2022年考研考博-考博英語(yǔ)-西南財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）試卷號(hào)44

住在富人區(qū)的她2022年考研考博-考博英語(yǔ)-西南財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）（圖片可根據(jù)實(shí)際調(diào)整大?。╊}型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.單選題

HenryFord,thefamousU.S.inventorandcarmanufacturer,oncesaid.“ThebusinessofAmericaisbusiness.”BythishemeantthattheU.S.wayoflifeisbasedonthevaluesofthebusinessworld.

FewwouldarguewithFord'sstatements.AbriefglimpseatadailynewspapervividlyshowshowmuchpeopleintheUnitedStatesthinkaboutbusiness.Forexample,nearlyeverynewspaperhasabusinesssection,inwhichthedealsandprojects,financesandmanagements,stockpricesandlaborproblemsofcorporationsarereporteddaily.Inaddition,businessnewscanappearineveryothersection.Mostnationalnewshasanimportantfinancialaspecttoit.Welfare,foreignaid,thefederalbudget,andthepoliceoftheFederalReserveBankareallheavilyaffectedbybusiness.Moreover,businessnewsappearsinsomeoftheunlikeliestplaces.Theworldofartsandentertainmentisoftenreferredtoas“theentertainmentindustry”or“showbusiness.”

ThepositivesideofHenryFord’sstatementcanbeseenintheprosperitythatbusinesshasbroughttoU.S.life.OneofthemostimportantreasonssomanypeoplefromallovertheworldcometoliveintheUnitedStatesisthedreamofabetterjob.JobsareproducedinabundancebecausetheU.Seconomicsystemisdrivenbycompetition.Peoplebelievethatthissystemcratesmorewealth,morejob,andamateriallybetterwayoflife.

ThenegativesideofHenryFord’sstatement,however,canbeseenwhentheworldbusinessistakentomeanbigbusiness.Andthetermbigbusiness-referringtothebiggestcompanies-isseeninoppositiontolabor.ThroughoutU.S.historyworkingpeoplehavehadtofighthardforhigherwages,betterworkingconditions,andthefighttoformunions.Todaymanyoftheoldlabordisputesareover,butthereisstillsomeemployeeanxiety.Downsizing—thelayingoffofthousandsofworkerstokeepexpenseslowandprofitshighcreatesfeelingofinsecurityformany.

1.TheUnitedStatesisatypicalcountry（

）.

2.TheinfluenceofbusinessintheU.S.isevidencedbythefactthat

（

）.

3.Accordingtothepassage,immigrantschoosetosettleintheU.Sdreamingthat

（

）.

4.HenryFord’sstatementcanbetakennegativelybecause

（

）.

5.Acompany’seffortstokeepexpenseslowandprofitshighmayresultin（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.whichencouragesfreetradesathomeandabroad

B.whichnormallyworksaccordingtothefederalbudget

C.whereallbusinessesaremanagedinascientificway

D.wherepeople’schiefconcernishowtomakemoney

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Americansofallprofessionsknowhowtodobusiness

B.evenpublicorganizationsconcentrateonworkingforprofits

C.mostnewspapersarerunbybigbusinesses

D.evenartsandentertainmentareregardedasbusiness

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.theycanstartprofitablebusinessesthere

B.theycanbemorecompetitiveinbusiness

C.theywillmakeafortuneovernightthere

D.theywillfindbetterchancesofemployment

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.workingpeoplearefacingtofightfortheirrights

B.therearemanyindustriescontrolledbyafewbigcapitalists

C.thereisaconflictingrelationshipbetweenbigcorporationsandlabor

D.publicservicesarenotrunbythefederalgovernment

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.reductioninthenumberofemployees

B.improvementofworkingconditions

C.fewerdisputesbetweenlaborandmanagement

D.ariseinworker’swages

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:D

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】第1題:推理判斷題。文章第一段第二句話提到“亨利?福特的話意味著美國(guó)人的生活都是建立在商業(yè)價(jià)值上的”（BythishemeantthattheU.S.wayoflifeisbasedonthevaluesofthebusinessworld），換句話說(shuō)，美國(guó)人關(guān)心的就是如何去創(chuàng)造商業(yè)價(jià)值，選項(xiàng)D“人們主要關(guān)心的問(wèn)題是如何賺錢”符合題意。

