高教版ESAP旅游英語教程-電子教案Unit10-課件

1、Unit 10 MANAGING PEOPLE AND MONEYUnit 10 Skills focusReadingrecognizing the writers stance and level of confidence or tentativenessinferring implicit ideasWritingwriting situationproblemsolutionevaluation essaysusing direct quotationsCompiling a bibliography/ reference listVocabulary focusneutral an

2、d marked wordsjob titles (management/supervisory)fixed phrases from business managementfixed phrases from academic EnglishSkills focusVocabulary focus10.1 Vocabulary10.2 Reading10.3 Extending skills10.4 Extending skills10.1 Vocabulary10.2 Reading10.A Study the words in box a.10.1 Vocabulary1 Use you

3、r dictionary to find out the meanings.2 What part of speech is each word?WordPart of speechMeaning/synonymadoptcommitmentcorporate empowerenhanceimplementoperationalv (T)start using, take upn (C)an agreement, an obligationadjrelating to a (large) companyv (T)give someone more controlv (T)improvev (T

4、), n (C)(v) put into effect(n) tooladjrelating to the day-to-day management of a business or other organizationA Study the words in box a.10A Study the words in box a.10.1 Vocabulary1 Use your dictionary to find out the meanings.2 What part of speech is each word?WordPart of speechMeaning/synonymper

5、formproductivity strategictacticalv (I, T)1. do something (well)2. work or function3. entertain people (e.g., in a play)n (U)efficiency in terms of how quickly goods are produced or services are providedadjrelating to the long-term needs of an organizationadjrelating to the medium- or short-term nee

6、ds of an organizationA Study the words in box a.101 Use your dictionary or another source to check the meanings of the highlighted phrases.2 Which are the stressed syllables in each phrase?B Read the Hadford University handout.10.1 VocabularySee Vocabulary bank.1 Use your dictionary or anothMake sur

7、e you understand these key phrases from finance.top-down management styleprocess-oriented management stylestrategic decisiontactical decisionoperational decisionbusiness strategybusiness interestslong-termRecognizing fixed phrases from tourism and hospitality studies (3)Vocabulary bankMake sure you

8、understand theseMake sure you understand these key phrases from finance.medium-termshort-termhuman resourcesmanagement teamsenior managerline manageremployee involvementRecognizing fixed phrases from tourism and hospitality studies (3)Vocabulary bankMake sure you understand theseB Read the Hadford U

9、niversity handout.10.1 Vocabulary1 Use your dictionary or another source to check the meanings of the highlighted cess-orientedoperating systemsperformance-driventop-downbusiness interestsemployee involvementhuman resourceslong-termfocused on processes, regulations, structuresthe systems

10、(organizational structures, rules, etc.) a companyworks byfocused on people delivering resultsdecisions are taken by a management team and handed down to the workersthe interests of a companythe degree to which employees are involved in decision makingthe employees of a companyfocused on results ove

11、r a longer period of timeB Read the Hadford University 2 Which are the stressed syllables in each phrase?B Read the Hadford University handout.10.1 Vocabularyprocess-orientedoperating systemsperformance-driventop-downbusiness interestsemployee involvementhuman resourceslong-termOo OoooOooo OooOo Ooo

12、OOo OooOo oOoOo oOo (BrE)Oo Ooo (AmE)Oo2 Which are the stressed sylla10.1 VocabularyC Look at the pictures on the opposite page.1 Who are the people in each picture? What kind of organization do they work for?2 Describe which role in the organization these people fulfil.These people all work in/for

13、a hotel.1 front office supervisor2 food and beverages manager3 executive chef4 financial controller5 executive housekeeper6 maintenance manager10.1 VocabularyC Look at the 10.1 VocabularyC Look at the pictures on the opposite page.3 Indicate where they would be on the organization chart.financial co

14、ntrollerfood and bev managerexecutive chefmaintenance managerexecutive housekeeperfront office supervisor10.1 VocabularyC Look at the 10.1 VocabularyD Study the words in box b.1 Check the meanings, parts of speech and stress patterns.2 Put the words into the correct box in the table below, as in the

