英語八年級英語下冊語法填空知識點歸納與練習(xí)

【英語】八年級英語下冊語法填空-知識點歸納與練習(xí)一、八年級英語下冊語法填空專項練習(xí)（含答案解析）1．閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入一個合適的詞，或填入括號中所給單詞的正確形式（最多限填

3個單詞）。WhenIwasalittlegirl,IwantedtobeanEnglish________（teach）.WhenIgrewupalittlebit,Ihadgreatinterestsin________.Ilovedgoingtoconcerts（音樂會）withmyfriendsandreadingmusicbooksand________（magazine）.Duringmylastfewmonthsathighschool,mydreamwasto________areporterforamusicpublication（刊物）.________Ilearnedwritingincollege.Butmyteachersaidmywritingwasterrible,andI________notbeagoodreporter.Myfriendsalsotoldmeitwasdifficult________（find）areporterjob.ThenIbegan________（learn）publicrelation（公共關(guān)系）,becauseIenjoyed________（talk）withpeople.ButnowIworkasaneditorforanewspaper,Igotthejobbecauseofmy________（write）skills.Sodon'tletanyonetellyouthatyoucan'tbewhatyouwanttobe.【答案】teacher；music；magazines；be/become；So；could；tofind；tolearn；talking；writing【解析】【解析】文章馬虎：我小的時候想當(dāng)一位英語老師。此后我對音樂很感興趣，我想為一家音樂刊物當(dāng)記者。我現(xiàn)在是一家報紙的編寫。（1）句意：當(dāng)我還是個小女孩的時候，我想當(dāng)一名英語老師。teach，教，動詞；由文中的語句IwanttobeanEnglish提示可知此句表示想成為一名英語老師，

teacher，可數(shù)名詞，由an提示要用單數(shù)形式，故答案為

teacher。（2）句意：當(dāng)我長大一點的時候，我對音樂有很大的興趣。依照后文的語句

Ilovedgoingtoconcerts（音樂會）

withmyfriendsandreadingmusicbooks提示可知，我對音樂感興趣，music，不可以數(shù)名詞，故填

music。（3）句意：我喜歡和朋友們一起去聽音樂會，讀音樂書籍和雜志。

magazine，可數(shù)名詞，雜志由前面

books提示要用復(fù)數(shù)形式，故答案為

magazines。（4）句意：在高中的最后幾個月里，我的夢想是成為一家音樂刊物的記者。依照文中的mydream及areporter

的提示可知，此句表示想成為記者。

be或become，動詞，前面有不定式符號

to，故答案為

be

或become。（5）句意：因此我在大學(xué)里學(xué)習(xí)了寫作。依照上文中的

mydreamwastobeareporter提示可知，在大學(xué)里學(xué)習(xí)寫作是結(jié)果，要用連詞

so，故填

So。（6）句意：但我的老師說我的寫作很糟糕，我不會是一個好記者。依照上文語句

Butmyteachersaidmywritingwasterrible,神情動詞can，因表示過去，故答案為

提示可知，此句表示我不可以能成為一名好的記者，要用could。（7）句意：我的朋友也告訴我很難找到一份記者的工作。固定句型結(jié)構(gòu)

it's+形容詞+todosth，做某事怎樣，此句需要動詞不定式，

find，找到，發(fā)現(xiàn)，動詞，故填

tofind。（8）句意：此后我開始學(xué)習(xí)公共關(guān)系，因為我喜歡與人發(fā)言。

①learn

，學(xué)習(xí)；begintodosth，開始做某事，故填

tolearn；②talk

，發(fā)言；enjoydoingsth，喜歡做某事，故填talking。（9）句意：我獲取這份工作是因為我的寫作能力。write，寫作，動詞。由

becauseof

可知，后邊要用名詞，或代詞。writingskill，寫作能力，故填writing?！菊?wù)摗坑^察語法填空。答題時要跳過空格通讀全文，認(rèn)識馬虎，爾后依照語境及所給單詞的提示對所缺部分逐一解答，注意要考慮句型、語法、搭配、語境等因素，最后通讀一遍，并逐一考據(jù)。2．語法填空DearDavid,I'mgladyou'regoingtoBeijingtolearnChinese.Everyyear，thereare________（million）offoreignerscomingtoChinatolearnChinese.Chinaisoneofthegreatest________（country）intheworldandChineseisbecomingmoreandmore________（use）.Manyforeignersarelearning________now.ButitmaybemoredifficultforforeignerstolearnChinese，becauseit'sdifferent________English.Asalanguage，Chineseisgettingas________（important）asEnglish.SoIthinkit'salsoanewchallenge（挑戰(zhàn)）foryou.Ifyouwanttolearnit________good）,youshouldstudyharder________before.Remembertolistentotheradiotopractiseyourlistening.It'sagoodideatocatcheverychance（機遇）totalkinChinese.It'simportant________（do）somereadingandwriting.Ifyouhaveany________（question），pleaseaskme.I'msureyou'llmakeit.HopetoseeyousooninBeijing！Yours,LiPing【答案】millions；countries；useful；it；from；important；better；than；todo；question【解析】【解析】馬虎：本文是給大衛(wèi)的一封信。表達(dá)有好多外國人來中國學(xué)漢語，漢語作為一門語言，也和英語相同重要，告訴大衛(wèi)，學(xué)習(xí)漢語可能比學(xué)英語更難，建議要更用功，且要借助各種機遇學(xué)習(xí)它。（1）句意：每年，有數(shù)百萬外國人來中國學(xué)習(xí)漢語。