第2題:推理判斷題。文章第二段主要講述了與報(bào)紙相關(guān)的內(nèi)容，無(wú)論是什么類型的報(bào)紙，都能看到與商業(yè)相關(guān)的內(nèi)容。文章第二段最后一句話提到即使是藝術(shù)和娛樂(lè)都被看成是“娛樂(lè)業(yè)”（Theworldofartsandentertainmentisoftenreferredtoas“theentertainmentindustry”or“showbusiness.”），這證明了美國(guó)的商業(yè)影響非常廣泛。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

第3題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。文章第三段第一句話提到“這么多人來(lái)美國(guó)生活的一個(gè)重要原因是他們可以在這里找到更好的工作”（OneofthemostimportantreasonssomanypeoplefromallovertheworldcometoliveintheUnitedStatesisthedreamofabetterjob），選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

第4題:推理判斷題。文章最后一段提到了亨利?福特的觀點(diǎn)的負(fù)面影響：大公司與勞動(dòng)力之間的矛盾（Andthetermbigbusiness-referringtothebiggestcompanies-isseeninoppositiontolabor），選項(xiàng)C“大公司與勞動(dòng)力之間存在對(duì)立關(guān)系”符合題意。

第5題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問(wèn)的是“如果一家公司想低消耗，高利潤(rùn)，會(huì)導(dǎo)致什么結(jié)果？”文章最后一段最后一句話提到“裁員——上千員工失業(yè)，公司花費(fèi)減少，利潤(rùn)增加”（Downsizing—thelayingoffofthousandsofworkerstokeepexpenseslowandprofitshighcreatesfeelingofinsecurityformany），選項(xiàng)A“雇員人數(shù)減少”符合題意。

2.單選題

Ifeelthathissubjectgainsalotfromtheattractive（

）ofthematter.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.presentation

B.preparation

C.preference

D.potential

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。presentation“展示，陳述”；preparation“預(yù)備，準(zhǔn)備”；preference“偏愛(ài)，傾向，優(yōu)先權(quán)”；potential“潛能，可能性”。

句意：我覺(jué)得他的話題從他對(duì)問(wèn)題吸引人的陳述方式中獲益很多。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

3.單選題

Itisour（

）policythatwewillachieveunitythroughpeacefulmeans.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.consistent

B.continuous

C.considerate

D.continual

【答案】A

【解析】形近詞辨析題。consistent始終如一的，堅(jiān)持的；continuous連續(xù)的；considerate體貼的，考慮周到的；continual持續(xù)不斷的，頻繁的。

句意：通過(guò)和平的方式實(shí)現(xiàn)統(tǒng)一，這是我們一貫的政策。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

4.單選題

Our（

）talkspromisedagoodfutureforourcooperation.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.interior

B.insurance

C.initial

D.invisible

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。interior“內(nèi)部的”；insurance“保險(xiǎn)”；initial“最初的”；invisible“看不見(jiàn)的”。句意：我們的初次會(huì)談為我們的合作展現(xiàn)了一個(gè)好的未來(lái)。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

5.單選題

Thecitygovernmentis（

）reformingthesocialsecuritysystem.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.contemplating

B.reflecting

C.overtaking

D.nourishing

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。contemplate意為“考慮，考慮接受（發(fā)生某事的可能性），深思熟慮”；reflect意為“反射（光、熱、聲或影像）”；overtake意為“追上，趕上”；nourish意為“滋養(yǎng)，施肥于”。

句意：市政府正在考慮改革社會(huì)保障制度。

6.單選題

Whethertheeyesare“thewindowsofthesoul”isdebatable,thattheyareintenselyimportantininterpersonalcommunicationisfact.Duringthefirsttwomonthsofababy’slife,thestimulusthatproducesasmileisapairofeyes.Theeyesneednotbereal:amaskwithtwodotswillproduceasmile.Significantly,arealhumanfacewitheyescoveredthenthefacewillnotmotivateasmile,norwillthesightofonlyoneeyethenthefaceispresentedinprofile.Thisattractiontoeyesasopposedtothenoseormouthcontinuesasthebabymatures.Inonestudy,whenAmericanfour-year-oldswereaskedtodrawpeople.75percentofthemdrewpeoplewithmouths,but99percentofthemdrewpeoplewitheyes.InJapan,however,wherebabiesarecarriedontheirmother’sback,infantstonotacquireasmuchattachmenttoeyesastheydoinothercultures.Asaresult,Japaneseadultsmakelittleuseofthefaceeithertoencodeordecodemeaning.Infact,Argylerevealsthatthe“properplacetofocusone’sgazeduringaconversationinJapanisontheneckofone'sconversationpartner’.