15、 example.See Vocabulary bank.NeutralMarkedrise, increaserocket, soar (v)fall, decreasebig, largegoodsmall10.1 VocabularyD Study the woMany common words in English are neutral, i.e., they do not imply any view on the part of the writer or speaker. However, there are often apparent synonyms which are

16、marked.They show attitude, or stance.Examples:Occupancy rates rose by 10% last year. (neutral)Occupancy rates soared by 10% last year.(marked)Soared is marked because it implies that this is a particularly big or fast increase.Recognizing marked wordsVocabulary bankMany common words in English aWhen

17、 you read a sentence, think: Is this a neutral word, or is it a marked word? If it is marked, what does this tell me about the writers attitude to the information?When you write a sentence, think: Have I used neutral words or marked words? If I have used marked words, do they show my real attitude/t

18、he attitude of the original writer?Recognizing marked wordsVocabulary bankWhen you read a sentence, thinExtend your vocabulary by learning marked words and their exact effect.Examples:Recognizing marked wordsVocabulary bankNeutralMarkedgo down, fall, decreaseslump, plummetsay, stateassert, maintain,

19、 claim, argue, allegegoodgreat, brilliant, tremendousExtend your vocabulary by lear10.1 VocabularyD Study the words in box b.1 Check the meanings, parts of speech and stress patterns.2 Put the words into the correct box in the table below, as in the example.NeutralMarkedrise, increaserocket, soar (v

20、)fall, decreasebig, largegoodsmallcollapse (v and n), plummet (v), slump (v and n)enormous, huge, massive, significant, tremendous* (adj)brilliant, fantastic, great, outstanding, superb, tremendous*(adj)insignificant, minimal, minor (adj)* Tremendous can mean both very large and very good, so it may

21、 be placed in either category.10.1 VocabularyD Study the wo10.1 VocabularyE Read the extract from a chairmans letter to shareholders.1 Use a marked word in place of each of the italic (neutral) words.risinglargegoodfallsoaring/rocketingfantastic/superb/tremendousenormous/huge/massivecollapse/slump10

22、.1 VocabularyE Read the ext10.1 VocabularyE Read the extract from a chairmans letter to shareholders.See Skills bank.2 Look at the bold phrases. How strong or confident are they?10.1 VocabularyE Read the extIn an academic context, writers will usually indicate the level of confidence in information

23、they are giving. When you read a fact in a text, look for qualifying words before it, whichshow the level of confidence.Examples:It appears to be the case that /This suggests that (tentative)The evidence shows that /It is clear that (definite /confident)Recognizing levels of confidence in research o

24、r informationVocabulary bankIn an academic context, writer10.1 VocabularyE Read the extract from the Cheapco chairmans letter to shareholders.2 Look at the bold phrases. How strong are they?Very confidentFairly confidentTentative ( = not confident)Its generally accepted now thatIts fair to say thatW

25、e may start to introduce changesYou can be confident, however, that10.1 VocabularyE Read the extA Study the sentence on the right. Each phrase inbox a could go in the space. What effect wouldeach one have on the base meaning? Mark from* = (very confident to) * = (very tentative).10.2 Reading*A Study

26、 the sentence on the r1 What will the text be about?2 Write three research questions.B Survey the text on the opposite page.10.2 Reading1 What will the text be about?C Read the text. Does it answer your questions?10.2 ReadingC Read the text. Does it answe1 What level of decision-making is involved w

27、hen a company decides to merge with another?Strategic.2 A tour operator decides to try to buy extra rooms for one season only. What kind of aim is this?Medium-term/tactical.3 What is the opposite of a top-down management style?Bottom-up.D Answer these questions.10.2 Reading1 What level of decision-m

28、akin4 What reason does Murphy give for the need for good management?To ensure that any tourism product is both accepted by the community and profitable/competitive.5 What does Page believe is the main objective of most tourism producers?Profit.6 What is Leipers case study an example of?Empowerment m

29、anagement strategy.7 Who has to change in Buhalis and Costas transformations?Everyone (workers and managers).D Answer these questions.10.2 Reading4 What reason does Murphy giveE Find the phrases in box b in the text.Is the writer confident (C) or tentative (T) aboutthe information which follows?10.2