millionsof數(shù)百萬，固定搭配，故填millions。（2）句意：中國是世界上最偉大的國家之一，漢語正變得越來越適用。

oneof+形容詞最高級+名詞復(fù)數(shù)，表示最之一，固定搭配，country國家，可數(shù)名詞，此處用其復(fù)數(shù)形式，故填

countries。（3）句意：中國是世界上最偉大的國家之一，漢語正變得越來越適用。系動詞，后接形容詞，use使用，動詞，其形容詞是useful，適用的，故填

become，變得，useful。（4）句意：現(xiàn)在好多外國人正在學(xué)它。此處用

it

代替

Chinese作賓語，

it，它，代詞，故填it。（5）句意：但是關(guān)于外國人而言，學(xué)習(xí)漢語可能更難，因為它和英語不相同。

bedifferentfrom

與不相同，固定搭配，故填

from。（6）句意：作為一種語言，漢語正變得和英語相同重要。

as+形容詞原級

+as，與一樣，可知此處用

important

的原級，即

important

，重要的，形容詞，故填

important

。（7）句意：若是你想把它學(xué)得更好，你應(yīng)該比以前學(xué)習(xí)要更用功。此處隱含和以前比較，用比較級，good好的，其比較級是better，更好的，故填better。（8）句意：若是你想把它學(xué)得更好，你應(yīng)該比以前學(xué)習(xí)要更用功。引出比較對象，用than，比，介詞，故填

than。（9）句意：進行一些閱讀和寫作是很重要的。

itis+形容詞

+todosth

，做某事是的，固定句型，故填todo。10）句意：若是你有任何問題，請問我。any任何的，后接名詞單數(shù)，question問題，可數(shù)名詞，故填question?！菊?wù)摗坑^察語法填空。第一理解文章馬虎，答題的過程中，注意考慮句型、語法、搭配、語境等因素，最后得出正確的答案。3．語法填空Ihaven't________（write）tillnow.I'vebeenbusywiththecourseandmakingnewfriends________（連詞）Igothere.I'mspeakingEnglishwithclassmatesallthetimeandgoingoutintheeveningswith________（they）.We'rearealmixofnationalities:Chinese,Russian,Italian,SpanishWetalkaboutallkindsofthings（介詞）EnglishandI'mlearningalotaboutotherlanguagesandcountries,too.Myhostfamilyareverynice.Theparentsarevery________（friend）andkind.Thechildrenarebothinprimaryschoolandtheyareverysweet.Buttheycanbeabitannoying（惱人的）too.IfwehavetowatchthefilmFrozentogetheronemoretime,I?mgoingcrazy!Iknowallthe________（song）byheartnow!Weliveneartheschool.It'sashortbusridefromEdinburghcitycenter.Thereis________（冠詞）ancientcastle（城堡）（see）amagiciandoingcardgames—itwassomuchfun!Iwillsendyousome________（photo）ofEdinburghCastlenexttime.Takecareandletme________（know）howyouaredoing.【答案】written；since；them；in；friendly；songs；an；saw；photos；know【解析】【解析】文章馬虎：這是一封書信，介紹自己在外國學(xué)習(xí)的情況，其中包括結(jié)交了一些不相同國籍的朋友，寄宿家庭的情況。（1）句意：我到現(xiàn)在才寫。write，書寫；因前面haven't，此后要用過去分詞形式，故填written。（2）句意：當(dāng)我抵達(dá)這里的時候素來忙于課程和交新朋友。依照上文的tillnow，可知已經(jīng)來了許久了，因此素來在交朋友，依照havedone，可知是過去完成時，因此連詞用since，自從，故填

since。（3）句意：我素來和同學(xué)們講英語，夜晚和他們一起出去。they，他們；因前面有介詞with，要用賓格形式，故填them。4）句意：我們用英語談?wù)摳鞣N事情，我也學(xué)到了好多其他語言和國家的知識。固定短inEnglish，用英語，故填in。5）句意：父親母親很友善。friend，朋友；由kind可知此句需要形容詞，表示有好的，故填friendly。（6）句意：我現(xiàn)在對所有的歌曲都胸有成竹了！

song，歌曲，可數(shù)名詞。由句中的

all

可知此句要用復(fù)數(shù)形式，故填songs。（7）句意：有一座古堡，我們下周要去那處。素，故填an。

ancient，古老的，第一個音素是元音音（8）句意：我們看到一個魔術(shù)師在玩紙牌游戲，真是太幽默了！語句itwassomuchfun!可知此句要用一般過去時，故填saw。

see，動詞，看到；依照（9）句意：下次我會給你寄一些愛丁堡城堡的照片。

photo，照片，可數(shù)名詞；由

some提示可知此句要用復(fù)數(shù)形式，故填photos。（10）句意：保重，讓我知道你在做什么。固定結(jié)構(gòu)