TheroleofeyecontactinaconversationalexchangebetweentwoAmericansiswelldefined:speakersmakecontactwiththeeyesoftheirlistenerforaboutonesecond,thenglanceawayastheytalk;inafewmomentstheyre-establisheyecontactwiththelistenerorreassurethemselvesthattheiraudienceisstillattentive,thenshifttheirgazeawayoncemore.Listeners,meanwhile,keeptheireyesonthefaceofthespeaker,allowingthemselves-toglanceawayonlybriefly.Itisimportantthattheybelookingatthespeakerattheprecisemomentwhenthespeakerreestablisheseyecontact;iftheyarenotlooking,atthespeakerassumesthattheyaredisinterestedandeitherwillpauseuntileyecontactisresumedorwillterminatetheconversation.Justhowcriticalthiseyemaneuveringistothemaintenanceofconversationalflowbecomesevidentwhentwospeakersarewearingdarkglasses:theremaybeasortoftrafficjamofwordscausedbyinterruption,falsestarts,andunpredictablepauses.

1.Theauthorisconvincedthattheeyesare（

）.

2.Babieswillnotbestimulatedtosmilebyaperson（

）.

3.Accordingtothepassage,theJapanesefixtheirgazeontheirconversationpartner’neckbecause（

）.

4.Accordingtothepassage,aconversationbetweentwoAmericansmaybreakdowndueto（

）.

5.Tokeepaconversationflowingsmoothly,itisbetterfortheparticipants（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.somethingthroughwhichonecanseeaperson’sinnerworld

B.ofextremeimportanceinexpressingfeelingsandexchangingideas

C.ofconsiderablesignificanceinmakingconversationsinteresting

D.somethingthevalueofwhichislargelyamatteroflongdebate

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.whosefrontviewisfullyperceived

B.whosefaceiscoveredwithamask

C.whosefaceisseenfromtheside

D.whosefaceisfreeofanycovering

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.theydon'tliketokeeptheireyesonthefaceofthespeaker

B.theydon’thowtocommunicatethrougheyecontact

C.theydon’tthinkitpolitetohaveeyecontact

D.theydidn’thavemuchopportunitytocommunicatethrougheyecontactinbabyhood

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.onetemporarilyglancingawayfromtheother

B.eyecontactofmorethanonesecond

C.improperly-timedceasingofeyecontact

D.constantadjustmentofeyecontact

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.nottoweardarkglasses

B.nottomakeanyinterruptions

C.nottoglanceawayfromeachother

D.nottomakeunpredictablepaused

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】第1題:主旨大意題。文章第一段第一句提到“眼睛是心靈的窗戶這個(gè)說(shuō)法是有爭(zhēng)議的，但是在人際交往中眼睛非常重要是事實(shí)”Whethertheeyesare“thewindowsofthesoul”isdebatable,thattheyareintenselyimportantininterpersonalcommunicationisfact，選項(xiàng)B“在表達(dá)情感和交流思想時(shí)非常重要”符合題意。

第2題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。文章第一段第四句話提到“一張真正的人臉但是眼睛被遮住了不能引發(fā)嬰兒笑，只露出一只眼睛的側(cè)臉也不能讓嬰兒笑”（arealhumanfacewitheyescoveredthenthefacewillnotmotivateasmile,norwillthesightofonlyoneeyethenthefaceispresentedinprofile），由此可知選項(xiàng)C“從側(cè)面看某人的臉”符合題意。

第3題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。文章第一段提到“日本的嬰兒被母親背在背上，在他們的文化中沒(méi)有接收太多關(guān)于眼神交流的內(nèi)容”（InJapan,however,wherebabiesarecarriedontheirmother’sback,infantstonotacquireasmuchattachmenttoeyesastheydoinothercultures），所以他們交流時(shí)喜歡看對(duì)方的脖子而不是眼睛，選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

第4題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。文章第二段提到“重要的是他們要在說(shuō)話人重新建立眼神交流的時(shí)刻看向說(shuō)話人；如果他們沒(méi)有看向?qū)Ψ?，說(shuō)話人會(huì)認(rèn)為他們對(duì)所說(shuō)話題不感興趣或者以為他們想中斷談話”（Itisimportantthattheybelookingatthespeakerattheprecisemomentwhenthespeakerreestablisheseyecontact;iftheyarenotlooking,atthespeakerassumesthattheyaredisinterestedandeitherwillpauseuntileyecontactisresumedorwillterminatetheconversation），因此選項(xiàng)C“停止眼神交流的時(shí)間不當(dāng)”符合題意。

