2022年考研考博-考博英語(yǔ)-四川師范大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）試卷號(hào)6

住在富人區(qū)的她2022年考研考博-考博英語(yǔ)-四川師范大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）（圖片可根據(jù)實(shí)際調(diào)整大?。╊}型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.單選題

Much______IlikedMary,Ihatedthesuperiortonethatshesometimestookwithme.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.while

B.as

C.since

D.for

【答案】B

【解析】考查讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。句意：我雖然很喜歡安東妮亞，但也很討厭有時(shí)她對(duì)我的傲慢態(tài)度。由此可知空格處應(yīng)填表讓步的詞，排除C選項(xiàng)和D選項(xiàng)。A選項(xiàng)while引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，while相當(dāng)于though／although，則該句語(yǔ)序應(yīng)為：WhileIlikeMaryverymuch...，不符合題意，故排除A選項(xiàng)。B選項(xiàng)as引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，句子要求用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，此時(shí)的as相當(dāng)于though，但比though引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句語(yǔ)意更強(qiáng)烈，表現(xiàn)力更強(qiáng)。句子結(jié)構(gòu)為：副詞或動(dòng)詞原形＋as＋主語(yǔ)……，＋主句。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

2.單選題

Thedetectiveandhisassistanthavebegunto______themysteriousmurder.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.comethrough

B.lookinto

C.makeover

D.seeto

【答案】B

【解析】考查短語(yǔ)辨析。A選項(xiàng)comethrough“經(jīng)歷；安然度過；獲得成功”；B選項(xiàng)lookinto“調(diào)查；觀察；窺視；瀏覽；看”；C選項(xiàng)makeover“轉(zhuǎn)讓；移交；修改”；D選項(xiàng)seeto“注意；負(fù)責(zé)；照料”。句意：偵探和他的助手已經(jīng)開始調(diào)查那宗神秘的謀殺案。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

3.單選題

Inearly19thcenturyAmerica,mentalasylumswerebuiltinruralareastoremovepatientsfromtheirhomeenvironmentandtoprovidefreshairinabucolicsetting.Patientswereofferedexercise,work,education,andreligiousinstruction.Theheadsoftheseinstitutions,called“alienists”,didnotusuallydispensedrugs,butstressedhealthy,cleanlivingandpromotedtheviewthattheinsanewerenotmonstersbutrather“unfortunatefellowbeings.”Focusingonsocietalcauses,alienistsbelievedmentalhealthproblemscouldbeavoided,especiallyintheyoung:children’sbrainsweresofter,vulnerable,andmorepronetoinfluence.

AftertheCivilWar,faithin“moraltreatment”declinedbecausethecurabilityratehadbeenoverestimated,thecostoffacilitieswashigh,thegovernmentcurtailedfunds,andthepublicbecamedisillusionedwith“experts”andtheirfailedpromises.Repeatedfailuresalsofrustratedpractitionerswhorespondedwithanincreaseduseofphysicalrestraint.Aninfluxofimmigrantscausedovercrowdingandalossoffee-payingprivatepatients.Asthemedicalfieldwasslowtobecomeinterestedinthecareofthementallyill,therewasalackoftrainedpersonnel.Theoriginal,moreidealisticpractitionersweregone,andnewmanagers,manyofwhomwerepoliticalappointees,werelessinspiredandqualified.Theybecameself-protectiveandisolatedfromthepublic,andconsidered“moraltreatment”tobefanaticalanddangerous.

Between1850and1880,viewpointsrevertedbacktopre-asylumassessments,withtheaddedelementofheredity:mentalillnessresultedfromaweakfamilyandvicecommittedbyancestors.InfluencedbySocialDarwinism,practitionersbelievedmentalillnesscouldbeeliminatedthrougheugenics,andthetendencywastoclassifyailmentsratherthaninvestigatethroughobservation.Drugssuchaschloroform,bromides,andetherwereincreasinglyusedtosubduepatients.

Eventually,neurologistsformedtwocamps:thosewhofocusedonsomaticcases,andthosewhoembracedpsychologicaltheoriesasmedicallyrespectable.Toremovethechronicallyillfromovercrowdedasylumsandinageneralefforttopromotenon-restraint,alternativecarefacilitiessuchasthetenttreatment,thefreeairsystem,andthecottagesystemwereattemptedinthelatterpartofthecentury.Inspiteofsuchreformefforts,thedominanceofSocialDarwinismcondemnedthechronicallyillasgeneticallyinferior.ItwasnotuntilthefinalyearsofthecenturythatSigmundFreud’stheoriesabouttheunconsciouscreptintotheprofessionalarena.

1.Itcanbeinferredfromparagraph1thatanadditionalreasonforbuildingmentalasylumsinruralareaswas______.

2.Accordingtothepassage,onereasonforthedeclineinuseofmoraltreatmentaftertheCivilWarwas______.

3.Theunderlineword“whom”inParagraph2refersto______.

4.ThementionofdrugsinParagraph3isanexampleof______.

