羅斯準則及Jury準則

1、附錄E代數方程根的分布的判別法E1勞斯準則為判斷/As)極點位置，需求解其分母多項式人之根。此工作往往十分麻煩，尤其是求高次方程的根更困難。因此，希望應用一種不需耍求解方程而乂能直接判斷系統函數H(s)的極點是否全部位丁左半s平面的方法。1877年，勞斯(Routh)首先提出一種判斷代數方程根的方法，不必解方程就可以知道它包含有多少個具有正實部的根。設A(s)=ansn+3+a0則方程A(s)=0的根全部位于左半s平而的充耍條件是：多項式的全部系數$都是正數，無缺項，即勞斯準則的必耍條件；勞斯陣列中第一列數字符號相同，即勞斯準則的充分條件。所謂“勞斯陣列”之排寫規(guī)則如下：第1行5e-4-第2行

2、%-5第3行G,-iJC“-5-第4行-35第5行匕-3S-5陣列中，前2行元素直接由A(s)多項式之系數構成。第1行的元素是4(s)多項式的第一、第三、第五項的系數。第2行的元素是A(s)多項式的第二、第四、第六項的系數。第3行以后的元素按以下規(guī)律計算丄”ah-5丄”ah-5依此類推，共得S+1)行，且最后兩行都只耍一個元素。如果勞斯陣列第1列各元素的符號不盡相同，則符號改變的次數即為方程A(s)=0具有正393 因果信號(causalsignal)疊加性(superpositionproperty)均勻性(homogeneity)積分(integnil)輸入-輸出描述法(inpi】t-oi

3、】tpi】tanalysis)狀態(tài)變量描述法(statevanableanalysis)單輸入單輸岀系統(smgle-inputandsmgle-outputsystem)狀態(tài)方程(stateequation)輸出方程(outputequation)多輸入多輸岀系統(miilh-inpiitandmulti-outputsystem)時域分析法(timedomainmethod)變換域分析法(tiansfbnndomainmethod)卷積(convolution)傅里葉變換(Founeitransform)拉普拉斯變換(Laplacetransform)第2章齊次解(homogeneouss

4、olution)特解(particulafsolution)特征方程(charactensticfunction)特征根(characteiisticroot)固有(自由)解(naturalsolution)強迫解(forcedsolution)起始條件(originalcondition)初始條件(initialcondition)|H由響應(natumlresponse)強迫響應(forcedresponse)零輸入響應(zeio-iiiputresponse)零狀態(tài)響應(zeio-stateresponse)沖激響應(impulseresponse)階躍響應(stepresponse)卷

5、積積分(convolutionintegral)交換律(exchangelaw)分配律(distributelaw)結合律(combinelaw)頻譜(fiequencyspectnun)頻域(fiequencydomain)三角形式的傅里葉級數(tngononutricFounersenes)指數形式的傅里葉級數(exponentialFourierseries)傅里葉系數(Fouriercoefficient)H流分量(directcomposition)基波分最(fxmdamentalcomposition)n次諧波分量(/thharmoniccomponent)復振幅(complexa

6、mplitude)頻譜圖(spectrumplot(diagram)幅度譜(amplitudespectnun)相位譜(phasespectrum)包絡(envelop)離散性(discietepiopeitv)諧波性(hamionicpiroperty)收斂性(conveigencepiopeny)奇諧函數(oddharmomcfunction)吉伯斯現象(Gibbsphenomenon)(periodicrectangularpulsesignal)(penodicsawtoothpulsesignal)(penodictiiangularpulsesignal)(penodichalfc

7、osinesignal)(periodicfull-cosmesignal)(inverseFouneitiansfoim)(spectnundensityfiinction)(single-sidedexponentialsignal)(two-sidedexponentialsignal)周期矩形脈沖信號周期鋸齒脈沖信號周期三角脈沖信號周期半波余弦信號周期全波余弦信號傅里葉逆變換頻譜密度函數單邊指數信號雙邊指數信號對稱矩形脈沖信號(synmietiyrectangularpulsesignal)線性(lineality)對稱性(symmetry)對偶性(periodicrectangula

8、rpulsesignal)(penodicsawtoothpulsesignal)(penodictiiangularpulsesignal)(penodichalfcosinesignal)(periodicfull-cosmesignal)(inverseFouneitiansfoim)(spectnundensityfiinction)(single-sidedexponentialsignal)(two-sidedexponentialsignal)時移特性(time-shifting)頻移特性(frequency-shifting)調制定理(modulationtheorem)調制(

9、modulation)解調(demodulation)變步頁(fiequencyconveision)尺度變換特性(scalmg)微分與積分特性(differentiationandmtegiation)時域微分特性(differentiationinthetimedomain)時域積分特性(mtegiationinthetimedomaui)頻域微分特性(diffeientiationinthefiequencydomam)頻域積分特性(mtegiationinthefiequencydomain)卷積定理(convolutiontheorem)時域卷積定理(convolutiontheor