第5題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。文章最后一句話提到“當(dāng)談話雙方都戴墨鏡的時(shí)候就會(huì)知道這種眼神交流對(duì)于保持通暢談話有多重要：可能會(huì)中途被打斷，錯(cuò)誤的開(kāi)始或者意料之外的停頓等等”（Itisimportantthattheybelookingatthespeakerattheprecisemomentwhenthespeakerreestablisheseyecontact;iftheyarenotlooking,atthespeakerassumesthattheyaredisinterestedandeitherwillpauseuntileyecontactisresumedorwillterminatetheconversation），選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

7.單選題

Thesamefactorspushwagesandpricesuptogether,theone（

）theother.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.emphasizing

B.reinforcing

C.multiplying

D.increasing

【答案】B

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析題。emphasize強(qiáng)調(diào)；reinforce加強(qiáng)，加固；multiply增加；increase增強(qiáng)，提高。

句意：相同的因素推動(dòng)工資和物價(jià)同時(shí)上漲，二者相互促進(jìn)。這里指由于相互促進(jìn)而增強(qiáng)，所以選項(xiàng)B最為恰當(dāng)。

8.單選題

Whatsheachievedinherresearchmight（

）whatshehadbeenexpecting.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.exceed

B.exclaim

C.excess

D.extend

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。exceed“超過(guò)，勝過(guò)”；exclaim“大聲說(shuō)出”；excess“超過(guò)”，名詞；extend“延伸，擴(kuò)大”。

句意：她在研究中的收獲可能超過(guò)她的預(yù)期。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

9.單選題

Whenglobalwarmingfinallycame,itstuckwithavengeance.Insomeregions,temperaturesroseseveraldegreesinlessthanacentury.Sealevelsshotupnearly400feet,floodingcoastalsettlementsandforcingpeopletomigrateinland.DesertsspreadthroughouttheworldasvegetationshifteddrasticallyinNorthAmerica,EuropeandAsia.Afterdrivingmanyoftheanimalsaroundthemtonearextinction,peoplewereforcedtoabandontheiroldwayoflifeforaradicallynewsurvivalstrategythatresultedinwidespreadstarvationanddisease.Theadaptationwasfarming:theglobal-warmingcrisisthatgaverisetoithappenedmorethan10,000yearsago.

AsenvironmentalistsconveneinRiodeJaneirothisweektopondertheglobalclimateofthefuture,earthscientistsareinthemidstofarevolutioninunderstandinghowclimatehaschangedinthepastandhowthosechangeshavetransformedhumanexistence.Researchershavebeguntopiecetogetheranilluminatingpictureofthepowerfulgeologicalandastronomicalforcesthathavecombinedtochangetheplanet'senvironmentfromhottocold,wettodryandbackagainoveratimeperiodstretchingbackhundredsofmillionsofyears.

Mostimportantly,scientistsarebeginningtorealizethattheclimaticchangeshavehadamajorimpactontheevolutionofthehumanspecies.Newresearchnowsuggeststhatclimateshiftshaveplayedakeyroleinnearlyeverysignificantturningpointinhumanevolution:fromthedawnofprimates(靈長(zhǎng)目動(dòng)物)some65millionyearsagotohumanancestorsrisinguptowalkontwolegs,fromthehugeexpansionofthehumanbraintotheriseofagriculture.Indeed,thehumanhistoryhasnotbeenmerelytouchedbyglobalclimatechange,somescientistsargue,ithasinsomeinstancesbeendrivenbyit.

ThenewresearchhasprofoundimplicationsfortheenvironmentalsummitinRio.Amongotherthings,thefindingsdemonstratethatdramaticclimatechangeisnothingnewforplanetEarth.Thebenign(宜人的)globalenvironmentthathasexistedoverthepast10,000years——duringwhichagriculture,writing,citiesandmostotherfeaturesofcivilizationappeared—isamerebrightspotinamuchlargerpatternofwidelyvaryingclimateovertheages.Infact,thepatternofclimatechangeinthepastrevealsthatEarth'sclimatewillalmostcertainlygothroughdramaticchangesinthefuture—evenwithouttheinfluenceofhumanactivity.

1.Farmingemergedasasurvivalstrategybecausemanhadbeenobliged.

2.Earthscientistshavecometounderstandthatclimate（

）.

3.Scientistsbelievethathumanevolution

（

）.

4.Evidenceofpastclimaticchangesindicatesthat

（

）.