5.Accordingtothepassage,onereasonthecottagesystemdevelopedtowardtheendofthecentury,wasinattemptto______.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.tostoppatientsfrominfectinghealthypeople

B.becausemostpeopledidn’twanttobelivingnearthem

C.becausethelandwascheaper

D.togivepatientsbetterworkopportunities

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.thatthegovernmentmadelessmoneyavailable

B.thatitlostfavorwiththemedicalprofession

C.duetoovercrowding

D.inresponsetoithavingended

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.originalmoreidealisticpractitioners

B.newmanagers

C.politicalappointees

D.lessinspiredandqualified

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.thereturntopre-asylumdays

B.theinfluenceofthedevelopingmedicalprofession

C.aneffectivemeansoftreatment

D.thealternativetopsychologicaltreatment

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.applyFreudianpsychologicaltheories

B.provideamoresecurecustodialsystem

C.alleviateovercrowding

D.pleaseallneurologists

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:C

【解析】1.判斷推理題。根據(jù)文章第一段Theheadsoftheseinstitutions,called“alienists”,didnotusuallydispensedrugs,butstressedhealthy,cleanlivingandpromotedtheviewthattheinsanewerenotmonstersbutrather“unfortunatefellowbeings”.（這些機(jī)構(gòu)的負(fù)責(zé)人被稱為“精神病醫(yī)生”，他們通常不分發(fā)藥物，但強(qiáng)調(diào)健康、清潔的生活方式，并提倡這樣的觀點(diǎn)，即精神病患者不是怪物，而是“不幸的人”）可推斷出精神病院建立在農(nóng)村地區(qū)的一個(gè)很有可能的原因是很多人把精神病人當(dāng)怪物，從而不愿意居住在他們附近，所以B選項(xiàng)“因?yàn)榇蠖鄶?shù)人不想住在他們附近”符合題意。A選項(xiàng)“阻止病人感染健康的人”；C選項(xiàng)“因?yàn)橥恋馗阋恕币约癉選項(xiàng)“給病人更好的工作機(jī)會(huì)”文章沒有提及，因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章第二段AftertheCivilWar,faithin“moraltreatment”declinedbecausethecurabilityratehadbeenoverestimated,thecostoffacilitieswashigh,thegovernmentcurtailedfunds,andthepublicbecamedisillusionedwith“experts”andtheirfailedpromises.（內(nèi)戰(zhàn)之后，由于治愈率被高估，醫(yī)療設(shè)施的成本過高，政府削減資金，公眾對(duì)“專家”和他們失敗的承諾大失所望，對(duì)“道德治療”的信心下降了），由此可知在內(nèi)戰(zhàn)后道德治療使用減少的一個(gè)原因是政府資金不足，所以A選項(xiàng)“政府資金不足”符合題意。B選項(xiàng)“它失去了醫(yī)學(xué)界的青睞”；C選項(xiàng)“由于過度擁擠”；D選項(xiàng)“對(duì)它的響應(yīng)已經(jīng)結(jié)束”說法錯(cuò)誤。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

3.語(yǔ)義推測(cè)題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章第二段“Theoriginal,moreidealisticpractitionersweregone,andnewmanagers,manyofwhomwerepoliticalappointees,werelessinspiredandqualified.最初的、更理想主義的實(shí)踐者消失了，新的管理者（其中許多是政治任命的）缺乏靈感和資格”，由此可知句中的whom指的就是newmanagers。A選項(xiàng)“最初的、更理想主義的實(shí)踐者”；C選項(xiàng)“政治任命者”以及D選項(xiàng)“缺乏靈感和資格者”都不符合題意。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

4.判斷推理題。文章提到“InfluencedbySocialDarwinism,practitionersbelievedmentalillnesscouldbeeliminatedthrougheugenics,andthetendencywastoclassifyailmentsratherthaninvestigatethroughobservation.Drugssuchaschloroform,bromides,andetherwereincreasinglyusedtosubduepatients.（受社會(huì)達(dá)爾文主義的影響，醫(yī)生們相信精神疾病可以通過優(yōu)生學(xué)消除，而且傾向于對(duì)疾病進(jìn)行分類，而不是通過觀察進(jìn)行調(diào)查。氯仿、溴化物和乙醚等藥物被越來越多地用于制服病人。）”，由此可知這些藥物的使用對(duì)治療精神疾病有效果，所以C選項(xiàng)“有效的治療手段”正確。A選項(xiàng)“回到未進(jìn)入收容所前的日子”；B選項(xiàng)“醫(yī)療職業(yè)發(fā)展的影響”；D選項(xiàng)“代替心理治療”均不符合題意，因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)最后一段“Toremovethechronicallyillfromovercrowdedasylumsandinageneralefforttopromotenon-restraint,alternativecarefacilitiessuchasthetenttreatment,thefreeairsystem,andthecottagesystemwereattemptedinthelatterpartofthecentury.（為了將慢性病患者從過度擁擠的收容所中移走，并在普遍努力促進(jìn)不受限制的情況下，在本世紀(jì)下半葉嘗試了諸如帳篷治療、免費(fèi)空氣系統(tǒng)和農(nóng)舍系統(tǒng)等替代護(hù)理設(shè)施。）”可知村舍制度發(fā)展到本世紀(jì)末的一個(gè)原因是為了緩解過度擁擠，所以C選項(xiàng)“緩解過度擁擠”符合題意。A選項(xiàng)“運(yùn)用弗洛伊德心理學(xué)理論”與題干無關(guān)；B選項(xiàng)“提供一個(gè)更安全的保管系統(tǒng)”文章沒有提到；D選項(xiàng)“迎合所有神經(jīng)科醫(yī)生”文章沒有提到。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

