2013語(yǔ)法通霸非謂語(yǔ)

1、第五章非謂語(yǔ)第一部分考點(diǎn)精講精練考點(diǎn)1.謂語(yǔ)和非謂語(yǔ)在英語(yǔ)中，一個(gè)主謂結(jié)構(gòu)中只能有一個(gè)謂語(yǔ)，再出現(xiàn)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，要變成非謂語(yǔ)形式。（參看：P錯(cuò)誤!未定義書(shū)簽。錯(cuò)誤!未找到引用源。）英語(yǔ)中非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞包括：動(dòng)名詞，現(xiàn)在分詞，過(guò)去分詞和動(dòng)詞不定式。無(wú)論它們?cè)诰渲凶魇裁闯煞?，他們都保持著自己本身的屬性特點(diǎn)。動(dòng)名詞：具有名詞功能，常在句中作：主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)；作定語(yǔ)時(shí)表功能；現(xiàn)在分詞:表主動(dòng)和正在進(jìn)行,常在句中作：定語(yǔ)，狀語(yǔ)，賓補(bǔ)；過(guò)去分詞：被動(dòng)和已完成，常在句中作：定語(yǔ)，狀語(yǔ)，補(bǔ)語(yǔ)；動(dòng)詞不定式：表將來(lái)具體某一次，常在句中作；主語(yǔ)；定語(yǔ)，狀語(yǔ)，補(bǔ)語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)等。要學(xué)好非謂語(yǔ)，掌握它們的本身屬性很關(guān)鍵第1講作主語(yǔ)考點(diǎn)1.

2、動(dòng)詞不定式作主語(yǔ)與動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)的區(qū)別動(dòng)詞原形是不能作主語(yǔ)的。動(dòng)詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，如果側(cè)重于表示經(jīng)常性在動(dòng)詞后面加ing構(gòu)成動(dòng)名詞來(lái)做主語(yǔ)；如果側(cè)重于表示將來(lái)特定的某一次，則用動(dòng)詞不定式來(lái)做主語(yǔ)。Playingbasketballismyfavoritesport.（“打籃球”指經(jīng)常性，因此用動(dòng)名詞。）Togotoakeycollegeishisdream.（“上名牌大學(xué)”指特定的將來(lái)的某一次，用不定式）有時(shí)為了對(duì)稱，主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)（或表語(yǔ)）要么都用不定時(shí)，要么都用動(dòng)名詞。Seeingisbelieving.Toseeistobelieve._isagoodformofexerciseforbothyou

3、ngandold.ThewalkB.WalkingC.TowalkD.Walktosunlightfortoomuchtimewilldoharmtoonesskin.A.ExposedB.havingexposedC.BeingexposedD.AfterbeingexposedToanswercorrectlyismoreimportantthanA.thatyoufinishquicklyB.finishingquicklyC.tofinishquicklyD.finishquicklynowseemsimpossible.A.SavingmoneyB.TosavemoneyC.Bein

4、gsavedmoneyD.Tobesavedmoney【2009四川】HetolduswhetherapicnicwasstillunderdiscussionA.tohaveB.havingC.haveD.hadC.LosingD.Becauseoflosing考點(diǎn)2.what在問(wèn)句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，常用動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)來(lái)回答6.WhatdoyouthinkmadeMarysoupset?寫(xiě)作專(zhuān)練1正確選擇不定式或動(dòng)名詞做主語(yǔ)（P43）hernewbicycle.A.AsshelostB.Lost第2講作賓語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)用動(dòng)詞不定式還是動(dòng)名詞主要是看主語(yǔ)表示的動(dòng)作是將來(lái)還是經(jīng)常性；作賓語(yǔ)用動(dòng)詞不定式還是動(dòng)名詞

5、主要是看謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的搭配?？键c(diǎn)1.有些動(dòng)詞只能跟不定式作賓語(yǔ)這類(lèi)及物動(dòng)詞常見(jiàn)的有：agree（同意）,ask（請(qǐng)、要）,attempt（試圖）,afford付得起agree同意ask要求apply申請(qǐng)care（想要）,choose（決定、要）,decide（決定）,desire（希望），determine（決心），help幫助expect（期望）,fail（未能）,hope（希望）,intend（打算）,learn（學(xué)習(xí)）,manage（設(shè)法）,offer（愿意）,plan（計(jì)劃、打算）,pretend（假裝）,refuse（拒絕、謝絕）,wish（希望）,promise（答應(yīng)），want（想要