5.Themessagetheauthorwishestoconveyinthepassageisthat（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.togiveuphisformerwayoflife

B.toleavethecoastalareas

C.tofollowtheever-shiftingvegetation

D.toabandonhisoriginalsettlement

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.isgoingthroughafundamentalchange

B.hasbeengettingwarmerfor10,000years

C.willeventuallychangefromhottocold

D.hasgonethroughperiodicalchanges

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.hasseldombeenaccompaniedbyclimaticchanges

B.hasexertedlittleinfluenceonclimaticchanges

C.haslargelybeenaffectedbyclimaticchanges

D.hashadamajorimpactonclimaticchanges

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.humanactivitieshaveacceleratedchangesofEarth'senvironment

B.Earth’senvironmentwillremainmilddespitehumaninterference

C.Earth’sclimateisboundtochangesignificantlyinthefuture

D.Earth’sclimateisunlikelytoundergosubstantialchangesinthefuture

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.humancivilizationremainsgloriousthoughitisaffectedbyclimaticchanges

B.mankindisvirtuallyhelplessinthefaceofthedramaticchangesofclimate

C.manhastolimithisactivitiestoslowdowntheglobalwarmingprocess

D.humancivilizationwillcontinuetodevelopinspiteofthechangesofnature

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】第1題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第一段的倒數(shù)第二句“Afterdrivingmanyoftheanimalsaroundthemtonearextinction,peoplewereforcedtoabandontheiroldwayoflifeforaradicallynewsurvivalstrategythatresultedinwidespreadstarvationanddisease.Theadaptationwasfarming...”在把他們周圍的許多動(dòng)物逼到瀕臨滅絕的邊緣后，人們被迫放棄他們?cè)械纳罘绞?，轉(zhuǎn)而采用一種全新的生存戰(zhàn)略，導(dǎo)致了大面積的饑餓和疾病。這種適應(yīng)就是農(nóng)業(yè)....由此可知，農(nóng)業(yè)作為一種生存戰(zhàn)略出現(xiàn)是因?yàn)槿藗兎艞壛嗽械纳罘绞剑x項(xiàng)A符合原文。

第2題:判斷推理題。題目問(wèn)的是氣候是如何變化的。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“earthscientists”定位到第二段的內(nèi)容“Researchershavebeguntopiecetogetheranilluminatingpictureofthepowerfulgeologicalandastronomicalforcesthathavecombinedtochangetheplanet'senvironmentfromhottocold,wettodryandbackagainoveratimeperiodstretchingbackhundredsofmillionsofyears.”研究人員已經(jīng)開(kāi)始拼湊出一幅清晰的圖像，闡明強(qiáng)大的地質(zhì)和天文力量結(jié)合在一起改變了地球的環(huán)境，從熱到冷，從潮濕到干燥，周而復(fù)始....這些可以追溯到數(shù)億年前。由此可以推斷，氣候的變化是周期性的，階段性的，所以選項(xiàng)D正確。

第3題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“humanevolution”定位到第三段“Mostimportantly,scientistsarebeginningtorealizethattheclimaticchangeshavehadamajorimpactontheevolutionofthehumanspecies.”最重要的是，科學(xué)家們開(kāi)始意識(shí)到氣候變化對(duì)人類物種的進(jìn)化產(chǎn)生了重大影響。選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

第4題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句“Infact,thepatternofclimatechangeinthepastrevealsthatEarth'sclimatewillalmostcertainlygothroughdramaticchangesinthefuture—evenwithouttheinfluenceofhumanactivity.”事實(shí)上，過(guò)去的氣候變化模式表明，即使沒(méi)有人類活動(dòng)的影響，未來(lái)的地球氣候肯定也會(huì)經(jīng)歷巨大的變化。選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

第5題:主旨大意題。結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，本文主要講的是氣候變化對(duì)人類活動(dòng)的影響。文章末尾還指出，即使沒(méi)有人類活動(dòng)的影響，全球氣候依然會(huì)發(fā)生巨大的變化，所以作者主要強(qiáng)調(diào)的是：面對(duì)氣候的急劇變化，人類實(shí)際上是無(wú)能為力的。選項(xiàng)B正確。

10.單選題

InDisneylandeveryyear,some800,000plantsarereplacedbecauseDisneyrefusedto（

）signsaskinghis“guests”nottostepontherm.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.putdown

B.putout

C.putup

D.putoff

【答案】C

【解析】詞組辨析題。putdown鎮(zhèn)壓，貶低；putout熄滅，打擾；putup提供，建造，張貼；putoff推遲，阻止。

句意：在迪斯尼樂(lè)園，每年大約有80萬(wàn)個(gè)植物被替換，因?yàn)榈纤鼓峋芙^張貼告示要求游客不要踩到植物。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