10、eminthetunedomain)頻域卷積定理(convolutiontheoremmthefiequencydomain)取樣信號(samplmgsignal)矩形脈沖取樣(lectangularpulsesampling)自然取樣(natuiesamplmg)沖激取樣(impulsesampling)理想取樣(idealsampling)取樣定理(samplmgtheorem)調制信號(modulationsignal)載波信號(earnersignal)已調制信號(modulatedsignal)模擬調制(analogmodulation)數字調制(digitalmodulation)

11、連續(xù)波調制(continuouswavemodulation)脈沖調制(pulsemodulation)幅度調制(amplitudemodulation)頻率調制(frequencymodulation)相位調制(phasemodulation)角度調制(anglemodulation)頻分多路復用(frequency-divisionmultiplex(FDM)時分多路復用(tune-divisionmultiplex(TDM)相干(同步)解調(syncluonousdetection)本地載波(localearner)系統函數(systemfiinction)網絡函數(networkfii

12、nction)頻響特性(frequencyresponse)幅頻特性(amplitudefiequencyresponse)相頻特性(phasefiequencyresponse)無失真?zhèn)鬏?distonionlesstransmission)理想低通濾波器(ideallow-passfilter)截止頻率(cutofffiequency)正弦積分(sinemtegral)Jb升時間(usetime)窗函數(windowhmction)理想帶通濾波器(idealband-passfilter)第4章代數方程(algebraicequation)雙邊拉普拉斯變換(twosidedLaplacet

13、iansform)雙邊拉普拉斯逆變換(inversetwosidedLaplacetfansfomi)單邊拉普拉斯變換(smgle-sidedLaplacetransfonn)拉普拉斯逆變換(inverseLaplacetiansform)收斂域(legionofconvergence(ROC)延時特性(timedelay)s域平移特性(sluftinginthes-domain)s域微分特性(diffeiemiationmthes-domaui)s域積分特性(mtegiationinthes-domain)初值定理(initial-valuetheorem)終值定理(expuation-va

14、lue)復頻域卷積定理(convolutiontheoreminthecomplexfiequencydomain)部分分式展開法(paitialfiactionexpansion)留數法(residuemethod)第5章策動點函數(dnvingfunction)轉移函數(tiansfeifiuiction)極點(pole)零點(zeio)零極點圖(zero-poleplot)暫態(tài)響應(transientresponse)穩(wěn)態(tài)響應(stableresponse)穩(wěn)定系統(stablesystem)一階系統(firstordersystem)高通濾波網絡(high-lowfiltei)低通濾波

15、網絡(low-passfilter)二階系統(secondsystem)最小相移系統(nuiuinum-phasesystem)維納濾波器(WmneMl血)卡爾曼濾波器(Kalmanfilter)低通(low-pass)高通(highpass)帶通(band-pass)帶阻(band-stop)有源(active)無源(passive)模擬(analog)數字(digital)通帶(pass-band)阻帶(stop-band)佩利一維納準則(Palev-Wumercritenon)最佳逼近(optunumapproximation)過渡帶(traiisition-band)通帶公差帶(tol

16、enmceband)巴特沃茲濾波器(Buttenvorthfilter)切比雪夫濾波器(Chebyshewfilter)方框圖(blockdiagram)信號流圖(signalflowgraph)節(jié)點(node)支路(branch)輸入節(jié)點(sourcenode)輸出節(jié)點(sinknode)混合節(jié)點(mixnode)通路(path)開通路(openpath)閉通路(closepath)環(huán)路(loop)自環(huán)路(self-loop)環(huán)路增益(loopgain)不接觸環(huán)路(disconnectloop)前向通路(forwardpath)前向通路增益(fonvardpathgain)梅森公式(Maso

17、nformula)勞斯準則(Routhciitenon)第6章數字系統(digitalsystem)數字信號處理(digitalsignalprocessmg)差分方程(differenceequation)單位樣值響應(unitsampleresponse)卷積和(convolutionsum)Z變換(Ztransfonn)序列(sequence)樣值(sample)單位樣值信號(unitsamplesignal)單位階躍序列(unitstepsequence)矩形序列(lectangiilaisequence)單邊實指數序列(singlesidedrealexponentialsequen

18、ce)單邊正弦序歹U(singlesidedexponentialsequence)斜邊序列dampsequence)復指數序列(complexexponentialsequence)線性時不變離散系統(lmeartune-invariantdiscrete-tunesystem)常系數線性差分方程(linealconstant-coefficientdifferenceequation)后向差分方程(backwarddiflerenceequation)前向差分方程(fonvarddifferenceequation)海諾塔(TowerofHanoi)菲波納西(Fibonacci)沖激函數串

19、(impulsetiain)第7章數字濾波器(digitalfilter)單邊Z變換(smgle-sidedZtiansfonn)雙邊Z變換(two-sided(bilateral)Ztiansfoim)幕級數(poweiseries)收斂(conveigence)有界序列(limitary-amplitudesequence)正項級數(positiveseiies)有限長序列(limitary-durationsequence)右邊序列(nghtsidedsequence)左邊序列(lefbsidedsequence)雙邊序列(two-sidedsequence)Z逆變換(inveiseZtiansfonn)ffil線積分法(contourintegialmethod)幕級數展開法(poweiseriesexpansion)z域微分(diffeientiationinthez-domain)序列指數加權(multi