4.單選題

Brunner’s______tobecomethesecondwomanevertoholdCabinetrankwasscuttledbytheoverwhelminglymaleparliament,apparentlybecauseofsexualpolitics.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.bet

B.hit

C.bid

D.bat

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)bet“打賭；與（某人）以錢打賭；（非正式）敢說”；B選項(xiàng)hit“打擊；襲擊；碰撞；偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)；傷……的感情”；C選項(xiàng)bid“出價(jià)；叫牌；向……表示問候；（詩(shī)、文）命令；邀請(qǐng)；努力爭(zhēng)取，企圖獲得；告訴，吩咐”；D選項(xiàng)bat“用球棒擊球；擊球率達(dá)……；輪到擊球”。句意：布倫納想成為史上第二位女性內(nèi)閣成員的努力被男性占多數(shù)的議會(huì)挫敗，顯然是因?yàn)樾哉巍Ｒ虼薈選項(xiàng)正確。

5.單選題

Thereisanoldsayingthatyoucannever______unlessyougiveyourconsent.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.beinsulted

B.insult

C.insulting

D.toinsult

【答案】A

【解析】考查被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。該句同位語(yǔ)從句中的主語(yǔ)“you”是動(dòng)作“insult”的承受者，因此應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，又謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，被動(dòng)形式應(yīng)為“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+bedone”。句意：有句老話說，除非你同意，否則你永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)被侮辱。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

6.單選題

What______supposewouldhappenifthedirectorknewyoufeltthatway?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.willyou

B.doyou

C.wouldyou

D.youwould

【答案】B

【解析】考查語(yǔ)序。在該句子中，doyousuppose相當(dāng)于一個(gè)插入語(yǔ)，Whatwouldhappenifthe...才是一個(gè)整體，做全句的賓語(yǔ)從句。類似的表達(dá)還有doyouthink等。句意：你猜想看看，如果主管知道你那樣想之后會(huì)發(fā)生什么事。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

7.單選題

Onestudentafteranother______uptoanswertheteacher’squestions.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.stand

B.stands

C.standing

D.tostand

【答案】B

【解析】考查謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式。以“one...afteranother”做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用第三人稱單數(shù)。句意：學(xué)生一個(gè)接一個(gè)地站起來回答老師的問題。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

8.單選題

A(n)______ofemploymentopportunities_____prospectiveemployeesenteringthejobmarket.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.excess;impedes

B.surfeit;hinder

C.lack;inspires

D.dearth;discourages

【答案】D

【解析】考查詞匯辨析。A選項(xiàng)excess“超過，超額；過度，過量；無節(jié)制”；impede“阻礙；妨礙；阻止”；B選項(xiàng)surfeit“過度；飲食過度；惡心（由于飲食過度所引起）”；hinder“成為阻礙；阻礙；打擾”；C選項(xiàng)lack“缺乏，不足”；inspire“激發(fā)；鼓舞；啟示；產(chǎn)生；使生靈感”；D選項(xiàng)dearth“缺乏；饑饉；糧食不足”，較lack更正式；discourage“阻止；使氣餒”。句意：就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)的缺乏阻礙了未來的雇員進(jìn)入就業(yè)市場(chǎng)。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

9.單選題

Depressed,overworkedand______bythosepeoplewhomheowedmoneyto,hedecidedtoputanendtohisproblems.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.bewitched

B.bewildered

C.besmirched

D.beset

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)bewitched“（使）鬼迷心竅；（使）著迷，陶醉”；B選項(xiàng)bewildered“使迷惑，使不知所措”；C選項(xiàng)besmirched“弄臟；誹謗，玷污”；D選項(xiàng)beset“困擾；鑲嵌；圍繞”。句意：他情緒低落，工作過度，被那些欠他錢的人所困擾，他決定做個(gè)了結(jié)。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

10.單選題

ThesunfrizzledthegrassesandblazedontherocksofKasauli.Allwaseither______orblackenedbyheatandglare.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.quenched

B.breached

C.bleached

D.white

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)quenched“熄滅，淬火；解渴；結(jié)束；冷浸；平息”；B選項(xiàng)breach“違反，破壞；打破”；C選項(xiàng)bleached“漂白，曬白；（使）變成淡色；（使）失去活力；（使）失去實(shí)質(zhì)內(nèi)容；用漂白劑給……清洗，消毒”；D選項(xiàng)white“使變白，把……涂白”。句意：陽(yáng)光使青草卷曲，在卡索利的巖石上發(fā)出耀眼的光芒。所有的東西都被熱得失去活力或被強(qiáng)光變黑了。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

11.單選題

LuisFigueroalivesdownthestreetfromUCMerced,thenewestcampusintheUniversityofCaliforniasystem.Soit’snotsurprisingthatthe21yearsoldstudiesfromthecomfortofhisownhome.Buthe’snotenrolledatMerced:fromhisliving-roomcomputer,Figueroaisearninghisbachelor’sdegreeinbusinessadministrationatColumbiaCollegeinMissouri,some2,000milesaway.At$630percourse—about$1,800persemester—hisonlinedegreewillcostfarlessthanevenin-statetuitionatUC.Notonlythat,Figueroaisabletocontinueworkingfulltimeinamanagement-trainingjobwithAT&TinMerced,ajobhefeelsluckytohaveinthecurrenteconomicclimate.“OnceIrealizedIhadtimeconstraints,Iknewthetraditionalclassroomwouldn’twork,”hesays.“Coursesonlineareopen24hoursaday,andI’mabletogothereanytimeIwant.”