11.單選題

Thebiographerhastodancebetweentwoshakypositionswithrespecttothesubject.Tooclosearelation,andthewritermayloseobjectivity.Notcloseenough,andthewritermaylackthesympathynecessarytoanyefforttoportrayamind,asoul,thequalityoflife.Whoshouldwritethebiographyofafamily,forexample?Becauseoftheirclosenesstothesubject,familymembersmayhavespecialinformation,butbythesametoken,theymaynothavethedistancethatwouldallowthemtobefair.Similarly,aking’sservantmightnotbethebestonetowriteabiographyofthatking.Butaforeignermightnothavetheknowledgeandsympathynecessarytowritetheking’sbiography—notforareadershipfromwithinthekingdom,atanyrate.

Thereisnoidealpositionforsuchatask.Thebiographerhastoworkwiththepositionheorshehasintheworld,adjustingthatpositionasnecessarytodealwiththesubject.Everypositionhasstrengthsandweaknesses;tothrive,awritermusttrytobecomeawareofthese,evaluatethemintermsofthesubject,andselectapositionaccordingly.

Whentheirsubjectsareheroesorfamousfigures,biographiesoftenrevealademocraticmotive;theyattempttoshowthattheirsubjectsareonlyhuman,nobetterthananyoneelse.Otherbiographiesaremeanttochangeus,toinviteustobecomebetterthanweare.ThebiographiesofJesusfoundintheBibleareinthisclass.

Biographersmayclaimthattheiraccountisthe“authentic”one.Inadvancingthisclaim,theyarehelpedifthebiographyis“authorized”bythesubject;thispresumablyallowsthebiographerspecialaccesstoprivateinformation.“Unauthorized”biographiesalsohavetheirappeal,however,sincetheycansuggestanindependenceofmindinthebiographer.Inbookpromotions,the“unauthorized”characterizationusuallysuggeststheprospectofjuicygossipthatthesubjecthadhopedtosuppress.Asubjectmighthaveseveralbiographies,evenseveral“authentic”ones.Wesenseintuitivelythatnooneisinapositiontotell“the”storyofalife,perhapsnoteventhesubject,andthishasbeenprovedbythehistoryofbiography.

1.Accordingtotheauthorsanidealbiographerwouldbeonewho（

）.

2.TheauthorcitesthebiographiesofJesusintheBibleinordertoshowthat

（

）.

3.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue,accordingtothepassage?

4.Anunauthorizedbiographyislikelytoattractmorereadersbecause

（

）.

5.Inthispassage,theauthorfocuseson

（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.knowsthesubjectverywellandyetmaintainsaproperdistancefromhim

B.isclosetothesubjectandknowsthetechniquesofbiographywriting

C.isindependentandtreatsthesubjectswithfairnessandobjectivity

D.possessesspecialprivateinformationandissympathetictowardthesubject

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.thebestbiographiesaremeanttotransformtheirreaders

B.biographiesareauthenticaccountsoftheirsubjects’lives

C.thebestbiographiesarethoseofheroesandfamousfigures

D.biographiescanservedifferentpurposes

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Anauthenticbiographyseldomappealstoitsreaders

B.Anauthenticbiographyisoneauthorizedbythesubject

C.Noonecanwriteaperfectbiography

D.Authorizedbiographieshaveawiderreadership

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.itportraysthesubjectbothfaithfullyandvividly

B.itcontainsinterestinginformationaboutthesubject’sprivatelife

C.itrevealsalotofaccuratedetailsunknowntooutsiders

D.itusuallygivesasympatheticdescriptionofthesubject’scharacter

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.thedifficultyofabiographerinfindingtheproperperspectivetodohisjob

B.thesecretofabiographertowinmorereaders

C.thetechniquesrequiredofabiographertowriteagoodbiography

D.thecharacteristicsofdifferentkindsofbiographies

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】第1題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第一段中的Thebiographerhastodancebetweentwoshakypositionswithrespecttothesubject.Tooclosearelation,andthewritermayloseobjectivity.Notcloseenough,andthewritermaylackthesympathynecessarytoanyefforttoportrayamind,asoul,thequalityoflife.（傳記作者必須在關(guān)于這個(gè)傳記對(duì)象的兩個(gè)不穩(wěn)定的立場(chǎng)之間搖擺。關(guān)系太親密，作者可能會(huì)失去客觀性。關(guān)系不夠近，作者可能缺乏足夠的激情去努力刻畫人物的思想、靈魂這些生活的本質(zhì)）可知A選項(xiàng)“非常了解這個(gè)傳記對(duì)象，并與其保持適當(dāng)?shù)木嚯x”符合題意。