letsbdosth，讓某人做某事；故填know?！菊?wù)摗坑^察語法填空。通讀全文理解馬虎，爾后依照上下文也許所給單詞的提示對所缺部分進行逐一解答。4．閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入一個合適的詞，或填入括號中所給單詞的正確形式。I'mfromabeautifulvillageinthemiddleofZhejiang.Itis________niceandquietplaceandithasapopulationofabout900.There________（be）alotofthingstodothere,withalibrary,aparkandasportscenter.It'sfamous________thebeautifulmountains.Onweekends,peoplefromthebig________（city）comeheretorelaxthemselves.Theygohiking,pickfruitandhaveapicnic.Villagersinthepastwerepoor,________nowtheyarelivingawealthylife.Mostyoungpeoplehave________（they）owncars.Peopleinmyvillagearekindand________（friend）.Theylikechattingwithyouand________（tell）yousomestoriesaboutthevillage.Ifyouareluckyenough,theywillinviteyou________（have）mealswiththeirfamily.I'msureyouwillhavealotof________（fun）!5．閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入一個合適的詞，或填入括號中所給單詞的正確形式。Peoplehavealwaysbeeninterestedinanimalcommunicationandscientistshavedonealotofresearch________thissubject.Mostanimalscommunicatebysmell.Dogsarefamousforthis.Whenadogwalksoutside,itlearnsaboutotherdogsby________（smell）things.Dogs________（help）hasshownthatmanyotheranimalsusesounds________（communicate）.Frogsandinsectscommunicatewithsounds.Usuallythe"men"makesoundstoinvitethe"________（woman）".Whalesandelephants________usesoundstocommunicate.Thesesoundscantravelveryfarthroughwaterortheground.However,itis________（possible）forhumanstohearsomeoflanguagetocommunicateaswell.________adogputsitstailunderitsbody,itisscared.Whenadogwagsitstailand________（open）itsmouth,itishappy.6．【答案】composer；His；train；but；sad；type/kind；from；uses；piano；all【解析】【解析】本文介紹的是莫扎特寫的音樂，及其各種音樂怎么演奏。（1）觀察名詞。句意：莫扎特是一名作曲家。不定冠詞后邊接可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，故填composer。2）觀察代詞。句意：他的音樂很難演奏和唱。形容詞性物主代詞后邊跟有名詞，作定語，故填His。3）觀察動詞。句意：音樂家們和演唱家們在演奏和唱莫扎特的音樂以前得訓(xùn)練很長一段時間。依照“beforetheycanplayandsingMozart'smusic的時態(tài)”是一般現(xiàn)在時，因此主句的謂語動詞也用一般現(xiàn)在時，故填train。4）觀察連詞。句意：但是流行和搖滾音樂家不用訓(xùn)練很長一段時間。前后內(nèi)容轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故填并列連詞but。5）觀察形容詞。句意：在美國，黑人音樂家經(jīng)常唱悲傷的歌曲。此處形容詞修飾名詞songs作定語，故填

sad。（6）觀察名詞。句意：來自美國的另一種現(xiàn)代化的音樂叫做爵士樂。

another"另一個"，后面接可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，故填type/kind。（7）觀察介詞。句意：來自美國的另一種現(xiàn)代化的音樂叫做爵士樂。此處介詞短語作定語，fromAmerica“來自于美國”，故填from。（8）觀察動詞。句意：這種音樂經(jīng)常使用喇叭等響亮的樂器。本句的主語是

Thismusic，屬于第三人稱單數(shù)形式，故填uses。（9）觀察名詞。句意：我們用鋼琴和小提琴演奏所有種類的音樂。此空與

violin

并列，故填piano。（10）觀察形容詞。句意：我們用鋼琴和小提琴演奏所有種類的音樂。

all

后邊接可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式，故填all?！菊?wù)摗看祟}考點涉及名詞、動詞、代詞、連詞、形容詞、介詞等多個知識點的觀察，綜合性強，要求考生在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，依照上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，結(jié)合漢語提示，寫出正確的單詞形式。7．【答案】against；difficultcheer；scored

/hard；before；beat；mistakes；enough；chance；second；【解析】【解析】本文是一篇記述文，表達(dá)的是作者他們隊和其他的隊進行比賽，他們一步步怎樣獲勝的。（1）觀察介詞。句意：今天是抗衡市最正確學(xué)校隊比賽的一天。beagainst對“抗賽”。依照句意，故填against。2）觀察形容詞。句意：我們教練說我們會獲勝，但是也是會有些困難的。依照句意，故填difficult/hard。3）觀察介詞。句意：我們比賽前熱身，但是我們沒有說太多的話。依照句意，故填before。（4）觀察動詞。句意：關(guān)于我們來說擊敗另一個隊是很重要的。依照句意，故填beat。（5）觀察固定短語。句意：我們犯了好多錯誤。

makemistakes固定短語“犯錯誤”，依照句意，故填

mistakes。（6）觀察副詞。句意：關(guān)于球來說，我們不夠認(rèn)真。此處

enough

修飾形容詞，副詞，放形容詞或副詞此后。依照句意，故填enough。（7）觀察名詞。句意：你比他們更快一些，你有很好的機遇。依照句意，故填chance。8）觀察序數(shù)詞。句意：下半場，我們聽到球迷們的喝采，這讓我們更加努力。依照句意，故填second。9）觀察動詞。句意：下半場，我們聽到球迷們的喝采，這讓我們更加努力。依照句意，故填cheer。（10）觀察動詞。句意：最后我們得分，我們贏得了那場比賽。依照句意，故填【談?wù)摗看祟}考點涉及介詞，形容詞，動詞，固定短語，副詞，名詞，序數(shù)詞等多個知識點的觀察，要求考生在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，依照漢語提示和上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，從而寫出單詞的正確形式。