6、）等等。A.IllmeetB.meetingC.tomeetingD.tomeetShetoldmethatshehaddecidedagain.A.benotlateB.notbelateC.nottobelateD.tobenotlateAlmosteveryonefailsonthefirsttry.inpassinghisdriverstesttopasshisdriverstesttohavepassedhisdriverstestpassinghisdriverstestThetwoweaverspretendedveryhard,thoughtheydidnothingatthe

7、looms.A.workB.workingC.tobeworkedD.tobeworkingWhenhegotoffthetrain,ithappenedWeasked_toworkinthecountryside.A.tobesentB.tosendC.tobesendingD.sending【2010江西】Thereweremanytalentedactorsouttherejustwaiting.A.todiscoverB.tobediscoveredC.discoveredD.beingdiscoveredIexpectedyourfriend,butmycarbrokedownont

8、heway.A.torainB.toberainingC.rainingD.torainingIdidntituntilyouhadexplainedhow.A.managetodoB.managedtodoC.managetohavedoneD.managedoingTheyoungdriverofferedthepatientoutofthecar.A.tohandB.handingC.handsD.wouldhandThewhitehorserefusedthestonewall.A.itsjumpingB.tojumpC.jumpingupD.tojumpat考點(diǎn)2.有些動(dòng)詞只能跟動(dòng)名

9、詞作賓語(yǔ)下列動(dòng)詞習(xí)慣上可接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)/但不能接不定式作賓語(yǔ)：admit承認(rèn)advise建議allow允許appreciate感激avoid避免consider考慮delay推遲deny否認(rèn)discuss討論dislike不喜歡enjoy喜愛(ài)escape逃脫excuse原諒fancy設(shè)想finish完成forbid禁止forgive原諒giveup放棄imagine想象keep保持mention提及mind介意miss沒(méi)趕上pardon原諒permit允許practice練習(xí)prevent阻止prohibit禁止putoff推遲risk冒險(xiǎn)stop停止suggest建議feellike想做某事

10、Iwouldappreciatebackthisafternoon.A.youtocallB.youcallC.yourcallingD.yourecallingSheenjoyslightmusic.A.tohearB.hearingC.listeningtoD.tolistentoYoucankeepthebookuntilyou.A.havefinishedreadingB.finishtoreadC.willfinishreadingD.havefinishedtoreadAlisaidthatshewouldntmindaloneathome.A.leftB.beingleftC.t

11、obeleftD.leavingIfyoukeepEnglish,youcanlearnEnglishwell.A.practicingspeakB.practicingspeakingC.practicingtospeakD.topractisespokenWeareconsideringanewplan.A.makingB.beingmadeC.tomakeD.tohavemadeThesquirrelwasluckythatitjustmissedB.tobecaughtD.tocatchB.tobecaughtD.tocatchyourselfonaC.beingcaughtCanyo

12、uimaginedesertisland?A.stayingB.stayC.havestayedD.beingstayedWecanunderstandwhyheavoidstous.A.tospeakB.speechC.havingspokenD.speakingPleaseexcusemyinwithoutA.come,askingB.coming,askingC.tocome,beingaskedD.coming,beingaskedWhyhavetheydelayedthenewschool?A.openingB.toopenC.havingopenedD.tohaveopenedSh

13、ethekey.A.admitedtakingB.admittedtakeC.admittedhavingtakenD.admittedtohavetaken【2008上海春】Asanewdriver,IhavetopracticethecarinmysmallgarageagainandagainA.parkingB.toparkC.parkedD.park【2009上?！緽illsuggestedameetingonwhattodofortheShanghaiExpoduringthevacation.A.havingheldB.toholdC.holdingD.hold【2011四川】L

14、ydiadoesntfeellikeabroad.Herparentsareold.studyB.studyingC.studiedD.tostudy考點(diǎn)3.有些動(dòng)詞既可跟不定式也可跟動(dòng)名詞，但意思上有差別forget/rememberdoing/havingdone跟動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)，記得還是忘了以前曾經(jīng)做的事forget/remembertodo還未做regretdoingsth.對(duì)做過(guò)的某事表示后悔regrettosay,很抱歉的說(shuō)meantodo,打算作某事；meandoing,意味著trytodo,盡力作某事；trydoing,嘗試著作某事want/need/requiredoingst