第2題:推理判斷題。文章第三段中的內(nèi)容為：當(dāng)他們的對(duì)象是英雄或著名人物時(shí)，傳記往往揭示出一種民主的動(dòng)機(jī)；他們?cè)噲D向人民展示他們的主也只是人，并沒(méi)有比任何人都好。而其它的傳記則是有意要改變我們，鼓勵(lì)我們變得比我們之前更好。圣經(jīng)中耶穌的傳記就屬于后一類。

由此可知作者引用了耶穌在圣經(jīng)中的傳記，是為了表明傳記可以有不同的目的，因此選D。

第3題:推理判斷題。由文章最后一段中的Wesenseintuitivelythatnooneisinapositiontotell“the”storyofalife,perhapsnoteventhesubject,andthishasbeenprovedbythehistoryofbiography.（我們憑直覺(jué)認(rèn)為沒(méi)有作家是站在講述一生的故事的位置的，可能甚至不是在傳記對(duì)象的位置，這已經(jīng)被傳記的歷史所證明了）可知C選項(xiàng)“沒(méi)有人能寫出完美的傳記”符合題意。

第4題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章最后一段中的Inbookpromotions,the“unauthorized”characterizationusuallysuggeststheprospectofjuicygossipthatthesubjecthadhopedtosuppress.（在圖書促銷中，“未經(jīng)授權(quán)”的描述通常暗示著傳記對(duì)象希望抑制流言蜚語(yǔ)）可知B選項(xiàng)“它包含了關(guān)于傳記對(duì)象的私人生活的有趣信息”。

第5題:主旨大意題。文章主要講述了傳記作家需要具備哪些能力以及不同種類傳記的特點(diǎn)，因此D選項(xiàng)“不同類型傳記的特點(diǎn)”。

12.單選題

（

）studentsshouldbemotivatedbyakeeninterestintheatreandshouldhavesomefamiliaritywithplaysinproduction.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Prospective

B.Responsible

C.Ethnic

D.Realistic

【答案】A

【解析】形容詞辨析題。Prospective未來(lái)的，預(yù)期的；Responsible負(fù)責(zé)的，可靠的；Ethnic種族的；Realistic現(xiàn)實(shí)的。

句意：未來(lái)的學(xué)生應(yīng)該對(duì)戲劇有濃厚的興趣，并對(duì)戲劇創(chuàng)作有一定的了解。選項(xiàng)A更符合語(yǔ)境。

13.單選題

Thenumber30onaroadsign（

）thatthespeedlimitis30milesanhour.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.forecasts

B.signifies

C.illuminates

D.characterize

【答案】B

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析題。forecast預(yù)測(cè)，預(yù)示；signify；表示，意味著；illuminate闡明；.characterize具有...的特征。句意：路牌上的數(shù)字30表示限速30英里每小時(shí)。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

14.單選題

Theplotofthenovel（

）theeconomicdevelopmentofthevillage.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.evolveswith

B.emergesfrom

C.blendswith

D.attachesto

【答案】A

【解析】考查詞組辨析。evolvewith意為“隨……進(jìn)化”；emergefrom意為“（從……）露出，浮現(xiàn)，產(chǎn)生于”；blendwith意為“與……協(xié)調(diào)或和諧”；attachto意為“依附，附屬與，喜愛(ài)”。

句意：小說(shuō)情節(jié)隨著村落經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展而演變。

15.單選題

Caresshouldbetakentodecreasethelengthoftimethatoneis（

）loudcontinuousnoise.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.associatedwith

B.subjectedto

C.filledwith

D.attachedto

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞組辨析。beassociatedwith意為“與……聯(lián)系”；besubjectedto意為“受到，被……折磨”；befilledwith意為“充滿，裝滿”；beattachedto意為“附屬于，喜愛(ài)”。

句意：應(yīng)注意縮短人們?cè)馐艹掷m(xù)噪聲的時(shí)間長(zhǎng)度。

16.單選題

Itwasawonderfuloccasionwhichwewill（

）formanyyearstocome.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.conceive

B.clutch

C.cherish

D.contrive

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。conceive“構(gòu)思，懷孕，考慮”；clutch“緊握，抓住”；cherish“珍惜”；contrive“設(shè)計(jì)，發(fā)明，圖謀”。