Thatconvenienceisoneofthemainreasonsnearly4millionAmericanstudentstookatleastoneonlinecourseinthe2007-2008schoolyear,accordingtoastudybytheSloanFoundation.Thesamestudyfoundthatonlineenrollmentisgrowingataratemorethan10timesthatofthehigher-educationpopulationatlarge—12.9percentvs.1.2percentfortraditionalinseatstudents.NowhereisthegrowthfasterthanamongyoungerstudentslikeFigueroawhoareoptingforonlinelearning,evenwhenthetraditionalclassroomis—inhiscase—rightoutsidethefrontdoor.“Thisisagenerationthatlivesonline,”saysVickyPhillips,founderandCEOofG,aservicethatranksonlinelearninginstitutions.“Everythingisinstant,accelerated,andaccessible,andtheyexpecttheireducationtobethatwaytoo.Forthemthereisnoclearlinebetweenthevirtualworldandtheactualworld.”

Oncetargetedatolder,workingadults,distancelearninghasmovedintotheeducationmainstreamatstunningspeedoverthepastcoupleofyears,astechnologyallowsever-richer,more-interactivelearningexperienceonline—andascollegecostscontinuetoriseandclassroomsarepackedtocapacity.Fortraditionalbrick-and-mortarinstitutions,thathasmeantascrambletoenteralucrativemarketthatusedtobetheexclusiveterritoryoffor-profitinstitutionssuchastheUniversityofPhoenixandKaplanUniversity.Establishedbrand-nameeducators—includingStanford,Cornell,PennState,andMIT,whichhasplaceditsentirecurriculumonlinethroughitsOpenCoursewareprogram—nowofferextensiveonlinelearningoptionsandarecompetingwiththefor-profitsforstudents.“Thestigmaisgone,”saysPhillips.“Onlinelearninghasreachedmassculturalacceptance.It’snolongertheuglystepsisterofthehigher-educationworld.”

Onlineofferingsthesedayscansometimesevensurpasstheclassroomexperience.AaronWalsh,aprofessoratBostonCollegeandaformervideogamedesigner,haspioneeredImmersiveEducation,amethodofteachingthroughvirtualworlds.MeetinginSecondLifeinsteadofaphysicalclassroom,saysWalsh,allowsforsomefeatsthatgravityrendersimpossible,likehavingart-historystudentsflytotheceilingoftheSistineChapelorbiologymajorstotakeaMagicSchoolbus-liketripthroughthehumanbody.Usingvideos,podcasts,livechats,Webcams,andwikis,educatorsincreasinglyseeonlinelearningasawaytoengagethevideogamegenerationwithpedagogythatfeelsmorelikeentertainmentthandrudgery.Studentsinthenewhomeland-securitymaster’sdegreeprogramattheUniversityofConnecticutthisfall,forexample,willhavecourseworkthatresemblesGrandTheftAuto:dwellinginacyber-citycalledSanLuisReyplaguedwithsuicidebombers,biochemicalattacks,andotherdisasters.AtArizonaState,studentsinanIntroductiontoParentingclassraisea“virtualchild”.Theyhavetoposttheprogressoftheironlinechargethroughallthephasesofchildhood.“Theclassesaresomuchmoreinteractive,andIcanlogonwhenI’mmostreadytolearn,”saysJaquelynHolleran,ajuniormajoringinfamilyandhumandevelopmentatASU.“Ilikethatsomuchbetterthanhavingtorushtoclassorsitthroughalecturethat’sboring.”

Asthelargestgenerationsincethebabyboomattendscollegeatatimeofshrinkingbudgetsandsoaringcosts,manyeducatorsbelievethatonlinelearningholdsthegreatestpromiseforexpandingthecapacityoftheU.S.higher-educationsystem.AnddigitalclassroomswillsurelyplayanimportantroleinhelpingtheObamaadministrationpursueitsgoalofraisingthepercentageofcollegegraduatesintheU.S.tofirstintheworldby2020(atleast10othercountriesnowstandintheway).Thesurgeinstudentswithjobsandfamilies,andthoseinthemilitary,hasalsocausedonlineenrollmentstosoar.SarahGerke,anArmyprivatestationedinIraq,keepsupwithhercourseworkatColumbiaCollegeinMissouri,despitetheoccasionalbombing.“EvenifIcouldattendinperson,”shewritesinane-mailfromCampLiberty,“IthinkIwouldstickwithonlineclassesfortheconvenience.”