15、h,表示被動(dòng)等于want/need/requiretobedonelike/hatedoing,經(jīng)常性的like/hatetodo,特定的某一次be/getusedtodoing習(xí)慣于做某事usedtodo過(guò)去經(jīng)常做某事beusedtodo被用來(lái)做canthelpdoing二canthelpbutdo忍不住做某事canthelp(to)do不能幫助做某事stopdoing停止正在做著的某事stoptodo停下來(lái)做別的事情(todo是目的狀語(yǔ))goondoing繼續(xù)做原來(lái)做的事goontodo接著干別的事情L(zhǎng)ittleJimshouldlovetothetheatrethisevening.At

16、obetakenB.totakeC.beingtakenD.taking-“Didyouclosethedoor?”-“Yes,Irememberit.”A.tocloseB.toclosingC.closingD.closed【2012安徽】IrememberedthedoorbeforeIlefttheoffice,butforgottoturnoffthelights.A.lockingB.tolockC.havinglockedD.tohavelockedImsorryIforgotyourdictionary.LetsborrowonefromLiMing.A.totakeB.tak

17、ingC.tobringD.bringingHenryalwaysforgetsthingshehasdone.Yesterdayheforgotandlookedforiteverywhere.A.toposttheletterB.tohavetheletterpostedtohavepostedtheletterhavingpostedtheletterMybrotherregrettedalecturegivenbyProfessorLiu.A.missingB.tomissC.missedD.beingmissedIregretyouthatweareunabletoofferyoua

18、job.A.informingB.havinginformedC.toinformD.toinformingIfelttiredwithwalking,soIstoppedabreakforanhour.A.havingB.tohaveC.takingD.totakingTheteachertoldthestudentstostoptohim.A.towriteandlistenB.writingandlisteningC.towriteandlisteningD.writingandtolisten-Iusuallygotherebytrain.-Whynotbyboatforachange

19、?A.totrygoingB.tryingtogoC.totryandgoD.trygoing【2008湖南】Susanwantedtobeindependentofherparents.Shetriedalone,butshedidntlikeitandmovedbackhome.A.livingB.toliveC.tobelivingD.havinglivedYoudidnthearuscomeinlastnight.Thatsgood.Wetriednoisy.tobenotB.nottobeC.notbeingD.beingnotThegrasshasgrownsotallthatit

20、needsA.tocutB.tobecutitC.cuttingD.beingcutTherearelotsofplacesofinterestinourcity.A.needsrepairingB.needingrepairedC.neededrepairingD.needingtoberepairedTheseyoungtreesrequirecarefully.A.lookingafterB.tolookafterC.tobelookedatD.lookingforThesentencewantsoncemore.A.toexplainB.explainingC.beingexplain

21、edD.tobeexplaineditHehasntgotusedinthecountrysideyet.A.liveB.toliveC.tolivingD.livingAverywell-knownpersoninthishouse.A.isusedtoliveB.usedtoliveC.isusedtolivingD.usedtolivingMissingthetrainmeansforanhour.A.towaitB.tobewaitedC.beingwaitedD.waiting45.Imeantyou,butIwassobusy.A.tocallonB.callingonC.toca

22、llatD.callingat46.1knowitsnotimportant,butIcanthelp_aboutitA.tothinkB.andthinkC.thinkingD.beingthoughtImbusy_fortheentraneeexamination,soIcanthelp_houseworkA.preparing,doingB.preparing,todotoprepare,doingD.toprepare,todo考點(diǎn)4.except,but后跟不定式時(shí)，如果前面有實(shí)意動(dòng)詞do的形式，不用to,否則要帶toThereisnothingtodoexcept_tillitst

23、opsraining.A.towaitB.waitingC.waitD.waitsStandingonthetopofthehill,Iwouldnotdoanythingbut_theflowingofthesmogaroundme.A.enjoyB.enjoyingC.enjoyedtoenjoy考點(diǎn)5.RemaintobedoneItremainswhetherJimwillbefitenoughtoplayinthefinals.A.seenB.tobeseenC.seeingD.toseeHavingatripabroadiscertainlygoodfortheoldcouple,