scored。8．【答案】for；On；asked；topaint；Later；makes；them；thinking；faces；called【解析】【解析】短文馬虎：一個藝術(shù)家想繪制出生界上最美麗的東西，此后他碰到了3個人，最后發(fā)現(xiàn)，世界上最美麗的東西是家。（1）句意：他開始出發(fā)去搜尋世界上最美麗的東西。依照后文提到Inanychurch,youwillfindit'Faith'isthemostbeautifulthingintheworld.可知空缺的意義為搜尋，填入介詞for。（2）句意：在路上，他碰到了一個神父，他問他去那處。依照句子提到hemetanagedpriest，可知空缺的意義為在路上，

ontheway，故答案為

On。（3）句意：在路上，他碰到了一個神父，他問他去那處。

ask，咨詢，依照句子用了過去式，可知

ask用過去式為

asked，故答案為

asked。（4）句意：我想繪畫出生界上最美麗的東西。

paint，繪畫，短語

wanttodosth，想要做某事，填入

topaint

，故答案為

topaint。（5）句意：此后，一個年輕媽媽告訴他最美麗的東西是愛。late，此后，依照句子提到y(tǒng)oungmothertoldhim，可知應(yīng)該是此后告訴他，填入later，故答案為Later。

a6）句意：愛使得世界運轉(zhuǎn)。make，使得，依照主語為love，為不可以數(shù)名詞，謂語用單三，填入makes，故答案為makes。7）句意：我怎樣才能繪畫出它們所有部分呢——信奉，愛和和平。they，它們，依照they做了介詞of的賓語，可知空缺應(yīng)該用賓格形式，填入them，故答案為them。（8）句意：他很驚訝，沒有思慮他去那處，他回到了熟悉的地方。詞without后邊加動詞ing形式，可知空缺填入thinking，故答案為

think，思慮，依照介thinking。（9）句意：在他的妻子和孩子的臉上，他看見了愛和信奉。

face，臉，依照句子提到

hiswifeandchildren，可知face應(yīng)該用復(fù)數(shù)，填入faces，故答案為faces。（10）句意；這個藝術(shù)家繪制了世界上最美麗的東西并且把它稱為家。call，稱，依照句子用了過去式，可知應(yīng)該用call的過去式i為called，故答案為called?！菊?wù)摗坑^察語法填空，做此類題第一熟悉文章馬虎，聯(lián)系上下文，給出空缺單詞，結(jié)合語法知識，給出單詞的正確形式，即可。二、八年級英語下冊閱讀理解專項練習(xí)（含答案解析）9．閱讀理解DDearMum,Youthinkyouknowalotofthingsaboutme,butyoudon't.Youtrytotellmehowtodress,butyoudon'trealizethatitshouldbemydecision.Idon'tthinkthatyouhaveanyrespect（敬愛）forme,becauseyoucomeintomyroom,touchanythingyouwant,anddon'tevenputthingsbackintheirplace.Couldyoupleasechangelittle?Sincerely,YoursonJohnDearMum,Mylifeisdifferentfromyoursbecausewegrewupindifferenttimes.Ihavetogooutintotheworldandexperienceitmyself!Butdon'tworryaboutme,becauseIcomefromahappyfamily.I'mstillyourlittlegirl,butI'llbeanadultsomeday.Iwanttobethebestandstrongestme.Youtaughtmeaboutit.ThanksMum!Sincerely,YourdaughterHelenDearMumandDad,I'mwritingyouthisletterbecauseIneedtotellyoubothsomething.Iwanttocontinuemyeducationatacollegeinourcity.Iwanttogotoschoolpart-timeandworkpart-time.NowI'm17yearsold.Ineedtomakedecisionsonmyown.Ineedagoalandaplanformyfuture.You'vetaughtmetobestronganddowhatIbelievein.Iwanttosaythanksforeverythingyoudidforme.Love,YoursonMike1）Whydoesn'tJohnthinkhismotherrespectshim?A.Becausesheneversays“please”likes.John'sthingswithoutputtingthemback.2）WhatmaybetheproblembetweenHelenandhermother?A.HermotheristoostrictwithherB.Shecan'tunderstandhermother.C.Hermotherworriestoomuchabouther.D.Sheistooyoungtolookafterhermother.3）Helenwantstosay________tohermother.D.welcome（4）Mikewritestohisparentsto________.A.sharewiththemhislifeinschoolB.tellthemhowmuchhelovesthemC.tellthemhisideasabouthisfutureD.tellthemabouthisfavouritecollege5）WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothelastletter?A.Mikewillgotocollegewhenheis17yearsold.B.Mikewantstogotoacollegefarfromhishome.timeandworkpart-time【答案】（1）D（2）C（3）B（4）C（5）C【解析】【解析】文章馬虎：文章寫了John，Helen和Mike寫給父親母親的信。1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依照文章原句Idon'tthinkthatyouhaveanyrespect（敬愛）forme,becauseyoucomeintomyroom,touchanythingyouwant,anddon'tevenputthingsbackintheirplace.可知John認(rèn)為母親不敬愛她因為她來他的房間，摸他的動詞，甚至不放回原處，應(yīng)選D。2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依照文章原句Butdon'tworryaboutme,becauseIcomefromahappyfamily.可知Helen認(rèn)為她的母親對她擔(dān)憂太多，應(yīng)選C。3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依照文章原句Youtaughtmeaboutit.ThanksMum!可知Helen要向母親表示感謝，應(yīng)選B。4）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依照文章原句needagoalandaplanformyfuture.可知Mike想要告訴母親他的未來的計劃，應(yīng)選C。5）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依照文章原句Iwanttosaythanksforeverythingyoudidforme.我想要對你為我做的所有表達(dá)感謝，應(yīng)選C?！菊?wù)摗坑^察閱讀理解能力。在通讀全文的基礎(chǔ)上，掌握馬虎，依照問題在文章中找到詳盡的依照，鎖定答案。10．閱讀理解Anoldmanwasfishinginthebankofariver.Agirlcametoseehimfishing.Theoldmanwasreallygoodatfishinganditdidn'ttakelongforhimtocatchafullbasketoffish.Theoldmansawthatthegirlwasverycute,andhewantedtogiveherawholebasketoffish.Butthegirlshookherhead.Theoldmanwassurprisedandasked"Whydon'tyouwantthefish?"Thegirlreplied,"Iwantthefishingrod（竿）inyourhands.”Theoldmanasked,"Whydoyouwanttherod?""Itdoesn'ttakelongtoeatallthefishinabasket.ButifIhavethefishingrod,IcangofishingbymyselfandIwon'tbeafraidofnothavinganymorefishtoeat."Ithinkyouwillcertainlysaythatthegirlisverysmart.Wrong!Ifshedoesn'tknowhowtofish,shecannothavefishtoeat,eventhoughshehasthefishingrod.It'suselesstoonlyhavefishingrod.Fishingskillsarethemostimportant,notthefishingrod.Toomanypeoplethinkthatiftheyhavea"fishingrod"intheirlife,theywillnolongerfearthewindandrain.Theyarejustlikethegirl,whothoughtthatifshehadafishingrod,shewouldhavefishtoeat.（1）Theoldmanwasfishingonthebankofa.D.sea

