人教版中考英語復習介詞（時間介詞、方位方位介詞） 學案

1、課題： 介詞課時：2學生： 授課老師：教學目標介詞（時間介詞、方位/方位介詞）重點難點方位介詞一、單詞meet、match、practice、parent、basketball、piano、tennis 、international、university、hospital、manager、family、her、dictionary、library、right、dining hall、some、any、many、people、aunt、have、him、make、healthy、fruit、potato、tomato、favourite、unhealthy二、介詞1.時間介詞基本用法例子at多用

2、于具體的時刻前，也可用于固定搭配中at 7 oclockat noonin用于表示一段時間，或用于年、月、世紀、四季或泛指一天的上午、下午、晚上等，還可以用于表示“從現(xiàn)在起，多長時間以后或多久以后”in the 21th centuryin springin an houron主要用于日期、星期幾、具體某一天的早上、中午、晚上或節(jié)日前on Mid-Autumn Dayon June 1stsince指從某時一直延續(xù)至今，后接時間點，句子用完成時He has studied English since 2000.from說明開始的時間，謂語可用過去、現(xiàn)在、將來的某種事態(tài)From now on,

3、I will learn English in the mornings.for指動作延續(xù)貫穿整個過程，后接時間段I have studied English for six years.after1）表示在以過去為起點的某一段時間之后，可用于一般過去時2）與時間點連用可表示在將來某個時間之后They finished the work after 2 years.I will ring you up after 2 oclock.until1）用于否定句中表示“直到才”，其前的謂語動詞多用書劍動詞；2）用在肯定句中，表示“直到為止”，其前的謂語動詞需用延續(xù)性動詞I didnt go to b

4、ed until my mother came home.I waited for my mother until she came home.by“by+時間點”表示“到為止”，如果by后加“將來的時間點”應用一般將來時；如果by后跟一個過去的時間點應用過去完成時We had learned 1000 English words by the end of last term.during“during+時間段”與延續(xù)性動詞連用表示某期間的動作He lives with us during these years.before表示時間，后接時間點，表示“在之前”Please bring yo

5、ur homework before ten oclock.2.方位介詞基本用法例子at用在較小的地點前at the bus stopin用在較大的地點前in Chinaon表示“在上面”，強調表面接觸Look at the book on the desk.over表示“在正上方”，表示垂直在上There is a bridge over the river.above指“在上面”，屬于斜上方Raise your arms above your head.below表示“在下面”。不一定有垂直在下之意The coat reaches below the knees.under表示“在正下方”

6、There are many bikes under the tree.in front of表示“在前面 ”（范圍外）There are some trees in front of the classroom.in the front of表示“在前部”（范圍內）Our teacher usually sits in the front of the classroom.before所表示的位置關系和in front of 用用，表示“在前面”He sits before/in front of me.behind表示“在后面”，是in the front of 的反義詞Dont hide

7、 behind the tree.at the back of表示“在后部”，是in the front of 的反義短語There is a blackboard at the back of our classroom.by表示“在旁邊”，與beside同義We live by the river.beside“在旁邊”，強調靠近Whos that boy beside the girl?near“在附近”，距離比by和next to遠Is there a hospital near here?next to“緊鄰，在旁邊”，相當于close toThe boy next to her i

8、s my classmate.between“在之間”，強調兩者之間或眾多事物的“兩兩之間”You must choose one between her and me.among“在之間”，表示“在三者或三者以上之間”He is the tallest among all the children.around表示“在周圍”，強調環(huán)境Lets show you around the o表示有特定的運動方向，常與動詞兩用，意味“進入”The rabbit ran into the forest.out of表示“從里面出來”，與into意思相反The rabbit ran out of the

9、 forest.through表示從內部“穿過”The little dog can go through the hole in the door.across表示從表面“穿過”Go across the bridge and then turn left.to/toward/towards表示方向，表示“到（某地）”或“朝，向”My father will go to Beijing next week.The window opens towards the south.along表示“順著，沿著”Go along this street.3.方式介詞基本用法例子with表示使用的工具或