ForpublicinstitutionssuchastheUniversityofMichiganandtheUniversityofMassachusetts,onlinelearningnotonlyextendstheirbrand,it’sacost-effectivewaytoservemorestudents.AtUMassOnline,enrollmentamongstudentsundertheageof25hasincreased91percentoverthepastthreeyears.AtThomasEdisonStateCollegeinTrenton,N.J.,thatgrowthrateoverthesameperiodismorethan100percent.“Thebestwaytolowerthecostofhighereducationistograduateontime,”saysUMasspresidentJackWilson.“Moreandmoreweseestudentsusingonlinelearningasanaccelerator,awaytomovemorequicklythroughtheirundergraduateprogram.”

1.ThestudybytheSloanFoundationshowsthat______.

2.AccordingtoPhilips,whatwastheattitudeofpeopletowardsonlinelearning?

3.ByImmersiveEducationmethod,studentscan______.

4.IfyoutakeacourseatUMassOnline,______.

5.Comparedwiththetraditionalform,onlineeducationhasalltheadvantagesEXCEPT______.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.about4millionAmericanstudentstookonlinecoursesinthe2007-2008schoolyear

B.theonlineenrollmentisgrowingatarateofmorethan10timesperyear

C.theratiooftraditionalinseatandonlineenrollmentgrowthrateis12.9to1.2

D.thebiggestreasonthatsomanypeopletakeonlinecoursesisitsconvenience

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.It’saconvenientwayoflearning.

B.It’sacost-effectivewayoflearning.

C.It’sabad-reputedwayoflearning.

D.It’sanexcellentwayoflearning.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.enjoysomefeatsinphysicalclassroomthatgravityrendersimpossible

B.gotoacityplaguedwithsuicidebombers,biochemicalattacksandsoon

C.learnhowtobeaparentbyraisinganadoptedchildthroughInternet

D.haveasimulatedtripthroughthehumanbodyinfrontofacomputer

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.you’llgetaspecialdegreedifferentfromcampus-goingcounterparts’

B.youcanspendashortertimetogetadegreethangoingtocampus

C.you’llreceivehigherstandardizedcurriculathantraditionaleducation

D.youcanacceptclasscounselingfromteachersatanytimeyouwant

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.onlinedegreecostsalotlessthanin-classeducation

B.onlineeducationhasmanyconveniences

C.onlineeducationisfarmoreinterestingthantraditionalformofeducation

D.onlineeducationprovidescolorfulactivitieswhichgreatlyenhancesociallife

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章第二段“Thatconvenienceisoneofthemainreasonsnearly4millionAmericanstudentstookatleastoneonlinecourseinthe2007-2008schoolyear,accordingtoastudybytheSloanFoundation.（根據(jù)斯隆基金會(huì)的一項(xiàng)研究，這種便利性是2007-2008學(xué)年近400萬(wàn)美國(guó)學(xué)生至少選修一門在線課程的主要原因之一。）”，由此可知該項(xiàng)研究主要說明了線上學(xué)習(xí)的便捷性，因此D選項(xiàng)“很多人選擇在線課程的最大原因是它的方便”符合題意。A選項(xiàng)“在2007-2008學(xué)年，大約有400萬(wàn)美國(guó)學(xué)生參加了在線課程”、B選項(xiàng)“網(wǎng)上報(bào)名正以每年10倍以上的速度增長(zhǎng)”以及C選項(xiàng)“傳統(tǒng)的座位上課方式和網(wǎng)上招生增長(zhǎng)率之比為12.9:1.2”說法都正確，但都是該研究的內(nèi)容，其主要目的還是說明線上課程的便捷性，因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

2.判斷推理題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句“Thestigmaisgone…Onlinelearninghasreachedmassculturalacceptance.It’snolongertheuglystepsisterofthehigher-educationworld.（壞名聲的時(shí)代已經(jīng)過去了。在線學(xué)習(xí)已為大眾文化所接受。它再也不是高等教育世界里丑陋的后來者了?！笨赏茢喑?，以前人們認(rèn)為在線學(xué)習(xí)是不可取的，C選項(xiàng)“這是一種普遍認(rèn)為很差的學(xué)習(xí)方法”符合題意。A選項(xiàng)“這是一種方便的學(xué)習(xí)方式”；B選項(xiàng)“這是一種經(jīng)濟(jì)有效的學(xué)習(xí)方式”；D選項(xiàng)“這是一種很好的學(xué)習(xí)方式”都與題干不符，因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