a2）Whydidthegirlrefusethefishtheoldmangaveher?（3）Thewriterthoughtthegirlwasaftersheexplainedwhyshedidn'twantthefish.4）Whatisthebesttitleforthearticle?A.TheFish.B.TheFishingMan.C.TheFishingGirl.D.LearntoFish.【答案】（1）A2）B3）C4）D【解析】【解析】這篇短文給我們表達(dá)的是老人在河邊垂釣,一個女孩在一邊觀看。女孩拒絕老人給她的魚反而要老人的魚竿，女孩認(rèn)為有了魚竿就會自己垂釣吃。作者認(rèn)為她很傻，因為垂釣技巧是最重要的而不是魚竿。1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依照短文中Anoldmanwasfishinginthebankofriver.可知老人在河邊垂釣。應(yīng)選A。（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題依照Thegirlreplied,"Iwantthefishingrod（竿）inyourhands."可知女孩拒絕魚，是想要魚竿，應(yīng)選B。3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依照Wrong!Ifshedoesn'tknowhowtofish,shecannothavefishtoeat,eventhoughshehasthefishingrod.可知作者認(rèn)為女孩是傻的，應(yīng)選C。（4）題目歸納題。依照Fishingskillsarethemostimportant,notthefishingrod.垂釣技巧是最重要的而不是魚竿。可知短文講的是學(xué)會垂釣，應(yīng)選D?！菊?wù)摗看祟}觀察閱讀理解。閱讀短文，理解短文馬虎。解析問題，弄清題意。帶著問題閱讀短文，從短文的細(xì)節(jié)中找出和問題相關(guān)的語句，確定問題答案。關(guān)于題目歸納題，要依照文章的主要內(nèi)容確定。11．閱讀理解Aproverbisashort,well-knownsayingthattellsacommontruthorbelief.Proverbsarepopulararoundtheworld.Manylistenershavesentustheirfavoriteproverbs.Theygiveadviceabouthowtolive.Webeginwithtwopopularproverbsaboutstayinghealthybyeatinggoodfood.Oneis"Anappleadaykeepsthedoctoraway."Theotheris"Youarewhatyoueat."Severalproverbsaboutbirdsalsogiveadvice.Youmayhaveheardthisone:Theearlybirdcatchestheworm.Thismeansapersonwhogetsupearly,oractsquickly,hasthebestchanceofsuccess.Anotherfamousproverbis"abirdinthehandisworthtwointhebush".Thismeansyoushouldnotrisklosingsomethingyouhavebysearchingsomethingthatisnotguaranteed證的）.

