuYingasked,“Whohastakenmyumbrella?”12.Theteacherasked,“Whydoeshehavesomanystrangequestions?”13.Sheasked,“Whenwilltheystartbuildingaphysicslab?”14.Heaskedme,“Wheredidyouspendyourholidaysthisyear?”15.ThetwomenaskedtheArab,“Whathaveyoudonewithourgoods?”16.Mothersaid,“Washyourhandsbeforemeals.”17.LiHongsaidtoher,“Pleasetellmewhathappened.”18.Wangsaid,“Don’tkeepmewaitingforalongtime,LiHua.”19.Hismothersaidtohim,“Don’tplaywithfire.”Hesaidtous,“Getoutofmyway.”參照答案.1—5BABCD