3.判斷推理題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章第四段“AaronWalsh,aprofessoratBostonCollegeandaformervideogamedesigner,haspioneeredImmersiveEducation,amethodofteachingthroughvirtualworlds.（波士頓學(xué)院教授、前電子游戲設(shè)計(jì)師亞倫?沃爾什首創(chuàng)了沉浸式教育，這是一種通過虛擬世界進(jìn)行教學(xué)的方法。）”，下文舉例進(jìn)行說明，其中提到“l(fā)ikehavingart-historystudentsflytotheceilingoftheSistineChapelorbiologymajorstotakeaMagicSchoolbus-liketripthroughthehumanbody.（比如讓藝術(shù)史學(xué)生飛到西斯廷教堂的天花板上，或者讓生物專業(yè)的學(xué)生乘坐魔法學(xué)校的巴士進(jìn)行人體內(nèi)的旅行。）”，由此可推斷出D選項(xiàng)“在電腦前模擬人體旅行”符合浸入式教育的虛擬環(huán)境，所以正確。A選項(xiàng)“在物理教室里享受一些重力使其不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的壯舉”；B選項(xiàng)“去一個(gè)有自殺式炸彈襲擊，生化攻擊等的城市”以及C選項(xiàng)“通過互聯(lián)網(wǎng)學(xué)習(xí)如何撫養(yǎng)一個(gè)被收養(yǎng)的孩子”都不符合浸入式教育的虛擬環(huán)境條件，因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章最后一段“Moreandmoreweseestudentsusingonlinelearningasanaccelerator,awaytomovemorequicklythroughtheirundergraduateprogram.（我們?cè)絹碓蕉嗟乜吹綄W(xué)生將在線學(xué)習(xí)作為一種加速器，一種更快地完成本科課程的方式。）”，由此可知在麻省大學(xué)，學(xué)生可以通過線上學(xué)習(xí)提前完成自己的本科學(xué)業(yè)，因此B選項(xiàng)“你可以花比去校園更短的時(shí)間獲得學(xué)位”符合題意。A選項(xiàng)“你將獲得一個(gè)不同于在校同學(xué)的特殊學(xué)位”；C選項(xiàng)“你將接受比傳統(tǒng)教育更高的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化課程”；D選項(xiàng)“你可以隨時(shí)接受老師的輔導(dǎo)”都與原文內(nèi)容不符，因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

5.判斷推理題。根據(jù)第一段“At$630percourse—about$1,800persemester—hisonlinedegreewillcostfarlessthanevenin-statetuitionatUC.（每門課程630美元——大約每學(xué)期1800美元——他的在線學(xué)位甚至比加州大學(xué)的州內(nèi)學(xué)費(fèi)還要便宜得多。）”可知A選項(xiàng)“在線學(xué)位的花費(fèi)比課堂教育要少得多”正確；根據(jù)第二段“Thatconvenienceisoneofthemainreasonsnearly4millionAmericanstudentstookatleastoneonlinecourseinthe2007-2008schoolyear,accordingtoastudybytheSloanFoundation.（根據(jù)斯隆基金會(huì)的一項(xiàng)研究，這種便利性是2007-2008學(xué)年近400萬(wàn)美國(guó)學(xué)生至少選修一門在線課程的主要原因之一。）”可知B選項(xiàng)“在線教育有很多便利”正確；根據(jù)文章第四段“AaronWalsh,aprofessoratBostonCollegeandaformervideogamedesigner,haspioneeredImmersiveEducation,amethodofteachingthroughvirtualworlds.（波士頓學(xué)院教授、前電子游戲設(shè)計(jì)師亞倫?沃爾什首創(chuàng)了沉浸式教育，這是一種通過虛擬世界進(jìn)行教學(xué)的方法。）”可知C選項(xiàng)“在線教育比傳統(tǒng)教育形式更有趣”正確；D選項(xiàng)“在線教育提供了豐富多彩的活動(dòng)，極大地提高了社會(huì)生活”文章沒有提到，因此該題應(yīng)選D選項(xiàng)。

12.單選題

______,forwhommanyyoungmenarecrazy.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Herethemoviestarcomes

B.Herecomesthemoviestar

C.Themoviestarcomeshere

D.Comesherethemoviestar

【答案】B

【解析】考查定語(yǔ)從句。本題主要考查“介詞+which/whom”引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句。當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞充當(dāng)定語(yǔ)從句中的某一介詞賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，通常把介詞提前，用“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”來引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。介詞前置時(shí)，whom指人，which指物。本題用的是whom，因此先行詞應(yīng)是前面的moviestar，因此moviestar必須作為前半句的賓語(yǔ)來承接后面的從句，故排除A選項(xiàng)、C選項(xiàng)，B選項(xiàng)Herecomes...，看見某人、某物正朝自己這邊來時(shí)用該句。此句語(yǔ)序是倒裝，“come”應(yīng)與其后面的名詞保持主謂一致，有時(shí)名詞也可以放在“come”前面。D選項(xiàng)Comeshere意為“來這里”，為祈使句，根據(jù)句意：電影明星來了，許多年輕人為他瘋狂?？芍狟選項(xiàng)正確。

13.單選題

Partiestoajointventureshallapplyforarbitration______therelevantwrittenagreement.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.incaseof

B.inharmonywith

C.inaccordancewith

D.initself

【答案】C

【解析】考查短語(yǔ)辨析。A選項(xiàng)incaseof“萬(wàn)一；如果發(fā)生；假設(shè)”；B選項(xiàng)inharmonywith“和諧；協(xié)調(diào)一致；協(xié)調(diào)；與……相配”；C選項(xiàng)inaccordancewith“根據(jù)；按照；依照”；D選項(xiàng)initself“以其本身而言，本質(zhì)上”。句意：合營(yíng)各方應(yīng)根據(jù)有關(guān)書面協(xié)議申請(qǐng)仲裁。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

14.單選題

Thereisanewtypeofsmalladvertisementbecomingincreasinglycommoninnewspaperclassifiedcolumns.Itissometimesplacedamong“situationsvacant”,althoughitdoesnotofferanyoneajob,andsometimesitappearsamong“situationswanted”,althoughitisnotplacedbysomeonelookingforajob,either.Whatitdoesistoofferhelpinapplyingforajob.