（有保Anotherproverbwarns"donotputallyoureggsinonebasket".Thismeansyoushouldnotputallofyourresources（資源）togetherinoneplacebecauseyoucouldrisklosingeverythingatonetime.Hereismoreadvice:Ifatfirstyoudon'tsucceed,try,tryagain.Also,"Neverputoffuntiltomorrowwhatyoucandotoday."Yetanotherproverbadvisesusnottobeconcernedaboutsomethingbadthatyoucannotchange.Itsays,"Thereisnousecryingoverspilledmilk."Doyouagreewiththeproverb"Childrenshouldbeseenandnotheard"?Maybeyouhavetoldyourchildrenthat"hardworkneverhurtanyone".Butotherpeoplesaythat"allworkandnoplaymakesJackadullboy".Theybelieveitisnotwisetospendallyourtimeworkingbutneverhavingfun.Finally,hereisoneofourfavoritepro-verbs:Peoplewholiveinglasshousesshouldnotthrowstones.Thismeansyoushouldnotcriticizeotherpeopleunlessyouareperfectyourself.1）Aproverbis________.2）Theproverb"youarewhatyoueat"advisesusto________.3）Ifsomeoneisslowinaction,wecantellhim/hertheproverb"________".4）Whatisthispassageprobablyusedfor?A.AnEnglishtextbook.B.AnEnglishTVprogram.C.AnEnglishspeechcontest.D.AnEnglishradioprogram.【答案】（1）C2）B3）A4）D【解析】【解析】文章馬虎：諺語在世界范圍內(nèi)受歡迎，接著說了一些諺語的意義，舉出了詳盡的諺語和意義。1）細(xì)節(jié)題。依照文章提到的Aproverbisashort,well-knownsayingthattellsacommontruthorbelief可知，諺語是關(guān)于公共的事實，應(yīng)選C。2）推斷題。依照句意為：你就是你所吃的，可知我們吃什么，就變成我們身體的一部分，倡議我們健康飲食，應(yīng)選B。3）細(xì)節(jié)題。依照文章提到的Theearlybirdcatchestheworm.Thismeansapersonwhogetsupearly,oractsquickly可知，早起的鳥兒有蟲吃可以激勵人們進步，應(yīng)選A。（4）細(xì)節(jié)題。依照文章提到的Thanksforlistening，可知這篇文章來自廣播節(jié)目，應(yīng)選D。【談?wù)摗坑^察細(xì)節(jié)題和推斷題兩種題型，做細(xì)節(jié)題的時候第一熟悉問題，熟悉文章馬虎，帶著問題到文章找出答案，即可；做推斷題的時候聯(lián)系上下文，即可。12．閱讀理解Angerisakindoffeeling.Manythingscanmakeyouangry.Whenyourteachergivesyoutoomuchhomework,whenyourteamlosesanimportantgame,orwhenafriendborrowsyourfavoritetoyandthenbreaksit,youmaygetreallyangry.Usuallyyourbodywilltellyouwhenyouareangry.Forexample,youbreathefaster,yourfaceturnsred,andyoumaywanttobreaksomethingorhitsomeone.Butsometimesyouhideyouranger.Forexample,youmayhideitinyourheart.Theproblemisthatifyoudothis,youmaygetaheadacheoryourstomachmayhurt.Infact,it'snotgoodtohideyouranger,andit'snormalforyoutogetangrysometimes.Butangermustgooutintherightway,withouthurtingothersoryourself.Whenyongetangry,youcantalkaboutitwithotherpeople.It'shelpfultotalkaboutyourangerwithaparentorateacher.Whenyoutalk,thosebadfeelingscanstarttogoaway.Herearesomeotherthingsyoucandowhenyoustarttofeelangry:talktoagoodfriend;countfrom1to100;givesomeoneasmile;goforabikeride;thinkaboutgoodthings,etc.Rememberthathowyouactwhenyouareangrycanmakethingsbetterorworse.Don'tletyourangercontrolyou.1）Youmaynotgetangrywhen___.A.thereistoomuchhomeworkonthisweekendB.yourfavoritebasketballteamwinsthegameC.afriendbreaksyourfavoritethingD.yourparentsdon'tletyouwatchTV（2）Fromthepassage,isNOTtruewhenyou'reangry.（3）Whenyouareangryyoucandoeverythingexcept.A.goforabikerideB.thinkaboutgoodthingsC.talktoagoodfriendD.saybadthingstothepeoplearoundyou4）Theunderlinedword"anger"inthepassagemeans___inChinese.A.氣憤B悲.傷C憂.慮D激.動【答案】（1）B2）D3）D4）A【解析】【解析】文章馬虎：文章表達(dá)了氣憤情緒是怎樣產(chǎn)生的，并介紹了戰(zhàn)勝氣憤情緒的方法。1）細(xì)節(jié)題。依照文章提到的Whenyourteachergivesyoutoomuchhomework,whenyourteamlosesanimportantgame,orwhenafriendborrowsyourfavoritetoyandthenbreaksit,youmaygetreallyangry可知，不會生氣的事情是當(dāng)最喜歡的球隊贏得了比賽，應(yīng)選B。2）細(xì)節(jié)題。依照文章提到的Forexample,youbreathefaster,yourfaceturnsred,andyoumaywanttobreaksomethingorhitsomeone.Butsometimesyouhideyouranger.Forexample,youmayhideitinyourheart.Theproblemisthatifyoudothis,youmaygetaheadacheoryourstomachmayhurt可知，當(dāng)你生氣的時候，你不會想著幫助他人，應(yīng)選D。3）細(xì)節(jié)題。依照文章提到的talktoagoodfriend;countfrom1to100;givesomeoneasmile;goforabikeride;thinkaboutgoodthings,可知除了不做向周圍人說不好的東西，應(yīng)選D。4）推斷題。依照文章提到的Infact,it'snotgoodtohideyouranger,andit'snormalforyoutogetangrysometimes可知，劃橫線的單詞的意義為氣憤，應(yīng)選A?！菊?wù)摗坑^察閱讀理解。本文涉及細(xì)節(jié)題、推斷題兩種?？碱}型，細(xì)節(jié)題要注意從文中搜尋答案；推斷題需要聯(lián)系上下文，推斷出需要的信息。13．