句意：在未來(lái)的很多年里我們都會(huì)珍惜這個(gè)美好的時(shí)刻。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

17.單選題

Theytriedtocollectallthepicturestheycould（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.laytheirhandson

B.capitalizeon

C.washtheirhandsof

D.makethebestof

【答案】A

【解析】考查詞組辨析。layone’shandson意為“找到，得到，傷害”；capitalizeon意為“充分利用某事物，從某事物中獲利”；washone’shandsof意為“洗手不干，退出、不參與”；makethebestof意為“充分利用”。

句意：他們?cè)噲D收集所有他們能找到的照片。

18.單選題

Ifyouwanttoteachyourchildrenhowtosaysorryyoumustbegoodatsayingityourself,especiallytoyourownchildren.Buthowyousayitcanbequitetricky.

Ifyousaytoyourchildren“I’msorryIgotangrywithyou,but...”whatfollowsthat“but”canrendertheapologyineffective:“Ihadabadday.”or“yournoisewasgivingmeaheadache”leavesthepersonwhohasbeeninjuredfeelingthatheshouldbeapologizingforhisbadbehaviorinexpectinganapology.

Anothermethodbywhichpeopleappeartoapologizewithoutactuallydoingsoistosay“I’msorryyou'reupset”;thissuggeststhatyouaresomehowatfaultforallowingyourselftogetupsetbywhattheotherpersonhasdone.

Thenthereisthegeneral,allcoveringapology,whichavoidsthenecessityofidentifyingaspecificactthatwasparticularlyhurtfulorinsulting,andwhichthepersonwhoisapologizingshouldpromisenevertodoagain.Saying“I‘muselessasaparent”doesnotcommitapersontoanyspecificimprovement.

Thesepseudo-apologiesareusedbypeoplewhobelievesayingsorryshowsweakness.Parentswhowishtoteachtheirchildrentoapologizeshouldseeitasasignofstrength,andthereforenotresorttothesepseudo-apologies.

Butevenwhenpresentedwithexamplesofgenuinecontrition,childrenstillneedhelptobecomeawareofthecomplexitiesofsayingsorry.Athree-year-oldmightneedhelpinunderstandingthatotherchildrenfeelpainjustashedoes,andthathittingaplaymateovertheheadwithaheavytoyrequiresanapology.Asix-year-oldboymightneedremindingthatspoilingotherchildren’sexpectationscanrequireanapology.A12-year-oldmightneedtobeshownthatraidingthebiscuittinwithoutaskingpermissionisacceptable,butthatborrowingaparent’sclotheswithoutpermissionisnot.

1.Ifamotheradds“but”toanapology,（

）.

2.Accordingtotheauthor,saying“I'msorryyou'reupset”mostprobablymeans“（

）”.

3.Itisnotadvisabletousethegeneral,all-coveringapologybecause

（

）.

4.Welearnfromthelastparagraphthatinteachingchildrentosaysorry

（

）.

5.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatapologizingproperlyis（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.shedoesn’tfeelthatsheshouldhaveapologized

B.shedoesnotrealizethatthechildhasbeenhurt

C.thechildmayfindtheapologyeasiertoaccept

D.thechildmayfeelthatheowesheranapology

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Youhavegoodreasontogetupset

B.I’mawareyou’reupsetbutI’mnottoblame

C.Iapologizeforhurtingyourfeelings

D.I’matfaultformakingyouupset

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.isgetsoneintothehabitofmakingemptypromises

B.itmaymaketheotherpersonfeelguilty

C.itisvagueandineffective

D.itishurtfulandinsulting

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.thecomplexitiesinvolvedshouldbeignored

B.theiragesshouldbetakenintoaccount

C.parentsneedtosetthemagoodexample

D.parentsshouldbepatientandtolerant

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.asocialissuecallingforimmediateattention

B.notnecessaryamongfamilymembers

C.asignofsocialprogress

D.notassimpleasitseems

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】第1題:判斷推理題。根據(jù)第二段的內(nèi)容“‘but’canrendertheapologyineffective...leavesthepersonwhohasbeeninjuredfeelingthatheshouldbeapologizingforhisbadbehaviorinexpectinganapology.”“但是”這個(gè)詞會(huì)讓道歉不起作用.....這讓受傷害的人覺(jué)得他應(yīng)該為自己的錯(cuò)誤行為道歉，而不是期待別人的道歉。根據(jù)題干意思，如果一位母親在道歉之后加上“but”這個(gè)詞，。選項(xiàng)A和B均無(wú)法