“Contactusbeforewritingyourapplication”,or“Makeuseofourlongexperienceinpreparingyourcurriculumvitaeorjobhistory”,ishowitisusuallyexpressed.Thegrowthandapparentsuccessofsuchaspecializedserviceis,ofcourse,areflectiononthecurrenthighlevelsofunemployment.Itisalsoanindicationofthegrowingimportanceofthecurriculumvitae(orjobhistory),withthesuggestionthatitmaynowqualifyasanartforminitsownright.

Therewasatimewhenjobseekerssimplywrotelettersofapplication.“Justputdownyourname,address,ageandwhetheryouhavepassedanyexams”,wasabouttheaveragelevelofadviceofferedtoyoungpeopleapplyingfortheirfirstjobswhenIleftschool.Theletterwasreallyjustforopeners,itwasexplained,andeverythingelsecouldandshouldbesavedfortheinterview.Andinthosedaysoffullemploymentthetechniqueworked.Theletterprovedthatyoucouldwriteandwereavailableforwork.Youreagerfaceandintelligentrepliesdidtherest.

Later,asyoumoveduptheladder,somethingslightlymoresophisticatedwascalledfor.Theadvicethenwastoputsomethingintheletterwhichwoulddistinguishyoufromtherest.Itmightbetheaggressiveapproach.“Yoursearchisover.Iamthepersonyouarelookingfor”,wasawidelyusedtrickthatoccasionallysucceeded.Oritmightbesomespecialfeaturespeciallydesignedforthejobinterview.

Thereisnodoubt,however,thatitisincreasingnumberofapplicantswithuniversityeducationatallpointsintheprocessofengagingstaffthathasledtothegreaterimportanceofthecurriculumvitae.

1.Thenewtypeofadvertisementwhichisappearinginnewspapercolumns______.

2.Nowadaysademandforthisspecializedtypeofservicehasbeencreatedbecause______.

3.Inthepastitwasexpectedthatfirstjobhunterswould______.

4.Later,asonewentontoapplyformoreimportantjobs,onewasadvisedtoincludeintheletter______.

5.Thecurriculumvitaehasbecomesuchanimportantdocumentbecause______.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.informsjobhuntersoftheopportunitiesavailable

B.promisestoofferusefuladvicetothoselookingforemployment

C.dividesavailablejobsintovarioustypes

D.informsemployersofthepeopleavailableforwork

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.thereisalackofjobsavailableforartisticpeople

B.therearesomanytopleveljobsavailable

C.therearesomanypeopleoutofwork

D.thejobhistoryisconsideredtobeaworkofart

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.writeaninitiallettergivingtheirlifehistory

B.passsomeexamsbeforeapplyingforajob

C.havenoqualificationsotherthanbeingabletoreadandwrite

D.keepanydetailedinformationuntiltheyobtainedaninterview

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.somethingthatwoulddistinguishonefromotherapplicants

B.hintedinformationaboutthepersonalityoftheapplicant

C.one’sadvantagesoverothersinapplyingforthejob

D.anoccasionaltrickwiththeaggressiveapproach

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.therehasbeenanincreaseinthenumberofjobsadvertised

B.therehasbeenanincreaseinthenumberofapplicantswithdegrees

C.jobsarebecomingmuchmorecomplicatednowadays

D.theotherprocessesofapplyingforjobsaremorecomplicated

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章第一段最后一句“Whatitdoesistoofferhelpinapplyingforajob.（它的作用是在求職時(shí)提供幫助。）”由此可知這種新型廣告主要是給那些找工作的人提供有用的信息，所以B選項(xiàng)“承諾給那些找工作的人提供有用的信息”說法正確。A選項(xiàng)“給求職者提供工作機(jī)會(huì)”；C選項(xiàng)“將現(xiàn)有的工作分為不同類型”；D選項(xiàng)“通知雇主可以工作的人”都與文章事實(shí)不符，因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章第二段“Thegrowthandapparentsuccessofsuchaspecializedserviceis,ofcourse,areflectiononthecurrenthighlevelsofunemployment.Itisalsoanindicationofthegrowingimportanceofthecurriculumvitae(orjobhistory),withthesuggestionthatitmaynowqualifyasanartforminitsownright.當(dāng)然，這種專門服務(wù)的增長(zhǎng)和明顯的成功反映了目前的高失業(yè)率。這也表明了簡(jiǎn)歷（或工作經(jīng)歷）越來越重要，因?yàn)樗旧砭涂梢苑Q得上是一種藝術(shù)形式”。由此可知對(duì)這種特殊類型的服務(wù)需求增多是因?yàn)槭I(yè)人數(shù)的原因，所以C選項(xiàng)“有很多人失業(yè)”說法正確。A選項(xiàng)“藝術(shù)工作者缺少工作機(jī)會(huì)”；B選項(xiàng)“頂級(jí)工作數(shù)量增多”與文章事實(shí)不符；D選項(xiàng)“工作經(jīng)歷被認(rèn)為是一件藝術(shù)品”文章雖然有提到，但不是這種特殊類型的服務(wù)需求增多的原因。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