30、 ReadingIt is obvious, therefore, that successful businesses have to be good at finding sources of finance.Many writers seem to agree that a difference should be made between internal and external sources.It appears to be the case, then, that raising finance is one among several problems that small

31、businesses face. many writers have claimed that banks are very positive in offering help to small entrepreneurs the evidence does not support this belief. a recent survey has found that business start-ups experience considerable difficulty in this area. much of the data suggests that James Coopers e

32、xperience was typical rather than unusual CTTTCCTE Find the phrases in box b in1 Underline the marked words.F Look at the writers description of thedevelopment of Wal-Mart (paragraph 6).10.2 ReadingHowever, even very large companies nearly always start out small, as can be seen in Wal-Marts astonish

33、ing development from an insignificant cut-price chain store business in the southern USA to gigantic global retailer. Ortega (1998) describes how Sam Walton, the founder, and his wife had to scrape the money together themselves for their first Wal-Mart store in the 1960s. Later, Walton could only ob

34、tain enough funds to build 15 Wal-Mart stores. By 1970, however, Wal-Mart stock was being offered on the New York Stock Exchange;with the capital raised Walton succeeded in expanding the business to 276 stores. At the end of the 1980s, there were nearly 1,400 stores generating sales of $26 billion (

35、Wal-Mart, n.d.). In 2007, Wal-Mart could boast a turnover of over $300 billion._1 Underline the marked words.F2 What does the choice of these words tell you about the writers opinion of Wal-Mart?The choice of words emphasizes the dramatic development of Wal-Mart and gives the impression that the wri

36、ter is impressed by it.F Look at the writers description of thedevelopment of Wal-Mart (paragraph 6).10.2 Reading2 What does the choice of thes3 Find neutral words to use in their place.F Look at the writers description of thedevelopment of Wal-Mart (paragraph 6).10.2 ReadingMarked wordNeutral alter

37、nativeastonishinginsignificantcut-pricegiganticscrape the money togethersucceeded (in)boastsuccessful, rapidsmallcheaplargefind, supply, put upexpandedreport, announce3 Find neutral words to use inG Study the example sentence on the right, andthen sentences A and B.10.2 Reading1 Divide sentences A a

38、nd B into small parts, as in the example sentence.2 Underline any joining words (e.g., conjunctions).See Skills bank.G Study the example sentence oLong sentences contain many separate parts. You must be able to recognize these parts to understand the sentence as a whole. Mark up a long sentence as f

39、ollows:Locate the subjects, verbs and objects/complements by underlining the relevant nouns, adjectives and verbs.Put a dividing line:at the end of a phrase which begins a sentencebefore a phrase at the end of the sentencebetween clausesPut brackets round extra pieces of information.Identifying the

40、parts of a long sentenceSkills bankLong sentences contain many seExample:In recent years many writers have claimed that high street banks are very positive in offering help to small entrepreneurs, but the evidence has not supported this belief for a significant period of time.In recent years | many

41、writers have claimed | that high street banks are very positive in offering help to small entrepreneurs, | but the evidence has not supported this belief | (for a significant period of time).Identifying the parts of a long sentenceSkills bankExample:Identifying the parts A Short-term capital | needs

42、 to be repaid | over a short period, | whereas | long-term capital, |which | a company | needs | in order to expand,| will normally be paid back | over a number of years.G Study the example sentence on the right, andthen sentences A and B.10.2 Reading1 Divide sentences A and B into small parts, as i

43、n the example sentence.2 Underline any joining words (e.g., conjunctions).B Thus, much of the data | suggests | that | James Coopers experience | was | typical rather than unusual, | and | the suspicion | that | high streetbanks | are | often cautious in lending money to small businesses | appears t

44、o be borne out | in reality.A Short-term capital | needs tG Study the example sentence on the right, andthen sentences A and B.10.2 Reading3 Find the subjects, verbs, objects/complements and adverbial phrases which go together.Subject phrasesVerb phrasesObject/complementAdverbial phrasesshort-term c

45、apitalneeds to be repaid over a short periodlong-term capitalwill normally be paid backover a number of yearsa companyneedswhich ( = long-term capital)in order to expandAG Study the example sentence oG Study the example sentence on the right, andthen sentences A and B.10.2 Reading3 Find the subjects