閱讀理解Therearemillionsofstarsandplanetsinspace.What'sthedifferencebetweenstarsandplanets?Starscangiveoutheatandlight,butplanetscannot.Thesunisoneofthestars.Someplanetsareballsofrockandsomeareballsofgas.Weliveontheplanetearth.Theearthspinsaroundonceeverydaytogiveusdayandnight.Theearthgoesaroundthesunonceeveryyeartogiveusdifferentseasons.Thereareeightplanetsmovingaroundthesun.Wecallthefamilyofthesunanditsplanetsthesolarsystem.Mercuryisthenearesttothesun,soitisveryhot.Itisthesmallestplanet.（衛(wèi)星）anditisthebiggestandheaviestplanet.Saturnhasmorethan22moons.Theotherplanets,suchasUranusandNeptune,areallveryfarfromthesunandverycold.Weneedatelescope（望遠(yuǎn)鏡）toseethem.（1）Thesuncangiveus.（2）TheChinesemeaningof"spinaround"is.A.翱翔B行.駛C環(huán).繞D旋.轉(zhuǎn)（3）Theearthgoesaroundonceeveryyeartogiveusdifferentseasons.D.thesun（4）Marslooksredintheskybecause.A.itiscoveredwithorange-reddustandrocksB.ithasseasonsliketheearthC.itisthenearesttotheearthD.itiscoveredwithredwateranddust5）WhichisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Jupiteristhebiggestandheaviestplanet.B.Uranusisveryfarfromthesunandverycold.C.Therevolution（公轉(zhuǎn)）oftheearthgivesusdifferentseasons.D.WecallthefamilyofthesunanditsplanetstheMilkyWay.【答案】（1）B2）D3）D4）A5）D【解析】【解析】文章馬虎：介紹了太陽星系的基本構(gòu)成。1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依照文中的語句Starscangiveoutheatandlight,butplanetscannot.與Thesunisoneofthestars.理解可知，太陽是恒星，可以發(fā)熱與發(fā)光，應(yīng)選B。2）詞義理解題。依照文中的語句Theearthspinsaroundonceeverydaytogiveusdayandnight.地球每天旋轉(zhuǎn)一圈，給我們一天又一夜。理解可知，spin的含義是旋轉(zhuǎn)，應(yīng)選D。3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依照文中的語句Theearthgoesaroundthesunonceeveryyeartogiveusdifferentseasons.理解可知，地球每年繞太陽一周，給我們不相同的季節(jié)。應(yīng)選D。4）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依照文中的語句Marsiscoveredwithorange-reddesiandrocks,soitlookslikearedstarinthesky.理解可知，火星上覆蓋著橙紅色的德西和巖石，因此它看起來就像天空中的一顆紅星。應(yīng)選A。5）理解判斷題。依照文中的語句Thereareeightplanetsmovingaroundthesun.Wecallthefamilyofthesunanditsplanetsthesolarsystem.理解可知，我們稱太陽及其行星為太陽系。應(yīng)選D?！菊?wù)摗坑^察閱讀理解。本文觀察細(xì)節(jié)題，詞義推斷題，推理判斷題和主旨題等常考題型，細(xì)節(jié)題要注意從文中抓住要點詞搜尋答案；主旨題，詞義推斷題以及判斷題都需要通讀全文，認(rèn)識馬虎此后找出正確選項。14．閱讀理解"What!Youtoo?IthoughtIwastheonlyone."Haveyoueversaidthistosomeone?Ifso,youmayhaveendedupbecomingfriendswiththisperson.Itseemedthatsimilarityoftenhelpsformfriendships.TheGreekphilosopher（哲學(xué)家）Aristotleoncesaid,"Somedefine（下定義）friendshipasamatterofsimilarity.Theysaythatwelovethosewhoarelikeourselves."Now,thereissomesciencebehindthisidea.ScientistsfromUniversityofCaliforniasaidfriendshavesimilarbrains,ScientificAmericanreported.Thescientistsinvited42universitystudentstotakepartinanexperiment.Eachstudentwatchedthesamesetofvideos,whichincludedacomedy,adiscussionandasoccermatch.Meanwhile,scientistsstudiedtheirbrainsandrecordedtheirbrainactivity.Accordingtotheirstudy,friendswhowatchedthesamevideoclipsreactedinsimilarways.Similarpartsoftheirbrainslitupwhilewatchingthevideos,especiallypartsthatwereconnectedwithmotivation（動力），learningandmemory.However,peoplewhoweren'tfriendshaddifferentreactionstothesameclips."Havingclosefriendswhosebrainsreactlikeoursmayberewardingbecauseitmakesone'swonvalues,opinions,andinterestsstrength,"scientistCarolynParkinsontoldBusinessInsider.Butbrainsimilarityisnottheonlythingthatcanresultinfriendship.ScientistsfromtheUniversityofLeipzig,Germany,foundthatfriendshipisalsobasedonhowphysicallycloseyouaretosomeone.Theydidanexperimentwithfirst-yearcollegestudentswhometinclassforthefirsttime.Inthisexperiment,studentswhosatinneighbouringseatsweremorelikelytobecomefriends.1）Whatdoes"thisidea"inParagraph3referto?2）The42universitystudentsintheexperiment_____________.3）Whatdidthestudyofthestudents'brainsshow?4）Accordingtothestory,whatelsemayhelpbuildfriendship?A.BeingfunandhelpfulB.Studyingatthesamecollege.C.HavingsimilarappearancesD.Beingphysicallyclose.5）Thebesttitleofthepassageis"__________"A.Whatisfriendship