10、手段，一般接具體的手段或工具You must do your exam with a pen.by表示一種方式和方法，后面的名詞不加冠詞，也無復數(shù)形式；by后也可以跟動名詞They go to work by bike.The old man made a living by selling newspaper.in表示用材料或語言等You can write in black ink.Whats this in English?三、易混易錯1.表示地點的介詞in, on和to的區(qū)別易混詞用法例子in表示在某一地區(qū)之內的某方位（屬于該范圍）Fujian is in the southeast

11、of China.to表示在某一地區(qū)之外的某方位（不屬于該范圍）Japan is to the east of China.on表示與某地的毗鄰關系Hebei is on the north of Hunan.2.for, to towards的區(qū)別易混詞用法例子for常用在leave, start后，表示運動的方向或目的They will leave for Beijing to attend the meeting next month.to接在go, come, return, move等詞之后，表示目的地When did you return to Guangzhou after th

12、e holiday?towards意為“朝，向”，只說明運動的方向，沒有“到達”的意思She walked slowly towards me.3.expect和besides的區(qū)別易混詞用法例子except表示“除之外（不再有）”，指從整體中排除except所帶的人或物，前面常有all, every, any, no等詞All the students go to the zoo except Jim.besides表示“除之外還（包括在內）”，它的意思是在原來的基礎上加上besides所帶的人或物，其前常有other, another, any other, a few等詞I have a

13、 few good friends besides you.4.of和in用于最高級結構中的區(qū)別易混詞用法例子of后接數(shù)詞或可數(shù)名詞復數(shù) Tom is the tallest boy of the four,in后一般接可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)形式Tom is the tallest boy in the class.5.with和without的區(qū)別易混詞用法例子with有“和，附帶，帶有”之意with the help ofplay withwithout有“沒有”之意without helpwithout breakfast6.of sb.與for sb.的區(qū)別區(qū)別例子of sb.It is +a

14、dj.+ of sb. to do sth中，形容詞為clever, kind, nice等描述任務性格特征的詞，of后的人物與形容詞有主表關系。It is very kind of you to help the old man.for sb.It is +adj.+ for sb. to do sth.中，形容詞為important, easy等不描述任務性格特征的詞，for后的人物與形容詞沒有主表關系。It is important for us to study hard.7.to的兩種用法的區(qū)別區(qū)別例子是動詞不定式符號后面跟動詞原形want to do sth.是介詞后面跟名詞、代詞

15、或動名詞look forward topay attention to習題（一）1. Its warm here all year round. The temperature is never _ 0 even in winter.A. above B. on C. under D. below2.-Everyone has handed in the test paper _ Billy.-He hasnt finished it yet.A. besides B. except C. with D. beside3.-What are the two postcards _ ?-They

16、 have the same color and places of interest on them.A. in common B. in time C. in all D. in a word4. I dont think university students should have par-time jobs.-Im _ you. That will be a good experience for them.A. for B. with C. against D. without5.-When did your uncle arrive _ China?-_ China.A. at;

17、 In B. in; In C. in; On6. The “teacher-free exam” means that students take their exams _ teachers. Students must be more honest.A. without B. against C. through D. with7. A terrible earthquake happened in Nepal _ a terrible morning.A. on B. in C. at D. from8. Toms father works _ a chief engineer _ a

18、 big company.A. for; as B. as; as C. as; for D. for; in9. We live right here. Look! The house on the other side of the street is my uncles. His house is _ ours.A. in front of B. next to C. behind D. opposite10. Our school sports meeting will be held _ the coming April.A. on B. in C. at D. to11. The

19、Qingming Festival of this year falls _ April 5th and thousands of card pours into highways _ the early morning of the holiday.A. on; in B. in; on C. on; on D. in; in 12.I often go on the holiday with my parents _ summer.A. on B. at C. in D. of13. The movie was so funny that all of us kept laughing _ stopping.A. for B. by C. with