24、butitremainswhethertheywillenjoyit.A.toseeB.tobeseenC.seeingD.seen考點(diǎn)6.介詞后跟動(dòng)名詞做賓語(yǔ)【2012北京】Onelearnsalanguagebymakingmistakesandthem.A.correctsB.correctC.tocorrectD.correcting【2012福建】ChinarecentlytighteneditswaterscontrolsneartheHuangyanIslandtopreventChinesefishingboatsfromintheSouthChinaSea.A.attacki

25、ngB.havingattackedC.beingattackedD.havingbeenattacked考點(diǎn)7含有用作介詞t。的?？级陶Z(yǔ)beaddictedto沉溺于；對(duì)上癮Heisaddictedtogambling.他沉溺于賭博。devoteoneselftodoingsth/bedevotedto獻(xiàn)身于做某事/專(zhuān)心致力于做某事把Shedevotedherselftohelpingthepoor.她致力于幫助窮人。Charliedevoteshistimetoreading.查理的時(shí)間都用于讀書(shū)。Herlifewasdevotedtocaringforthesickandneedy.她一

26、生都致力于關(guān)心照顧貧病交迫的人。beequaltodoingsth等于做某事，能勝任做某事Thisisequaltosayingthatheknowsherwell.這就等于說(shuō)他很熟悉她。Shedidntfeelequaltoreceivingvisitors.她感到身體不適，不能會(huì)客。objecttodoingsth反對(duì)做某事，haveanobjectiontodoingsth反對(duì)（反感）做某事Heobjectedtobeingtreatedlikeachild.他反對(duì)被當(dāng)作小孩子看待。Hehasastrongobjectiontogettingupsoearly.他很反感這么早就起床。be

27、opposedtodoingsth反對(duì)做某事Sheseemsverymuchopposedtoyourgoingabroad.她好像很反對(duì)你出國(guó)。Imopposedtotellinghimthenewsatonce.我反對(duì)馬上告訴他這個(gè)消息。reducesb.todoingsth使某人淪為做某事Hungerreducedthemtostealing.饑餓使他們淪落為盜賊。Hewasreducedtobeggingforfood.最后他淪為乞丐。payattentiontodoingsth注意做某事Weshouldpaymoreattentiontounitingandworkingwithth

28、ecomradeswhodifferwithus.我們應(yīng)該更注意團(tuán)結(jié)那些與自己意見(jiàn)不同的同志工作。beusedtodoingsth/beaccustomedtodoing習(xí)慣于做某事Johnhasgotusedtosleepinglate.約翰已習(xí)慣很晚睡覺(jué)了。Iamnotaccustomedtobeingtreatedlikethis.我不習(xí)慣被這樣對(duì)待。getdowntodoingsth開(kāi)始做某事，認(rèn)真處理某事Itstimewegotdowntosomeseriouswork.我們?cè)撜J(rèn)真干點(diǎn)正事了Afterlunchwegotdowntodiscussingtheissueofpay.午餐

29、之后，我們開(kāi)始認(rèn)真討論報(bào)酬的問(wèn)題。lookforwardtodoingsth盼望做某事Wearelookingforwardtoreceivinghisletter.我們盼望收到他的回信。Ilookforwardtohearingfromyou.盼早日收到你的來(lái)信。come/benear/closetodoingsth幾乎做某事,差點(diǎn)就做某事Iwasneartoscreaming.我險(xiǎn)些喊叫起來(lái)。Icameneartoforgettingmyraincoat.我差點(diǎn)把雨衣給忘了。Wehadanoutstandingseasonandcamesoclosetowinningthetitleaga

30、in.inadditiontodoingsth除做某事之外Inadditiontogivingmesomeadvice,hegavemesomemoney.他不僅給我提了些忠告，而且還給了我一些錢(qián)。keytodoingsth做某事的關(guān)鍵Yettransportationisthekeytogettingthisfoodtothechildrenandtheirfamilies.交通是把這事物送給那些孩子和他們家人的關(guān)鍵。makecontributionsto對(duì)作貢獻(xiàn)Everyoneshouldmakeacontributiontoprotectingtheenvironment.每一個(gè)人都應(yīng)當(dāng)