B.FriendscanthinkalikeC.Anexperimentaboutfriendship

D.Howcanwebuildfriendship【答案】（1）C（2）C（3）B（4）D（5）B【解析】【解析】這是一篇說明文，主要告訴我們相似的人也許距離較近的人更簡單成為朋友。1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題，依照Now,thereissomesciencebehindthisidea.ScientistsfromUniversityofCaliforniasaidfriendshavesimilarbrains,ScientificAmericanreported.現(xiàn)在，有一些科學(xué)背后的想法。據(jù)“科學(xué)美國人"報道，加州大學(xué)的科學(xué)家們說，朋友們也有近似的大腦，可知這里thisidea是指有相似之處的人可能會成為朋友，應(yīng)選C。2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題，依照Thescientistsinvited42universitystudentstotakepartinanexperiment.Eachstudentwatchedthesamesetofvideos,whichincludedacomedy,adiscussionandasoccermatch.科學(xué)家們邀請了42名大學(xué)生參加一項實驗。每個學(xué)生都觀看了相同的一組視頻，其中包括一部喜劇、一場談?wù)摵鸵粓鲎闱虮荣?，可知答案，?yīng)選C。3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題，依照Accordingtotheirstudy,friendswhowatchedthesamevideoclipsreactedinsimilarways.依照他們的研究，看過相同視頻片段的朋友也會有近似的反應(yīng)，可知答案，應(yīng)選B。4）細(xì)節(jié)理解題，依照ScientistsfromtheUniversityofLeipzig,Germany,foundthatfriendshipisalsobasedonhowphysicallycloseyoaretosomeone.德國萊比錫大學(xué)UniversityofLeipzig）的科學(xué)家們發(fā)現(xiàn)，友誼也是建立在身體上與某人有多親密的基礎(chǔ)上的，和Inthisexperiment,studentswhosatinneighbouringseatsweremorelikelytobecomefriends.在這個實驗中，坐在相鄰座位上的學(xué)生更有可能成為朋友，可知坐得近的學(xué)生更可能成為朋友，應(yīng)選D。5）主旨馬虎題，結(jié)合文章馬虎主要表達(dá)的是相似經(jīng)常有助于建立友誼，希臘哲學(xué)家（哲學(xué)家）亞里士多德以前說過，有些人把友誼定義為相似之處。他們說我們愛那些和我們相同的人?？芍笥芽梢杂邢嗤南敕?，應(yīng)選B。【談?wù)摗坑^察閱讀理解能力，細(xì)節(jié)理解題要在文章中找到原句和細(xì)節(jié)，選出正確答案；主旨馬虎題要掌握文章馬虎，認(rèn)識作者的寫作妄圖，找到要點詞，選出最正確答案。15．閱讀理解Alittlegirlhadadoll.Sheloveditsomuchthatshewouldtreatitwithgreatcare,eventhoughherfriendswouldlaughatherforbeingsocareful.Astimepassed,thegirlgrewup,movedhouses,becameanadult,gotmarried,hadchildren,andfinallybecamealovelylittleoldwomanwithmanygrandchildren.withherandgaveittohergranddaughter.Hergranddaughterlovedit.Eachtimetheoldwomansawhergranddaughterplaywiththedoll,tears（眼淚）ofjoywouldrolldownhercheeks（臉頰）.Shewassogladtoseethatitwasinthehandsofhergranddaughter.1）Whenthewomanwasalittlegirl,shehada______andsheloveditsomuch.D.ball2）Thosefriendslaughedatherbecauseshe______.3）Whentheoldwomanfoundherdoll,________.4）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"original"meaninthethirdparagraph?A.豪華的B.原來的C.新建的D.木質(zhì)的5）Whenevertheoldwomansawhergranddaughterplaywiththedoll,shewould________.A.feelverygladandjoyfulB.thinkofheroldfriendsC.wanttobuyhergranddaughteranewdollD.wishtogobacktoherhometownagain【答案】（1）B2）C3）D4）B5）A【解析】【解析】本文表達(dá)了一位老太太和她小時候玩的娃娃的故事。1）細(xì)節(jié)題。依照Alittlegirlhadadoll可知女人是個小姑娘時，她有一個娃娃并且很喜歡它，應(yīng)選B。2）細(xì)節(jié)題。依照Sheloveditsomuchthatshewouldtreatitwithgreatcare,eventhoughherfriendswouldlaughatherforbeingsocareful可知那些朋友諷刺她，因為她對她的洋娃娃很小心，應(yīng)選C。（3）細(xì)節(jié)題。依照shefoundherdoll.Itwasaswelllookedafterasbefore的洋娃娃。它和以前相同碰到了很好的照顧，應(yīng)選D。

可知，她找到了她4）詞義猜想題。依照shereturnedtoherhometown,foundheroriginalhouse,andwentin可知她返回家鄉(xiāng)，自然發(fā)現(xiàn)了原來的老房子，故original是原來的意思，應(yīng)選B。5）推理題。依照Eachtimetheoldwomansawhergranddaughterplaywiththedoll,tearsofjoywouldrolldownhercheeks.Shewassogladtoseethatitwasinthehandsofhergranddaughter可知每當(dāng)老太太看到孫女和娃娃玩的時候，她會感覺特別快樂和快樂。故A?！菊?wù)摗坑^察閱讀理解。本文涉及細(xì)節(jié)題、推斷題，詞義猜想題3種?？碱}型，細(xì)節(jié)題要注意從文中搜尋答案；推斷題需要聯(lián)系上下文，推斷出需要的信息，詞義猜想題需要依照上下文提煉相關(guān)信息鎖定詞意。16．閱讀理解Developinghealthyeatinghabitsstartsfromchildhood,thereforeitisimportantforparentstoteachandprovidechildrenwithahealthydiet.DPHSSadministratoroftheBureauofNutritionServices,CharlieMorrissaid,"Ahealthydietforachildalwaysincludesalotoffruitsandvegetablesinthedietlimitingtheamountofsimplesugarsinthedietandhighfatfoodandhighlyprocessed*food."Thismeansstayingawayasmuchaspossiblefromfoodsuchaschips,cookies,candiesandsu