46、, verbs, objects/complements and adverbial phrases which go together.Subject phrasesVerb phrasesObject/complementAdverbial phrasesmuch of the datasuggestsJames Coopers experience was typical rather than unusual,James Coopers experiencewastypical rather than unusual,the suspicionappears to be borne o

47、utin realitybanksareoften cautious in lending money to small businessesbankslend(ing)money to small businessesBG Study the example sentence oA Capital needs to be repaid. Short-term capital needs to be repaid over ashort period. A company needs long-term capital in order to expand.Long-term capital

48、will normally be paid back over a number of years.G Study the example sentence on the right, andthen sentences A and B.10.2 Reading4 Make several short simple sentences which show the meaning.B James Coopers experience was typical. The data suggests something.The data suggests that James Coopers exp

49、erience was typical. There is a suspicion. This suspicion is borne out in reality. Banks are cautious. Banks lend money to businesses. Banks are cautious in lending money. Banks are cautious in lending money to small businesses.Possible sentences:A Capital needs to be repaid. A Read the three essay

50、questions. What typesof essay are they?1 Compare the methods a company might use to raise short- and long-term finance.10.3 Extending skills2 Explain from a financial viewpoint how some of the main sources of income and funding might help a company to achieve its goals.3 Describe, with some actual e

51、xamples, the financial problems faced by small business start-ups. Consider how small businesses can best solve these difficulties.Comparison, plus some evaluation.Analysis.Description, then comparison and evaluation/argument/opinion, plus supportA Read the three essay questioB Look at text A on the

52、 opposite page. Copyand complete Table 1.10.3 Extending skillsSituationProblemSolutionsSarah Stoppard started a small business in 2002 (note that she needed finance, once at the start + again when she wanted to expand)her bank would not give her a loan (both when she started her business and when sh

53、e wanted to expand)overdraft arrangementgovernment start-up loanborrowing from familyB Look at text A on the opposiC Look at text B on the opposite page. Copyand complete Table 2.10.3 Extending skillsSolutionArgument forArgument againstsell equity to a venture capitalisthe investor may give useful a

54、dvicethe business owner will lose some of the profitC Look at text B on the opposiD Look again at the solutions in Exercise B(Table 1). What are their possible advantagesand disadvantages?10.3 Extending skillsAdvantagesDisadvantagesoverdraft arrangementgovernment start-up loanborrowing from familyea

55、sy access flexible for day to-day payments negotiableshort-termsmall amountsexpensivenot possible for major capital investmenteasy accesslow interestsmall amountsfilling in forms to get the loannot suitable for long-term or major capital investmenteasy accessinformal (no form filling)small amountssh

56、ort-termpersonal: could cause family problemsdepends on family financeD Look again at the solutions E Read the title of essay 3 on page 81 again.10.3 Extending skills1 Make a plan for this essay.IntroductionExamples of ideasintroduce the topic area give the outline of the essaysmall businesses many

57、difficulties when starting upIn this essay, I will discuss financial difficulties I will illustrate/describe (examples)I will consider (solutions)BodyPara 1: situation/problemssmall businesses financing problemsPara 2: problems (specific examples)examples of cases: James Cooper/ Sarah Stoppard/ Sam

58、WaltonPara 3: solutions1. overdraft with bank 2. trade credit (suppliers) 3. government small business loan 4. family 5. private investorPara 4: evaluations of solutionsfirst 4 types of funds fairly easy to obtain but (i) short-term, (ii) small amounts of money, (iii) bank overdrafts = expensiveConc

59、lusionIn my view/As I see it, the best option is because Firstly Secondly Thirdly E Read the title of essay 3 onE Read the title of essay 3 on page 81 again.10.3 Extending skills2 Write a topic sentence for each paragraph in the body of the essay.Para 1Para 2Para 3Para 4One of the most serious areas

60、 of difficulty which small businesses face is how to raise enough money to begin the business.There are many example cases which illustrate the financial difficulties faced by business start-ups.There are a number of solutions available to small entrepreneurs.All of these solutions have a number of