31、對(duì)保護(hù)環(huán)境做出貢獻(xiàn)。whenitcomesto談到時(shí)Thereisnoshortageofideaswhenitcomestoimprovingtheeducationofchildren.當(dāng)談及改善孩子教育時(shí)，是不缺乏主意的。寫(xiě)作專(zhuān)練2掌握后面跟不定式做賓語(yǔ)和后面跟動(dòng)名詞做賓語(yǔ)的常用動(dòng)詞及to做介詞（P44）第3講作表語(yǔ)考點(diǎn)1.動(dòng)詞不定式作表語(yǔ)同動(dòng)名詞作表語(yǔ)的區(qū)別表示將來(lái)某一次時(shí)常用動(dòng)詞不定式作表語(yǔ)，表示經(jīng)常性時(shí)常用動(dòng)名詞作表語(yǔ)。Herwishisanengineer.A.becomingB.becomeC.tobecomeD.beingcomeSomepeoplesgreatestplea

32、sureisA.fishingB.tofishC.tobefishingD.beingfish考點(diǎn)2動(dòng)詞不定式作表語(yǔ)時(shí)，to的省略問(wèn)題動(dòng)詞不定式作表語(yǔ)時(shí)，如果前面有實(shí)義動(dòng)詞do的形式，作表語(yǔ)的不定式常省略toWhatYangLiweiwantedtodowhenhegotoutofthespaceshipwas_thejoywithalltheChinese.A.shareB.sharedC.havingsharedD.abouttoshareIthinkthebestthingyoushoulddoisanotherjob.A.lookingforB.lookedforC.lookforD.

33、abouttolookfor考點(diǎn)3動(dòng)名詞作表語(yǔ)同進(jìn)行時(shí)的區(qū)別考點(diǎn)4.現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)時(shí)相當(dāng)于-ed形容詞和-ing形容詞-ing形容詞令人的;-ed形容詞令人感到的，有被動(dòng)意味。（參看P錯(cuò)誤!未定義書(shū)簽。錯(cuò)誤!未找到引用源。）Tomsoundsverymuchinthejob,butImnotsurewhetherhecanmanageit.A.interestedB.interestingC.interestinglyD.interestedlyClimbingmountainswas,soweallfeltA.tiring;tiredB.tired;tiringC.tiring;t

34、iringD.tired;tiredWemusttreasureeveryminutebecausetimeis_forever.A.lost,losingB.lost,lostC.losing,losingD.losing,lostPleaseremainuntiltheplanehascometoacompletestop.A.tosealB.tobeseatedC.seatingD.seated考點(diǎn)5.betoblame應(yīng)為某事負(fù)責(zé)（參看P11考點(diǎn)4）動(dòng)名詞作表語(yǔ)時(shí)是說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的職責(zé)和功能等，和主語(yǔ)是對(duì)等關(guān)系，沒(méi)有正在進(jìn)行之意，而現(xiàn)在分詞有正在進(jìn)行之意如：Myjobislookingaft

35、erthechildren.（looking為動(dòng)名詞）Heislookingafterthebaby.（looking為現(xiàn)在分詞）Thecarelessdriverwastoblamefortheaccident.那個(gè)粗心的司機(jī)應(yīng)為這場(chǎng)事故負(fù)責(zé)。寫(xiě)作專(zhuān)練3.非謂語(yǔ)做表語(yǔ)時(shí)應(yīng)注意（P45）第4講作定語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在分詞，過(guò)去分詞，動(dòng)詞不定式和動(dòng)名詞都可作定語(yǔ)。一般不用非謂語(yǔ)的完成式作定語(yǔ)?？键c(diǎn)1.現(xiàn)在分詞，過(guò)去分詞，動(dòng)詞不定式作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，看與所修飾詞之間的關(guān)系如果構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系，（有時(shí)還表正在進(jìn)行）用現(xiàn)在分詞；如果構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系,（已完成），用過(guò)去分詞；表將來(lái)特定某一次，用動(dòng)詞不定式?！局鲃?dòng)關(guān)系和被動(dòng)關(guān)系：參看

