主語從句用法小結(jié)

1、主語從句用法小結(jié)勉縣第二中學(xué)高二（ 7）班郭恬指導(dǎo)老師：李艷請觀察下列句子 , 注意主語從句的特點(diǎn)。That the earth travels round the sunis a well-known fact.Whether the artist can do it or notis uncertain.Who will act the lead in the playhas not been decided yet.Where the young man has goneis not known.When and where the test will be givenis not ye

2、t decided.【歸納總結(jié)】主語從句必須有引導(dǎo)詞；主語從句用陳述句語氣。引導(dǎo)主語從句的詞有：連詞 : that, whether；連接代詞 : who, whose, whom, whoever, what, which等；連接副詞 where, when, whenever, wherever, how, why等。主語從句引導(dǎo)詞的選擇：1).連接詞 : that, whether(1)That he will win is certain.(2) It has been reported that sales of beef in China will increase.(3)Whet

3、herwe shall raise ducks or geese remains to be decided.(4)Whetherhe ll join us in the discussion is of great importance.2) 連接代詞 : who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever等。(1)It is clearwho is afraid of having a change in land ownership.(2)Whosebag it is cannot be told.(3)WhatIndi

4、a needs is a law to make land ownership fairer.(4)It is not yet decided which cash crop will be produced next year.(5)Whateverhe said was right.(6)Whoevergo there must get ready by 6 o clock.連接副詞 : when, where, why, how, how many, how much ,how long, how soon, how often 等。(1)Whenwe ll start tomorrow

5、 will be told soon.(2)Wherewe can buy oxen is something we need to find out.(3)How/ Whenhe came here is not known.(4)Howwe can protect the grain needs to be discussed.(5)How manypeople died from starvation that year will never be known.(6)How oftenhe ll go to see his grandmother depends on the time

6、he can spare.歸納總結(jié)：主語從句引導(dǎo)詞的選擇主要是根據(jù)從句的結(jié)構(gòu)和意義來選擇。1.如果從句的意義和結(jié)構(gòu)完整，則用that。2.如果從句的意義和結(jié)構(gòu)不完整，則根據(jù)從句的意義和結(jié)構(gòu)選擇相應(yīng)的引導(dǎo)詞。比較 that / what1.Whathe wants is a book.2.Thathe wants to go there is obvious.3.Whathappened is not clear.4.This is the best TVthatis made in China. 定語從句5.The first museumthathe visited in China was

7、 the History Museum. 定語從句that 和 what 的選用： that 和 what 都可引導(dǎo)主語從句。但是， what 除起連接作用外，還在主語從句中充當(dāng)成分，可做從句的主語、賓語、或表語。而that在主語從句中不充當(dāng)任何成分，只起連接作用。翻譯和分析下列句子：It is well reported that a storm is coming.It is true that the earth moves around the sun.It is a pity that I missed the train.It doesn t matterwhether he wi

8、ll come or not.It seems that it is going to rain.6. It happened thatthey didn t know my address.歸納：為了使句子保持平衡， 常用 it 來代替主語從句， 而把主語從句放到后面，尤其是連詞 that 引導(dǎo)的主語從句常用于此種句式中。常用句型如下：It+ be +名詞 + that 從句It+ be + 形容詞 + that 從句It+ be + 動詞的過去分詞 + that 從句It+ be + 不及物動詞 + that 從句Its likely/possible/important/necessar

9、y/clear that很可能 /重要的是 /必要的是 /很清楚2.Its known/reported/ thought/said that 據(jù)說 /據(jù)報(bào)道3.It seems/appears/happens that顯然、明顯、碰巧 .4.Its been announced/declared that已經(jīng)通知 /宣布Its no wonder that并不奇怪 /無疑 Its a pity/a fact /a common knowledge 眾(所周知） / a common saying（俗話說）that主語從句常見錯誤：下列各句均有一處錯誤，請改正并分析原因。1. Light tr

10、avels faster than sound is common knowledge.改：在 is 后加 that。that 雖無詞義但引導(dǎo)主語從句位于句首時不能省略。2. If shecomings or not doesn t matter much.改：將 If 變?yōu)?Whether。 if, whether 都可表示 “是否 ”,但 if 不能引導(dǎo)位于主句之前的主語從句，它可以引導(dǎo)位于主句之后帶有形式主語it 的主語從句。3. That the professor said is of great importance.改：將 That 改為 What。that 引導(dǎo)主語從句時無詞義

11、， 只起一個連接的作用。 Whatthe professor said表示 “教授所說的 ”，said 后面還需要一個賓語， 就只能用 what。4. Where will the trees be planted has not been decided.改：將 will 置于 trees之后。主語從句要用陳述句語序。5. No matter who breaks the rule will be punished.改：將 No matter who 變?yōu)?whoever。引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時二者可互換，但引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時只能用whoever。6. When and where the mee

12、ting will be held still remain a question.改：將 remain 變?yōu)?remains。主語從句表示單一概念時，謂語要用單數(shù)形式。清代 “紅頂商人 ”胡雪巖說：“做生意頂要緊的是眼光，看得到一省，就能做一省的生意；看得到天下，就能做天下的生意；看得到外國，就能做外國的生意。”可見，一個人的心胸和眼光，決定了他志向的短淺或高遠(yuǎn)；一個人的希望和夢想，決定了他的人生暗淡或輝煌。人生能有幾回搏，有生不搏待何時！所有的機(jī)遇和成功，都在充滿陽光，充滿希望的大道之上！我們走過了黑夜，就迎來了黎明；走過了荊棘，就迎來了花叢；走過了坎坷，就走出了泥濘；走過了失敗，就走向了成功！一個人只要心存希望，堅(jiān)強(qiáng)堅(jiān)韌，堅(jiān)持不懈，勇往直前地去追尋，去探索，去拼搏，他總有一天