3.判斷推理題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章第三段“Therewasatimewhenjobseekerssimplywrotelettersofapplication.‘Justputdownyourname,address,ageandwhetheryouhavepassedanyexams’,wasabouttheaveragelevelofadviceofferedtoyoungpeopleapplyingfortheirfirstjobswhenIleftschool.Theletterwasreallyjustforopeners,itwasexplained,andeverythingelsecouldandshouldbesavedfortheinterview.”（曾經(jīng)有一段時(shí)間，求職者只寫求職信。“請(qǐng)寫下您的姓名、地址、年齡和是否通過了考試”，這是我離開學(xué)校時(shí)給申請(qǐng)第一份工作的年輕人提供的平均建議。他們解釋說，這封信實(shí)際上只是開個(gè)玩笑，其他一切都可以而且應(yīng)該留到面試時(shí)再寫）。由此可知在過去求職者會(huì)在求職信上面寫下詳細(xì)信息直到他們獲得面試，所以D選項(xiàng)“保留任何詳細(xì)的信息直到他們獲得面試”說法正確。A選項(xiàng)“寫一封說明他們生活歷史的信件”文章沒有提到；B選項(xiàng)“在申請(qǐng)工作之前通過一些考試”文章只提到在求職信上寫上自己是否通過了考試，并沒有提到求職者必須通過考試，故不選；C選項(xiàng)“除了能讀和寫之外沒有別的資格”說法錯(cuò)誤，文章提到Andinthosedaysoffullemploymentthetechniqueworked.Theletterprovedthatyoucouldwriteandwereavailableforwork.Youreagerfaceandintelligentrepliesdidtherest.在那些充分就業(yè)的日子里，這種方法是有效的。這封信證明你能寫，也能去工作。你急切的表情和機(jī)智的回答將會(huì)完成面試的剩下部分。由此只會(huì)讀和寫并不能幫助你獲得工作，面試中的表現(xiàn)也很重要。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

4.判斷推理題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章倒數(shù)第二段“Later,asyoumoveduptheladder,somethingslightlymoresophisticatedwascalledfor.Theadvicethenwastoputsomethingintheletterwhichwoulddistinguishyoufromtherest.Itmightbetheaggressiveapproach.（之后，當(dāng)你申請(qǐng)更重要的工作時(shí)，就需要一些其他更稍微復(fù)雜些的能力。當(dāng)時(shí)的建議是在信中寫些能使你和其他人區(qū)別開來的東西。這可能是一種咄咄逼人的方式。）”由此可知A選項(xiàng)“能讓你從其他申請(qǐng)者中脫穎而出的東西”說法正確。B選項(xiàng)“關(guān)于申請(qǐng)人性格的暗示信息”文章沒有提到；C選項(xiàng)“在申請(qǐng)這項(xiàng)工作方面比別人有優(yōu)勢(shì)”為本題干擾項(xiàng)，文中只提到建議在簡(jiǎn)歷中寫一些和別人不一樣的地方，可以是很多方面，而不僅僅局限于工作方面，所以本題不選C選項(xiàng)；D選項(xiàng)“用侵略性方法偶爾?；ㄕ小保恼轮惶岬皆谛胖袑懶┠苁鼓愫推渌藚^(qū)別開來的東西這一舉措可能是一種咄咄逼人的方式，并不是建議求職者在求職過程中用侵略性方法偶爾耍花招。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章最后一段“Thereisnodoubt,however,thatitisincreasingnumberofapplicantswithuniversityeducationatallpointsintheprocessofengagingstaffthathasledtothegreaterimportanceofthecurriculumvitae.（但是，毫無疑問，在申請(qǐng)工作的過程中具有大學(xué)學(xué)歷的人數(shù)增加，使得簡(jiǎn)歷更加重要。）”由此可知簡(jiǎn)歷變得越來越重要的原因是因?yàn)楦邔W(xué)歷申請(qǐng)人數(shù)量的增加，所以B選項(xiàng)“有學(xué)位的申請(qǐng)人數(shù)量有所增加”說法正確。A選項(xiàng)“招聘廣告的數(shù)量有所增加”；C選項(xiàng)“現(xiàn)在的工作變得越來越復(fù)雜”；D選項(xiàng)“其他的申請(qǐng)工作的過程更加復(fù)雜”都與文章事實(shí)不符，因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

15.翻譯題

Wedonotknowexactlyhowlongthecountryhasbeenoccupiedbuttheearliestdiscoveredsiteofoccupationisabout47,000yearsold.Toputthisinperspective,sincetheFirstFleetarrivedin1788therehavebeenonlyeightgenerationsofsettlers.Ontheotherhand,therehavebeenatleast18,500generationsofthePeoplesoftheDreaming.

ThePeoplesoftheDreamingbelongedtoover500differentgroupsornationswithdifferentlanguagesandculturesbuttheywereboundtogetherbytheirbeliefintheDreaming.“TheDreaming”or“TheDreamtime”isthemostenduringreligioninAustraliatoday.Itisbasedonthecentralpri