36、P錯(cuò)誤!未定義書(shū)簽。錯(cuò)誤!未找到引用源。】Thelittleboystillneedsthe_20dollarstodowithsomethings_.remaining,remainedtobesettledremaining,remainingtobesettled.remained,remainedtosettleremained,remainingtosettleThepictureonthewallispaintedbymynephew.A.havinghungB.hangingC.hangsD.beinghungThebell_theendoftheperiodrang,ourhe

37、ateddiscussion.A.indicating,interruptingB.indicated,interruptingC.indicating,interruptedD.indicated,interruptedTigers_meat-eatinganimals_meat.A.belongedto,fedonB.belongingto,feedonbelongingto,feedingonbelongedto,feedingon-Haventyouseenthesign_“NOPHOTO”?-ImsorryIdidnt.A.readsB.toreadC.readD.reading【2

38、009湖南】Attheageof29,Davewasaworker,inasmallapartmentnearBostonandwhattodoabouthisfuture.A.living;wonderingB.lived;wonderingC.lived;wonderedD.living;wondered【2010浙江】Thetrafficrulesaysyoungchildrenundertheageoffourandlessthan40poundsmustbeinachildsafetyseat.A.beingweighedB.toweighC.weighedD.weighing【20

39、11全國(guó)I】Thenextthinghesawwassmokefrombehindthehouse.A.roseB.risingC.toriseD.risen【2011江西】Onreceivingaphonecallfromhiswifeshehadafall,Mr.Gordonimmediatelyrushedhomefromoffice.A.saysB.saidC.sayingD.tosay【2011江蘇】Recentlyasurveypricesofthesamegoodsintwodifferentsupermarketshascausedheateddebateamongcitize

40、ns.A.comparedB.comparingC.comparesD.beingcompared【2011山東】Lookovertheretheresaverylong,windingpathuptothehouse.A.leadingB.leadsC.ledD.tolead【2012湖南】Thelecture,at7:00pmlastnight,wasfollowedbyanobservationofthemoonwithtelescopes.A.startingB.beingstartedC.tostartD.tobestarted【2012上?！縂eniusisacomplicated

41、concept,_manydifferentfactors.A.involvedB.involvingC.toinvolveD.beinginvolved“Thingsnevercomeagain!”Icouldnthelptalkingtomyself.A.lostB.losingC.toloseD.havelostThewalletseveraldaysagowasfoundinthedustbinoutsidethebuilding.A.stolen;hidingB.stealing;hiddenC.tobestolen;hidingD.stolen;hidden【2009全國(guó)I】Now

42、thatwevediscussedourproblem,arepeoplehappywiththedecisions?A.takingB.takeC.takenD.totake【2012山東】Aftercompletingandsigningit,pleasereturntheformtousintheenvelopeA.providingB.providedC.havingprovidedD.provide【2010北京】ImcallingtoenquireaboutthepositioninyesterdaysChinaDaily.A.advertisedB.tobeadvertisedC

43、.advertisingD.havingadvertised【2010湖南】Sofarnobodyhasclaimedthemoneyinthelibrary.A.discoveredB.tobediscoveredC.discoveringD.havingdiscovered【2010四川】Agreatnumberofstudentssaidtheywereforcedtopracticethepiano.A.toquestionB.tobequestionedC.questionedD.questioning【2011全國(guó)II】Theisland,tothemainlandbyabridg

44、e,iseasytogoto.A.joiningB.tojoinC.joinedD.havingjoined【2011湖南】Theplayersfromthewholecountryareexpectedtobringushonorinthissummergame.A.selectingB.toselectC.selectedD.havingselected【2012浙江】Itssuchaniceplace,Mothersaidasshesatatthetableforcustomers.A.tobereservedB.havingreservedC.reservingD.reservedWh

45、enIhandedthereporttoJohn,hesaidthatGeorgewastheperson.A.tosendB.forsendingitC.tosendittoD.forsendingitto【2009安徽】Theplaynextmonthaimsmainlytoreflectthelocalculture.A.producedB.beingproducedC.tobeproducedD.havingbeenproduced【2012重慶】Werehavingameetinginhalfanhour.Thedecisionatthemeetingwillinflueneethe

