Active-vs-Passive-Voice-Mrs-Sullivan-English-：主動與被動語態(tài)英語-沙利文夫人課件

1、Active vs. Passive VoiceDeveloped by Jeniffer ViscarraActive vs. Passive VoiceWhy should writers think about their verbs?“Verbs are the most important of all your tools. They push the sentence forward and give it momentum. Active verbs push hard; passive verbs tug fitfully.”- William Zinsser, On Wri

2、ting WellWhy should writers think aboutWhat is Active Voice?In the Active voice, the subject performs the action.For example:Joseph draws a picture.Joseph is the subject and he is doing something (drawing).What is Active Voice?In the AcWhat is passive voice?In passive voice the subject is acted upon

3、.For example:The picture was drawn by Joseph.In this case, the drawing is the subject and it is being acted upon by Joseph.What is passive voice?In passiWhen to use passive voiceUse passive voice when you do not wish to emphasize the subject of the sentence.Example:Smoking is prohibited. (passive)Th

4、e management prohibits smoking. (active)The passive sentence takes attention away from management, so they do not have to be in the role of the “bad guys.”When to use passive voiceUse pPassive Voice (cond)Also use passive voice when you wish to emphasize what happened and the person or thing acting

5、is unknown or unimportant.ExamplePoisonous gases were found in six factories.The use of passive emphasizes the finding of gases, not who found them.Note: Because passive voice often leads to awkward or wordy constructions, use passive voice sparingly and with good reason.Passive Voice (cond)Also use

6、 When to use active voiceUse active voice unless you are required or have very specific reasons for doing otherwise. Active voice generally leads to more concise writing. It clarifies who is performing the action.Remember: Staying active is a healthy practice, especially in your writing!When to use

7、active voiceUse acHow to avoid passive voiceMany English verbs have been changed into useful nouns with the use of a suffix. Announce announcementPropose - proposalDepart departureMeet meeting For active voice sentences use the verb instead of the noun form of these kinds of words.How to avoid passi

8、ve voiceManyRewrite the following sentences by changing nouns to verbs.The two scientists could not arrive at a conclusion on anything.They held discussions on several topics.However, neither could put forth a proposal for a plan. They only made a translation of previous studies. Rewrite the followi

9、ng sentencePossible AnswersThe two scientists could not conclude anything.They discussed several topics.However, neither proposed a plan.They only translated previous studies.Possible AnswersThe two scientChanging From Passive to Active VoiceThe seeds were scattered by Jessica.A healthy harvest is e

10、xpected by Jessica and her father.Another way of preserving active voice is by placing the noun/s doing the action before the verb. Try it!Changing From Passive to ActivAnswersJessica scattered the seeds.Jessica and her father expected a healthy harvest.AnswersJessica scattered the sAvoid forms of t

11、he verb to beAll passives consist of a form of the verb to be (am, is, are, was, were, being, been) plus a past participle. Example: The boy was impressed by Ms. Jones. A past participle is the ed form of regular verbs for irregular verbs: en, n, t) and can fill the empty slot in this sentence: “I h

12、ad _ it.” Avoid forms of the verb to beARevise by avoiding to be verbsHouses were destroyed by the storm.The cake was eaten by me.Inexpensive ways for people to have fun are provided by parks.Oxygen was discovered in 1774 by Joseph Priestley.A kitten was chosen by the family to have as a pet.Revise

13、by avoiding to be verbsPossible AnswersThe storm destroyed housesI ate the cake.Parks provide inexpensive fun.Joseph Priestley discovered oxygen in 1774.The family chose a kitten as a pet. Possible AnswersThe storm destSummaryUse active voice unless specified otherwise.Make sure the subject is acting and not being acted upon.Use the verb form of words with suffixesPlace subjects in front of the action they perform (this often eliminates to be verbs) Avoid to be forms of verbs SummaryUse active voice unlessWorks consultedEbest, Sally Barr and Charles T. Brusaw. Writing from A to Z. Mountain