46、futureofourcompany.A.tobemadeB.beingmadeC.madeD.havingbeenmade考點(diǎn)2.theway后面常用不定式做定語(yǔ)(鏈接thewaytohelphim=thewayofhelpinghim;ononeswayhome,ononeswaytoschool)Thatsthebestwayyouthoughtof_intothedangerousarea.stoppingpeoplegettingtokeeppeoplegettingpreventingpeoplefromgettingtostoppeoplegetting考點(diǎn)3.名詞前有序數(shù)詞、形

47、容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)，常用不定式作定語(yǔ)也包括被thenext,thelast,theonly,thevery等限定詞時(shí)詞。HeistheoldestactorevertowinanOscar.他是獲得奧斯卡年齡最大的演員。ItisnamedaftertheonlymantoeverplayforboththeLionsandAustralia. HYPERLINK /example/to_ever/ /example/to_ever/-#（該獎(jiǎng)杯）由唯一一個(gè)先后代表過(guò)獅子隊(duì)和澳大利亞隊(duì)比賽的運(yùn)動(dòng)員命名。Shewaslabeledasoneofthemostbeautifulwomentoeverh

48、itmodeling. HYPERLINK /example/to_ever/ /example/to_ever/-#她被認(rèn)為是有史以來(lái)模特界最漂亮的女人之一。Helovesparties.Heisalwaysthefirstandthelast.A.coming;leavingB.tocome;toleaveC.comes;leavesD.come;leave【2008全國(guó)1】-Thelastone_paysthemeal.-Agreed!A.arrivedB.arrivesC.toarriveD.arriving考點(diǎn)4.不定式做定語(yǔ)何時(shí)用主動(dòng)式何時(shí)用被動(dòng)式句中有動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)，用主動(dòng)式。不

49、定式和所修飾詞構(gòu)成邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系且句中有動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)，用主動(dòng)式。此時(shí)，動(dòng)詞不定式要有及物性，且不用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)Imnotsurewhichrestaurant.A.toeatonB.eatingatC.toeatatD.foreatingWillyoupleasetellmewhyyouhadnopeninclass?A.tohavewrittenB.tobewrittenwithC.tohavebeenwrittenD.towritewithIamverybusy.IhaveaverydifficultproblemA.toworkB.toworkoutC.tobeworkedoutD.to

50、workitout【2010山東】Ihavealotofreadingsbeforetheendofthisterm.A.completingB.tocompleteC.completedD.beingcompleted句中沒(méi)有動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者時(shí)，動(dòng)詞不定式用被動(dòng)式Itisoneoftheimportantproblemstomorrow.A.tosolveB.tobesolvedC.solvedD.solvingHarrycantattendtheparty_atTomshouseatpresentbecauseheispreparingthespeechattheparty_atMariesho

51、usetomorrow.A.held;beingheldB.tobeheld;tobeheldC.tobeheld;heldD.beingheld;tobeheld【2010陜西】Hisfirstbooknextmonthisbasedonatruestory.A.publishedB.tobepublishedC.topublishD.beingpublished【2012重慶】Werehavingameetinginhalfanhour.Thedecisionatthemeetingwillinflueneethefutureofourcompany.A.tobemadeB.beingma

52、deC.madeD.havingbeenmade有時(shí)用被動(dòng)表示讓別人做Imgoingtothesupermarket.Haveyougotanything?A.boughtB.tobeboughtC.tobuyD.beingbought39.1llgobacktoourhometowntomorrow.Haveyougotanythingtoyourparents?No,thankyou.Illbebackinafewdays.A.totakeB.takeC.takingD.tobetaken“Doyouhaveanyclothestoday?themaidasked.A.towashB.to

53、bewashedC.washD.bewashed(be)Toblame應(yīng)為某事負(fù)責(zé)，不用被動(dòng)Mr.Greenstoodupindefenseofthe16-year-oldboy,sayingthathewasnottheone.A.blamedB.blamingC.toblameD.tobeblamedThemotherdidntknowwho_forthebrokenglass.A.blamedB.wouldblameC.toblameD.beblamedThepolicyispartly_forcausingtheworstunemploymentinEurope.A.tobeblame

54、dB.toblameC.beingblamedD.blaming考點(diǎn)5.不定式做定語(yǔ)和所修飾詞之間的邏輯關(guān)系不定式作定語(yǔ)，一般都是作后置定語(yǔ)，修飾前面的名詞或代詞。主謂關(guān)系：被修飾的名詞或代詞實(shí)際上是不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ)。如：Weneedsomeonetohelpwiththeproject.(someonewillhelpwiththeproject)我們需要有人來(lái)幫忙干這個(gè)工程。動(dòng)賓關(guān)系：被修飾的名詞或代詞是動(dòng)詞不定式的邏輯賓語(yǔ)。如：Ihavemanyassignmentstodo.(todoassignments)我有許多作業(yè)要做。同位關(guān)系:不定式與所修飾的名詞指的是一回事。Wehavema

55、deaplantolearnfromLeiFeng.我們制定了一個(gè)向雷鋒學(xué)習(xí)的計(jì)劃。狀語(yǔ)關(guān)系：被修飾的名詞實(shí)際上表示動(dòng)詞不定式動(dòng)作的方式、時(shí)間等。這些名詞多是抽象名詞。如：Thatsthewaytodoit.(todoitintheway)那樣做才對(duì)。Ihavenotimetogothere.(togothereinthetime)我沒(méi)有時(shí)間去那兒。44.【2012北京】Birdssingingissometimesisawarningtootherbirdsaway.A.tostayB.stayingC.stayedD.staydrinkingwater飲用alivingroom起【2011

56、drinkingwater飲用alivingroom起importantastheideaitself.A.expressingB.expressedC.toexpressD.tobeexpressed考點(diǎn)6.現(xiàn)在分詞同動(dòng)名詞作定語(yǔ)的區(qū)別動(dòng)名詞表功能：awalkingstick拐杖水a(chǎn)sleepingbag睡袋居室現(xiàn)在分詞表正在進(jìn)行awalkingman正在走路的人asleepingbaby正在睡覺(jué)的嬰兒alivingplant活著的植物考點(diǎn)7done與beingdone做定語(yǔ)時(shí)的區(qū)別過(guò)去分詞做(done)做定語(yǔ)表被動(dòng)和已完成；現(xiàn)在分詞的被動(dòng)式(beingdone)做定語(yǔ)表被動(dòng)和正在進(jìn)行。Th

57、ehousebuiltlastyearwaspulleddownlastweek.去年建的那座房子上周拆除了。Thehousebeingbuiltnowwillbecompletednextmonth.正在建的這座房子將在下個(gè)月完工?！?012上?！縏heclub,_25yearsago,isholdingapartyforpastandpresentmembers.A.foundedB.foundingC.beingfoundedD.tobefounded【2009北京】Forbreakfastheonlydrinksjuicefromfreshfruit_onhisownfarm.A.gr

58、ownB.beinggrownC.tobegrownD.togrowHarrycantattendtheparty_atTomshouseatpresentbecauseheispreparingthespeechattheparty_atMarieshousetomorrow.A.held,beingheldB.tobeheld,tobeheldC.tobeheld,heldD.beingheld,tobeheldhisheadhigh,themanagerwalkedintotheroomtoattendthemeetingthen.A.Holding;beingheldB.Held;ho

59、ldingC.Havingheld;heldD.Held;tobeheld0?寫(xiě)牢者換校能提幷hO寫(xiě)作專(zhuān)練4用好非謂語(yǔ)做定語(yǔ)(P45)第5講反射不定式(Englishishardtolearn.)Englishishardtolearn.英語(yǔ)難學(xué)。前面是主系表結(jié)構(gòu)，后面是不定式，不定式tolearn的邏輯賓語(yǔ)是句子的主語(yǔ)(反射到句子的主語(yǔ)上)，此時(shí)，不定式用主動(dòng)，要具有及物性且不帶賓語(yǔ)注：too.to.太而不能也可以看作反射不定式。Thewateristoohottodrink.(Thewateristoohot主系表結(jié)構(gòu)，drink的賓語(yǔ)是句子的主語(yǔ)。)Ifindtheseproblemsa

60、reeasy.A.tobeworkedoutB.toworkthemoutC.toworkoutD.tobeworkedthemout【2008全國(guó)I】Ilikegettingupveryearlyinsummer.Themorningairissogood_.A.tobebreathedB.tobreatheC.breathingD.beingbreathedA.todealwithB.dealingwithC.tobedealtwithD.dealtwith【2011安徽】Tomaskedthecandymakersiftheycouldmakethechocolateeasierinto